DNV CG 0285

CLASS GUIDELINE
DNVGL-CG-0285 Edition December 2018
Ultrasonic thickness measurements of ships
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DNV GL AS
FOREWORD
DNV GL class guidelines contain methods, technical requirements, principles and acceptance
criteria related to classed objects as referred to from the rules.
© DNV GL AS December 2018
Any comments may be sent by e-mail to rules@dnvgl.com
If any person suffers loss or damage which is proved to have been caused by any negligent act or omission of DNV GL, then DNV GL shall
pay compensation to such person for his proved direct loss or damage. However, the compensation shall not exceed an amount equal to ten
times the fee charged for the service in question, provided that the maximum compensation shall never exceed USD 2 million.
In this provision "DNV GL" shall mean DNV GL AS, its direct and indirect owners as well as all its affiliates, subsidiaries, directors, officers,
employees, agents and any other acting on behalf of DNV GL.
CHANGES – CURRENT
Changes - current
This document supersedes the March 2016 edition of DNVGL-CG-0285.
Changes in this document are highlighted in red colour. However, if the changes involve a whole chapter,
section or subsection, normally only the title will be in red colour.
Changes December 2018

Topic Reference Description
Removal of DNV GL additional App.B [2] The calculation example has been updated.
requirements for thickness
measurement operators Sec.1 Objective, scope and application have been added. In addition,
compared to IACS Z17 and a reference to IACS UR Z10.1 to 10.5 has been included for
competitors CSR vessels.
Sec.2 [1] The reference to approval of service supplier scheme DNVGL-

CP-0484 has been updated.
Sec.3 [1] Requirement for two UTM operators has been deleted.
Sec.4 [6] Use of Pegasus reporting system is mandatory, but for vessels
undergoing class and CAP survey at the same time, Excel
based reporting may be agreed upon, based on practical
considerations.
Sec.5 Previous Sec.5 Requirements for the UTM company has been
removed. Content is included in Sec.3.
Sec.5 Heading and references have been updated in order to

harmonize with DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4].
Editorial corrections
In addition to the above stated changes, editorial corrections may have been made.
Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 3

DNV GL AS
CONTENTS
Contents
Changes – current.................................................................................................. 3
Section 1 Introduction............................................................................................ 6
1 Objective..............................................................................................6
2 Scope................................................................................................... 6
3 Application........................................................................................... 6
4 References........................................................................................... 6
5 Definitions and abbreviations.............................................................. 7
Section 2 Terms and abbreviations......................................................................... 9

1 General................................................................................................ 9
Section 3 Basic requirements................................................................................11

1 General.............................................................................................. 11
Section 4 Procedure for class surveys and thickness measurements onboard

ships..................................................................................................................... 12
1 DNV GL surveyor to be onboard........................................................ 12
2 Kick-off meeting................................................................................ 12
3 Requirements for cleaning.................................................................12
4 Means of access.................................................................................14
5 Execution of the thickness measurements on board.......................... 16
6 Reporting........................................................................................... 17
Section 5 Extent of thickness measurements........................................................19

1 General.............................................................................................. 19
2 All ships - minimum thickness measurements................................... 19
3 General dry cargo ships subject to extended hull survey
requirements– measurements i.w.o. close-up inspections.................... 25
requirements- minimum thickness measurements............................... 30
5 Single skin bulk carriers ESP - measurements i.w.o. close-up
inspections............................................................................................34
6 Single skin bulk carriers ESP - minimum thickness measurements.... 43
7 Double skin bulk carriers ESP - measurements i.w.o. close-up
inspections............................................................................................52
8 Double skin bulk carriers ESP - minimum thickness
measurements...................................................................................... 62
9 Single hull oil tankers, ore/oil ships ESP – measurements in way of
close-up................................................................................................ 67

DNV GL AS
10 Single hull oil tankers, ore/oil ships ESP - minimum thickness
Contents
measurements...................................................................................... 74
11 Double hull oil tankers, double hull chemical tankers, ESP -
measurements in way of close-up inspections..................................... 79
12 Double hull oil tankers, double hull chemical tankers ESP -
minimum thickness measurements...................................................... 88
13 Liquefied gas tanker – close-up examination...................................94
14 Liquefied gas tanker - minimum thickness measurements...............98
Section 6 Thickness measurement pattern......................................................... 104

1 Number of measurement points per plate and averaging.................104
2 Transverse sections......................................................................... 106
3 Bulkheads and web frames..............................................................106
4 Measurements i.w.o. close-up inspections....................................... 106
5 Figures with location of measurement points all ships - transverse
section................................................................................................ 107
6 Mapping of areas with substantial corrosion................................... 112
Appendix A Kick-off meeting – agenda and minutes of meeting........................ 113
Appendix B Calculation of average thickness reduction in deck and bottom.

Verification of longitudinal strength................................................................... 115
1 General............................................................................................ 115
2 Example........................................................................................... 115
Appendix C Guidelines for measurements of side frames in bulk carriers.......... 118

1 General............................................................................................ 118
2 Zones of side shell frames and brackets..........................................118
3 Pitting and grooving........................................................................ 118
4 Gauging methodology...................................................................... 119
Appendix D Nomenclature for structures...........................................................122

1 Bulk carriers.................................................................................... 122
2 Tankers............................................................................................ 124
Changes – historic.............................................................................................. 129

DNV GL AS
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION
Section 1
1 Objective
The objective of this class guideline is to describe methods and procedures for ultrasonic thickness
measurements (UTM) performed in connection with class surveys. The purpose of UTM is to perform non-
destructive measurement of local thickness of ship structures. Thickness measurements are an essential part
of class surveys as corroded steel plates may look perfectly acceptable even at close-up distance, see Figure
1.
Figure 1 Steel plates in the deck being replaced after UTM.
2 Scope
This class guideline provides guidance to class requirements for thickness measurements. In case of
discrepancies between this document and the rules for classification, the rules shall prevail. Condition
assessment program (CAP) is not covered by this class guideline.
3 Application
This class guideline applies to all types of steel ships classed with the Society, except for CSR vessels. For
CSR vessels, see IACS UR Z10.1 to 10.5. This class guideline (CG) is intended for ship owners, operators,
yards and service suppliers approved for thickness measurements of ship's structure and will provide a
common understanding of the procedures for ultrasonic thickness measurements (UTM) related to class
surveys.
4 References
Table 1 DNV GL documents
Document code Title
DNVGL-CG-0182 Allowable thickness diminution for hull structure
DNVGL-CP-0484 DNV GL approval of service supplier scheme

DNV GL AS
Section 1
5 Definitions and abbreviations
5.1 Definition of verbal forms

Table 2 Definition of verbal forms
Term Description
verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the
shall
document
verbal form used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as
should
particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others
may verbal form used to indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of the document
5.2 Definition of terms

See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.1 for additional definitions.
Table 3 Definition of terms
Term Definition
service suppliers approved to do thickness measurements for class onboard all steel ship
category I
classed by the Society
service suppliers approved by the Society to do thickness measurements onboard fishing

category II
vessels of all sizes and non-ESP ships below 500 GT
an extent of corrosion that exceeds the allowable limit, so that steel shall be replaced, see
excessive corrosion
Sec.2 Figure 1
an extent of corrosion consisting of hard and/or loose scale, including pitting, over 70% or
extensive corrosion
more of the area under consideration, accompanied by evidence of thickness diminution
list of minimum acceptable thickness values for the structural parts of a ship
minimum thickness list An individual list will be made by the Society for 1A1 ships. For 100A5 ships it is
incorporated in the Pegasus report system in the form of generic formula.
where less than 25 % of the corrosion margin is left, yet thickness is higher than for
substantial corrosion
excessive corrosion, see Sec.2 Figure 1, Tsubst

DNV GL AS
Section 1
Figure 2 Extent of corrosion
5.3 Abbreviations
Table 4 Abbreviations
Abbreviations Description
Condition assessment program. Voluntary hull condition survey, where a ship's hull,
machinery or piping system is given one of the following ratings;
1) very good condition
CAP
2) good condition
3) satisfactory condition
4) poor condition (below acceptable class standard).
Condition assessment scheme. Increased survey/reporting scope, where the Society will
send a hull condition report to the flag state for their acceptance to let the ship continue
CAS
trading. Applies to single skin tankers >15 years on their first intermediate or renewal
survey after 5th of April 2005.
EHSR Extended hull survey requirements
Enhanced survey program. Requirements for planning, execution and reporting for hull
ESP
surveys of oil/chemical tankers, obo and bulk carriers.
Minimum allowable thickness. Calculated by the Society and entered into a minimum
Tmin thickness list. If a steel plate or profile corrodes to a thickness less than this value, it
normally shall be replaced.
Ultrasonic thickness measurements. Used to determine the thickness of steel plates and
UTM
profiles.

