1 Module 2 - VOLLEYBALL

2 Module 2 - VOLLEYBALL

COURSE TITLE

P.E. 4- Team Sport and Games

COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course emphasizes on the numbers of players as a team or group competitors to play the
activities or organized sports of less vigorous movements of physical efforts.
This course deals with the forms, movements, and fundamentals of the game such as setting, spiking,
serving, receiving and blocking. It also includes the playing strategies and understanding of the rules.
This subject deal also with the basic skills of basketball, its simple rules, the different terms used, the
different infractions, violations, and penalties.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

In this course, you should be able to:

1. learn the history, strategies, and team players of a team sports;

2. improve skills through participation in lead-up activities that will increase interest and ability to play the
game;
3. satisfy the needs and interest through the participation in well-established games;
4. develop desirable social responses through cooperation and competition.

INTRODUCTION

Volleyball, game played by two teams, usually of six players on a side, in which the players use their
hands to bat a ball back and forth over a high net, trying to make the ball touch the court within the
opponents’ playing area before it can be returned. To prevent this a player on the opposing team bats the
ball up and toward a teammate before it touches the court surface—that teammate may then volley it back
across the net or bat it to a third teammate who volleys it across the net.
This module is divided into two lessons, namely:
Lesson 1 - (Playing the Ball, Play at the Net, Stoppages, and the Delays and Misconduct)
introduces how the volleyball playing the ball, play at the net, how the substitution done, and how the players
given a disciplinary action.
Lesson 2 - (Volleyball Officials, Official Hand Signals, Basic Volleyball Rules, and the Basic
Volleyball Rule Violations) introduces the volleyball officials, official hand signals, and the rules observe in
playing volleyball.

MODULE LEARNING OUTCOMES

In this module, you should be able to:

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1. apply playing the ball, play at the net, and stoppages;

2. interpret playing the ball, play at the net, and stoppages;
3. integrate playing the ball, play at the net, stoppages, and delays and misconduct.
4. identify the volleyball officials;
5. demonstrate the official hand signals of volleyball; and
6. perform volleyball following the basic volleyball rules and the basic volleyball rule violations.

LESSON 1
PLAYING THE BALL, PLAY AT THE NET, STOPPAGES, AND THE DELAYS AND MISCONDUCT

Specific Learning Outcomes

In this lesson, you are expected to:

1. apply playing the ball, play at the net, and stoppages;
2. interpret playing the ball, play at the net, and stoppages; and
3. integrate playing the ball, play at the net, stoppages, and delays and misconduct.

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Instruction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your choice before each number.
1. Which of the following statements is true
a. The ball is in play from the instant the ball is hit on service.
b. The ball is out when it lands without touching the court or lines.
c. The ball is out if it touches the ceiling or an object outside the court or if it touches any part of the net
outside the vertical side markers.
d. All of the above
2. If two faults are committed by opponents at exactly the same time, a _________ is called and the rally
must be replayed.
a. Double fault b. Double play c. Double touch d. Double contact
3. A team is allowed for how many hits?
a. 3 hits b. 4 hits c. 2 hits d. 1 hit
4. When two opponents touch the ball over the net at exactly the same time, this is called a __________.
a. Simultaneous contact b. Assisted hit c. Team hits d. Ball contact
5. The ball must pass over the crossing space. This is the area above the top of the net and between (but not
including) the antennae.
a. Player Touching the Net
b. Ball Crossing
c. Blocker Reaching over the Net
d. Players Under the net
6. Which of the following statement is true about player touching the net?
a. An exception to this is when a player who is not involved in trying to play the ball makes a slight
contact with the net accidentally.
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b. Players are not normally allowed to touch the net during the play.
c. It should be stressed that any kind of action at the net- jumping, landing, attempting to play the ball
(even if no contact is made) or even pretending to play the ball- will all be considered as playing action.
d. All of the above
7. The blocking action is often made without actually touching the ball. This is called the blocking attempt.
a. blocking b. blocking attempt c. completed block d. double block
8. It means that any player who is not on the court at the time of the injury/illness, except the Libero, second
Libero or their regular replacement player may be substituted into the game for the injured/ill player.
a. exceptional substitution b. substitution for expulsion c. illegal substitution d. legal substitution
9. This is the least serious offense, for minor acts of misbehavior such as arguing with the officials, trying to
intimidate opponents and so on.
a. Unsportsmanlike conduct b. Rude Conduct c. Offensive or Aggressive conduct d. misconduct
10. If a player makes a physical attack on another participant, or even an intended aggressive act, the
sanction is immediate disqualification.
a. Unsportsmanlike conduct b. Rude Conduct c. Offensive or Aggressive conduct d. misconduct

LESSON MAP

Delays and
VOLLEYBALL Playing the ball Play at the net Stoppages
Misconduct

The map above shows the process in playing volleyball from the ball, at the net, stoppages, and
delays and misconduct.

