PRACTICE TEST 2

1. PHONETICS
A. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the rest.
1. A. decrease B. pleasure C. peaceful D. release
2. A. messenger B. prohibit C. fertilizer D. express
B. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others.
3. A original B. chemical C. industry D. influence
4. A. technology B. survival C. endangered D. favourite
II. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers to complete the questions that
follow.
The human species, one of millions of life forms on this planet, is threatening the existence of
many other species. Biological diversity, or biodiversity, is the variety of life forms that interact
to support and sustain the balance of nature.
As the human population grows, more and more of the Earth's living space, food, and other
resources are consumed. Explosive human population growth and consumption are causing loss
of biological diversity at an ever-increasing pace, and an extinction crisis that threatens to
surpass the mass extinctions that have occurred periodically during the Earth's history.
Never before have so many species been threatened with extinction in so short a period of time.
In fact, some scientists estimate that species are disappearing at the rate of one every day,
hundreds of times faster than the background rate of extinction.
What else is different about this mass extinction, in addition to how fast it is happening?
Scientists believe that other extinction events were caused by phenomena such as climate change
and collisions of asteroids or ted meteors with the Earth. After these events, new species evolved
so that they were able to adapt to the changed conditions. In contrast, modern extinctions are
being caused by human use of the Earth's resources.
If humans continue to destroy and degrade the habitat that for millions of years has supported
other life forms, it will be difficult for new species to evolve. Only species that can adapt
themselves to human- changed landscapes will be able to survive or evolve.
5. This passage is about_________.
A. human population growth B. the threat of extinctions of other species
C. biological diversity D. forest destruction
6. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. More people need more space, food, and other resources.
B. Human population growth is not the main reason leading to the extinction of other species.
C. Human population growth is causing harm to biological diversity.
D. The loss of biological diversity is being increased at a fast rate.
7. According to the passage, extinction events can be caused by these factors EXCEPT
A. climate change B. collisions of asteroids or meteors with the Earth
C. human destruction D. environmental pollution
8. If human continue to destroy the natural environment,________
A. it will be difficult for new species to evolve
B. they will have nothing to live on
C. many species have to evolve
D. they themselves will suffer from extinction
9. Where may you find this passage?
A. In a children's book.
B.In a sport magazine.
C. In the website of an environmental organization.
D. In an advertisement of a new 200.
III Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that fits the blanks in the following passage.
Many people cut trees all over the world. These are people who do not know they are
(10)________ themselves by their action. Recently, there was news about the destruction of lives
and property in Uttarakhand due to flash floods (11)_______. by a cloud burst. According to
ecologists and environmentalists, one of the main causes of this catastrophe was deforestation.
Actually, people cut trees for the sake of luxury and money.
Deforestation results (12)_______ global warming, droughts and famines. People should be
made aware of the ill (13)_______ of deforestation. Organizations like WWF (World Wildlife
Fund) should be encouraged in their efforts and guided in all possible ways to help promote
preservation of forest land. If deforestation continues at the current rate, a day will come when
the human (14)________. itself will be endangered.
10. A. protecting B.harming C. preventing D. contaminating
11. A. which caused B. which was caused C. were caused D.caused
12. A. in B. of C. from D. to
13. A effects B. affects C. affections D. effectiveness
14. A. nature B. people C. kind D.species
IV. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D.
15. Choose the answer that has the OPPOSITE meaning with the underlined word or phrase.
The new policy prohibits smoking on school grounds with no exception.
A. bans B. prevents C. allows D. passes
16. Choose the answer that has a SIMILAR meaning with the underlined word or phrase.
In our time, people depend on infinite energy to power their everyday lives.
A. powerful B. unlimited C. expensive D. popular
17. Choose the answer that has the SIMILAR meaning with the underlined word or phrase.
The staff in the City Post Office are always thoughtful and courteous to customers.
A. considerate and polite B. kind and beautiful
C. nice and professional D. friendly and arrogant
18. It's important for the developed countries to reduce energy._______as much as possible.
A. exhaustion B. consumption C. destruction D. limit
19. Many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction because the environment they are
living in has
greatly.
A. destroyed B changed C. disappeared D. influenced
20. People are adding more and more pollutants__________ the atmosphere
A. in B. to C. into D. up to
21. Man is killing___________species at an alarming rate every year just for getting fur, skin,
horn, tooth and meat.
A. up B. off C. out D. through
22. "Hi, Brian! How have you been? - "______"
A. I've been to Beijing recently. B Oh, pretty good. And you?
C. Oh, I've done a lot of things. D. Been there, done that.
23. He couldn't have known what was in the letter________he had written it himself.
A. until B. unless C. since D. when

24._________the fact that e-books have many good points, they are not yet popular.
A. Despite B. In spite C. Because of D. Although
25. He gave me great help________I am extremely grateful.
A. to which B. for which C. that D. which
26. Tommy complained to the hotel manager about the service but another woman had already
done so before him.
A. Tommy was the second person to complain about the service.
B. Tomy was the first person that complained about the service.
C. The woman was the second person to complain about the service.
D. Tommy was the second person that complain about the service.
27. A keystone species is a species of plant and animal_________absence has a major effect on an
ecological system.
A. which B. whose C. where D. with which
V. Choose the underlined word or phrase (A, B, C or D) in each sentence that needs correcting.
28. Tony had (A) such little money (B) that he couldn't (C) even buy a train ticket (D) for himself.
29. Pollutants can (A) be classed into eight categories, (B) each of which (C) present (D) its own set of
hazards.
30. Another serious problem (A) threatens (B) human life is the (C) dirtying and poisoning of air (D) and
water.
B. WRITING.
1. Use the correct form or tense of the verb in brackets.
1. I didn't hear the phone ring because I___________in the garden with my wife then. (sit)
2. I have just found some old letters that___________to me from Germany a long time ago. (send)
3. I don't remember_________of the decision to change the company policy on vacations. When was it
decided? (tell)
4. My brother was the only one___________the danger of trusting her. (realize)
5. By the time you come back here next year, work on the new subway__________. (complete)
II. Use the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. The emergency services searched all night for crash_______. (survive)
2. The health of our children is being__________by exhaust fumes (danger)
3. The government aims to improve public,________especially education and public health, in rural
areas. (serve)
4.__________say more action is needed to save elephants from extinction. (conserve)
5. Fossil fuels will be exhausted within a___________short time. (relate)
III. Rewrite the following sentences with the meaning unchanged.
1. John Graham's latest film is his first for more than five years. It is set in the north of Australia. (non-
defining relative clause)
→ John Graham's latest film,_________________________________________
2. Mr. Mark is unhappy with the plans for the new dam. The stream flows across his farm. (relative
clause)
→Mr. Mark, across
3. The children attended a special movie program consisting of popular cartoon characters such as
Mickey and Donald. (relative clause)
→________________________________________
4. Students mustn't bring mobile phones to school or use them in class. (passive voice)
→ Mobile phones____________________________
5. The fire was brought under control thanks to the night watchman.
→ Had it___________________________________