Sur Desalination - Oman (SDP1 -1)

Protections Study
SDP1-1

prepared for:

MUSTAKBALCT
 DIgSILENT Ibérica S.L.
Javier Ferrero, 8dup – Bajo A
E-28002 Madrid
Tel.: +34 911253379
http://www.digsilentiberica.es
e-mail: info@digsilentiberica.es

Please contact

A. Recas
Tel.: +34 911253379
E-mail: a.recas@digsilentiberica.es

REF: REP-MUSTAKBALCT-SDP1-1-PROT
Version: v000
Date: 05.10.2021
PF Build: 2021 SP2

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 Table of Contents

Report versions ....................................................................................................................................... 4

Disclaimer ............................................................................................................................................... 5

Index of figures....................................................................................................................................... 6

Index of tables ........................................................................................................................................ 7

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................... 8

2 Related external documentation ......................................................................................................... 9

3 Technical data .................................................................................................................................... 10

4 Protection devices ............................................................................................................................. 11

4.1 POC Relay settings ............................................................................................................................... 13

4.1.1 Voltage and frequency settings ......................................................................................................... 13
4.1.2 Phase overcurrent settings ............................................................................................................... 13
4.1.3 Neutral overcurrent settings ............................................................................................................. 14

4.2 MV Relay settings................................................................................................................................. 15

4.2.1 Phase overcurrent settings ............................................................................................................... 15
4.2.2 Neutral overcurrent settings ............................................................................................................. 15

4.3 LV Relay settings.................................................................................................................................. 16

4.4 Relay curves ........................................................................................................................................ 17

4.5 Fault cases .......................................................................................................................................... 18

4.5.1 Bus coupler open ............................................................................................................................ 19
4.5.1 Bus coupler closed........................................................................................................................... 23

5 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................ 27

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Report version Delivery date Comments

REP-MUSTAKBALCT-SDP1-1-PROT-v000 17.08.2021

REP-MUSTAKBALCT-SDP1-1-PROT-v001 05.10.2021

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 Protections study

The contents are provided on an "AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" basis WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS,
EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
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This Report is prepared based on information provided by the customer and, where necessary, third parties and the
simulation studies or any analyses will be based on that information. The accuracy of the information provided may have
an impact on the conclusions reached and on the accuracy of the simulations. The higher degree of accuracy of the
information provided will have a direct effect on the certainty of the conclusions and recommendations provided in the
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, DIgSILENT does not accept or assume any responsibilities for the installation under study.
This Report should not be relied on for the final layout and detailed planning of the installation, which should be assessed
in a final engineering construction report.

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Figure 1. Protection devices location ...................................................................................................................... 12

Figure 2. SDP1-1 Relays. Overcurrent units. ........................................................................................................... 17
Figure 3. Tripping curves against three phase faults (Bus coupler open). Fault at TRF01 terminals. ............................. 19
Figure 4. Tripping curves against three phase faults (Bus coupler open). Fault at TRF02 terminals. ............................. 20
Figure 5. Tripping curves against single phase faults (Bus coupler open). Fault at TRF01 terminals. ............................ 21
Figure 6. Tripping curves against single phase faults (Bus coupler open). Fault at TRF02 terminals. ............................ 22
Figure 7. Tripping curves against three phase faults (Bus coupler closed). Fault at TRF01 terminals. ........................... 23
Figure 8. Tripping curves against three phase faults (Bus coupler closed). Fault at TRF02 terminals. ........................... 24
Figure 9. Tripping curves against single phase faults (Bus coupler closed). Fault at TRF01 terminals. .......................... 25
Figure 10. Tripping curves against single phase faults (Bus coupler closed). Fault at TRF02 terminals. ......................... 26

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Table 1. Time overcurrent protections .................................................................................................................... 27

Table 2. Voltage protections.................................................................................................................................. 27
Table 3. Frequency protections ............................................................................................................................. 27

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The scope of this document is to show the results of the protections study realised for the Sur Desalination PV plant rated
3.885 MVA, located in Oman. This PV plant consists of 21 PV inverters Huawei SUN2000 – 185KTL with 185kW of rating
power @25ºC. The study of this PV plant is done following the technical guidelines for Small Scale Grid-Connected Solar
PV Systems published by the Authority for Electricity Regulation of Oman [1].

