CERTIFICATE

V.P.M.P. Polytechnic, Sector-15

Gandhinagar

Date:

This is to certify that dissertation entailed “Solar Grass Cutter” has been carried
out by :-

Kevin Vaishnav – (156540319124)

Harshit Vyas – (156540319125)

Dhruvil Patel – (156540319555)

Kashyap Nayee - (156540319055)

Mitesh Patel – (156540319081)

under my guidance in fulfillment of the degree of Diploma Engineering in

Mechanical Engineering(6th Semester) of Gujarat Technological University,
Ahmedabad during the academic year 2017-18
Guide: -

Head of Department:-

2 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I have taken efforts in these projects. However, it would not have been possible
without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I
would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them.

I thank our gods for providing me with everything that I required in completing
this project.

I have highly in Charge Mr. Sugnesh Patel for his guidance and constant
supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project
& also thanks for our principal sir Professor Anand J. Patel for his support in
completing the project.

I would like to express my gratitude towards our parents for their kind
cooperation and encouragement which helped me in the completion of this
project.

I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to industry persons for
giving me such attention and time.

My thanks and appreciations also go to my classmates in developing the project

and to people who have willingly helped us out with their abilities.

3 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 ABSTRACT

The Solar Grass Cutter is a mechanical device used for cutting grass with the help
of solar energy instead of electricity.

First of all its body is made with the help of hollow square bar, then caster wheel is
placed below the body of square bar.

Then incline fiber plate is kept on a body, then on incline fiber plate solar panel is
kept. Which transmit solar energy & then solar energy is converted into electrical
energy & electrical energy is converted in to mechanical energy. This electrical
energy is transmitted to electric motor.

On the shaft of the electric motor a blade is connected having cutting edge which
cut’s the grass.

4 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 Table of Content

CHAPTER-1_ INTRODUCTION......................................................7
1.1 Introduction.............................................................................................7
1.2 Aim of project..........................................................................................8

CHAPTER-2_SELECTION OF PROJECT….........................9
2.1 Hover board…........................................................................................9
2.2 Solar water sprinkler.............................................................................10
2.3 Three tyre way trolley...........................................................................10
2.4 Solar Grass Cutter..................................................................................11

2.5 Market survey.........................................................................................11

CHAPTER-3_BASIC THEORETICAL CONCEPT.................12

3.1 Theory....................................................................................................12

CHAPTER-4_PART LIST…..............................................14

4.1 Solar Panel..............................................................................................15

4.2 Battery......................................................................................................16

4.3 Motor.......................................................................................................16

4.4 Blade.........................................................................................................17

4.5 PVC Pipe.................................................................................................17

4.6 Coupling & Reducer................................................................................18

5 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 4.7 Caster Wheel.............................................................................................18

4.8 Fiber Sheet.....................................................................................19

4.9 Switch...........................................................................................19
4.10 Wire..............................................................................................20

4.11 Normal Wheel.............................................................................20

4.12 Circuit.........................................................................................21

4.13 Remote.......................................................................................21

4.14 Small Battery.............................................................................22

4.15 Transistor...................................................................................22

CHAPTER-5_FINAL COSTING....................................................23

CHAPTER-6_ADVANTAGES............................................24

CHAPTER-7_APPLICATIONS............................................25

CHAPTER-8_CONCLUSION.............................................26

6 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 List of figure
SR. NO. FIGURES PAGE NO.
1. A Person With Solar Grass Cutter 8
2. Hover Board 9
3. Solar Water Sprinkler 10
4. Three Tyre Way Trolley 10
5. Solar Grass Cutter 11
6. Solar Panel 15
7. Battery 16
8. Motor 16
9. Blade 17
10. PVC Pipe 17
11. Coupling & Reducer 18
12. Caster Wheel 18
13. Fibre Sheet 19
14. Switch 19
15. Wire 20
16. Normal Wheel 20
17. Circuit 21
18. Remote 21
19. Small Battery 22
20. Transistor 22

7 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 _INTRODUCTION

Due to the continuous increase in the cost of fuel and the effect of emission of
gases from the burnt fuel into the atmosphere, this necessitated the use of the
abundant solar energy from the sun as a source of power to drive a lawn mower.

A solar powered lawn mower was designed and developed, based on the general
principle of mowing. The designed solar powered lawnmower comprises of direct
current (D.C) motor, a rechargeable battery, solar panel, a stainless steel blade and
control switch. Mowing is achieved by the D.C motor which provides the required
torque needed to drive the stainless steel blade which is directly coupled to the
shaft of the D.C motor.

