Geometric

Dimensioning And
Tolerancing (GD&T)
Introduction
By Coach Dinesh Kumar, SubMastery
Member Support Number +91 8800119525,
E-Mail - support@submastery.com
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 Table of Content

Introduction to what is GD&T

What is Geometry, Dimension & Tolerance

Why GD&T

Advantages of GD&T
 Introduction to what is GD&T
• Geometric Dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) is language
used on mechanical engineering drawings composed of
symbols that are used to efficiently and accurately
communicate geometry requirements for associated features
on component and assemblies.

• A method to specify the shape of a piece of hardware on

an engineering drawing.
 Introduction to what is GD&T
A set of fourteen symbols used in the language of GD&T It
consists of well- defined of symbols, rules, definitions and
conventions, used on engineering drawings to accurately
describe a part.

GD&T is a precise mathematical language that can be

used to describe the size form, orientation, and location
of part features.

GD&T is also a design philosophy on how to design and

dimension parts.
 What is Geometry, Dimension & Tolerance
Geometry
It is the science of the properties and relations of lines, surfaces and solids.
 What is Geometry, Dimension & Tolerance
Dimension
• A numerical value expressed in appropriate units of measure and used
to define the size, location geometric characteristics or surface texture
of a part.

• It is a measurable extent, as length, breadth and depth.

 What is Geometry, Dimension & Tolerance
Dimension Anatomy
 What is Geometry, Dimension & Tolerance
Tolerance

• It is a allowable variation in any measurable property.

• The total amount that features of the part are permitted

to vary from the specified dimension.

• The tolerance is the difference between the maximum

and minimum limits.
 What is Geometry, Dimension & Tolerance
Tolerance
• Two common methods to specify tolerances
– limit tolerances
– plus-minus tolerances numerical value expressed in appropriate units of measure
and used to define the size, location geometric characteristics or surface texture of
a part.

• It is a measurable extent, as length, breadth and depth.

•Tolerances can be applied directly to dimensioned features, using limit dimensioning.
•This is the ASME preferred method; the maximum and minimum sizes are specified as
part of the dimension.
Why GD&T ?
 Advantages of GD&T

1. Use of this 3. Provides

language or tool uniformity of
“can provide 2. Maximizes specification and
economic and quality of the interpretation
technical products. (reducing
advantage” guesswork and
stated the ASME. controversy)
 Advantages of GD&T
Notes Vs Symbols
Geometric dimensioning dramatically reduces the need for drawing notes to describe
complex geometry requirements on a component or assembly by the use of standard
symbology.
 Advantages of GD&T
Other Advantages
Discover problems in the design stage.
Ensure that parts will assemble.
Ensure that parts are inspected as intended.
Inspect parts more quickly.
Reduce scrap or rework
Make a replacement that fits into the assembly.
Make valid engineering calculations.
Have common parts across similar assemblies.
Design subassemblies in different locations and have them function correctly.
Do tolerance analysis to study the effect of part tolerances on the assembly.
Use state of the art software tools to analyze parts in an assembly
Use state of the art software tools to inspect the parts
And finally saves money.
Thanks
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