CONTENT

ENGAGE

Instruction: Observe this picture and write your observation what this all about.
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EXPLORE

PLAYING THE BALL

 States of Play
A rally begins and ends with the referee’s whistle. The ball is in play from the instant the ball is hit on
service and is out of play as soon as the ball lands or a fault is committed.
The ball is out when it lands without touching the court or lines, or if it touches the ceiling or an object
outside the court or if it touches any part of the net outside the vertical side markers.

A ball which touches an antennae or which would have touched an antenna had it extended to the
ceiling is also considered to be “out” as is a ball which crosses completely underneath the net.
 Playing Faults

Any action contrary to the rules is a playing fault. The consequence of a fault is the loss of the rally.
If two or more faults are committed successively, only the first one is counted. If two faults are committed by
opponents at exactly the same time, a double fault is called and the rally must be replayed.

 Team Hits

A team is allowed a maximum of three hits, on order to return the ball over the net. For the purposes
of this rule, any contact with the block does not count as one of the team’s three touches. A player cannot
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make the first and second (or second and third) of the team’s three touches. There are exemptions to this,
i.e., blocking and first team contact. The same player can, however make the first and third of the team’s
three hits.

 Assisted Hit

A player cannot take support from any object or person, including a team-mate, in order to reach the
ball. Thus, it is illegal, for example, to climb on the post or to lift a team-mate when playing the ball. This
would constitute the fault of assisted hit. This rule applies only to the playing area. Anything outside the free
zone; e.g., the team bench, is exclusive from the rule and so could be used to assist the player.

 Simultaneous Contact

When two opponents touch the ball over the net at exactly the same time, this is called a
simultaneous contact. If the ball stays in play, the team receiving the ball after such a contact is entitled to
three more touches, if such a ball goes out; it is fault against the team on the opposite side.

When two opponents touch the ball at the same time over the net, the ball will often rest in the hands
of both players and sometimes a “Pushing contest” begins. This then constitutes a held ball and a double
fault should be called. In this case a rally shall be replayed.

 Ball Contact

The ball may be touched by any part of the body. Recent rule changes do now allow contact with the
feet and, although the intention behind the change was to allow more freedom in defensive plays, there is no
fault committed a player kicks the ball deliberately in an attempt to play the ball.

The ball must not be caught or thrown. If it is, the fault of held ball is committed. This happens when
the ball rests momentarily in the hands or on the arms or is pushed or lifted. The fault is sometimes called
carried ball.

The ball may contact more than one part of the body provided that these contacts happen at the
same time. If they are not simultaneous, the fault of double contact (sometimes called double touch) is
committed. This is the second type of handling fault, but there are two occasions when is not fault.
First, whenever a player is making the first of the team’s three hits, a double contact is allowed, provided the
player makes only a single action at playing the ball. Second, any players taking part in a block are allowed
to make more than one contact with the ball provided that these touches occur during a single blocking
action.

In fact, player who touches the ball during a block can legally make the next contact as well, since the
block itself does not count as one of the three permitted team contacts.

When judging handling faults, the referee takes into consideration only to the contact between the
player and the ball. It should not matter what sound the contact makes, whether the ball spins or whether it
travels in the intended direction.
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PLAY AT THE NET

 Ball Crossing

The ball must pass over the crossing space. This is the area above the top of the net and between
(but not including) the antennae. The ball is permitted to touch the net while crossing it, except on service.
The ball is also allowed to rebound from the net, in between the vertical side markers, and be played again,
provided the team has not already used its three permitted hits.
A ball which partially crossed the plane of the net, either underneath or outside the crossing space
can be played back into court. Even if the ball completely crossed the plane of the net, outside the crossing
space, it can still be played back within the team’s three hits, provided that the player does not touch the
opponents’ court.

