TRIPP IIT DELHI

P u b l i c Tra n s p o r tat i o n A c c e s s i b i l i t y To o l k i t
Sandeep Gandhi

Road Safety and Road Safety Audit Course

17 March 2021
Public transit is a key component of any sustainable
transportation system of a city. It improves systemic mobility
and can serve to mitigate economic and environmental burdens
that increased auto ownership can impose on the travelling
population.

While, provision of public transit and infrastructure is important,

this alone will not help in increasing the attractiveness of Public
transport. It is also necessary that the system provided is
accessible for its users, so that its full potential is realized. The
system must be accessible and available to the community and its
activity centers and connected with the rest of the transportation
system.

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit - Importance

Public transport users in India are mostly

captive users and not users of the system by
choice

Improving accessibility is key to improving the

attractiveness of public transport.
This is because unlike private transport, Public
transport does not provide point to point
connectivity

City authorities, whose responsibility it is to

ensure accessibility are currently without any
guidance on how to improve it.

Existing Toolkits on public transport have not

addressed accessibility

Toolkit aims to address this gap

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021
 Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit - Importance

Source: Wilbur Smith Associates, 2008

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021
 Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit - Important Aspects

PTA Toolkit Objective : Audit to ensure safe,

comfortable, convenient and attractive access
to public transport

1. Access and egress trips are an integral

part of any type of public transport
mode.
P

2. Making access and egress trip

comfortable, easy and safe is key to
improving attractiveness of public
transport.

3. The system must be accessible and

available to the community and its
activity centers and connected with the
rest of the transportation system

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 PTA Toolkit - Structure

Introduction & background

Subject description

Case studies – best practices

Indian context – policies & regulations

Pre-requisites such as institutional,

financing and capacity building

Inventory and present status

(Checklist) (PART 4)
Planning & design

Implementation and Procurement

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 PTA – Focus: SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This toolkit will focus on accessibility to public transport and not accessibility via public
transport.
This toolkit will focus on accessibility to public transport at the stop level and not the
network level.

Indicators of accessibility to public transport

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 Best Practices

A PT system can thus only be efficient if the comfort and convenience of pedestrians,
cyclists, rickshaw users and other feeder service users in accessing the public transport
facility is considered while planning and designing the system.
Marked Cross ways in case of light traffic Designated Area for street amenities Wide Unobstructed Cycle tracks and
Footpaths

Pedestrian islands in the middle of wide Good Lighting

motor ways Provision of Cycle parking close to Metro
station

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 HOW TO USE THE TOOLKIT?

Public Transport Accessibility Audit can initially be conducted either during the
construction of a new public transport facility or in redesigning an existing facility.
Done once every year across the city

STEP 1 – DEFINE AUDIT AREA

STEP 2 – Define Timing of Audit

STEP 3 – Prepare data required for audit

• Identify location of all bus stops/stations in the route/ corridor
• Identify streets that form part of accessible route to each stop/station.

STEP 4 – Run the Checklist and Score

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 AUDIT

Separate sets of checklists have been provided depending on the public transport system
andMetro
Road type
Rail/ Mono Rail/ Closed BRT
Systems

Metro Rail/ Mono Rail/ Closed BRT Arterial/ Sub arterial Roads Checklist Set 1.1
Systems

Arterial/ Sub arterial Roads Checklist Set 1.1

Local/ Collector Roads Checklist Set 1.2

Local/ Collector Roads Checklist Set 1.2

Regular city bus/ Open BRT

Systems

Regular city bus/ Open BRT Arterial/ Sub arterial Roads Checklist Set 2.1
Systems

Local/Sub
Arterial/ Collector
arterialRoads
Roads ChecklistSet
Checklist Set2.1
2.2

Local/ Collector Roads Checklist Set 2.2

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 AUDIT
STEP 1 – DEFINE AUDIT AREA
The area in which the audit has to be carried out is dependent on the type of road user
Type of Road User City Bus System Mass Transit System
(in m) (Metro/BRT)(in m)
Pedestrian 300 - 500 Every 100m in a 500m stretch
Cyclist 1000- 1200 2000- 2500 Every 300m on a 1500m stretch for bus
Every 500m on a 2500m stretch for a mass
transit
Auto & MV 1500- 1800 3000- 3500 Every 50m on a 250m stretch
Bus ≃ 2000 ≃4000 Every 100m on a 500m stretch
*Source: vtpi.org

~
2000m

1500m –
1800m

400m

1000m –
1200m

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 CHECKLIST
For each PT system there are Eight Checklists are:

Check List 1: Accessibility to Pedestrians focus on infrastructural facilities and will

help in rating the existing facilities through
Check List 2: Accessibility to Cyclists
a scoring system. The final scores that are
Check List 3: Accessibility to IPT Users calculated with this check lists will help the
Check List 4: Accessibility to MV Users city authorities in prioritizing the problem
Check List 5: Accessibility to Bus Users areas and devote funds accordingly.

