ASSIGNMENT- 4

Fluid Mechanics

1. What is fluid mechanics used for?

a) Fluid mechanics enables to comprehend the behavior of solid fluids under pressure
b) Fluid mechanics enables to comprehend the behavior of fluids under a variety of forces & atmospheric conditions
c) Fluid mechanics enables to comprehend the behavior of fluids under various temperatures only
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: Fluid mechanics enables to comprehend the behavior of fluids under a variety of forces and atmospheric
conditions, as well as to select the appropriate fluid for a variety of applications.

2. What is fluid mechanics?

a) Study of fluid behavior at rest
b) Study of fluid behavior in motion
c) Study of fluid behavior at rest and in motion
d) Study of fluid behavior at rest and in motion

Answer: The study of fluid behavior (liquids, gases, blood, and plasmas) at rest and in motion is known as fluid
mechanics. Fluid mechanics has numerous applications in mechanical and chemical engineering, as well as
biological and astrophysical systems.

3. Which of the following is the basic principle of fluid mechanics?

a) Momentum principle
b) Energy equation
c) Continuity equation
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: The continuity equation (i.e. mass conservation), the momentum principle (or momentum conservation), and
the energy equation are the three basic fluid mechanics principles.

4. Which of the following equations is a result of momentum conservation for inviscid steady flows?
a) Bernoulli’s equation
b) Navier-Stokes equation
c) First law of thermodynamics
d) Euler’s equation

Answer: Bernoulli’s equation is an energy conservation equation which is obtained by integration of the Euler
equation. Navier-Stokes equation is a force balance equation. The first law of thermodynamics is an energy
conservation equation, too. Euler’s equation is a momentum equation. This equation is valid for inviscid steady flows.

5. The Bernoulli’s equation in fluid dynamics is valid for _________

a) Compressible flows
b) Transient flows
c) Continuous flows
d) Viscous flows

Answer: To answer this equation, we need to know the assumptions used in Bernoulli’s equation. The Bernoulli’s
theorem is only valid for ideal, steady, incompressible, continuous, inviscid and irrotational flows. So, out of the
options, only continuous flows fit in the assumptions.
6. In the equation,

the unit of E CANNOT be written as ______

a) m2/s2
b) J/kg
c) Pa/m3
d) kg.m/s2

Answer:  From the last term, we can deduce that m2/s2 can be the unit of E. From the first term, we get Pa/m3 and
J/kg is equivalent. Kg.m/s2 is not of the same dimension. Hence, that is the correct choice.

7. The compressible flow is assumed to be _____________

a) adiabatic only
b) isentropic only
c) Isentropic and adiabatic
d) Polytropic

Answer: Compressible flow is a branch of fluid mechanics that deals with different types of flow. Its main significance
lies in the change in fluid density. It deals with gas dynamics. Flow is assumed to be isentropic.

8. When a fluid is subjected to resistance, it undergoes a volumetric change due to __________

a) Cohesion
b) Strain
c) Compressibility
d) Adhesion

Answer: Compressibility is defined as a measure of relative change in volume of a fluid. In fluid mechanics, it is also
called as isothermal compressibility due to increase in pressure and temperature.

9. Principle of fluid mechanics works on the utilization of________

a) Velocity
b) Accelerating mass
c) Volume
d) Work

Answer: The Principle of fluid mechanics works on the utilization of useful work. The working is based on the force
exerted by a fluid jet striking the surface and moving over a series of vanes about its axis.

10. Which of the following is a type of fluid based on viscosity?

a) Real Fluid
b) Ideal Fluid
c) Newtonian Fluid
d) All of the mentioned

11. The viscous force the relative motion between the adjacent layers of a fluid in motion. Which of the
following flowing fits best in the sentence?
a) never affects
b) may effect under certain conditions
c) facilitates
d) opposes

Answer: Viscosity is the internal friction of a fluid in motion. It is the property by the virtue of which the relative motion
between two adjacent fluid layers is opposed.
12. Pressure variation for compressible fluid is maximum for which of the following kind of process?
a) Adiabatic
b) Quasi Static
c) Isothermal
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: Due to constant temperature, pressure variation for compressible fluid is maximum for isothermal process.

13. Which of the following equation must be perfunctorily satisfied while dealing with fluid flow problems?
a) Newton’s third law
b) Law of conservation of momentum
c) Continuity equation
d) Newton’s second law

Answer: Continuity equation must be perfunctorily satisfied while dealing with fluid flow problems.

14. Which among the following is not global parameters of fluid?

a) Mass flow rate
b) Density
c) Viscosity
d) External diameter

Answer: External diameter is not a global parameter. It is one of the most essential pipelining parameters. It helps in
determining the type of pipe and material to be used for the same.

15. When is a fluid called turbulent?

a) High viscosity of fluid
b) Reynolds number is greater than 2000
c) Reynolds number is less than 2000
d) The density of the fluid is low

Answer: Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity. It helps to predict the flow pattern in fluid mechanics. At high
Reynolds number, the flow has a very high density, due to which the value of Reynolds number is greater than 2000.