 Player Touching the Net

Players are not normally allowed to touch the net during the play. An exception to this is when a player
who is not involved in trying to play the ball makes a slight contact with the net accidentally. In such cases,
no fault is committed. It should be stressed that any kind of action at the net- jumping, landing, attempting to
play the ball (even if no contact is made) or even pretending to play the ball- will all be considered as playing
action here.

Thus, a player who touches the net during any of these actions will be penalized for making contact
where a player is not involved in any way with playing the ball may be considered exempt from this rule,
practice most contact with the net will continue to be called as faults.

It is never a fault if a player touches the pots, ropes, cables or any other object outside the 9.50m length
of the net. Also, it is not a fault if the net moves and touches a player, for example, if the ball is driven into the
net and this causes the net to touch a player standing close to it.

 Blocker Reaching over the Net

In blocking, a player is allowed to reach completely over the net and make contact with the ball, but only
if this does not interfere with the opponents’ attack. One example of this would be where the opposing team
has already made three contacts is possible, and so a blocker would be allowed to reach completely over the
net and play the ball.

 Players Under the Net

A player can put feet and hands on and over the center line, provided that some part of the foot or hand
remains in contact with the line or directly above it. It is only a fault if the entire foot or hand crosses
completely over this line .Note, however, that this does not apply to any part of the body. For instance, it
is a fault if the knee touches the opponents’ court even slightly over the center line.
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 The Attack-Hit
Any action which directs the ball towards the opponents’ court, however this is made, is
considered to be an attack-hit.

A front-row player can carry out an attack-hit from any part of the court and with the ball at any height
provided that the ball is still on the player’s own side of the net. Thus, there are no restrictions on the type of
hit which can be made by a front-court player.

A back-court player can only attack the ball under certain circumstances. First, if the player is
standing in the back court (i.e. behind the attack line) then an attack-hit is always permitted. This applies
even if the player jumps from behind the attack-line, hits the ball and lands in the front zone, such a play is
perfectly legal. Second, even if the back-court player is clearly standing in the front zone, an attack-hit can
still be made if the ball is not completely above the level of the top of the net.

Back-Row Player’s Attack-Hit

A third consideration for the referee concerns whether the ball travels directly towards a net after such
a back-court hit is a fault only if the attack is completed; i.e., the ball crosses over the net or goes into a
block. The referee can therefore penalize this fault only once the direction of the ball is known and not at the
moment the ball is contacted.

If the back-court player directs the ball toward the opponents while in the front zone and makes
contact with ball when it is completely above the height of the top of the net, the fault of illegal back-court
attack-hit is committed and this penalized as soon as the ball crosses over the net or is touched by the
opponents’ block.

 The Block

Blocking is the action made by players standing close to the net who try to intercept the ball coming
from the opponent’s side by placing their hands or arms over the top of the net.

The blocking action is often made without actually touching the ball. This is called the blocking
attempt.

If a blocker actually touches the ball during the blocking action, this is called completed block.

Sometimes, two (or even three) players will jump together and make a blocking action. This is
permitted but will be considered as a collective block only if the players are close to each other. If this is the
case, the rule which allows blockers to make more than one touch of the ball will apply to all players in the
block.

Hence, the ball may contact players in the several times in quick succession. The team will still be
entitled to three more hits after such a play, since the block does not count as one of the team’s three
permitted contacts.
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The first touch after a block, for example, the first of the team’s three hits can be made by any player,
including the one who may have just touched the ball in the block.

A back-court player is not permitted to take part in a block. If this happens and when any contact
with the ball is made, then the fault of illegal block is committed, even if the back-court player was not the
one who touched the ball. In effect, a back-court player jumping at the net makes the whole block illegal, if
there is any contact with the ball.

It is not permitted for a player to block the service. In fact, it is not allowed to return the service directly
to the opponents at all if contact is made in the front zone and from above the height of the net.

STOPPAGES

 SUBSTITUTION

Volleyball Substitution is an act by which a player enters the game to occupy the position of another player,
who must leave the court at that moment.

HOW MANY SUBSTITUTIONS ARE ALLOWED?