are used to study the environment in which the

Check List 6: Driver Behaviour public transport stop or station is located. These
checklists will study the behaviour of road users as
Checklist 7: Pedestrian Behaviour well the traffic volumes on the roads. Studying
Check List 8: Traffic volume environmental factors helps in understanding
which areas require infrastructural intervention to
improve accessibility.
Access Mode Type Score(A) %age (B) = Weight(C) (D)= (A) x (C)
Score x100
Pedestrian 4
accessibility
Cyclist accessibility 4
IPT User accessibility 4
Motor vehicle User 4
accessibility
Bus User accessibility 3
Total 19
Recommendations
•If the score is greater than 80% it is good.
•If the score is between 50 to 80% it is fair.
•If the score is less than 50% it is poor.
Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021
 Example – Access to Hauz Khas Metro Station , New Delhi

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 01 - Pedestrian Accessibility Audit
Comfort of Pedestrian / Quality of Footpath Safety of pedestrians
1. Buffer Zone/ Segregation of FP
1. Pavement type
from Road and CT
2. Width of footpath
2. Availability of Crossings (frequency
3. Height of footpath
of crossings)
4. Cleanliness and maintenance of footpath
3. Type of Crossing (Traffic calming
5. Provision of amenities (lighting, Hawkers
devices slow traffic
exclusive zone, cover from sun and rain, etc.)
4. Difficulty in crossing / Time taken
6. Provision of Disability friendly Infrastructure
for crossing
(tactile flooring, audible signals,
5. Time taken to cross the access
railing,ramps)
routes to main arterial road. These
7. Degree of obstructions on footpaths
are the roads which are not
(obstructions such as trees, parking vehicles,
signalized and leads to main road.
hawkers and vendors etc. should be absent)
6. Light after dark (Visibility to walk
8. Signage for Pedestrians
after dark)
7. Land use along the footpath

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 02 - Cyclist Accessibility Audit

Comfort of Cyclist / Quality of Cycle Track Safety of cyclists

1. Pavement type (Track surface) 1. Buffer Zone/ Segregation from

2. Width of cycle track (Sizes of MV Lane Width of cycle track
cycle track- Standard width for (Sizes of cycle track- Standard
footpath is 2.5 m) width for footpath is 2.5 m)
3. Height of Cycle track 2. Light after dark (Visibility to ride
(Sizes of cycle track- standard after dark)
height is 150 mm) 3. Traffic Calming at T- Junctions
4. Slope of cycle track (Speed breakers, raised crossing,
5. Shade rumble strips, etc.)
6. Tapering of cycle track at 4. Land use along the cycle track
intersections (reducing width for
Continuity for cyclists/ cycle tracks
cyclists to increase turning radius
for MV'sand it is not good for 1. Barrier Free cycle track
cyclist) 2. Cycle track signage
7. Parking facility for cycles 3. Markings showing the continuity of cycle
8. Parking cost for cyclists tracks at intersection
9. Signage for bicyclists 4. Ramps to get off/ on at intersections

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 03 - IPT User Audit
Facilities around the transit stop
Pick up and Drop off facility
Parking for IPT (inside the NMV Lane)
Circulation
Signage

04 - MV User Audit
Facilities around the transit stop
Pick up and Drop off facility
Circulation
Signage

05 - Bus User Audit

Availability of Bus Stops

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 06 - Driver Behaviour
Did not yield to people crossing the street
Turned into people crossing the street
Were drivers driving too fast to make you feel unsafe
Speed up to make it through traffic lights or drove through traffic lights
Did not stop at stop signs
Stopped inside of the crosswalk
07 - Pedestrian Behaviour
Not Crossing within crosswalk
Not waiting for traffic to stop before crossing
Dashing out into the street
Running to catch a bus
Disobeying traffic signals
Walking/running along roadway
08 - Vehicle Speed + Hourly Volume

Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021

 COST IMPROVEMENT
Based on the results, the city official can mitigate the effects by correct infrastructure
design and allocating the adequate funds . The PTA Toolkit provides a guideline to design
lacking access and connectivity to PT for various users – cost Rs. 2.3 crore per km
S. No Component List of Items Cost/ Km
(in Rs.
crores)
1 Development of Footpath Dismantling of existing surface and structures 0.0001
(2m Width) Excavation 0.0078
Base courses (GSB+DLC) 0.2503
60mm thick CC paver blocks on sand bed 0.2970
CC Kerb stone edges 0.0720
Total 0.6271
2 Cycle Track Development Dismantling of existing surface and structures 0.0000
(2m Width) Excavation 0.0067
Base courses (GSB+DLC) 0.5772
M40 CC pavement + pavement marking 0.8155
CC Kerb stone segregator 0.0000
Total 1.3994
3 Parking Bus Shelters i.e. Parking space for Buses
Parking for Cycles and Public Bicycle Sharing
Parking for Para-transit i.e. Auto-rickshaws and Cycle
Rickshaws
4 Provision of Functional Lighting Foundations, including excavation 0.0426
Provision of new light poles with fittings, wires, etc. 0.2475
Dismantling of existing light poles 0
Total 0.2901
Public Transport Accessibility Toolkit I Safety Course I March 2021
http://www.iutindia.org/CapacityBuilding/Toolkits.aspx

https://www.dropbox.com/s/mc9sennz16n1mxo/Public%20Transport%20Accessibility%
20Toolkit.pdf?dl=0

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