11

Reading and Writing

Learning Activity Sheet
Quarter 2 – MELC 1
Identifying the Context in
Which a Text Was Developed

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

Reading and Writing (Grade 11)
Activity Sheet No. 1
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western

Visayas.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Reading and Writing Learning Activity Sheet

Writer: HERSHEY K. ARANAS

Editors: Gracelle V. Gapit, Eric G. Buenafe, Melva C. Barranco
Illustrators:
Layout Artist: Hershey K. Aranas
Schools Division Quality Assurance Team:
Arnaldo R. Tuga, EPS-English
Leila G. Valencia, EPS-LR
Jezreel Grace G. Tiron
Bernie P. Alcedo
Division of Iloilo City Management Team:
Ma. Luz M. De los Reyes, SDS
Ernesto F. Servillon Jr., ASDS
Arlo L. Villalva, CID Chief
Dr. Jerry M. Lego, SGOD Chief
Leila G. Valencia, EPS-LR
Arnaldo R. Tuga, EPS-English
Regional Management Team:
Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma, CESO V
Dr. Josilyn S. Solana
Dr. Elena P. Gonzaga
Mr. Donald T. Genine
Dr. Nestor Paul M. Pingil

Welcome to Reading and Writing!

 The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the
Schools Division of Iloilo City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas
through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is
developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible
adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic Education
Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed to

guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the
contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Reading and Writing Learning Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the
teaching-learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency
(MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you and learner. This will
be made available to the learners with the references/links to ease the independent
learning.

For the learner:

The Reading and Writing Learning Activity Sheet is developed to help you
continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material provides you
with meaningful and engaging activities for independent learning. Being an active
learner, carefully read and understand the instructions then perform the activities and
answer the assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed
schedule.
 Quarter 2, Week 1

Learning Activity Sheet (LAS) in Reading and Writing Grade 11

Name of Learner: _____________________ Grade and Section: __________________

Date: ______________________________

READING AND WRITING LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Identifying the Context in Which a Text Was Developed

I. Learning Competency (MELC)

Identify the context in which a text was developed
a. Hypertext
b. Intertext
II. Background Information for Learners

Behind every writing of a text is an inspiration that often leaves clues about the situation or
the reality that serves as the backdrop of the text which is known as the context of the text.

There are two ways by which a text is developed. First is through hypertext.

Hypertext is writing on the web that includes the use of hyperlinks (which may include
sound and graphic). This is what makes it different from regular reading and writing. Mostly, we
read texts from top to bottom, left to right, and front to back. However, we do not necessarily
read hypertext in the same linear way. 

Example:

Clicking the hyperlink “Gaia” takes you to another page with

the image of Gaia or other related articles

The first Greek goddess, Gaia, was the earth in its mineral
form – its rocks and soils, its mountains and its plains. From
its solid and seemingly inert state, it became vibrant with the
potential for new life. The first manifestation of that new vitality
was Ouranos, god of the sky, spontaneously conceived within
the womb of the great Earth Mother Gaia, with whom he would
subsequently father children.

Sample of hypertext from a web page

Links to another web page (ex. photo of Gaia)

In other words, hypertexts present information to readers by letting them create their own
path and meaning out of the material. Based on the example above, the reader can proceed
first by clicking the hyperlink “Gaia” to see the picture or read few articles about the topic before
finishing the entire paragraph.
 Another way a text is developed is through intertext.
Intertext is the term coined by Julia Kristeva in 1960s that deals with how different texts
exist through their relation to other literary texts. Basically, a text is always influenced by
previous texts.

Recognizing and understanding intertextuality leads to a richer reading experience which

invites new interpretations as it brings another context, idea, and story into the text at hand.

According to Kristeva, nearly all works contain some forms of reference to another work
of the past. Below are examples of many famous writings that employ the use of intertextuality:

1. The main plotline of Disney’s The Lion King is based on Shakespeare’s Hamlet.
2. The structure of James Joyce’s Ulysses is modeled after Homer’s Odyssey.
3. J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series makes use of T.H. White’s The Sword in the Stone, C. S.
Lewis’s The Chronicles of Narnia, and J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings.
4. Jane Smiley’s A Thousand Acres is a contemporary retelling of Shakespeare’s King Lear.
5. Matt Groenig’s television show The Simpsons uses multiple intertextual references to
literature, films, other tv shows, and commercials for its storylines and jokes.

Moreover, in formal essays, intertextuality is a key part of the research process. When
you cite a source, you are taking a little chunk of someone else’s text and building it into your
own argument.