A player of the starting line-up may leave the game, but only once in a set, and re-enter, but only
once in a set, and only to his/her previous position in the line-up.
 Example: The player named John is substituted by the player named Joseph. John is allowed to re-
enter the game, but only in the place of Joseph. After that, John cannot be substituted until the end
of the set.

A substitute player may enter the game in place of a player of the starting line-up, but only once per set, and
he/she can only be substituted by the same starting player.
 EXCEPTIONAL SUBSTITUTION
A player (except the Libero, second Libero or their regular replacement player) who cannot continue
playing due to injury or illness should be substituted legally. If this is not possible, the team is entitled to
make an EXCEPTIONAL substitution.
An exceptional substitution means that any player who is not on the court at the time of the
injury/illness, except the Libero, second Libero or their regular replacement player, may be substituted into
the game for the injured/ill player. The substituted injured/ill player is not allowed to re-enter the match.
An exceptional substitution cannot be counted in any case as a regular substitution but should be
recorded on the score sheet as part of the total of substitutions in the set and the match.

 SUBSTITUTION FOR EXPULSION OR DISQUALIFICATION

An EXPELLED or DISQUALIFIED player must be substituted immediately through a legal
substitution. If this is not possible, the team is declared INCOMPLETE.
 ILLEGAL SUBSTITUTION
A substitution is illegal if it exceeds the limitations indicated in the Rules (except the case of
Exceptional Substitution), or an unregistered player is involved.
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When a team has made an illegal substitution and the play has been resumed the following procedure shall
apply, in sequence:
 REQUESTS FOR STOPPAGES AND TIME- OUT

Proper techniques and mechanics for handling substitutions and time outs

Volleyball Substitution 

Techniques for Handling Time Outs

 When a coach or captain requests a time out, the second referee whistles and steps to the side of
the net of the team requesting the time out. 
 If the time out is on the right of the second referee, the R2 uses the right hand to form the stem of
the T, with the left hand forming the horizontal portion of the T. 
 If the time out is on the left, the left hand will be the stem of the T, while the right hand forms the
horizontal portion. 
 The conclusion of the signal has the hand forming the stem pointing towards the bench of the team
requesting the time out. 
 The first referee repeats the time out signal also indicating with the appropriate hand to the team
bench. 
 After signaling the time out, the second referee will show the first referee the number of time outs
taken by each team. 
 This is done by showing hands about shoulder height in front of the body. 

 The first referee only shows the time out signal and does not indicate the number of time outs taken
by each team. 
 The second referee then begins timing the time outs. 
 The second referee then checks with the score keeper that the visible score is correct and all the
information on the score sheet is recorded properly. 

At the end of the time out 

- At the end of the time out, the second referee will whistle the conclusion of the 30 seconds. There is
no warning whistle. 
- There is always a whistle at the end of the time out even if both teams have taken the court before
time has expired. 
- If a team hasn't taken the court after your whistle, the second referee will then step towards the team
huddle and politely encourage the team to take the court. 
- If needed, it may be appropriate to whistle a second time to encourage teams out of their huddle. 
- When both teams are on the court and after you have ensured the scorekeeper and assistant
scorer are ready for play to resume, the second referee will move into position for the next serve. With
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whistle in mouth, the second referee scans both sides of the court and gives the court back to the first
referee with the ready signal. 

Second team time out 

- If the time out called is the second team time out, the second referee will relay this information to both
the team and the first referee. 
- After whistling both teams back onto the court, the second referee will indicate the number of time
outs taken to the captain or coach who has taken both time outs. 
- When there is no coach, the second referee may need to step onto the court to notify the captain. 

Substitution Rules
- A substitution request is made ONLY when a substitute enters the substitution zone. 
- This means the coach or captain may not request a substitution. 
- Do not whistle a verbal request for substitution. 
- When a team wants to sub more than one player at a time, only one substitute per team in the
substitution zone at a time. 
- A team may have only one request for substitution during any interruption. Also, any number of
substitutions may take place with that one request. 

 IMPROPER REQUEST

An improper request for stoppage is one which is made by the wrong person or at the wrong time
or if the team has already had its permitted number. In such cases there is no penalty and the request is
simply refused, provided the game is not delayed.

If the game is delayed unnecessary, when an improper request is made, then the team will be
sanctioned by the award of a delay warning.

