topic 윤

M RS G REN
materials for the purpose Df provibing eRergu ogrowtn & devel @ pment
taking in

animals eat nutrienf ⇒ protein carbohudrate efat fo obtuin E

[ Plants

i
,

nutritien = ) pnotosyntbesis

arouwth
니

올
the action tat Cveates a

inEvesese
reproduction - =
procers to n o u e mosto 아 tnesune

permanent in Sice &

N
cink ot organism
dry mass
l a 니
living organism nas this ability

asexual reptoductioh involves one pevant

characteristic of 내
: om

wganamh
iiving
, sextual Veproduction : neads 2 pazent

1 I
mobement
"

action tnat Causes 와

Ehange of position 어
excretion sensitivitu ← ability to Qetect & vespond to
changes
[어

place V external 6 r imteoual emvirorueuf

respiration
.

remoual of Waste products

of metabolism & substances " a stimulus is cuange in 1 Tght
soend
reactonhatare
in arcess r e qaivernents
ol
chemical
touca
cells thlf brealc down
tempereture
tnat
an mu mignt be
ystexcreted nutrient
an mosecuces
ce
release chermicals
energy
carbon diofide fexcrefet through Leng aerobic = chemical reastion in cells which mutrient molecules are bropen
down
( glucosetotugen using otugento
scarbondcoaidctwatrea
,
ercesswater & minerael ions through release E 더

icikney
anderobic of whichouet
release E
using O
=

anaerobic raspiration Tn micrwrgan

alcehol & carbon dioxide are produced by

culled yeest
 tepicl 로

a biving be cassified into

organisms c a n groups based on tneir shareduaracteristicss

Dichotomous key , tool used to ( dentitu

organisoms using a series of anestions 7
eacm with on
내 two answers

evolutionary relationships =
relatiousnip berween organism absed upon their evolution through time

aim ) refleEt tne

evolutionary relationshix between species

evidence
xstudu ma
래 pvove that difheret specFes share a common ancestor
enctinct species tnat evolved indifferent aways to produc -

now
-

mure new Species

고 or

L ) evicence ⇒ simiar bone

(3
more [
lusely relatad + o

[ forelimby + hen < 13 or E

a 1 omomoy
allshuve
.

ancestor at bottomot

free

bvA base sequence & classification evolutionaru frees

found tne nucleuso t CaIS

of imneritance in
molecule

more Cosely elaphed to spacies

species A & B are

fo species E
E & P than tney ave
topic 13

celis without nuclens

vertebrates = animals Without backboue backbone

invartebrates ← animals witn

have internal shceleton

s grous fish → cold bloodedf fertilisation extermal

fish - Tike Iarvae ftadpoles intime
rmatcn
in

amphibians > cold bloodedf egg lait in waterf fertilisation metamorphoseimto

adult

externall
reptiles > cold blooded fwhen temperature nigh 서선텐 | breath wtm
Lungsffertilisation internal

birds ywarm blooded / streamlined Shapeffertilsation internas

mammals s warm blowdedf extermal ear or pinna

cold blooded
usually
-

Arfhropods ( tupe of Invertebrates )

exeskeletobn
p
outside
L
jointlleg / hard sketon bodyl

Wings ( hard
insects > 2 pair Df
body Covered with ( uticles sprevent from
drying
arachnids > 2 bodu part fcnel ( ceraf prercing Pray ) padipalp - y Veproducing
sensitive + u touch & hemicals

crustaceans -

> 2 pair of antennaeln leg on tne head 1 efoskeleton harder than other arthropods fform carapaace

myriapods > divide into thorak eabdoman fhead distincf

Blant kingdonm
absorbs E from 5 <β notosynthesis )
Fevns & flowing plants sunligm

plants are
green ⇒ cause d bu presence of the
pigoment cnloropayiL ]
ㅇ

lOferns

have ( eaves < alled fronds

ponf produce insteadVerodule bu sporesE

3
flower
-

produced underside
of fronds

mon cotuledous peda

multiple
ㆍ 에
3
:

