Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region V - Bicol
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF LEGAZPI CITY
CABANGAN HIGH SCHOOL
SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATION BY COMPLETING THE
SQUARE
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET # 4
MATHEMATICS 9
Name: ________________________________ Section: _____________________
Reference Module: Quarter 1, Week 4 Date: _____________________

I. Learning Skills from MELCs

K to 12 CG
Quarter Most Essential Learning Competency
Codes
Quarter 1 • Solving Quadratic Equation by
M9AL - la – b - 1
(Week 4) Completing the Square

Objectives:
a. Identify and complete perfect square trinomial;
b. Solve a quadratic equation by completing the square; and
c. Value accumulated knowledge as means of new understanding.
II. Introductory Concept
This Learning Activity Sheet will assess your knowledge on the different
Mathematical concepts and skills previously studied as well as in performing
mathematical operations.
You already learned how to solve quadratic equation by factoring. However,
there are limitations in using this method especially if the trinomial is not
factorable. In this module, you will learn another way of solving quadratic
equation - by completing the square.

Concept 1:

The concept of “perfect square trinomial”

is the basis in the process of “completing of the
square”. In this case, let us have a recall to
illustrate this.

1
Concept 2:

A trinomial is a perfect square if:

1. The first and third terms are perfect squares containing positive
numerical coefficients or positive numbers.

2. The second term is twice the product of the square roots of the
two perfect square terms.

Concept 3:

To factor a perfect square trinomial:

1. Find the positive square roots of each of the two perfect square
terms.
2. Connect the two square roots with the sign of the numerical
coefficient of the remaining term (the second term) of the given
trinomial.
3. Indicate that this binomial is used twice as a factor.

EXAMPLE:

Concept 4:

Completing the Square

In an expression of the form 𝑥2 + 𝑏𝑥 or 𝑥2– 𝑏𝑥, add the constant term
𝑏 2
(
2
) to complete the square.

Examples:
Complete the square. Then write each completed square in
factored form.
1. 𝑥2 + 18𝑥
Solution:
2
To complete the square, add ( 18
2 ) or 81.
Completed square: 𝑥2 + 18𝑥 + 81
Factored form: (𝑥 + 9)2

2
 2. 𝑑2– 7𝑑
Solution:
2 49
−7
To complete the square, add (
2
) or 4
49
Completed square: d2 – 7𝑑 + 4
7
Factored form: (𝑑− 2) 2

2
3. 𝑤2 −3𝑤
Solution:

Concept 5:

To have a better understanding, below are the summarized steps

in “completing the square”.

1. Place the constant term on the right side of the equation. All
the terms with unknowns are on the left side.
2. If the coefficient of the quadratic term, 𝑎≠1, divide each term of
the equation by the numerical coefficient.
3. To get the constant term needed to complete the square, get
the numerical coefficient of linear term, divide it by 2 and
square it. Add the result to both sides of the equation.
4. Factor the perfect square trinomial.
5. Extract the square root from both sides. Two values will be
obtained for the right side of the equation.
6. Equate the linear expressions to each of the two values.
7. Solve each of the resulting linear equations.
8. Check your answer by substituting to the original equation.

EXAMPLES:

3
III. Activities
Activity 1. Complete the table below. The first two numbers are already filled
and done for you.

Is it a Perfect
Trinomial Square Trinomial? Factors or Reason
(Yes or No)
1. x2 + 8x + 16 Yes (x + 4) 2
The sign of the third
No
2. y2 + 10y – 25 term (25) is negative
3. p2 - 24p + 144
4. r2 + 6r + 36
5. 9z2 + 24z - 16

4
 Activity 2.
To master your skills in solving quadratic equation by completing
the square, solve and check your solutions for the following:
1. 𝑥2+6𝑥+5=0 2. 2𝑥2+3𝑥−2=0
3. 𝑥2−4𝑥+12=0 4. 5𝑥2+26𝑥+5=0
5. 7𝑥2−2𝑥=1

Activity 3.
Find the solution set of each of the following quadratic equations
using the process of “completing the square”. Show your solution.
1. 𝑥2 + 10𝑥 + 2 = 0 6. 2𝑦2 – 3 = 5𝑦
2. 𝑏2 – 2𝑏 – 15 = 0 7. 𝑝2 + 2𝑝 – 15 = 0
3. 𝑚 − 7𝑚 + 12 = 0
2 8. 3𝑦2 + 12𝑦 + 12 = 0
4. 2𝑤2 + 2𝑤 – 4 = 0 9. 2𝑥2 + 4𝑥 + 1 = 0
5. 3𝑛 + 24𝑛 = − 48
2 10.𝑎 = 2𝑎2 – 1

IV. ASSESSMENT TEST.

Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet. If your
answer is not among the choices, write E.

1. Which of the following will make the expression 𝑥2+6𝑥+___ a perfect square trinomial?
A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 D. 12
2. What is the missing term to make the expression 𝑝2 + ______ + 49 a perfect square
trinomial?
A. 16p B. 14p C. 9p D. 4p
3. Which of the following will have a perfect square trinomial on one side of equation if
36 is added to both sides of equation?
A. 𝑥2 – 12𝑥 = −1 B. 𝑥2 – 6𝑥 = −1
C. 𝑥2 – 9𝑥 = −1 D. 𝑥2 +24𝑥 = −1
4. Which of the following is a perfect square trinomial?
A. 𝑥2 – 2𝑥 + 1 B. 𝑥2 – 4𝑥 + 6 C. 𝑥2 – 4 D. 𝑥2 + 9
5. In the expression x2 – bx + 100, what is the value of b to make the expression a
perfect square?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

PERFORMANCE TASK

The scenario below can be represented by a quadratic equation.