If a team repeats an improper request during the same set, it will automatically be deemed guilty of
delaying the game, irrespective of whether there is any actual delay or not. The team is sanctioned, in the
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first instance by the award of a delay warning (yellow card). Any further improper requests during the same
set will result in the team being sanctioned with the award of a delay penalty (red card).

 INJURY

If a serious accident occurs when the referee should stop play so that the injury can be assessed.
This rally is then replayed. If an injured player cannot be substituted, either legally or exceptionally,
then a 3- minute recovery period is allowed. This will be the case only if the team has just 6 players and
no substitute at all.

This recovery period is permitted only once per player. If the player does not recover within 3 minutes, the
team will be declared incomplete and will lose the set (and match), if the player is still unable to start the
allowing set.

 INTERVALS BETWEEN SETS

All intervals between sets last three minutes. After each set the teams change ends, except in the
deciding 5th set, when a new toss is taken to determine who serves and at which ends the teams play.

DELAYS AND MISCONDUCT

 DELAYS TO THE GAME

The actions of players that delay the game are sanctioned with delay warning and delay penalties:

1. Taking too long to make substitution;

2. Not coming back on court immediately after the end of a time-out, and
3. Not rolling the ball back at the end of a rally.

The referee gives a delay warning against the team. This is not a sanction on an individual player
but against the whole team and warns all players against a repetition. The sanction is indicated when the
referee holds a yellow card up to the wrist.

If any players in the same team delays play for the second time in the same set, a delay penalty is
given against the team. This has effect of losing a rally. This is shown by pointing the red card at the wrist.
If the team was serving, it will lose service, if it was offense, the opponents will score a point.

For every additional time a player of the same team delays the game in the set, another delay penalty
is given, with the same effect. Players cannot be sent off for delaying the game.

 MISCONDUCT

Misconduct is defined as any kind of personal incorrect behavior towards the officials, opponents,
spectators or, or in some cases, even team-mates. As with delaying the game, misconduct is sanctioned by
using the red and yellow cards, but the similarity ends there. Whereas delaying play is a team offense,
misconduct is dealt with on a personal basis. For instance, it is the individual team member who is
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punished, rather than the whole team. All members of the team- including the coach and other non-
playing personnel are governed by the same disciplinary system.

1. Unsportsmanlike Conduct

This is the least serious offense, for minor acts of misbehavior such as arguing with the officials,
trying to intimidate opponents and so on.

On the first occasion this happens, the referee will show the yellow-card and this is called a
misconduct warning.

2. Rude Conduct

This is a more serious offense and results in the award of a misconduct penalty against the team
member, shown by the referee as in a card.

When this happens, the player’s team effectively loses a rally as a result.

If they were serving, service is lost.

If they were receiving service, the opponents will score a point as a result of a red card being shown.

3. Offensive or Aggressive Conduct

If a player makes a physical attack on another participant, or even an intended aggressive act, the
sanction is immediate disqualification.
No previous warning is required and the player concerned must leave the court and the playing area
for the rest of the match.
A disqualified player cannot stay in the warm-up area or sit on the team bench.

There is a fourth sanction available to the referee for when a player is guilty of further misconduct in a
set, after having already been shown the red card. This is an expulsion, and the player is sent off for the
remainder of the set in progress.

EXPLAIN

Instruction: Answer the following questions below.

1. What is simultaneous contact?
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2. How do you know when the ball is in and out?
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3. What are the two faults of ball contact? Explain each.
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4. What is all about player touching the net?
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5. What are the difference between the blocking attempt and completed block?
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6. What is substitution?
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7. What are the delays in volleyball game?
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8. Enumerate misconduct in volleyball and explain each.
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9. Explain exceptional substitution.
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10. What are the substitution rules?
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EXTEND

Instruction: Prepare a video interpreting the playing the ball, play at the net, and stoppages. Follow the
mechanics and rubrics below.
Mechanics:
a. The video must present the most essential aspects of this lesson (the playing the ball, play at the net, and
stoppages)
b. The video must be of good quality and it must be clear.
c. The video must be at least 4 minutes and at most 5 minutes.
d. Be resourceful.

Rubrics
Description Score

Correct interpreting 40

Enthusiasm 10

Total 50

EVALUATE

Instruction: Answer the question below.