flowers
dicotuledonsimultiple 4 or 5 kedal

howto
distinguish
② flowing pcants
m ono cotuledous
:
Barallel lef Vei 서
-

Veproduced sexuay < flowers & Seeds )

leales

produced iuside tneovary

dicotuledons :
leatvainl
reticulated G
found at tme base of the fiower
thay are al ( nterconnected

anz ≤or m a web - iike

hetwork + urougmowt

dicotuledonse Leaf
the
divided inte 2 monocotuledous
groups
-

닌 ㅛ
wheat (plants sunfloawers
 mnlticelular
-

usually
not made from celulose
-

cells nave nusle ; & ce walls

xpmotoeynthesis / feek msapron + ic N parastic nutritio 아

Common cel strnctures

kaewoordecauing
material
uiving material

eg ) musmrooms ,
geast ,
mold

cell )
cytoplass [ basic fungi
cellsot living
membrane
-

most are unicellelar ( some are musticelular )

Cel
organism
have nuleus ( seme may nave cellwalls
)
-

( 오
,
cont 와 in material
bNA as genetic
& Ehloroplats )

meaning some protoctists ppotosyathesis and

found in nucleusor
fued
organil
ubstanllTmadepu
'
( protoctic cel ) seme or

free in tme
ytoplas
에

ouerliving tnings
-

cg ) Amoeba , paramecium

canimal cell ) ( plant cell

스
muticeular
-

( geneval cel ) all

maficeliular -

cel Lontain nneleus chloroplasts

,

cells
containt nuclens but
and callulose cel wal / s
ho ce 니 walls or cnloroplats
feet pnotosynthesis
bu
-

feed on organia

substancesJ
-

made by otner

iiwing Things

( aIse tupical bacteviace ( 1 )

main featuresot -

often knicelluiar

al prokaryotes - <

ell waus ( x cellulose ) & Eutoplasmm

mo nucleus or mitochonbria

& ribosomes ( for protein s( nthesis)

[ ell composition structure

enzymes ( for vespivation ) > found in mifocnondrla

animal

plant
5 Kingdom
fungi

protoctists ( 원생 생물 )

Procaryotes ( 원핵생물 )
 viruses

mof partot any lassification sestem

L 3 beceuse
tney are nof
iving fhings

donsg cary out theseven Iife processes ,

theg take owev a host' metaboliE Plethways
s Eel

fe make
copies of tnemselves

structure is simpu genet ;

-

c materlal [ PNA ,
RNA ) ( nside a
pVotein Coat .

Keus = uzed to ( dentitu

orgamisms based on series of
qnestions about their features

Dicnotomous 1 eads to user tnrougn fotucname 아 tne

oogan . sm n매 description
giving
atimeld
=
2 , at

branching inee 그
모 ach Choice lead f×

anotner 2 descripfion

고
to Succesful 내 nevigaete akey ,

mast pick a sTngle f6

organism
start withand follow tne statements froy

the
beginning until you finb a name

d
pick another

organisml
tnen

start from the beginning

unt ' l all organismis are

nemed
unit Z

animal < ell

-
multicellular

contain nucleus with aistinct membrale

-
no cellular celk walls

dont hare Enoroplasts ( x

photosyntuesis )
-

feed on
orgamic substunses

cell structuve
store
carbondudrate as
glucogen
-

-
bave Hervous coordination

can move from place fo pcace

plant cell

multicellular

nucles with distinct membrae

-

cel contain

have cel walis mabe of cellelose

cel contain Chloroplats ( o pnotosynthesis )

-

feed bu photasy utnesis

store Carbohudrate as starcu orsucrose

- x nervous Coordination

cell
Plelular
on 4 found cn
plant cel tanle

found in bot 에
Cel strulture ,
C
cel table
animal & plany