Write a mathematical model showing the situation then solve for what is asked
on the problem. If the process of “completing the square” is appropriate to solve
for the unknown, then use it. Otherwise, use other methods that you know.
You will be graded according to the rubric below.

LED television screens are usually

measured by the length of its
diagonal. The television set has 60-
inch diagonal. The screen is 12 inches
wider than its height. Find the
dimensions of the screen.

5
 4 3 2 1
The representation The representation The representation The representation
of the of the of the of the
mathematical mathematical mathematical mathematical
equation / equation / equation / equation /
sentence using sentence using sentence using sentence using
quadratic equation quadratic equation quadratic equation quadratic equation
is accurate and is accurate but not is accurate but not is incorrect.
solve correctly. all solve correctly. solve correctly.

V. References:
DepEd Materials: Mathematics Learner’s Material in Grade 9
Orence, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. E-Math 9. Manila Rex Book Store, Inc.
Project EASE Mathematics III
Morgan, F. M., & Paige, B. L. (n.d.). Algebra 2. pp 98-102 .America: Henry Holt
and Company.
Oronce, O. A., Santos, G. C., & Ona, M. I. (n.d.). Interactive Mathematics
III Dugopolski, Mark.2006.Elementary and Intermediate Algebra 2nd
edition.MCGraw-Hill.New York City
E-Math Worktext in Mathematics 9, Revised Edition by O. Oronce & M. Mendoza
Wizard Mathematics, Intermediate Algebra Worktext II by A. DIgnadice
https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/electronics-led-television-
13310416655.html
https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/completing-square.html
https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/woman-with-long-hair-teaching-
online_7707557.htm
https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/kids-having-online-lessons_7560046.htm
https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/illustration-with-kids-taking-lessons-
online-design_7574030.htm

VII. Answer Key

Activity I:

Is it a Perfect
Trinomial Square Trinomial? Factors or Reason
(Yes or No)
1. x2 + 8x + 16 Yes (x + 4) 2
The sign of the third
No
2. y2 + 10y – 25 term (25) is negative
3. p2 - 24p + 144 Yes (p – 12)2
The square root of
36 is 6 and -6 and if
you multiply this by
2, the coefficient of
the middle term
4. r2 + 6r + 36 No must be 12 or -12
5. 9z2 + 24z - 16 Yes (3z + 4)2

6
Activity 2:
1. 𝑥2+6𝑥+5=0 2. 2𝑥2+3𝑥−2=0
3. 𝑥2−4𝑥+12=0 4. 5𝑥2+26𝑥+5=0
5. 7𝑥2−2𝑥=1

Answer:

Activity 3:

1. 𝑥2 + 10𝑥 + 2 = 0 6. 2𝑦2 – 3 = 5𝑦
2. 𝑏2 – 2𝑏 – 15 = 0 7. 𝑝2 + 2𝑝 – 15 = 0
3. 𝑚2 − 7𝑚 + 12 = 0 8. 3𝑦2 + 12𝑦 + 12 = 0
4. 2𝑤2 + 2𝑤 – 4 = 0 9. 2𝑥2 + 4𝑥 + 1 = 0
5. 3𝑛2 + 24𝑛 = − 48 10.𝑎 = 2𝑎2 – 1

Answer:

7
ANSWER SHEET 4

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region V - Bicol
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF LEGAZPI CITY
CABANGAN HIGH SCHOOL
SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATION BY COMPLETING THE SQUARE
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET # 4
MATHEMATICS 9
Name: ________________________________ Section: _____________________
Reference Module: Quarter 1, Week 4 Date: _____________________
A. ASSESSMENT TEST.
Encircle the letter of the correct answer. If your answer is not among the
choices, write E before each item.

1. Which of the following will make the expression 𝑥2+6𝑥+___ a perfect square trinomial?
A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 D. 12
2. What is the missing term to make the expression 𝑝2 + ______ + 49 a perfect square
trinomial?
A. 16p B. 14p C. 9p D. 4p
3. Which of the following will have a perfect square trinomial on one side of equation if
36 is added to both sides of equation?
A. 𝑥2 – 12𝑥 = −1 B. 𝑥2 – 6𝑥 = −1 C. 𝑥2 – 9𝑥 = −1 D. 𝑥2 +24𝑥 = −1
4. Which of the following is a perfect square trinomial?
A. 𝑥2 – 2𝑥 + 1 B. 𝑥2 – 4𝑥 + 6 C. 𝑥2 – 4 D. 𝑥2 + 9
5. In the expression x – bx + 100, what is the value of b to make the expression a
2

perfect square?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20
B. PERFORMANCE TASK
The scenario below can be represented by a quadratic equation. Write
a mathematical model showing the situation then solve for what is asked on the
problem. If the process of “completing the square” is appropriate to solve for the
unknown, then use it. Otherwise, use other methods that you know.
You will be graded according to the rubric below.

LED television screens are usually

measured by the length of its diagonal.
The television set has 60-inch
diagonal. The screen is 12 inches
wider than its height. Find the
dimensions of the screen.

4 3 2 1
The representation of The representation of The representation of The representation of
the mathematical the mathematical the mathematical the mathematical
equation / sentence equation / sentence equation / sentence equation / sentence
using quadratic using quadratic using quadratic using quadratic
equation is accurate equation is accurate equation is accurate equation is incorrect.
and solve correctly. but not all solve but not solve
correctly. correctly.
8