Disaster Management Class 02

An overview of the previous class was given.

National Disaster Management Act, 2005

from sheet

STRUCTURE

National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)

It is headed by the PM.
The overall apex body for the management of disaster at the national
level
To provide a timely and effective response.
It is responsible for making national policies, plans, and guidelines &
implementation of the same to manage disasters in India
State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA)(Headed by CM)
The same model as present at the national level is replicated at the
state level
District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) (Headed by DM) -
response and fully implement thePLAN and guidelines suggested by
above
Executive committees to support the authorities at all three tiers.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEES
National Executive Committee, headed by Home secretary with other
secretaries to assist NDMA in preparation of policies and plans & in
coordination and in the monitoring of the plans and guidelines
State executive committee is headed by the State Chief secretary along
with another secretary.
It would assist SDMA and coordiate and moniter policy plan and
guidelines for both national and state-level plans.
NDMA Advisory Committee
It is a 15 member committee under NDMA consisting of experts from
various fields.
Cabinet Committee on Security, headed by PM with other cabinet
ministers as members. Its function involves evaluation of disaster
management from the national security perspective and also it oversees
all the aspects of disaster management.

National Institute of Disaster Management- It is the nodal agency for

human resource development, capacity development, training, policy
advocacy, etc.

National Disaster Response Force- It is a specialist response force that

can be deployed in a disaster situation. It comes under the general
direction and control of the NDMA. There is no separate recruitment.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT FUNDING

As per NDM Act, 2005, there are 2 kinds of funds:

Mitigation
National Disaster Mitigation Fund
State Disaster Mitigation Fund
provision there in the NDMA Act but not implemented yet
Response
National Disaster Response Fund
State Disaster Response Fund
Other financial routes:
PMRF- Established by PM Nehru in 1948.
It was originally established to provide relief to the people affected by
the partition.
It was publicly funded.
PMCARES
It was established by the current PM during pandemic 2020.
It is also voluntary.
Recommendation of 15th Finance Commission

National Disaster Risk Management Fund and SDRMF

NDRF+NDMF should be clubbed and formed as an umbrella fund under
NDRMF.same for state.
It will be managed by NDMA.
Finances: Budgetory+ NCCD
National Calamity Contingency Duty- It is a special duty levied on
imports of high-end products.
FC has recommended budgetary allocation as well.
NDRMF ANDSDRMF (80% finances)NDRF (20% finances)NDMF
It will be managed by SDMA.
Local mitigation measures will go on.
Finances: to be shared between center and state in the ratio of 75:25

Criticism of the functioning of NDMA

As per the CAG report, the functioning of the NDMA is poor and slow.
Most of the programs are incomplete.
They have a very weak control of SDMA and NDMA.
The top-down approach in areas of funding, planning, whereas has to
be implemented at the local level
Corruption in the funding mechanism
Recommendations of the 2nd ARC

It recommended that disaster management should be the state’s

responsibility.
The Center should play only a supportive role.
Local self-government should be empowered.
The categorization of different disasters at various levels- national,
state, district, and local on the basis of the scale of the disaster.
It also recommends giving more power to DDMA and SDMA and
stringent mechanisms to check corruption