DNV GL AS
SECTION 2 TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Section 2
1 General
See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.1 for additional definitions.
Table 1 Definitions of terms
Term Definitions
service suppliers approved to do thickness measurements for class onboard all steel ship
category I
classed by the Society
service suppliers approved by the Society to do thickness measurements onboard fishing

category II
vessels of all sizes and non-ESP ships below 500 GT
an extent of corrosion that exceeds the allowable limit, so that steel must be replaced, see
excessive corrosion
Figure 1
extensive corrosion
list of minimum acceptable thickness values for the structural parts of a ship
minimum thickness list An individual list will be made by the Society for 1A1 ships. For 100A5 ships it is
incorporated in the Pegasus report system in the form of generic formula.
where less than 25 % of the corrosion margin is left, yet thickness is higher than for
substantial corrosion
excessive corrosion, see Figure 1, Tsubst
Figure 1 Extent of corrosion

DNV GL AS
Table 2 Abbreviations
Section 2
Abbreviations Description
Condition assessment program. Voluntary hull condition survey, where a ship's hull,
machinery or piping system is given one of the following ratings;
1) very good condition
CAP
2) good condition
3) satisfactory condition
4) poor condition (below acceptable class standard).
Condition assessment scheme. Increased survey/reporting scope, where the Society will
send a hull condition report to the flag state for their acceptance to let the ship continue
CAS
trading. Applies to single skin tankers >15 years on their first intermediate or renewal
survey after 5th of April 2005.
EHSR Extended hull survey requirements
Enhanced survey program. Requirements for planning, execution and reporting for hull
ESP
surveys of oil/chemical tankers, obo and bulk carriers.
Minimum allowable thickness. Calculated by the Society and entered into a minimum
Tmin thickness list. If a steel plate or profile corrodes to a thickness less than this value, it will
normally have to be replaced.
Ultrasonic thickness measurements. Used to determine the thickness of steel plates and
UTM
profiles.
Table 3 DNV GL documents
Document code Title
DNVGL-CG-0182 Allowable thickness diminution for hull structure
DNVGL-CP-0484 DNVGL approval of service supplier scheme

DNV GL AS
SECTION 3 BASIC REQUIREMENTS
Section 3
1 General
1) All thickness measurements done onboard DNV GL ships, where the results are used by the class
surveyor to evaluate the strength, shall be done by a DNV GL approved service supplier with a valid DNV
GL certificate. For a list of valid service suppliers, see http://www.approvalfinder.dnvgl.com.
For more information regarding approval of service supplier, see DNVGL-CP-0484 App.A [1].
2) The attendence of the DNV GL surveyor during thickness measurements done for class, as described in
point 1, shall be required to the extent necessary to control the process.
3) DNV GL have specific requirements to access and cleaning to be prepared for close-up surveys combined
with UTM (see Sec.4 [3] and Sec.4 [4]). Access and cleaning is owner's responsibility.
4) Prior to every major thickness measurement project onboard, such as for intermediate or renewal
survey, a meeting between DNV GL, the service supplier and the owner shall be held. If a thickness
measurement project is divided up in separate smaller UTM jobs, a new meeting shall be held prior to
each job.
5) Only multiple echo instruments may be used for UTM onboard all ships.
6) There are two categories of service suppliers. Category I are service suppliers approved to do thickness
measurements for class onboard all steel ships classed by the society. Category II are service suppliers
approved by the society to do thickness measurements onboard fishing vessels of all sizes and non-ESP
ships below 500 GT.
7) All operators in category I companies doing measurements onboard DNV GL ships shall be qualified
and registered at the certifying DNV GL local station. They shall be able to communicate in English and
to understand ship's main hull drawings. If subcontractors are used, they shall be subcontracted from
another DNV GL certified company. Otherwise the operators will be rejected.
8) The surveyor onboard shall be kept continuously informed about discovered areas with under minimum
thickness (including substantial corrosion), and other structural defects such as cracks, grooving and
buckling.
9) Based on the test results, it is up to the surveyors discretion to order additional measurements.
10) A DNV GL electronic reporting form shall be used for all the thickness measurement reports made
by category I UTM companies. The form can be downloaded from https://www.dnvgl.com/maritime/
utm.html.
11) The thickness measurement report made by category I companies shall be filled in throughout the
project and results made available to the surveyor onboard. A preliminary report shall be given to the
attending DNV GL surveyor before leaving the ship.
12) The final thickness measurement report for category I ships shall be issued within 2 weeks after the
thickness measurement job is completed.

DNV GL AS
SECTION 4 PROCEDURE FOR CLASS SURVEYS AND THICKNESS
Section 4
MEASUREMENTS ONBOARD SHIPS
1 DNV GL surveyor to be onboard

A DNV GL surveyor shall be onboard, to the extent he or she finds necessary to control the process, when
thickness measurements are done for class. Measurements which have not been carried out in co-operation
with DNV GL can not be accepted. The UTM company shall inform the owner accordingly. See DNVGL-RU-
SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.1 [2.2]. This applies to all steel ships where the measurements will form the basis for
the surveyor's decisions during class surveys. Thickness measurements which per rules are required in
connection with close-up examination (such as web frames and transverse bulkheads), shall always be taken
with the surveyor in attendance.
When onboard, the operator/supervisor shall have his certificate and identification papers readily available for
verification.
The operator shall notify the DNV GL surveyor of any structural deficiencies, such as cracks, indents, buckling
or abnormal measurements detected.
2 Kick-off meeting
The DNV GL rules for classification of ships require a meeting for planning of the thickness measurements,
including owners representative, UTM company and DNV GL, see DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.1 [2.1.6].
See App.A, for an agenda/minutes of meeting form to be used for these meetings. The meeting shall clarify
initial scope of close-up examination and thickness measurements.
At the meeting, unless requested earlier, the surveyor will hand over the minimum thickness list. For ESP
ships it may be found in the survey programme. The minimum thickness list is individual for each and every
ship, and shall always be made by DNV GL. Upon receiving the minimum thickness list, the UTM operators
shall enter the minimum thickness values into the UTM report template, prior to commencing thickness
measurements, in order to facilitate the evaluation of the results on a day by day basis onboard.
3 Requirements for cleaning

Cleaning is the owner's responsibility. The owners should ensure that efficient means for de-scaling is
available at the survey, i.e. hydro or sandblasting equipment. When satisfactory de-scaling may not be
arranged, the surveyor will only be able to provide a preliminary specification of necessary upgrading,
without crediting the tank. A new survey will be carried out after de-scaling, additional thickness
measurements may be required and the scope of repairs extended.

DNV GL AS
Section 4
Figure 1 Optimal conditions for inspection: grit blasted, dry and clean, with all sediments, loose
coating and rust flakes removed. Thickness reductions and cracks are easily spotted with the
naked eye.
Figure 2 Unacceptable conditions for inspection: insufficient cleaning and preparation.
Please note that the DNV GL rules for classification of ships do have requirements to the cleanliness during
surveys, see DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.1 [2.1.1]
In preparation for survey and to allow for a thorough examination, all spaces and areas shall be cleaned
including removal from surfaces of all loose accumulated corrosion scale. In tanks where soft coatings have
been applied, representative areas, and those areas where it is obvious that further close-up examination is
required, shall be cleaned free of soft coating.
See IACS UR Z7 Ch.5.1.3.

