Basic Graphs Physics - Ashutosh Garg

Slope

m = tan θ is called the slope of line,

where θ is the angle which the line makes

with the positive direction of the x-axis in an
anti clockwise sense.
Slope of line joining two points

Straight Line
y = mx + c
represents a straight line.
Here, m is the slope of line
and c the intercept on y-axis

y = mx
Represents a straight line passing through origin.

Equation of straight line in one point form

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Basic Graphs Physics - Ashutosh Garg

Graphs With different m and c

1. Draw straight lines corresponding to following equations

(a) y = 2x (b) y = − 6x

(c) y = 4x + 2 (d) y = 6x – 4
Solution

2. Draw the graphs corresponding to the equations

(a) y = 4x (b) y = − 6x

(c) y = x + 4 (d) y = − 2x + 4

(e) y = 2x − 4 (f) y = −4x − 6

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Basic Graphs Physics - Ashutosh Garg

1. For the graphs given below, write down their x-y equations

4. Equation of Circle

If centre is at origin

Ellipse

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Basic Graphs Physics - Ashutosh Garg

PF1 + PF2 = Constant

Equation of Ellipse

Horizontal Ellipse Vertical Ellipse

A'A = 2a - Major Axis

BB' = 2b minor axis
a - Length of semi Major axis
b - Length of semi minor axis
e - Eccentricity (< 1)

Hyperbolic Graph
Y = k/x
(i) k +ve (ii) k -ve

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Basic Graphs Physics - Ashutosh Garg

Parabolic Graph
Y = x2 and x = y2

Graph with Increasing and decreasing slope

Increasing slope Decreasing slope

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Basic Graphs Physics - Ashutosh Garg

Slope Increases, it becomes less negative but Slope decreases, it becomes more negative but
its magnitude decreases. its magnitude increases.

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Basic Graphs Physics - Ashutosh Garg

Exponential Graph

4. Value of y decreases exponentially from y = 10 to y = 6. Plot a x-y graph.

5. Value of y increases exponentially from y = − 4 to y = + 4. Plot a x-y graph.
Solution

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Basic Graphs Physics - Ashutosh Garg

The graph shown in figure is exponential. Write down the equation corresponding to the graph.

Q. For the equations given below, Draw the nature of graphs.