16. If a person studies about a fluid which is at rest, what will you call his domain of study?
a) Fluid Dynamics
b) Fluid Mechanics
c) Fluid Statics
d) Fluid Kinematics

Answer: Fluid Mechanics deals with the study of fluid at rest or in motion with or without the consideration of forces,
Fluid Statics is the study of fluid at rest, Fluid Kinematics is the study of fluid in motion without consideration of forces
and Fluid Dynamics is the study of fluid in motion considering the application forces.

17. Which among the following is referred to as the temperature at a stagnation point in the flow of fluids in
fluid mechanics and thermodynamics.
a) Absolute temperature
b) Maximum temperature
c) Stagnation temperature
d) Hydraulic temperature

Answer: Stagnation temperature is the temperature at the stagnation point of the flow of fluids. In thermodynamics
and fluid mechanics, these terms find application. At a stagnation point the speed of the fluid is zero and all of the
kinetic energy has been converted to internal energy and is added to the local static enthalpy.
18. When is the fluid called laminar?
a) Low viscosity
b) The density of the fluid is high
c) Reynolds number is greater than 2000
d) Reynolds number is less than 2000

Answer: Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity. It helps to predict the flow pattern in fluid mechanics. At low
Reynolds number, the flow has a very low density, due to which the value of Reynolds number is less than 2000.

19. Stagnation point is the point in fluid mechanics where the velocity of the fluid at that point is _____
a) unity
b) constant
c) infinite
d) zero

Answer: Stagnation point is the point in fluid mechanics where the velocity of the fluid at that point is zero. Stagnation
points occur at places where the fluid is brought to a state of rest by an object. They usually exist at the surface of
objects.

20. When the body is completely or partially immersed in a fluid, how much its weight be distributed for it to
be in stable equilibrium.
a) Is independent of weight distribution
b) Around the lower part
c) Around the upper part
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: When the weight distribution is around the lower part, the centre of gravity is at lower portion and hence
below the centre of buoyancy which is condition for stable equilibrium.
 ASSIGNMENT- 5

Fluid Mechanics
1. Science of precise and accurate measurement of various physical quantities is termed as ___________
a) Metrology
b) Meteorology
c) Pedology
d) Mineralogy

2. In a measuring system quantity under measurement is termed as ________________

a) Measurand
b) Controllers
c) Sensors
d) Indicators

3. In a measurement, what is the term used to specify the closeness of two or more measurements?
a) Precision
b) Accuracy
c) Fidelity
d) Threshold

4. Accuracy and Precision are dependent on each other.

a) True
b) False

5. During a measurement, for a measure value “B”, absolute error is obtained as “A”, what will be the relative
error of measurement?
a) A/B
b) B/A
c) (A+1)/B
d) (B+A)/A

6. In a measuring system what is the term used to specify a difference between higher and lower calibration
values?
a) Range
b) Span
c) Drift
d) Threshold

7. Using a voltmeter measured value is 24.3V, while its true value is 24V. What is the relative error of
measurement?
a) 1.25%
b) 1.2%
c) 1.3%
d) 1.4%

8. ______________ is used to prevent oscillation in moving system.

a) Oscillatory system
b) Controlling
c) Damping system
d) Deflecting

9. What is the span of an ammeter with range -30 to +30A?

a) 60
b) -60
c) 30
d) 20
10. Given a DC voltmeter has a sensitivity of 500ohm/V. For a full scale reading in 100V range, what will be
the current through voltmeter?
a) 500mA
b) 200mA
c) 250mA
d) 300mA

11. What will be the sensitivity of a voltmeter for 0 to 50mA meter movement?
a) 20ohm/V
b) 25ohm/V
c) 50ohm/V
d) 5ohm/V

12. Using an instrument for measuring capacitance gives an output 203.5nF whereas true value is 203.9nF.
What will be the static correction of the instrument?
a) -0.4nF
b) 0.4nF
c) 1nF
d) 0.5nF

13. Which of the following is caused by careless handling?

a) Systematic error
b) Gross error
c) Random error
d) None of the mentioned

14. ‘A system will be error free if we remove all systematic error’.

a) True
b) False

15. Which of the following is not a fundamental quantity?

a) Length
b) Angle
c) Time
d) Luminous intensity

16. Which standard is fixed and used for industrial laboratories?

a) International standard
b) Primary standard
c) Secondary standard
d) Working standard

17. Which of the following error is caused by poor calibration of the instrument?
a) Random error
b) Gross error
c) Systematic error
d) Precision error

18. How systematic errors are eliminated?

a) Frequent measurement
b) Replacement of instrument
c) Finding mean of reading
d) Finding variance of reading

19. Which of the following represents an SI unit of luminous intensity?

a) Lumen
b) Candela
c) Dioptre
d) None of the mentioned
20. Starting position of an object is represented as x=5.1±0.2m and finishing position as y=6.9±0.3m. What
will be the displacement and error in displacement?
a) Displacement = 1m, Error = 0.5m
b) Displacement = 2m, Error = 0.36m
c) Displacement = 1.8m, Error = 0.36m
d) Displacement = 1.5m, Error = 0.4m