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INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE DIPLOMA

PROGRAMME

YEAR 11

FIRST TERM EXAMINATIONS NOVEMBER 2022 MARK SCHEME

Subject: Physics Paper 2 Level: Higher Level

Day and Date: Monday, 7th November 2022

Duration: 1 hour 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.

• Answer all questions.
• Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided.
• A calculator is required for this paper.
• A clean copy of the physics data booklet is required for this paper.
• The maximum mark for this examination paper is [60 marks].

15 pages
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Answer all questions. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided.
1.
The gravitational force acting on a golf ball on the Earth is 0.430 N. If it were on the Moon, the
same golf ball would have a gravitational force on it of only 0.0725 N. Find the mass of the golf
ball and the acceleration of free fall on the Moon. [2]

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2.
A spacecraft, of mass 4500 kg, which is landing on the Moon, uses its engines to keep its speed
of descent constant at 5.0 m s-1 from the time when the craft is 14 m above the Moon’s surface
until it is 4.0 m above the surface. The engines are then switched off and the spacecraft falls
freely to the Moon’s surface.
The acceleration of free fall on the Moon is 1.6 m s -2.
Calculate, for the spacecraft,
a. The speed of impact, [2]

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b. The time taken to travel the last 4.0 m, [2]

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c. The time taken to fall the full 14 m, [2]

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d. The power of the engines while the speed is constant, [2]

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e. The work done by the engines while the speed is kept constant. [2]

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3.
A man of mass 60 kg, standing on a friction - free surface, throws a ball of mass 1.5 kg with a
horizontal velocity of 25 m s-1. What will be the recoil speed of the man? [2]

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4.
A car of mass 1200 kg has an output power of 58 kW when travelling at a speed of 30 m s -1
along a flat road. What power output is required if it is to travel at the same speed up a hill of
inclination 5.7o. [3]

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5.
A neutron, of mass 1.67 x 10-27 kg, moving with a velocity of 2.0 x 104 m s-1, makes a head – on
collision with a boron nucleus, of mass 17.0 x 10-27 kg, originally at rest. Find the velocity of the
boron nucleus if the collision is perfectly elastic. [3]

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6.
In a motorway accident, a car of mass 1200 kg travelling at 40 m s -1 runs into the back of and
gets stuck into an unloaded lorry of mass 3000 kg travelling at 25 m s-1. How much kinetic
energy does the car lose in the crash? [3]

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7.
a. State the principle of conservation of momentum. [1]

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b. A bullet of mass 0.025 kg is travelling horizontally with a speed of 150 m s-1 when it
strikes the centre of a vertical face of a cubical block of mass 2.0 kg which is hanging at
rest from vertical strings.
If the bullet embeds itself in the block, calculate the vertical height risen by the block and
bullet. [4]

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8.
A builder’s hoist raises a total mass of 400 kg by means of an electric motor. While travelling at
constant speed, the load is observed to rise through 12 m in 8.0 s.
a. Calculate the constant speed at which the load rises. [1]

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b. What is the gain in potential energy of the load when it rises 12 m? [1]

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c. How much mechanical power is the motor developing when the load rises with this
constant speed? [2]

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d. If the electric motor draws 6.8 kW of electrical power when raising the load at this
constant speed, what is the efficiency of the system? [2]

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9.
A student uses a load to pull a box up a ramp inclined at 30°. A string of constant length and
negligible mass connects the box to the load that falls vertically. The string passes over a pulley
that runs on a frictionless axle. Friction acts between the base of the box and the ramp. Air
resistance is negligible.

The load has a mass of 3.5 kg and is initially 0.95 m above the floor. The mass of the box is 1.5
kg.
The load is released and accelerates downwards.
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a. Outline two differences between the momentum of the box and the momentum of the
load at the same instant. [2]

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b. The vertical acceleration of the load downwards is 2.4 m s -2.

Calculate the tension in the string. [2]

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c. Show that the speed of the load when it hits the floor is about 2.1 m s -1. [2]

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d. After the load has hit the floor, the box travels a further 0.35 m along the ramp before
coming to rest. Determine the average frictional force between the box and the surface
of the ramp. [4]

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e. The student then makes the ramp horizontal and applies a constant horizontal force to
the box. The force is just large enough to start the box moving. The force continues to be
applied after the box begins to move.

Explain, with reference to the frictional force acting, why the box accelerates once it has
started to move. [3]

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10.

Airboats are used for transport across a river. To move the boat forward, air is propelled from
the back of the boat by a fan blade.

An airboat has a fan blade of radius 1.8 m. This fan can propel air with a maximum speed
relative to the boat of 20 m s-1. The density of air is 1.2 kg m-3.

a. Outline why a force acts on the airboat due to the fan blade. [3]

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b. In a test the airboat is tied to the river bank with a rope normal to the bank. The fan
propels the air at its maximum speed. There is no wind.

(i) Show that a mass of about 240 kg of air moves through the fan every second. [2]

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(ii) Show that the tension in the rope is about 5 kN. [1]

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c. The rope is untied and the airboat moves away from the bank. The variation with time t
of the speed v of the airboat is shown for the motion.
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(i) Explain why the airboat has a maximum speed under these conditions. [2]

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(ii) Estimate the distance the airboat travels to reach its maximum speed. [2]

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(iii) Deduce the mass of the airboat. [3]

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