DNV GL AS
Guidance note:
Section 4
Spaces should be sufficiently clean and free from water, scale, dirt, oil residues etc. to reveal corrosion, deformation, fractures,
damage, or other structural deterioration. However, those areas of structure whose renewal has already been decided by the
owner need only be cleaned and de-scaled to the extent necessary to determine the limits of the renewed areas. For more detailed
information with regard to a tank where soft coatings have been applied, see IACS Recommendation No. 44.
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4 Means of access
Figure 3 Temporary staging during renewal survey of an oil tanker
Access is the owner's responsibility.

See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.1 [2.1.3]. All spaces shall be made safe for access i.e. gas freed,
ventilated and illuminated, and prepared for the surveyor to examine the structure in a safe and practical
way. One or more of the following means for access, acceptable to the surveyor shall be provided:
— permanent staging and passages through structures
— temporary staging and passages through structures, see Figure 3
— lifts and moveable platforms
— boats or rafts
— portable ladders
— other equivalent means.

DNV GL AS
Section 4
Figure 4 Rafting
See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.1 [2.1.4]:

Rafts or boats alone may be allowed for survey of the under deck areas for tanks or spaces, if the depth of
the webs is 1.5 m or less, see Figure 4 and Figure 5.
Figure 5 Depth of web frame
If the depth of the webs is more than 1.5 m, rafts or boats alone may be allowed only:
a) when the coating of the under deck structure is in good condition and there is no evidence of wastage or
b) if a permanent means of access is provided in each bay to allow safe entry and exit. This means:
— access directly from deck via a vertical ladder and a small platform fitted approximately two m below
the deck in each bay, or
— access to deck from a longitudinal permanent platform having ladders to deck in each end of the
tank. The platform shall, for full length of the tank, be arranged in level with, or above, the maximum
water level needed for rafting of under deck structure. For this purpose, the ullage corresponding to
the maximum water level is to be assumed not more than three m from deck plate measured at the
midspan of deck transverse and in the middle length of the tank.

DNV GL AS
If neither of the above conditions are met, then staging or other equivalent means of access shall be
Section 4
provided for the survey of the under deck areas.
The use of rafts or boats alone does not preclude the use of boats or rafts to move about within the tank
during a survey.
Note:
See IACS Recommendation No. 39 - Guidelines for the use of Boats or Rafts for close-up survey.
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Note:
Use of remote technique methods to facilitate the required internal examinations, including close-up examinations and
thickness measurements, may be specially considered by the Society. The methods applied shall provide the information
normally obtained from a survey carried out by the surveyor.
In order to verify the results, confirmatory close-up examinations and thickness measurements at selected locations shall be
carried out by the surveyor, not using the remote inspection technique method.
Proposals for use of remote inspection technique methods shall be submitted to the Society for acceptance in advance of the
survey.
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One example of other equivalent means may be to use temporary, portable staging fitted between the
flanges of two web frames, with partial filling of the tank (with a water level well below the web frames) for
safety.
Figure 6 Climbers in action, doing survey on a web frame
Alternatives with climbers doing thickness measurements while carrying a camera, in order to let the
surveyor do the close-up survey by watching a monitor onboard, will only be accepted on a case by case
basis, and shall be clarified with DNV GL well in advance of the survey. DNV GL do have climbers performing
climbing survey, see Figure 6.
5 Execution of the thickness measurements on board.

Prior to commencing the thickness measurements, the surveyor shall:
— check type of equipment and verify that the equipment is calibrated according to recognized national/
international standards and properly labelled
— witness calibration appropriate for size and type of material
— be satisfied with operator’s competence and documentation.
The operators shall keep the equipment and required certificates ready for inspection at commencement of
measurements. For requirements to equipment and operators, see Sec.3.
The surveyor will direct the gauging operation by selecting locations such that readings taken represent, on
average, the condition of the structure for that area.

DNV GL AS
Thickness measurements mainly to evaluate the extent of corrosion which may affect the hull girder strength
Section 4
(transverse sections), should be carried out in a systematic manner of all longitudinal, structural members.
See Sec.5 for a figure showing correct pattern. The surveyor should be in attendance during this process.
The location of the sections longitudinally shall be decided by the surveyor, and will normally be decided
after deck and bottom plating has been measured, where required, in order to determine which areas have
corroded the most. The sections should be placed where the upper and lower plating has corroded the most.
One transverse section will normally be placed amidship.
Thickness measurements of structures in areas where close-up surveys are required should be carried out
simultaneously with the close-up surveys in order to facilitate a meaningful survey.
The surveyor may specially consider the extent of thickness measurements of certain structures, within
spaces where the protective coating is found to be in GOOD condition, but there are restrictions to how much
of the measurements may be reduced. In any case, clarify with the surveyor in each case.
The thickness measurement operators shall keep the surveyor continuously informed (e.g. at the end of each
day of measurements) about measurement results and structural deficiencies found, such as excessive or
substantial corrosion, cracks, indents or buckling. If doubler plates used as repairs are discovered inside oil
tanks or on oil/water boundary plating or stiffeners, this shall also be informed to the surveyor.
Where thickness measurements indicate substantial corrosion or excessive diminution, the UTM company
shall contact the DNV GL surveyor onboard in order to get directions for additional thickness measurements,
in order to map the areas of substantial corrosion, and to identify structural members for repairs/renewals.
DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4], Tables of close-up examinations and thickness measurements and
Sec.5, details how such areas shall be mapped.
Upon completion of the thickness measurements, the surveyor must have confirmed that no further gauging
is needed, before the job of taking measurements can be regarded as completed. The rule requirements
detailed in Sec.3 are always to be considered the minimum scope for thickness measurements.
Upon completion of the thickness measurements onboard, the surveyor shall verify the preliminary thickness
measurement report. The preliminary report should be kept until the final report has been verified and
signed. For category I ships a copy of the preliminary report shall be given to the attending surveyor before
leaving the ship, see also [6] for reporting procedures.
6 Reporting
Procedures for reporting are given in DNVGL-CP-0484 App.A [1].
Note:
Use of Pegasus reporting system is mandatory, but for vessels undergoing class and CAP survey at the same time, Excel based
reporting may be agreed upon, based on practical considerations.
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Instructions for how to obtain Pegasus, see https://www.dnvgl.com/maritime/utm.html.

DNV GL AS
Section 4
Figure 7 Pegasus sample
Prior to commencement, the UTM company shall enter the original thickness and minimum thickness values
for the structural parts to be measured into the report format. All these values will be stated in the minimum
thickness list, which shall be prepared by DNV GL. For this list or information thereof, consult with attending
DNVGL surveyor.
Upon completion of the measurements onboard, a digital copy of the preliminary report, with all
measurements entered, shall be given to the attending surveyor before the UTM company leave the ship.
Sketches showing the location of measurement points shall also be given to the surveyor, but need not be
digital.
Final report shall be sent to DNV GL no later than two weeks after the measurements are finished. The final
report shall consist of one digital copy and one paper copy or digital copy in non-editable form (e.g. a pdf
file). Content of the paper copy or the non-editable digital copy should be as for the preliminary report, with
integrated sketches showing measurement points, but in addition it shall contain a front page with a stamp
and signature from the operator and the attending surveyor. The front page shall inform about date and
place of measurements, number of pages in the report and which company did the measurements, see UTM
template at https://www.dnvgl.com/maritime/utm.html for an example of front page.
Pegasus is calculating the diminution of the deck and bottom flanges as per the IACS requirements. For oil/
chemical tankers longer than 130 m, only deck plating + longitudinals and bottom plating + longitudinals
shall be considered, see IACS UR Z10.4.
See App.B, for a guide on how to manually calculate average corrosion in deck and bottom, where this is
demanded by the surveyor.