For example:
Student teachers who use technology in their lessons tend to continue using technology
tools throughout their teaching careers (Kent & Giles, 2017, p. 12).

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Sites

Context: https://www.elcomblus.com/context-hypertext-and-intertext/ Retrieved: 10/17/2020
Hypertext: https://www.mshogue.com/ce9/hypertext/htx_essay.htm Retrieved: 10/16/2020
Gaia (text): The Mythology Book (Big Ideas Explained) by DK (Earth Mother, page 27)
Gaia (image): https://images.app.goo.gl/VYuix4nnkP5F5ZJ59 Retrieved: 10/16/2020
Intertext: http://englishtextualconcepts.nsw.edu.au/content/intertextuality Retrieved: 10/17/2020
https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-apply-literary-inspiration-to-your-writing
Retrieved: 10/18/2020
https://openenglishatslcc.pressbooks.com/chapter/intertextuality-a-reference-guide-on-
using-texts-to-produce-texts/ Retrieved:10/16/2020
https://www.aate.org.au/documents/item/1315 Retrieved: 10/16/2020
https://www.citationmachine.net/apa/cite-a-book Retrieved: 10/18/2020
Exercise 1: https://www.elcomblus.com/context-hypertext-and-intertext/ Retrieved: 10/18/2020
Exercise 2: https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/define-intertextuality-discuss-three-examples-
that-345737 Retrieved: 10/18/2020
https://pages.shanti.virginia.edu/ENLT_WordPress/intertext/ Retrieved: 10/17/2020
https://study.com/academy/lesson/intertextuality-in-literature-definition-examples.html
Retrieved: 10/17/2020
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/intertextuality-examples-understanding-text-
influence.html Retrieved: 10/18/2020
The Mythology Book (Big Ideas Explained) by DK (The Maenads, page 88)
Exercise 3: https://www.metrolyrics.com/roar-lyrics-katy-perry.html Retrieved: 10/17/2020
Clipart: https://images.app.goo.gl/ULAeLWVWeGWoitTj8 Retrieved: 10/17/2020
https://images.app.goo.gl/44apSujB2cGUFtiSA Retrieved: 10/17/2020
https://images.app.goo.gl/Xy6M7ireX2vh4Rvs6 Retrieved:10/17/2020
IV. Activity Proper

Exercise 1
Write T if the statement is true and F if false. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

______ 1. The meaning of a text is influenced by other texts.

______ 2. Hypertext is a form of writing in computers using hyperlinks.
______ 3. We can gain full understanding of a concept by referring to one text.
______ 4. Texts are variations on, or borrowed from other texts.
______ 5. Intertextuality exists only in literary pieces.
______ 6. Hyperlinks can contain articles, images and other media.
______ 7. Authors tend to build on what previous authors have published or started.
______ 8. Citing sources is an example of a hypertext.
______ 9. Intertextuality is a term used by C.S. Lewis in the 1960s.
______ 10. Hypertexts are read in a linear way.

Exercise 2
Have you listened to the songs “Roar” by Katy Perry and “Eye of the Tiger” by Survivor? Below
are the lyrics. Read and answer the questions that follow.

by Katy Perry
I used to bite my tongue and hold my breath
Scared to rock the boat and make a mess
So I sat quietly
Agreed politely
I guess that I forgot I had a choice
I let you push me past the breaking point
I stood for nothing
So I fell for everything
You held me down, but I got up
Already brushing off the dust
You hear my voice,
You hear that sound
Like thunder gonna shake the ground
You held me down, but I got up
Get ready 'cause I've had enough
I see it all, I see it now
Chorus:
I got the eye of the tiger, a fighter,
dancing through the fire
Cause I am a champion and
You're gonna hear me ROAR
Louder, louder than a lion
Cause I am a champion and
You're gonna hear me ROAR
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
You're gonna hear me roar
Now I'm floating like a butterfly
Stinging like a bee I earned my stripes
I went from zero, to my own hero
You held me down, but I got up
Already brushing off the dust
You hear my voice, You hear that sound
Like thunder gonna shake the ground
You held me down, but I got up
Get ready 'cause I've had enough
I see it all, I see it now
Eye
of the
Tiger
by Survivor
Rising up, back on the street
Did my time, took my chances
Went the distance, now I'm back on my feet
Just a man and his will to survive
So many times it happens too fast
You change your passion for glory
Don't lose your grip on the dreams of the past
You must fight just to keep them alive
It's the eye of the tiger
It's the thrill of the fight
Rising up to the challenge of our rival
And the last known survivor
Stalks his prey in the night
And he's watching us all with the eye of the tiger
Face to face, out in the heat
Hanging tough, staying hungry
They stack the odds 'til we take to the street
For the kill with the skill to survive
It's the eye of the tiger
It's the thrill of the fight
Rising up to the challenge of our rival
And the last known survivor
Stalks his prey in the night
And he's watching us all with the eye of the tiger
Rising up straight to the top
Had the guts, got the glory
Went the distance, now I'm not going to stop
Just a man and his will to survive
It's the eye of the tiger
It's the thrill of the fight
Rising up to the challenge of our rival
And the last known survivor
Stalks his prey in the night
And he's watching us all with the eye of the tiger

