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  • Atoms Molecules and Ions

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    Eklavya Gupta
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    This document covers topics in chemistry including the structure of atoms, molecules, and ions. It discusses early atomic models developed by scientists like J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, and Robert Millikan. Modern atomic structure is introduced, including electrons, protons, neutrons, isotopes, and nuclear notation. The document also summarizes bonding in molecules and ions, including covalent and ionic bonds. Naming conventions for ionic compounds, covalent compounds, and acids are outlined. Finally, an introduction to the periodic table is provided.

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    This document covers topics in chemistry including the structure of atoms, molecules, and ions. It discusses early atomic models developed by scientists like J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, and Robert Millikan. Modern atomic structure is introduced, including electrons, protons, neutrons, isotopes, and nuclear notation. The document also summarizes bonding in molecules and ions, including covalent and ionic bonds. Naming conventions for ionic compounds, covalent compounds, and acids are outlined. Finally, an introduction to the periodic table is provided.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    10 views10 pages

    Atoms Molecules and Ions

    Uploaded by

    Eklavya Gupta
    This document covers topics in chemistry including the structure of atoms, molecules, and ions. It discusses early atomic models developed by scientists like J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, and Robert Millikan. Modern atomic structure is introduced, including electrons, protons, neutrons, isotopes, and nuclear notation. The document also summarizes bonding in molecules and ions, including covalent and ionic bonds. Naming conventions for ionic compounds, covalent compounds, and acids are outlined. Finally, an introduction to the periodic table is provided.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    SECTION 2 - ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND IONS

    ‚ The Law of Conservation of Mass


    2-1 -- Three Fundamental Chemical Laws

    ‚ The Law of Definite Proportions


    ‚ The Law of Multiple Proportions
    2-3 -- 7;ﾉ ﾗﾐげ "# ﾗﾏｷI" ｴWﾗ

    ‚ The Electron and J.J. Thomson


    2-4 -- Early Experiments to Characterize the Atom

    ‚ The Cathode Ray Tube


    ‚ The Plum Pudding Model
    ‚ Robert Millikan and the Mass of the Electron

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    ‚ Ernest Rutherford

    ‚ Electrons, Protons, and Neutrons


    2-6 -- Brief Introduction to Modern Atomic Structure

    ‚ Nuclear Symbol Notation


    2-6 -- Isotopes

    ‚ Hyphen Notation
    ‚ Mass Number (A) vs. Atomic Number (Z)

    ‚ Covalent Bonds and Molecules


    2-8 -- Molecules and Ions

    ‚ Ionic Bonds, Cations, Anions, and Ionic Compounds

    ‚ Atomic Number and Atomic Mass


    2-9 -- Introduction to the Periodic Table

    ‚ Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids


    ‚ Group I -- The Alkali Metals
    ‚ Group 2 -- The Alkaline-earth Metals
    ‚ Groups 3-12 -- The Transition Metals
    ‚ Group 17 -- The Halogens
    ‚ Group 18 -- The Noble Gases

    ‚ Ionic Compounds
    2-11 -- Naming Compounds

    ‚ Molecular Compounds (Covalent Compounds)

    ‚ Cations with Multiple Charges


    2-12 -- Naming Binary Ionic Compounds

    ‚ Some Common Anions

    ‚ List of Polyatomic Anions to Know


    2-15 -- Naming Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions

    2-16 -- Naming Binary Covalent Compounds


    ‚ Rules for Naming
    ‚ Prefixes (mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca)

    ‚ Binary Acids
    2-18 -- Naming Acids

    ‚ Oxyacids

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    SECTION 2 – ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND IONS

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