DNV GL AS
SECTION 5 EXTENT OF THICKNESS MEASUREMENTS
Section 5
1 General
The rule requirements to the extent of thickness measurements for ships are specified in DNVGL-RU-SHIP
Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4] Tables of close-up examination and measurements. Each table will correspond to one
specific ship type. All illustrations are given in [2] to [14].
The requirements vary with ship type, age and survey type, and may generally be divided in three groups:
1) Thickness measurements including requirements of shell plating and transverse sections, to help
evaluate the overall strength of the ship. The requirements cannot be waived due to GOOD coating, but
the extent of measurement points may be reduced to some extent. What may be reduced shall always
be decided by the surveyor, who may also decide to increase the scope based on findings onboard.
The requirements are given in [2], [4], [6], [8], [10], [12] and [14] below, depending on ship type.
Measurement pattern (number of measurement points per structural part) is described in Sec.6.
2) Measurements for assessment of corrosion level in way of close-up inspections. A guideline for initial
extent of measurements is given in [3], [5], [7], [9], [11] and [13] below, pending on ship type.
The requirements may be reduced in case original coating is in GOOD condition, to be decided by the
surveyor. The surveyor may also decide to increase the scope based on findings onboard. Measurement
pattern (number of measurement points per structural part) is described in Sec.6.
3) Mapping of areas found with substantial corrosion areas found with substantial corrosion, as defined in
DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.1 [2.2.6], at previous surveys or through the measurements described
in [2] and [3], should be subject to intensive measurements. The required measurement pattern is
thoroughly defined in DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4].
2 All ships - minimum thickness measurements

See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4.1] for minimum thickness measurements for all ships.
The following figures shall only be used as guidelines.
Renewal survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Suspect areas only.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Main deck plating.
Renewal survey no.3

Age 10 - 15 years
Transverse sections in way of cargo area within 0.5 L amidship.
Cargo hold hatch covers and coamings (plating and stiffeners).

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Internals in ballast peak tank. Internals in ballast aft peak.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Main deck plating.
Hatch covers and coamings (plates and stiffeners).
Wind- and water strakes.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Strakes of transverse bulkheads in cargo spaces together with internals in way.
Plating of sea chests and shell plating in way of

Keel plates and bottom plates.
overboard discharges.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Superstructure deck plating (poop, bridge and forecastle deck).
Internals of forepeak and aft peak ballast tanks.

DNV GL AS
Section 5
requirements– measurements i.w.o. close-up inspections
See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4.2.1] for close-up inspections of general dry cargo ship subject to
extended hull survey requirements (EHSR).
The following pictures are only to be used as guidelines. It is the relevant rules for classification of ships that
give the exact requirements.
Renewal survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Note:
At renewal survey no.1, thickness measurements are only applicable in way of suspect areas, if any.
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Cargo hold transverse bulkheads- plating, stiffeners and

girders.
Cargo hold transverse shell frames.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Deck plating and under deck structure inside line of hatch openings between cargo hold hatches.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years

girders.
Ballast tanks transverse bulkheads, including stiffening

Ballast tanks transverse web frames with associated plating
system.
and frames.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Inner bottom plating.
Renewal survey no.3

Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Deck plating and under deck structure inside line of hatch Cargo hold transverse shell frames.
openings between cargo hold hatches.

system.
girders.
Ballast tanks transverse web frames with associated plating

and frames.
Inner bottom plating.

DNV GL AS
Section 5
requirements- minimum thickness measurements
See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4.2.2] for minimum thickness measurements of general dry cargo
ships subject to EHRS.
The following figures shall only be used as guidelines. It is the relevant rules for classification of ships that
Renewal survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Suspect areas only.
Renewal survey no.2

Age 5 - 10 years
Main deck plating.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Transverse Sections in way of cargo area within 0.5 L amidship.
Main deck plating and wind and water strakes.
Internals in forepeak ballast tank. Internals in aftpeak ballast tank.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Three complete sections.
Main deck plating.
All wind and water strakes, port and starboard full length.
All keel plates full length. Duct keel and pipe tunnel.
All bottom plates.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Superstructure deck plating (poop, bridge and forecastle

deck).
Plating of sea chests. Shell plating in way of overboard discharges as considered necessary by the attending surveyor.

DNV GL AS
Section 5
5 Single skin bulk carriers ESP - measurements i.w.o. close-up
inspections
See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4.3.1] for areas subject to close-up examinations.
Renewal survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Note:
---e-n-d---o-f---n-o-t-e---

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.1
Section 5
Age ≤ 5 years
Note:
---e-n-d---o-f---n-o-t-e---
Cargo hold transverse bulkheads, plating, stiffeners and girders, including internal structures of upper and lower stools,
where fitted.
Ballast tanks transverse web frames with associated plating and longitudinals.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Deck plating and the structure under the deck inside line of hatch openings between cargo holds hatches.

DNV GL AS
Section 5
Cargo hold transverse shell frames in forward cargo hold. Cargo hold transverse shell frames in remaining cargo
holds.
Cargo hold transverse bulkheads, plating, stiffeners and

girders, including internal structures of upper and lower
stools, where fitted. Ballast tanks transverse bulkheads, including stiffening
system.

DNV GL AS
Section 5
Renewal survey no.3

Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Deck plating and the structure under deck inside line of hatch openings between cargo holds hatches.

Cargo hold transverse shell frames. girders, including internal structures of upper and lower stools,
where fitted.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years

system. Ballast tanks transverse web frames with associated plating
and longitudinals.
Renewal survey no.4

Age > 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age > 15 years

Cargo hold transverse shell frames. girders, including internal structures of upper and lower stools,
where fitted.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age > 15 years
Ballast tanks transverse bulkheads, including stiffening Ballast tanks transverse web frames with associated plating
system. and longitudinal.

DNV GL AS
Section 5
6 Single skin bulk carriers ESP - minimum thickness measurements
See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4.3.2] for areas subject to minimum thickness measurements.
Renewal survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Suspect areas.
Renewal survey no.2

Age 5 – 10 years
Transverse section within cargo area.

Wind- and water strakes in way of transverse sections.
Vertically corrugated transverse bulkhead between cargo hold no.1 and 2. (Ships subject to IACS UR S19).

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 – 10 years
Side shell frames and brackets (for ships subjected to IACS UR S31, see DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4).

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Internals in ballast peak tanks.
Vertically corrugated transverse bulkhead between cargo hold no. 1 and 2. (Ships subject to IACS UR S19).

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Side shell frames and brackets (for ships subject to IACS UR S31, see DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4).

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Transverse sections within the cargo area.
Main deck plating.
Keel plates and bottom plates. Duct keel and pipe tunnel.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Sea chests and shell plating in way of overboard discharges.
Vertically corrugated transverse bulkhead between cargo hold no.1 and 2. (Ships subject to IACS UR S19).

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Side shell frames and brackets (for ships subject to IACS UR S31, see rules DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4).

DNV GL AS
Section 5
7 Double skin bulk carriers ESP - measurements i.w.o. close-up
inspections
See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4.4.1] for areas subject to close-up examination.
Renewal survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Note:
---e-n-d---o-f---n-o-t-e---
Cargo hold hatch covers and coamings, plating and stiffeners.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.1
Section 5
Age ≤ 5 years
Note:
---e-n-d---o-f---n-o-t-e---
Cargo hold transverse bulkheads – plating, stiffeners and girders, including internal structures of upper and lower stools,
where fitted.
Renewal survey no.2

Age 5 - 10 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Ordinary transverse frames in double side tanks.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Cargo hold transverse bulkheads – plating, stiffeners and girders, including internal structures of upper and lower stools,
where fitted.
Ballast tanks transverse bulkheads, including stiffening system.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
where fitted.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age > 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age > 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age > 15 years
where fitted.