The solar powered lawnmower is operated by the switch on the board which
closes the circuit and allows the flow of current to the motor which in turn drive
the blade used for mowing. The battery recharges through the solar charging
controller. Performance evaluation of the developed machine was carried out with
different types of grasses.

The sun provides sustainable amount of the energy used for various purposes on
earth for atmospheric system. The difference is just the application of the energy
source. It is assumed that a lawnmower using solar as the energy source will
address a number of issues that the standard internal combustion engine and
electric motors lawn mowers do not.

A lawnmower with solar energy will be easier to use, it eliminates down time by
frequent trips to the gas station for fill-ups and danger associated with gasoline
spillage. The dangerous emissions generated by the gasoline spillage and that of
the internal combustion engine into the atmosphere are eliminated. The solar
powered lawnmower will help to reduce air pollution. Thus solar grass cutter is
used.
8 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
1.2 AIM OF PROJECT

To make up students mind, not only to work individually but also to work item.

To get the knowledge of each student in various subjects which he has studied
before?

To prepare a team, not only to make project but, also to decide design, cost of raw
material and advantages and limitations of them.

The students can know that which and what kind of difficulties and constrains they
have to face and find the right decision difficult it.

FIGURE 1.1 A PERSON WITH SOLAR GRASS CUTTER

9 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 CHAPTER – 2 SELECTION OF PROJECT

Before selection of the project, discussion has to be between the team members
and their requirement in routing activities. We think on a similar product
whether it is available I marked or not thinking by different kinds of it features.

We can make modified product having more advantages at economics cost. Also
we have to consider the feasibility as well as suitability for available resources and
facilities to carry out the project work.

The following projects are under consideration.

2.1 Hover board

FIGURE1.2 HOVER BOARD

10 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

2.2 SOLAR WATER SPRINKLER

FIGURE 1.3 SOLAR WATER SPRINKLER

2.3 THREE TYRE WAY TROLLEY

FIGURE 1.4 THREE TYRE WAY TROLLEY

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2.4 Solar Grass Cutter

FIGURE 1.5 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER

We have selected the solar grass cutter as our project.

2.5 MARKET SURVEY

The study of the spending characteristics and purchasing power of the

consumer who are within your business's geographic area of operation; a
research method for defining the market parameters of a business.

We can with stand in the market but, we should have two things one thing
is that the project we have chosen never face any problem regarding it’s
working. On the basis of concept of products the market survey and group
discussion we had find that our project can be used in stunts in the sky.

Without doubt we have selected the solar grass cutter because for saving the
energy, fuel and the power supply.

12 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

CHAPTER – 3 BASIC THEORY AND CONCEPTS
3.1 THEORY:-

 Working process:
Intelligent information appliance is the main direction of development in the
appliance control at irrigation fields. We designed a broad and commendable range
of Solar Grass Cutter along with solar panel. As the energy conversation is very
important in the current scenario and should be done to a maximum extent where
ever it is possible. Still, these mowers grass cutting machineries all need the same
things to work right -- a motor, a rotating blade, a means of getting around and a
way to get rid of the grass clippings.

The controlling device of the whole system is provided using switch ON the DC
motor interfaced with grass cutting blades. The entire model consists of two
sections one controlling section and another designing section of the model. The
controlling section consists of Rechargeable battery, relays switches and Solar
panel. The system depending on the charging circuit the motor can be controlled
using relay switch. The solar power stores the energy to a battery and then runs the
motor through the relay switch.

13 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

  Design:

In designing the cutting blade, the force required to cut the lawn as well as the
force acting on the blade was considered. The force required by any sharp object
to have impact on the grass is less than 10 Newton. It is also dependent on the
height, density and the area covered by the object (Atkins, 1984). Therefore, in
designing the blade of the solar powered lawn mower, the force required for
effective mowing should be greater than 10 Newton.

A stainless steel was used in the construction of the cutting blade because of its
strength and weight which can transmit same speed as that of the DC motor or a
little less cause of friction.

14 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 CHAPTER – 4 PART LIST

SR.NO. DISCRIPTIONS NO OF PIECES

1. Solar Panel 1

2. Battery 1
3. Motor 2
4. Blade 1

5. PVC Pipe 26

6. Coupling, & Reducer 24

7. Caster Wheel 2

8. Fibre Sheet 1

9. Switch 2

10. Wire 4 meter

11. Normal Wheel 2

12. Circuit 1

13. Remote 1

14. Small Battery 2

15. Transistor 4

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4.1 Solar Panel:

FIGURE 1.6 Solar panel

 First the solar cells are joints with the use bus bar and flux.

