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PROJECT REPORT
ON
We hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the B.Tech. Project report
entitled DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIPURPOSE MECHANICAL
MACHINE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the BACHELOR OF
TECHNOLOGY IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING and submitted to the PACIFIC
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, Udaipur is an authentic record of my own work carried
out during a period from January 2015 to April 2015
The matter presented in this project report has not been submitted by us for the award of any
other degree elsewhere.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We feel great pleasure in presenting the report of our project “Multipurpose
Mechanical Machine” which finds application in much modern equipment and system
, this project is done in partial fulfilment of B.Tech(Bachelor of Technology) in
Mechanical engineering at Pacific College of Engineering.
We wish to express our sincere gratitude and thanks to our guide Mr. ANKIT
TALESRA, During our whole project work for his inspiration given by him and
guidance showered upon us. He was greatly helpful to us by solving all our queries
and difficulties. We also want to thank our head of department of Mechanical
Engineering and Mr. DHARMRAJ JI SIR (LATHE OPERATOR) without whom
support and guidance this project wouldn’t be possible.
We are extremely thankful to Dr. Prashant Sharma, Director, PCE, Udaipur for
providing us infrastructural facilities to work in, without which this work would not
have been possible.
Last but not the least we are thank full to all our lecturers who showered their help
and guidance during the project work and also our friends who always ready to help.
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ABSTRACT
This thesis deals with the design, development and fabrication of multipurpose mechanical
machine which perform three operations at a time namely drilling, cutting and shaping.
Today we see that these operations are the heart of any workshop/machine shop and they are
indispensable, so for the time saving of any organisation three different operation on three
different job can be performed simultaneously, however jigs and fixtures are required to
attain this, but when our need is specified and particular then this machine can be a time
saving equipment.
This machine is automatic and controlled by electric motor and it is based on the scotch yoke
mechanism. It can be used in small scale industries/workshop to work upon thin metallic
sheets and on wood in carpentry shop.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
2.1 Objective
2.2 Theory
3.1 Components
3.2 Calculation
3.3 Advantage
4.1 drilling
4.2 shaping
4.3 cutting
7 Chapter 7: Conclusion 22
8 Chapter 8: Reference 23
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LIST OF TABLES
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LIST OF FIGURES
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Chapter 1 : PROBLEM DEFINATION
1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT
To design and development of MULTIPURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE , a structure
which is designed for the purpose of multi-operation i.e. DRILLING, CUTTING, SHAPING.
This model of multi operational machine is can be used in industries and domestic operation
which can performed drilling, shaping and cutting of thin metal and wooden surface.
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Chapter 2: MECHANISM OF MACHINE
2.1 Objective
Our machine will perform three operations at a time namely drilling, cutting, shaping.
So our main aim is to find or use a mechanism that can fullfil our demand.
2.2 Theory
Requirement of our machine is conversion of rotary motion to reciprocating motion.
Reciprocating motion, also called reciprocation, is a repetitive up-and-down or back-and-
forth linear motion it is found in a wide range of mechanism including reciprocating engine
and pumps. The two opposite motions that comprises a single reciprocation cycle are called
strokes. We are using scotch yoke mechanism in our machine to provide reciprocating motion
to hacksaw and shaper and bevel gear arrangement for drilling operation. Although not a
common metalworking machine nowadays, crude shapers can use scotch yokes, almost all
those uses a withworth linkage, which gives a slow speed forward cutting speed and faster
return.
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CHAPTER 3: DESIGN OF MODEL
3.1 COMPONENTS OF MACHINE
1. FRAME
2. BEVEL GEAR
3. SKOTCH YOKE MECHANISM
4. MOTOR
5. PULLEY
6. BEARING(Ball Bearing)
7. HACKSAW BLADE
8. TOOL POST
9. DRILLING CHUCK
10. DRILL TOOL
11. SINGLE CUTTING TOOL
12. TABLE
13. NUT AND BOLT
14. OTHER COMPONENT
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Fig.3: Actual view of MPMM
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3.2 CALCULATION
1. CUTTING/SHAPING SPEED
Diameter of pulley A: 25 mm
We know that
NS/Nm = Da/Db
⇒ Ns= Da/Db * Nm
⇒ NS = 25/180 *1440
K=1
Hence
V = (L*N*(1+k)/1000) m/min
V = (50*200*(1+1)/1000) m/min
V=20 m/min
2. DRILLING SPEED
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No. Of teeth on gear (TG) = 9
We know that,
NG/NP = TP/TG
NG = TP/TG * NP
x=22 inch
3.3 ADVANTAGE
Multi operation can be performed at one time.
The return stroke is utilized for cutting.
All operation is performed by only one motor.
Size is compact and require less space.
Time saving
Less man power is required.
Low manufacturing and maintenance cost.