DNV GL AS
Section 5
8 Double skin bulk carriers ESP - minimum thickness measurements
Renewal survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Suspect areas.
Renewal survey no.2

Age 5-10 years

Wind- and water strakes in way of transverse sections.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Section 5
Renewal survey no.4
Age 15 > years
Main deck plating.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years

DNV GL AS
Section 5
9 Single hull oil tankers, ore/oil ships ESP – measurements in way
of close-up.
Renewal survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Deck transverse including adjacent deck structural members.
Transverse web frame rings including adjacent structural members.

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.1
Section 5
Age ≤ 5 years
Transverse bulkheads including girder system and adjacent structural members.
Renewal survey no.2

Age 5 - 10 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Bottom transverse including adjacent bottom structural members.
Renewal Survey no.4

Age 15 > years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Bottom transverse including adjacent bottom structural members.

DNV GL AS
Section 5
10 Single hull oil tankers, ore/oil ships ESP - minimum thickness
measurements
Renewal Survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Structural members subjected to close-up examination according to the Rules for Classification of Ships.
Renewal Survey no.2

Age 5 - 10 years
Transverse section within cargo area
Main deck plating

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Renewal Survey no.3

Age 10 - 15 years
Main deck plating
Wind and water strakes.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Renewal Survey no.4

Age 15 > years
Main deck plating.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years

Sea chests and shell plating in way of overboard
discharges.
Superstructure deck plating (poop, bridge and forecastle deck

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Internals in ballast peak tanks

DNV GL AS
Section 5
11 Double hull oil tankers, double hull chemical tankers, ESP -
measurements in way of close-up inspections
Renewal Survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Transverse double hull web frames, including adjacent structural members.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.1
Section 5
Age ≤ 5 years
Lower part of transverse bulkhead.
Renewal Survey no.2

Age 5 - 10 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Transverse double hull web frame, including adjacent structural members.
Transverse bulkheads including girder system and adjacent structural member.
Lower partof transverse bulkhead.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Transverse double hull web frame, including adjacent structural members.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Transverse web frames including adjacent structural members.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years

Transverse double hull web frames including adjacent structural members.
Transverse web frames including girder system and adjacent structural member.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Transverse web frames including girder system and adjacent structural members.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Transverse bulkheads including adjacent bottom structural members.

DNV GL AS
Section 5
12 Double hull oil tankers, double hull chemical tankers ESP -
minimum thickness measurements
See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4 [4.6.2] for areas subject to minimum thickness measurement.
Renewal Survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Transverse section within the cargo area:

One section of deck plating for the full beam of the ship
Renewal Survey no.2

Age 5 - 10 years
Transverse section within cargo area - One complete section

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Main deck plating. All - within the cargo area
Wind- and water strakes. Selected outside the cargo area
Renewal Survey no.3

Age 10 - 15 years
Transverse sections within the cargo area

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Main deck plating. All - within the cargo area
Wind- and water strakes. All - within the cargo area.
Wind- and water strakes. Selected outside the cargo area

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Renewal Survey no.4

Age 15 > years
Main deck plating. All - within the cargo area. All exposed - outside the cargo area.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Wind- and water strakes. All - full length.
Keel plates and bottom plates. Sea chests and shell plating in way of overboard discharges.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years

DNV GL AS
Section 5
13 Liquefied gas tanker – close-up examination
Renewal Survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Ballast tank transverse bulkheads, including girder systems and adjacent structural members.
'
Ballast tanks transverse web frames, including adjacent structural members.

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age > 15 years

DNV GL AS
Section 5
14 Liquefied gas tanker - minimum thickness measurements
Renewal Survey no.1

Age ≤ 5 years
Transverse section within cargo area:

One section of deck plating for the full beam.
Renewal Survey no.2

Age 5 - 10 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.2
Section 5
Age 5 - 10 years
Main deck plating
Renewal Survey no.3

Age 10 - 15 years

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.3
Section 5
Age 10 - 15 years
Main deck plating

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Main deck plating

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years
Superstructure deck plating (poop, bridge and forecastle deck)

DNV GL AS
Renewal Survey no.4
Section 5
Age 15 > years

DNV GL AS
SECTION 6 THICKNESS MEASUREMENT PATTERN
Section 6
1 Number of measurement points per plate and averaging
Measurements shall be taken at the forward, middle and aft area of all plates, minimum 3 measurements per
plate. This applies for e.g. deck, bottom and wind- and water strakes. See Figure 1.
Note:
Requirements at CAP surveys may be stricter, e.g. one measurement in the middle of each plate and one in each corner.
---e-n-d---o-f---n-o-t-e---
In case plates cross ballast/cargo tank boundaries, separate measurements for the area of plating in way of
each type of tank shall be recorded. Where patches of steel plates have been renewed earlier; it is necessary
to check both the new and the old steel plates. It shall be avoided that measurements are taken solely of the
newest steel plates, and original plating next to are not measured, even though it can be heavily corroded.
Figure 1 Measurement points in main deck, marked as black dots. Solid lines are plate boundaries.
Dotted lines are bulkheads underneath.
Readings to be included in the UTM report shall be representative for the area measured, and shall normally
be single point readings. If a single reading is not considered to be representative for an area, additional
readings shall be carried out, with a comment in the report stating that these are additional readings.
Alternatively, the average value of several readings in a small area may be included in the report together
with a comment stating that this is an average value. In such cases all the readings to be averaged shall
be taken within the affected area. The size of such a “small area”, shall typically be the spacing of the
stiffeners (longitudinals in tankers or side frames in bulk carriers), with the same length used both in the
ship's transverse and longitudinal direction. See Figure 2.
The average thickness of that area shall then be entered in the report, and used to compare with minimum
thickness and substantial thickness values, even if single readings within that area are less.

DNV GL AS
Section 6
Figure 2 The only reading noted in the report would be (14.8 + 15.1 + 15.0 + 15.2 + 14.9 + 15.5
+15.3)/7 = 15.1
The number of measurement points in the figure were just an example. How many points needs to be taken,
in order to get a representative average, will depend on the thickness variations within that space.
Figure 3 Pitting corrosion
If there is pitting corrosion (see Figure 3), this should be mapped separately, indicating minimum thickness
measured, size of area affected, percentage of area covered by pits and average pitting depth. The surveyor
shall be informed. The surveyor will use separate acceptance criteria to decide if the area in question
needs to be renewed. Common location for pitting corrosion is the bottom plating underneath pipe suction
bellmouths in ballast- and cargo tanks, and at the aft end of crude oil tanks.
The thickness of stiffeners may be "averaged" in the same manner as for plates, with the web height or the
flange width, as applicable, being the length of each side in a quadratic area. A mean thickness is calculated
for that area, as under Figure 2.

DNV GL AS
Section 6
Figure 4 Grooving corrosion
If there is grooving corrosion at the base of a stiffener (see Figure 4), the affected area should be mapped,
with absolute minimum thickness, average thickness of affected area and length of grooving noted down. The
surveyor shall be informed. The surveyor will use separate acceptance criteria for grooving corrosion.
2 Transverse sections
The transverse sections measured should generally be within 0.5 L amidship and where the largest thickness
reduction is expected to occur or is revealed from deck and bottom plating measurements.
The results are used for longitudinal strength evaluation and significant area reduction in deck or bottom
i.e. above 5%, may require measurements of additional transverse sections. Further, if significant reduction
is revealed in some areas, e.g. in the deck longitudinals, measurements may be extended to ensure
satisfactory condition for deck longitudinal in other areas of the tank.
Minimum density of readings at each transverse section
— Within 0.15 D from deck and bottom every longitudinal and girder shall be measured on the web and
flange and every plate shall be measured one point between each longitudinal.
— Between deck and bottom area every longitudinal and girder shall be measured on the web and flange
and every plate strake at least one point per strake.
See illustrations in Figure 5 and Figure 6 for General Cargo, Figure 10 for Tankers and Figure 12 for Bulk
Carriers.
3 Bulkheads and web frames