 Then according to use of solar panel, series and parallel connection are
given to the point

 Solar panel is used to save the electric energy .It is also use store the
energy with the help of battery.

16 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 4.2 Battery:

FIGURE 1.7 Battery

 Solar power can be store in the rechargeable battery and can be

further used for the grass cutting machine to run.

4.3 MOTOR:

Figure 1.8 Motor

 This motor is used for the rotating the blade and when the blade is
rotated the grass is cut. The motor is rotated at 2000 RPM.

 The motor is also used to rotate the wheel which move the body.
17 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
 4.4 BLADE:

Figure 1.9 Blade

 We have used the homemade blade. In which there are

four wings.

4.5 PVC PIPE:

Figure 2.1 PVC Pipe

 We have used the PVC pipe to make the body structure.

 By using PVC pipe the weight of the structure reduce, so the body
moves easily.

18 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

4.6 Coupling & Reducer:

Figure 2.2 Coupling & Reduce

 We have used the coupling & reducer in the body.

4.7 Caster Wheel:

Figure 2.3 caster wheel

 We used the caster wheel for moving the body

 Caster wheel are used to move high load object. With the help of caster
body move easily.
19 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
 4.8 Fiber Sheet:

Figure 2.3 Fiber Sheet

 We have used the fiber to cover the body of the project.

 And we have used to kept the solar panel.

4.9 Switch:

Figure 2.4 Switch

 We have used the to ON OFF the blade.

 And for the circuit to do ON & OFF.

20 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 4.10 Wire:

Figure 2.5 Wire

 We have used the wire for giving different connection in motor,

circuit, transistor, etc.

4.11 Normal wheel:

Figure 2.6 Normal wheel

 It is used for giving feed to the front wheel.

 The motors are connected with this two wheel.

21 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 4.12 Circuit:

Figure 2.7 Circuit

 The brain of the project is the circuit.

 With the help of circuit the whole system of the project run’s.

4.13 Remote:

Figure 2.8 Remote

 We used the remote to control the solar grass cutter

.
 With the help of remote we can move the body.

22 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 4.14 Small Battery:

Figure 2.9 Small Battery

 We have used the of 9v to give the power to the circuit.

4.15 Transistor:

Figure 2.10 Transistor

 We used the transistor in the circuit to give the current.

 We used the four transistors in the circuit.

23 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 CHAPTER – 5 FINAL COSTING

SR.NO. DISCRIPTIONS PRICE

1. Solar Panel 1000

2. Battery 700
3. Motor 950
4. Blade 60

5. PVC pipe 150

6. Coupling, & Reducer 500

7. Caster wheel 300

8. Fibre Sheet 100

9. Switch 10

10. Wire 40

12. Circuit 50

13. Remote 50

14. Small battery 60

15. Transistor 30

TOTAL 4100

24 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 CHAPTER – 6 ADVANTAGES

 As there is no friction between parts, less maintenance is required.

 It does not cause any environmental pollution.

 As it is working on solar no fuel cost.

 More life of the solar panel.

 As the battery is used for backup it can be run in night also.

 High efficiency.

 We can reduce the wastage of power.

 Very easy to use.

 Low weight and easy to move any were.

 Easy assemble and disassemble.

 Design of it is compact.

25 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 CHAPTER – 7 APPLICATIONS

 It can be used in garden at home.

 It can be used in Public Park.

 It can be used in college.

 It can be used in party plots.

26 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.

 CHAPTER – 8 CONCLUSION

In the world today, all machines are designed with the aim of reducing or
eliminating green house gas emissions which is the major causes of climate
change. This solar powered grass cutter will meet the challenge of environmental
production and low cost of operation since there is no cost for fuelling. A solar
powered lawn mower has been developed for the use of residences and
establishments that have lawns where tractor driven mowers could not be used.
The machine’s capacity is adequate for its purpose. The machine has proved to be
a possible replacement for the gasoline powered grass cutter. In the presented
paper provides the fabricated information about the “Fabrication of Solar grass
Cutting Machine” which was designed such that the solar plate generates solar
energy and utilizing this energy for running the grass cutter motor. Integrating
features of all the hardware components used have been developed in it. Presence
of every module has been reasoned out and placed carefully, thus contributing to
the best working of the unit. Secondly, using highly advanced IC’s with the help of
growing technology, the project has been successfully implemented. Thus the
project has been successfully designed and tested.

27 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.