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 Protections study

[1] Small Scale Grid-Connected Solar PV Systems. Technical Guidelines. AUTHORITY FOR ELECTRICITY REGULATION
(AER), OMAN. May 2017.

[2] Monitoring relay - VOLTAGE 3-PHASE. HRN-43, HRN-43N | Voltage monitoring relay for complete control in 3P
incl. asymmetry.

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 Protections study

All technical data contained in this document and the PowerFactory model of the PV inverter used in the study have been
provided by the customer. The models have been provided by the manufacturer and data and hypothesis used in the
project have been confirmed by the customer.

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 Protections study

The following protection units have been adjusted in the relay located at the POC:

- Undervoltage unit (27).

- Overvoltage unit (59).

- Underfrequency unit (81U).

- Overfrequency unit (81O).

- Phase overcurrent (50/51).

- Neutral overcurrent (50N/51N).

The following protection units have been adjusted in the relay located at the MV side of the substation transformers:

- Phase overcurrent (50/51).

- Neutral overcurrent (50N/51N).

The protection devices have been coordinated with the 11kV incomer upstream relays considering the following settings
provided by the customer (a current transformer 1200/1 is considered):

- Phase overcurrent:

o Pick-up value: 1A.

o TMS: 0.25.

o Curve: Standard inverse

- Phase overcurrent:

o Pick-up value: 0.3A.

o TMS: 0.51.

o Curve: Standard inverse.

The protection devices have been coordinated with the 11kV incomer upstream relays considering the following settings
provided by the customer (a current transformer 1200/1 is considered):

- Phase overcurrent:

o Pick-up value: 1A.

o TMS: 0.21.

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 Protections study

o Curve: Standard inverse

- Phase overcurrent:

o Pick-up value: 0.2A.

o TMS: 0.4.

o Curve: Standard inverse.

Figure below shows the single line diagram indicating the location of each protection device:

In figure above:
- Red colour: incomer protections.
- Purple colour: bus section protections.
- Blue colour: POC protections.
- Green colour: MV protections.

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 Protections study

The settings have been chosen to comply with the requirements defined in the technical guidelines ([1]):

- Undervoltage unit (27):

o Step 1:

 Threshold: 0.85p.u.

 Time setting: 1.5 s.

o Step 2:

 Threshold: 0.30 p.u.

 Time setting: 0.6 s.

- Overvoltage unit (59):

o Step 1:

 Threshold: 1.14 p.u.

 Time setting: 1.5 s.

 Calculation type: 10 minutes mean.

o Step 2:

 Threshold: 1.2 p.u.

 Time setting: 0.6 s.

- Overfrequency unit (81O):

o Threshold: 52.5 Hz.

o Time setting: 0.1 s.

- Underfrequency unit (81U):

o Threshold: 47.5 Hz.

o Time setting: 4 s.

The phase overcurrent units have been adjusted following these criteria:

- Unit 50:

    

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 Protections study

Where IN is the rated current at full load and Ikmin is the minimum short-circuit current to clear by the fault
(farthest fault at TRF02 terminals).

The selected settings are:

o Threshold: 2400 A (primary).

o Time: 0.25 s.

- Unit 51:

  
Where IN is the rated current at full load.

The selected settings are:

o Threshold: 265 A.

o Time dial: 0.15.

o Curve: IEC Class A (Standard inverse).

The neutral overcurrent units have been adjusted according to the following criteria:

- Unit 50N: the settings of the unit will allow to clear the farthest fault in the protected zone.

     

Where IN is the rated current at full load and I0x3 min is the minimum short-circuit current to clear by the fault
(farthest fault at TRF02 terminals).

The selected settings are:

o Threshold: 1500 A (primary)

o Timer: 0.25 s.
- Unit 51N: the settings of the unit will allow to cover the CT measurement errors and according to the customer
criteria will be set to:

  
Where CTRatio is 600A/1A. The selected settings are:

o Threshold: 60 A (primary).

o Time dial: 0.15.

o Curve: IEC Class A (standard inverse).