See Figure 8, Figure 9 and Figure 14 for the bulkheads and Figure 11, Figure 12 and Figure 13 for the web
frames. The figures apply whether the measurements are part of the systematic requirements or as part of
the close-up inspection. At least one row of measurements should be taken in the upper part, in the lower
part, and in addition one row between each of the stringers.
As Figure 7 and Figure 8 indicates, where there is a plate joint with different thickness in each of the abutting
plates, measurements should be taken of each of the two abutting plates. For bulkheads or web frames not
corresponding completely with any of the following figures, use the figures as guidance to work out a pattern
for that particular design.
4 Measurements i.w.o. close-up inspections

The rules specify minimum requirements to thickness measurements for assessment of general corrosion and
required extent of measurements will be as found necessary by attending DNV GL Surveyor, to evaluate all
corroded structure. Readings from initial measurements showing that more than 50% of corrosion margin is
used, will normally require extended scope to confirm satisfactory condition for similar elements in the rest

DNV GL AS
of the tanks. Proposed initial scope of measurements are indicated in the following figures, but final scope of
Section 6
measurements will to a large extent be decided on board.
5 Figures with location of measurement points all ships - transverse

section
Figure 5 Transversely stiffened ships (such as bulk carriers and general cargo ships), shall also
have random measurements taken of the adjacent, transverse frames forward and aft of the
transverse section.
Figure 6 All ships (including bulk carriers) hatch cover

DNV GL AS
Section 6
Figure 7 All ships - web frames, deck transverses, internals, floors.
Where the original web plating has strakes with different thickness, measurements should be taken from
each of the different strakes. Spot checks should be taken of plating/stiffeners in adjacent structure. At least
one of each i.w.o. each boundary in each space (e.g. one measurement of plating, and one web and flange of
a longitudinal, in the deck and upper side in the upper cargo hold).
Figure 8 All ships - Transverse and longitudinal bulkheads with vertical stiffeners (also applies to
bulk carriers and tankers)

DNV GL AS
Section 6
Figure 9 All Ships - Stringers on transverse bulkheads (from tanker structure co-operative forum.
See Sec.5)
Figure 10 Oil tankers - transverse section
one representative reading of plating/stiffener i.w.o. each boundary in each tank (e.g. one measurement of
plating, and one web and flange of a longitudinal, in the deck, side and bottom in the wing tank).

DNV GL AS
Section 6
Figure 11 Oil tankers web frame
Transversely stiffened ships (such as bulk carriers and general cargo ships), shall also have random
measurements taken of the adjacent, transverse frames forward and aft of the transverse section.
Figure 12 Bulk carriers - transverse section

DNV GL AS
Section 6
Figure 13 Bulk carriers - web frame
one reading of plate/stiffener i.w.o. each boundary in each tank (e.g. one measurement of plating, and one
web and flange of a longitudinal, in the deck, upper side and the slanted part in the bottom of a topside
tank).

DNV GL AS
Section 6
Figure 14 Bulk carriers - transverse, corrugated bulkhead
6 Mapping of areas with substantial corrosion

Areas found with substantial corrosion should be mapped applying gauging patterns given in DNVGL-RU-SHIP
Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.4.

DNV GL AS
APPENDIX A KICK-OFF MEETING – AGENDA AND MINUTES OF
Appendix A
MEETING

DNV GL AS
Appendix A

DNV GL AS
APPENDIX B CALCULATION OF AVERAGE THICKNESS REDUCTION
Appendix B
IN DECK AND BOTTOM. VERIFICATION OF LONGITUDINAL
STRENGTH
1 General
This appendix is a guideline on how to verify a ship's longitudinal strength, i.e. estimate average corrosion
reduction in deck and bottom, as required for vessels having had a transverse section measured with UTM
as part of the renewal survey scope. The calculation shall either be made by attending surveyor, or by the
service supplier doing the thickness measurements, with the surveyor verifying the results.
It is not necessary to calculate the ship's section modulus or the cross section's moment of inertia in order
to verify the longitudinal strength. For a quick approximation, a quick adding up of cross section areas, as
shown in the following example, is sufficient for the verification of the longitudinal strength in the field. Only
if the calculated reduction percentage gets close to 10 % (or 5 %, if so stated in the heading of the minimum
thickness list), is it necessary to contact technical helpdesk for a more accurate approximation of actual loss
of longitudinal strength. It is of no less importance that the surveyors carry out this approximation whenever
a complete, transverse section is measured, as it forms the very basis for the minimum thickness list.
If the steel in plates or longitudinals is mild steel or high strength steel has no influence on the result. The
thickness reduction of HS steel and mild steel may be added into one figure.
The ship's main drawings shall be used to find as-built thickness values where no minimum thickness list is
available.
For tankers above 130 m length, the Society will upon request send electronically an excel sheet for average
corrosion calculation/reporting, including original thickness values for applicable area.
2 Example
For illustration, only half of the ship's breadth is included in the calculation below. When doing such
verification in real life, however, one should calculate the average thickness reduction over the whole
breadth, from side to side, see Figure 2. In the bottom one should calculate over the whole breadth for flat
bottom area, from bilge to bilge. As shown below, see Figure 1, it is enough to calculate the average area
reduction for the deck (or the bottom) itself, even if some of the minimum thickness lists mention the upper
or lower 15 % of the sides and longitudinal bulkhead as upper area or lower area. However, it's not wrong to
include the upper or lower 15 %, either.
Figure 1 Area to be verified for deck

DNV GL AS
Deck Area, plates:
Appendix B
Plates Plate A Plate B Plate C
Length 0.800 m 6.58 m 4.12 m
Torig 14.5 mm 10.5 mm 10.5 mm
Tmeasured 1514.5 mm 9.5 m 10.5 mm
Total original area, plates:

2
800 mm · 14.5 mm + 6580 mm · 10.5 mm + 4120 mm · 10.5 mm = 123 950 mm
Measured area, plates:
2
800 mm · 14.5 mm + 6580 mm · 9.5 mm + 4120 mm · 10.5 mm = 117 370 mm
Profiles:
Profiles Original dimensions Measured thickness, web Measured thickness, flange
L1 750 · 10 + 200·20 9.5 19.0
L2 200 · 11 mm (Bulb) 11.0 N/A
L3 200 · 11 mm (Bulb) 10.7 N/A
L5 200 · 11 mm (Bulb) 10.4 N/A
L6 200 · 11 mm (Bulb) 10.7 N/A
L7 200 · 11 mm (Bulb) 9.8 N/A
L8 200 · 11 mm (Bulb) 10.0 N/A
L9 200 · 11 mm (Bulb) 10.8 N/A
L10 200 · 15 mm (Flat bar) 14.5 N/A
L12 200 · 15 mm (Flat bar) 13.0 N/A
L13 200 · 15 mm (Flat bar) 14.7 N/A
L14 200 · 15 mm (Flat bar) 14.9 N/A
L15 200 · 15 (Flat bar) 15.0 N/A
L16 200 · 15 (Flat bar) 14.7 N/A
Total original area, profiles:

750 · 10 + 200 · 20 + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200
· 11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 · 15 (approx) + 200 · 15 (approx) + 200 · 15
(approx) + 200 · 15 (approx) + 200 · 15 (approx) + 200 · 15 (approx)
2
= 44 900 mm
Total measured area, profiles:
300 · (12.8 + 12.5 + 13.0 + 11.5 + 12.0 + 13.5 + 14.0 + 14.0 + 14.5 + 13.0 + 150 · (19.0 + 18.8 + 18.9
+ 19.2 + 17.0 + 20.2 + 20.0 + 18.8 + 19.5 + 19.0) + 250 · 15.2 + 250 · 14.9 750 · 10 + 200 · 20 + 200
· 11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 ·
11 (approx) + 200 · 11 (approx) + 200 · 15 (approx) + 200 · 15 (approx) + 200 · 15 (approx) + 200 · 15
2
(approx) + 200 · 15 (approx) + 200 · 15 (approx)= 42 965 mm
Total original area = total original area plates + total original area profiles

