UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(CoET)
DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND RESOURCES ENGINEERING

Course: WR 460 – Design of Hydraulic Structures and

Machinery
Lecturer: Dr. Mtamba
Type of work: Individual Assignment
Date of submission: 20th February, 2023
Time of submission: 10:00 hrs
No. STUDENT NAME REGISTRATION NO.

1 MAAGI, LUCAS JUNIOR 2019-04-05271

 QUESTION 1:

1.1 Describe briefly how tunnels are being constructed

1.2 Describe importance of using rock bolts in during tunnelling process
1.3 Describe two methods to improve the tunnel surfaces
1.4. Sketch the hydraulic system and estimate the flood discharge capacity of
a tunnel constructed to divert flood water on both sides of the river banks.
Given the following data
i. Inlet invert level of tunnels is at 632 m.a.s.l
ii. Outlet invert level of tunnels is at 596 m.a.s.l
iii. Length of Tunnel 1 is 1740 m
iv. Length of Tunnel 2 is 1762 m
v. Bed slope of tunnels are 1/37.5 in 1350 m and the rest remains
horizontal
vi. Diameter of tunnel is 7.0m
vii. Maximum water level at upstream and downstream coffer dam is 644
m.a.s.l and 604 m.a.s.l respectively
viii. Entry and exit loss coefficients are 0.46
ix. average roughness for shotcrete lined tunnel surface is 0.19 m

QUESTION 4:
4.1 A tainter gate hydraulic performance above spillway crest is given by figure
below. If length of gate, l=8 m, and H 1= 10m. Estimate the gate opening to release
80 m3/s and 150 m3/s discharge.
 Figure 4.1. Coefficient of discharge of Ogee spillway with tainter gate.

4.2 Ogree spillway performance above spillway crest is given by Figure below. If
length of gate, L=100m, and P= 10m. Estimate the design head for 700 m 3/s
discharge.

Figure 4.1. Coefficient of discharge of Ogee spillway