Gametes and genes

CB3a.3 Strengthen

Name Class Date

1 A zygote contains the genome of an organism.

a What is a genome? Tick one.

 all the DNA in  everything inside the  a description of  all the proteins
each cell in an cell membrane of what an organism inside the cells of
organism the cell looks like an organism

b The diagram below shows a zygote being formed in an organism that has two different types of
chromosome (short and long).

What process is happening in the diagram? Tick one.

 meiosis  mitosis  fertilisation  embryology

c On the diagram, label a zygote and a gamete.

d On the diagram, draw in the missing chromosomes.

S1 Draw a diagram to explain how a zygote’s genome is created.

2 A haploid cell contains one set of chromosomes.

a Name one of the cells in the diagram in question 1 that is haploid.
b How many sets of chromosomes does a diploid cell contain?
3 A chromosome contains a length of DNA. Certain sections of the DNA carry instructions.
a What are these sections called?
b What do they contain the instructions for?
4 a What process makes gametes?
b In this process, how many daughter cells does one cell produce?
c These daughter cells are described as being 1n. What does this mean?

d Why do the daughter cells need to be 1n?

e By what process does a zygote grow into an embryo?

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 B3a Progression Check
Q1. The diagram shows how embryonic stem cells are produced.

(a) (i) Describe how the cells produced by meiosis are different from body cells.
(2)
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      (ii) Describe what happens to the sex cells during fertilisation.
(2)
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(b) The diagram shows a section of a DNA molecule.

      (i) Describe the structure of a DNA molecule.

(3)
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      (ii) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a
(1)
   A   chromosome
   B   plasmid
   C   protein
   D   sugar
(Total for Question is 8 marks)