DNV GL AS
2 2 2
= 123 950 mm + 44 900 mm = 168 850 mm
Appendix B
Total measured area = total measured area plates + total measured area profiles
2 2 2
= 117 370 mm + 42 965 mm = 160 335 mm
Total area reduction = = 5.0%
The absolute maximum allowable average corrosion is 10 %. In some cases a lower limit, e.g. 5 % average
corrosion in the deck area is stated on the front page of the minimum thickness list. If this limit is exceeded
then the surveyor shall be notified immediately, as DNV GL need to do more exact calculation in order to
determine if this is acceptable. The bottom should be verified the same way.
Figure 2 Areas to be verified

DNV GL AS
APPENDIX C GUIDELINES FOR MEASUREMENTS OF SIDE FRAMES
Appendix C
IN BULK CARRIERS
1 General
Guidelines for the gauging of side shell frames and brackets in single side skin bulk carriers required to
comply with DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.3 [2.3.4].
2 Zones of side shell frames and brackets

For the purpose of steel renewal, sand blasting and coating, four zones A, B, C and D are defined, as shown
in Figure 1. Zones A and B are considered to be the most critical zones.
Figure 1 Zones of side shell frames and brackets
3 Pitting and grooving

Pits can grow in a variety of shapes, some of which would need to be ground before assessment.
Pitting corrosion may be found under coating blisters, which shall be removed before inspection.
To measure the remaining thickness of pits or grooving the normal ultrasonic transducer (generally 10 mm
diameter) will not suffice. A miniature transducer (three to five mm diameter) shall be used. Alternatively the
gauging firm shall use a pit gauge to measure the depth of the pits and grooving and calculate the remaining
thickness.

DNV GL AS
Appendix C
3.1 Assessment based upon area
This is the method specified in IACS UR S31 [S31.2.5] and is based upon the intensity determined from
Figure 2 below.
Figure 2 Pitting intensity diagrams (from 5 % to 25 % intensity)
If pitting intensity is higher than 15 % in an area, see Figure 2, then thickness measurements shall be taken
to check the extent of the pitting corrosion. The 15 % is based upon pitting or grooving on only one side of
the web.
In cases where pitting is evident as defined above (exceeding 15 %) then an area of 300 mm diameter or
more, at the most pitted part of the frame, shall be cleaned to bare metal, and the thickness measured in
way of the five deepest pits within the cleaned area. The least thickness measured in way of any of these pits
shall be taken as the thickness to be recorded.
The minimum acceptable remaining thickness in any pit or groove is equal to:
— 75 % of the as built thickness, for pitting or grooving in the cargo hold side frame webs and flanges
— 70 % of the as built thickness, for pitting or grooving in the side shell, hopper tank and topside tank
plating attached to the cargo hold side frame, over a width up to 30 mm from each side of it.
4 Gauging methodology
Numbers of side frames to be measured are equivalent to those of renewal survey or intermediate survey
corresponding to the ship’s age. Representative thickness measurements shall be taken for each zone as
specified below.
Special consideration to the extent of the thickness measurements may be given by the classification society,
if the structural members show no thickness diminution with respect to the as built thicknesses and the
coating is found in as-new condition (i.e., without breakdown or rusting).
Where gauging readings close to the criteria are found, the number of hold frames to be measured shall be
increased.
The planning document for vessels where DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.3 [2.3] or DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7
Ch.1 Sec.4 [2.3] apply, will include an additional Tmin list valid for the side frames, or the list will be provided
separately.
If renewal or other measures according to IACS UR S31 shall be applied on individual frames in a hold, then
all frames in that hold shall be gauged.
There is a variety of construction methods used for side shell frames in bulk carriers. Some have faceplates
(T sections) on the side shell frames, some have flanged plates and some have bulb plates. The use of

DNV GL AS
faceplates and flanged sections is considered similar for gauging purposes in that both the web and faceplate
Appendix C
or web and flange plate are to be gauged.
If bulb plate has been used, then the web of the bulb plate shall be gauged in the normal manner and the
sectional modulus shall be specially considered if required. The provided Tmin list will normally indicate cases
where sectional modulus may be a problem.
4.1 Gaugings of web plating for zones A, B and D

The gauging pattern for zones A, B and D shall be a five point pattern, see Figure 3. The five point pattern
shall be over the depth of the web and the same area vertically. The gauging report is to reflect the average
reading.
Figure 3 Five point pattern
4.2 Gaugings of web plating for zone C

Depending upon the condition of the web in way of zone C, the web may be measured by taking
threereadings over the length of Zone C and averaging them. The average reading shall be compared with
the allowable thickness. If the web plating has general corrosion then this pattern should be expanded to a
five point pattern as noted above.
4.3 Gaugings of flanges for all zones

At least two readings on the flange/faceplate shall be taken in way of section a) and b), see Figure 4. At least
one reading of the attached shell plating shall be taken on each side of the frame (i.e. fore and aft) in way of
section a) and section b).
At least two readings on the flange/faceplate shall be taken in way of one selected section within each of the
zones C and D. At least one reading of the attached shell plating shall be taken on each side of the frame
(i.e. fore and aft) in way of the selected sections.

DNV GL AS
Appendix C
Figure 4 Sections a) and b)

DNV GL AS
APPENDIX D NOMENCLATURE FOR STRUCTURES
Appendix D
1 Bulk carriers
This nomenclature is intended as a guide to improve the standardization of survey reporting. It is suggested
that the listed terms for hull structural elements are used throughout report narratives.
Figure 1 Bulk carrier - typical single skin cargo hold structural configuration

DNV GL AS
Appendix D
Figure 2 Bulk carrier - typical single skin transverse section
Figure 3 Bulk carrier - typical transverse watertight bulkhead

DNV GL AS
Appendix D
2 Tankers
Figure 4 Tanker

DNV GL AS
Appendix D
Figure 5 Tanker
Table 1 Other terms - definitions of common hull survey terms that are applicable for surveys of
hull structures and reporting
Term Definition
a term applied to the first main transverse watertight bulkhead forward of the stern. An aft
After peak bulkhead
peak tank is any tank in the narrow part of the stern aft of this last watertight bulkhead
Bay the area between adjacent transverse frames
Breast hook a triangular plate bracket joining port and starboard side structural members at the stem
Bulkhead deck the uppermost continuous deck to which transverse watertight bulkheads and shell are carried
Bulwark fore- and aft vertical plating immediately above the upper edge of thee sheer strake
a joint between two structural members lying in the same plane. Typically a butt joint is used
Butt joint
to describe the welded connection between two plates in the transverse direction
or cargo length area is that part of the vessel that contains cargo holds and cargo / slop
tanks and adjacent areas including ballast tanks, fuel tanks, cofferdams, void spaces and also
Cargo area
including deck areas throughout the entire length and breadth of the part of the ship over the
mentioned spaces
supports, usually made of flat plate, welded in a fore and aft direction between transverse
Carlings
deck beams to prevent distortion of the plating