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1. In interpreting and knowing some important circumstances in playing volleyball. Do you find it easy or
hard? Why and why not?
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TOPIC SUMMARY

 Playing the ball are the States of Play, Playing Faults, Team Hits, Assisted Hit, Simultaneous
Contact, and Ball Contact
 Play at the net are the Ball Crossing, Player Touching the Net, Blocker Reaching Over the Net,
Players Under the Net, The Attack-Hit, and The Block
 Stoppages are the Substitution, Exceptional Substitution, Substitution for Expulsion or
Disqualification, Illegal Substitution, Requests for Stoppages and Time-out, Improper Requests,
Injury, and Intervals Between Sets
 The referee gives a delay warning against the team. This is not a sanction on an individual player but
against the whole team and warns all players against a repetition. The sanction is indicated when the
referee holds a yellow card up to the wrist.
 If any players in the same team delays play for the second time in the same set, a delay penalty is
given against the team. This has effect of losing a rally. This is shown by pointing the red card at the
wrist. If the team was serving, it will lose service, if it was offense, the opponents will score a point.
 Misconduct is defined as any kind of personal incorrect behavior towards the officials, opponents,
spectators or, or in some cases, even team-mates. As with delaying the game, misconduct is
sanctioned by using the red and yellow cards, but the similarity ends there. Whereas delaying play is
a team offense, misconduct is dealt with on a personal basis.

POST-ASSESSMENT

Instruction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your choice before each number.
1. Which of the following statements is true
a. The ball is in play from the instant the ball is hit on service.
b. The ball is out when it lands without touching the court or lines.
c. The ball is out if it touches the ceiling or an object outside the court or if it touches any part of the net
outside the vertical side markers.
d. All of the above
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2. If two faults are committed by opponents at exactly the same time, a _________ is called and the rally
must be replayed.
a. Double fault b. Double play c. Double touch d. Double contact
3 A team is allowed for how many hits?
a. 3 hits b. 4 hits c. 2 hits d. 1 hit
4. When two opponents touch the ball over the net at exactly the same time, this is called a __________.
a. Simultaneous contact b. Assisted hit c. Team hits d. Ball contact
5. The ball must pass over the crossing space. This is the area above the top of the net and between (but not
including) the antennae.
a. Player Touching the Net
b. Ball Crossing
c. Blocker Reaching over the Net
d. Players Under the net
6. Which of the following statement is true about player touching the net?
a. An exception to this is when a player who is not involved in trying to play the ball makes a slight
contact with the net accidentally.
b. Players are not normally allowed to touch the net during the play.
c. It should be stressed that any kind of action at the net- jumping, landing, attempting to play the ball
(even if no contact is made) or even pretending to play the ball- will all be considered as playing action.
d. All of the above
7. The blocking action is often made without actually touching the ball. This is called the blocking attempt.
a. blocking b. blocking attempt c. completed block d. double block
8. It means that any player who is not on the court at the time of the injury/illness, except the Libero, second
Libero or their regular replacement player may be substituted into the game for the injured/ill player.
a. exceptional substitution b. substitution for expulsion c. illegal substitution d. legal substitution
9. This is the least serious offense, for minor acts of misbehavior such as arguing with the officials, trying to
intimidate opponents and so on.
a. Unsportsmanlike conduct b. Rude Conduct c. Offensive or Aggressive conduct d. misconduct
10. If a player makes a physical attack on another participant, or even an intended aggressive act, the
sanction is immediate disqualification.
a. Unsportsmanlike conduct b. Rude Conduct c. Offensive or Aggressive conduct d. misconduct

REFERENCES

BOOKS:

 Doris D. Tulio, Ph.D., Ma. Liza A. Bueta, D.P.A., Estelita F. Sarmiento, M.A., Josephine B. Battung,
M.A., Team Sports (P.E.4), Copyright by Katha Publishing Co., Inc.
 Doris D. Tulio, Physical Education 4 for College, Published by National Book Store, Philippines
 Edgar C. Jimena, Ball Sports for Fitness, Philippines Copyright 2006 by rex Book Store, Inc.

ONLINE SOURCE
18 Module 2 - VOLLEYBALL

 Physical Education Tips. Retrieved on August 13, 2020 at

https://www.dicaseducacaofisica.info/en/volleyball-substitution-rules/