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CHAPTER 4: OPERATION OF MACHINE
Operation performed by machine :-
1. DRILLING
2. SHAPING
3. CUTTING
4.1 DRILLING
Drilling is the operation of producing circular hole in the workpiece by using a rotating cutter
called DRILL.
DRILLING MACHINE
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6. Base
The base of drilling machine supports the entire machine and when bolted to the floor,
provides for vibration free operation and best machining accuracy. The top of the base
is equipped with similar to the worktable and may equipped with t-slot for mounting
work too larger for the table.
Hand feed
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The hand-feed drilling machine are the simplest and the most common type of drilling
machines in use today. These are the light duty machine that are operated by the operator,
using a feed handled, so that the operator is able to feel the action of the cutting tool as it cuts
through the workpiece. These drilling machine can be bench or floor mounted.
Power feed
The power feed drill machine are usually larger and heavier than the hand feed drills. They
are equipped with the ability to feed the cutting tool into the work automatically duty work or
the work that uses large drills that require power feed larger, work piece is usually clamped
directly to the table or base using t-bolts and clamps by a small work places are held in a vice.
A depth-stop mechanism is located on the head, near the spindle, to aid in drilling to a precise
depth.
Specification
Drill size in mm Feed in mm/rev.
3.2 and less 0.025-0.050
3.2 to 6.4 0.050-0.10
6.4 to 12.7 0.10-0.18
12.7 to 25.4 0.18-0.38
25.4 and large 0.38-0.64
4.2 SHAPING
The shaping machine is used to flat metal surfaces specially where a large amount of metal
has to be removed. other machines such as milling machine are much more expensive and are
much more suited for removing smaller amount of metal more accurately.
The reciprocating motion of the mechanism inside the shaping machine can be seen
in the diagram. As the disc rotates the top of the machine moves forward and
backwards pushing a cutting tool. The cutting tool removes the metal from work
which is carefully bolted down.
The shaping machine is a simple yet extremely effective machine. It is used to
remove material, usually metals such as aluminium or steel, to produce a flat surface.
However it can also be used to manufacture gears such rack and pinion gears and
other complex shapes. Inside its shell/casing is ca crank and slider mechanism that
pushes the cutting tool forward and return it to its original position. This motion is
continuous.
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Fig. 5 shaping machine
4.3 CUTTING
A hacksaw is a fine-tooth saw with a blade held under tension in a frame, used for cutting
material such as metal or plastics. Hand held hacksaws consist of a metal arch with a handle,
using a pistol grip, with pins for attaching a narrow disposable. A screw or other mechanism
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Fig. 6 Cutting machine (hacksaw)
is used to put thin blade under tension. The blade can be mounted with the teeth facing either
towards or away from the handle, resulting in cutting action either on the push or pull stroke.
On the push stroke, the arch will flex slightly, decreasing the tension on the blade.
Blades are available in standardized lengths, usually 10 to 12 inches for a standard hand
hacksaw. “Junior ” hacksaws are half this size. Powered hacksaws may used larger blades in
range of sizes, or small machines may use the same hand blades.
Specification of hacksaw
Size of hacksaw blades:-
Thickness: 1.27-2.54 mm
Width: 25.40-50.80 mm
Length: 304.80-609.60 mm
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Work piece material Cutting speed in m/s
Mild steel 0.75
Cast iron 0.50
Brass/Aluminium 1.5
Bronze 1.25
Thin section(pipes and tubes) 1.5
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CHAPTER 5: COSTING OF PROJECT
S.no. Particulars Total quantity Cost rs/unit Total cost
1 Motor 1440 rpm 1 2000 2000
10 Pulley (25mm) 1 50 50
14 Hacksaw tool 1 50 50
15 Shaping tool 1 50 50
17 Paint 2 50 100
19 Cable 1 30 30
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CHAPTER 6: FUTURE IMPLEMENTATION
We can perform various operations like cutting drilling and shaping individually by
introducing coupling (engagement and disengagement) between them.
We can perform grinding operation by introducing a grinding tool at the ain shaft.
We can perform boring operation by introducing a boring tool by replacing drilling tool.
We can change the motor speed by regulator.
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CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION
After completing the major project on “MULTIPURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE” we
are much happy and would like to thank our professor , guide and the lecturers of the
concerned department who have guided us.
While making this project we have been able to learn a lot and understand the various aspect
of “multipurpose mechanical machine” we can use our knowledge , which we get during our
study .
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REFERENCES
The websites
www.technologystudent.com
www.terry-eng27.blogspot.in
www.en.wikipidea.org
www.ask.reference.com
www.dictionary.reference
www.community.machinedesign.com
www.sciencedirect.com
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THE HELPFUL BOOKS
Workshop technology (hazra choudhary)
Theory of Machines (R. S. KHURMI)
Machine design
Production technology
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