DNV GL AS
Term Definition
Appendix D
Coaming the vertical boundary of a hatch or skylight
spaces between two bulkheads or decks primarily designed as a safeguard against leakage of
Cofferdams
oil from one compartment to another
Collision bulkhead the foremost main transverse watertight bulkhead
Companion way a weathertight entrance leading from a ship's deck to spaces below
Cross deck the area between cargo hatches
Deep tank a tank extending from the bottom or inner bottom up to or higher than the lowest deck
a keel built of plates in box form extending the length of the cargo hold. It is used to house
Duct keel ballast and other piping leading forward which otherwise would have to run through the cargo
holds
Extensive corrosion
Excessive corrosion see Sec.2
the tendency of materials to fracture under many repetitions of a stress considerably less than
Fatigue
the ultimate static strength
Forecastle a short superstructure situated at the bow
Forepeak the area of the ship forward of the collision bulkhead
normally the uppermost complete deck exposed to weather and sea, which has permanent
Freeboard deck
means of closing all openings in the weather part thereof
Freeing port an opening in the bulwarks to allow water shipped on deck to run freely overboard
the deposition of zinc on to the surface of steel to provide corrosion protection by both
Galvanizing
protecting the steel from contact with the environment and giving sacrificial protection
Girder a collective term for primary supporting structural members
Gunwale the upper edge of the ship's sides
a triangular plate, usually fitted to distribute forces at a strength connection between two
Gusset
structural members
deformation of structural members caused by out of-plane loads like bottom slamming and
Indent
bow impact forces, contact with other objects etc.
a self-supporting tank and while connected to the ship's main structure, is not dependent on
Independent tank
this structure
the main structural member of backbone of a vessel running longitudinal along centreline of
Keel
bottom. Usually a flat plate stiffened by a vertical plate on its centreline inside the shell
Lap joint a joint between two structural members that overlap each other
sheets of rust falling off if the surveyor hits the structure with his test hammer. Loose scale
Loose scale
can best be removed by hand or power tool cleaning or a combination of these
Midship section the cross section through the ship, midway between the forward and after perpendiculars

DNV GL AS
Term Definition
Appendix D
the void space running in the midships fore and aft lines between the inner bottom and shell
Pipe tunnel plating forming a protective space for bilge, ballast and other lines extending from the engine
room to the holds
Pinholing tiny, deep holes exposing substrate
Poop the space below an enclosed superstructure at the extreme after end of a ship
Poop deck he first deck above the shelter deck at after end of a vessel
Port light another term for side light or side scuttle
product of the corrosion process of steel with a porous surface layer or flakes, in volume
Scale
greater than the metal from which it was formed
Scantlings the dimensions of a ship's structural members as girders, stiffeners and plates
Scupper any opening for carrying off water from a deck, either directly or through piping
a small opening in a deck or elsewhere, usually fitted with a cover or lid or a door as for access
Scuttle
to a compartment
a joint between two structural members lying in the same plane. Typically a seam is used to
Seam
describe the welded connection of two plates in the longitudinal direction
a coating that dries or converts in such a way that it stays flexible although hard enough to
Semi-hard coating
touch and walk upon
slanted plates fitted in dry cargo holds to prevent undesired pockets of cargo. The term is
Shedder plates also commonly applied to slanted plates that are fitted to improve the structural stability of
corrugated bulkheads and framing members
Sheer strake the top strake of a ship's side shell plating
a rust preventing paint for temporary protection of steel immediately after blasting for
Shop primer protection of the material surface from corrosion during construction and until the final paint
system is applied
Single bottom structure the shell plating with stiffeners and girders below the upper turn of bilge
a coating that remains soft so that it wears off at low mechanical impact or when touched;
often based on oils (vegetable or petroleum) or lanolin (sheep wool grease). Application of soft
Soft coating
coating does generally not allow relaxation of the annual hull survey requirements of ballast
tanks
Spaces separate compartments including holds and tanks
Stay a term for bulwarks and hatch coaming brackets
Stem the piece of bar or plating at which a vessel’s outside plating terminates at her forward end
Stern frame the heavy strength member in single or triple screw vessels, combining the rudder post
Stiffener a collective term for secondary supporting structural members
Stool a structure supporting cargo hold and tank bulkheads
Strake a course, or row, of shell, deck, bulkhead, or other plating
normally the uppermost continuous deck. After special consideration of its effectiveness,
Strength deck
another deck may be defined as strength deck

DNV GL AS
Term Definition
Appendix D
Stress concentration or a term used of any notch, crack, hole, corner, groove, attachment or other interruption to
stress raiser smooth flow of stress and strain in structures introduces a concentration of stress
local corrosion that may occur when a metallic material is simultaneously exposed to both
Stress corrosion tensile stresses and a corrosive medium. Tensile stresses may be residual stresses from
welding or cold-working or applied working stresses
Stringer plate the outside strake of deck plating
Structural testing or a hydrostatic test carried out to demonstrate the structural adequacy of design and tightness
tank testing of tank boundaries
Substantial corrosion see Sec.2
Superstructure a decked structure on the freeboard deck extending from side to side of the ship
locations showing substantial corrosion and/or which are considered by the Surveyor to be
Suspect areas
prone to rapid wastage
tanks are ballast tanks in bulk carriers that normally stretch along the length of the ship’s side
Topside wing ballast
and occupy the upper corners of the cargo hold
Void an enclosed empty space in a vessel, i.e., cofferdam
includes, for thickness measurement purposes, all longitudinal members such as plating,
longitudinals and girders at the deck, side, bottom, inner bottom and longitudinal bulkheads.
Transverse section
For transversely framed ships, a transverse section includes adjacent frames and their end
connections in way of transverse section. Also called Girth belt
Wash bulkhead a perforated or partial bulkhead in a tank
a collective term for transverse bulkheads required for subdivision of the hull into watertight
Watertight bulkhead
compartments
Weathertight means that in any sea condition water will not penetrate into the vessel
a preferential corrosion of the weld deposit due to an electrolytic action between the weld
Weld metal corrosion
metal and base metal
Wind and water strakes the strakes of a ship's side shell plating between the ballast and deepest load waterline
See also under Sec.2 Terms and abbreviations.

DNV GL AS
CHANGES – HISTORIC
Changes – historic
There are currently no historical changes for this document.

DNV GL AS
About DNV GL
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CLASS GUIDELINE

DNVGL-CG-0285 Edition December 2018

Ultrasonic thickness measurements of ships

The electronic pdf version of this document, available free of charge

© DNV GL AS December 2018

Any comments may be sent by e-mail to rules@dnvgl.com

Changes December 2018

Sec.2 [1] The reference to approval of service supplier scheme DNVGL-

Sec.5 Heading and references have been updated in order to

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 3

Section 2 Terms and abbreviations......................................................................... 9

Section 3 Basic requirements................................................................................11

Section 4 Procedure for class surveys and thickness measurements onboard

Section 5 Extent of thickness measurements........................................................19

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 4

Section 6 Thickness measurement pattern......................................................... 104

Appendix A Kick-off meeting – agenda and minutes of meeting........................ 113

Appendix B Calculation of average thickness reduction in deck and bottom.

Appendix C Guidelines for measurements of side frames in bulk carriers.......... 118

Appendix D Nomenclature for structures...........................................................122

Changes – historic.............................................................................................. 129

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 5

Figure 1 Steel plates in the deck being replaced after UTM.

Document code Title

DNVGL-CG-0182 Allowable thickness diminution for hull structure

DNVGL-CP-0484 DNV GL approval of service supplier scheme

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 6

5.1 Definition of verbal forms

5.2 Definition of terms

Table 3 Definition of terms

service suppliers approved by the Society to do thickness measurements onboard fishing

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 7

EHSR Extended hull survey requirements

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 8

Table 1 Definitions of terms

service suppliers approved by the Society to do thickness measurements onboard fishing

Figure 1 Extent of corrosion

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 9

EHSR Extended hull survey requirements

Table 3 DNV GL documents

Document code Title

DNVGL-CG-0182 Allowable thickness diminution for hull structure

DNVGL-CP-0484 DNVGL approval of service supplier scheme

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 10

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 11

1 DNV GL surveyor to be onboard

3 Requirements for cleaning

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 12

Figure 2 Unacceptable conditions for inspection: insufficient cleaning and preparation.

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 13

Figure 3 Temporary staging during renewal survey of an oil tanker

Access is the owner's responsibility.

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 14

See DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.7 Ch.1 Sec.1 [2.1.4]:

Figure 5 Depth of web frame

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 15

Figure 6 Climbers in action, doing survey on a web frame

5 Execution of the thickness measurements on board.

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 16

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 17

Class guideline — DNVGL-CG-0285. Edition December 2018 Page 18

2 All ships - minimum thickness measurements

Renewal survey no.1