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The phase overcurrent units have been adjusted following these criteria:

- Unit 50:

    

Where IN is the rated current at full load and Ikmin is the minimum short-circuit current to clear by the fault
(fault at transformer terminals).

The selected settings are:

o Threshold: 4000 A (primary).

o Time: 0.00 s.

- Unit 51:

  
Where IN is the rated current at full load.

The selected settings are:

o Threshold: 130 A.

o Time dial: 0.05.

o Curve: IEC Class A (Standard inverse)

The neutral overcurrent units have been adjusted according to the following criteria:

- Unit 50N: the settings of the unit will allow to clear the farthest fault in the protected zone.

     

Where IN is the rated current at full load and I0x3 min is the minimum short-circuit current to clear by the fault
(fault at transformer terminals).

The selected settings are:

o Threshold: 1500 A (primary)

o Timer: 0.00 s.

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- Unit 51N: the settings of the unit will allow to cover the CT measurement errors and according to the customer
criteria will be set to:

  
Where CTRatio is 2000A/5A. The selected settings are:

o Threshold: 40 A (primary).

o Time dial: 0.05.

o Curve: IEC Class A (standard inverse).

The relay located in the 800V side of the transformer stations have been set according to the parametrization defined in
the technical guidelines ([1]):

- Threshold: 0.30 p.u.

- Time setting: 0.6 s.

- Asymmetry: 5%.

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Figure below shows the relay curves with the units 50/51 and 50N/51N:

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Several faults have been simulated in the transformer station terminals under minimum short-circuit power:

- Three phase faults.

- Single phase to ground faults.

All faults have been simulated with a zero fault impedance. The following scenarios have been considered:

- Bus coupler open.

- Bus coupler closed.

Results for each fault type are shown below.

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Chapters below show the short-circuit currents and fault clearance considering the busbar coupler open.

4.5.1.1.1 Fault at TRF01 terminals

The fault at the transformer station terminals is cleared instantaneously by the phase overcurrent units:

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4.5.1.1.2 Fault at TRF02 terminals

The fault at the transformer station terminals is cleared instantaneously by the phase overcurrent units:

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4.5.1.2.1 Fault at TRF01 terminals

The fault at the transformer station terminals is cleared instantaneously by the phase and neutral overcurrent units:

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4.5.1.2.2 Fault at TRF02 terminals

The fault at the transformer station terminals is cleared instantaneously by the phase and neutral overcurrent units:

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Chapters below show the short-circuit currents and fault clearance considering the busbar coupler closed.

4.5.1.1.1 Fault at TRF01 terminals

The fault at the transformer station terminals is cleared instantaneously by the phase overcurrent units:

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4.5.1.1.2 Fault at TRF02 terminals

The fault at the transformer station terminals is cleared instantaneously by the phase overcurrent units:

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4.5.1.2.1 Fault at TRF01 terminals

The fault at the transformer station terminals is cleared instantaneously by the phase and neutral overcurrent units:

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4.5.1.2.2 Fault at TRF02 terminals

The fault at the transformer station terminals is cleared instantaneously by the phase and neutral overcurrent units:

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Tables below shows a summary of settings for each relay unit:

Pick up level Time settings

Relay Unit Curve Time dial
[primary A] [s]
51 265 Standard Inverse 0.15 -
51N 60 Standard Inverse 0.15 -
POC Relay
50 2400 - - 0.25
50N 1500 - - 0.25
51 130 Standard Inverse 0.05 -
51N 40 Standard Inverse 0.05 -
MV Relay
50 4000 - - 0.00
50N 1500 - - 0.00

Threshold Time settings

Relay Unit Step Comments
[p.u.] [s]
Step 1 0.85 1.5
27
Step 2 0.30 0.6
POC Relay
Step 1 1.14 1.5 Calculation type = 10 minutes mean
59
Step 2 1.20 0.6
LV Relay 27 - 0.30 0.6 Asymmetry = 5%

Threshold Time settings

Relay Unit
[Hz] [s]
81O 52.5 0.1
POC Relay
81U 47.5 4.0

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