Repeat Chorus (2x) The eye of the tiger

Oh oh oh oh oh oh The eye of the tiger
You're gonna hear me roar The eye of the tiger
The eye of the tiger
Answer the following questions on your answer sheet:

1. What does the title “Roar” mean in Katy Perry’s song?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

2. What do you think does “eye of the tiger” mean in both songs?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

3. What message do both songs want to communicate? Support your answer.

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

4. Which lines from the two songs can you relate from? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

5. What context of text development (hypertext or intertext) do the two songs use?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 3
Identify which context was the text developed based on the literary descriptions below. Write
INT for intertext and HYP for hypertext on your answer sheet.

_______1. Although the subtitle has been dropped from most modern editions, the allusive
qualities of Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus, is a horror novel by Mary
Shelley, still remain. The reference here to the Titan Prometheus relies on centuries of
interpretation through Greek myth and drama. Often seen as symbolizing the danger
present when human knowledge oversteps its boundaries, Prometheus and what he
represents are reflected in the product of Victor Frankenstein's ghastly experiments.

_______2. Gregory Maguire's novel Wicked. The novel was inspired by L. Frank Baum's 1939
novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. Inspired by the omitted story of how the Wicked
Witch came to be wicked, Maguire created a story which defined the Wicked Witch's
beginning.
_______3. The Maenads

Dionysus presided over fertility both for the vineyards and for women’s wombs.
His followers, predominantly female, were known as Maenads –meaning “raving
ones”. These women shared their god’s love of wine and raucous behaviour, and he
encouraged them to indulge in both. Marauding bands of Maenads terrorized the
Theban countryside so much that Pentheus, the King of Thebes, banned the cult of
Dionysus. The king’s decree was angrily rejected by many women – including the
king’s own mother – who went out into the countryside to praise the wine-god in one
last, climactic rite. Dionysus convinced Pentheus to climb a tree to enjoy the view of
the final orgy. Dressed in women’s clothes, the king went to watch, but was seen by
the ecstatic Maenads. Mistaking him for a wild animal, they tore him limb from limb.

See also: The Olympian gods • The many affairs of Zeus • Vesta and Priapus
• A complex god

_______4. “Patchwork Girl” is a work of electronic literature by American Author, Shelley

Jackson. It was written in Storyspace and published by Eastgate Systems in 1995,
and tells the story through illustrations of parts of a female body that are stitched
together through text and image.

A short essay on “Patchwork Girl” entitled “Stitching Together Narrative, Sexuality,

Self” by Brown University English Professor, George P. Landow, can be found here.

_______5. J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series shares much with Through the Looking Glass by
Lewis Carroll, including interactions with giant chess pieces. J.K. Rowling also used
platform 9¾ as an entrance into a magical world, just as Lewis Carroll used the
looking glass.

Remember:
A hypertext is a form of web writing. Articles found in Wikipedia, blogs, and
other online websites are examples of hypertext writing because the text contains
hyperlinks that lead the reader to other related articles, websites, or other media. On
the other hand, intertext deals with how texts are interrelated. Most literary pieces
are influenced by other famous works of authors.

V. Reflection
Complete the sentences below on your answer sheet.

a. I have learned that…

____________________________________________________________________________

b. I think I need more help in…

____________________________________________________________________________

c. In summary, the best part of the lesson was…

VI. Answer Key

Exercise 3

1. answers vary
2. answers vary
3. answers vary
4. answers vary
5. INTERTEXT. (Sample support: Katy Perry’s music is an example of intertext because her music is
influenced by other songs. Her songs “Roar” has similar theme and with the song “Eye of the Tiger”.

Exercise 1
Exercise 2
A. B. (sample answers)
1. INT
1. T 1. HYPERTEXT
2. INT
2. T *non-linear
3. HYP
3. F * sound and graphics
4. HYP
4. T * web page
5. INT
5. F
6. T 2. INTERTEXT
7. T * Julia Kristeva
8. F * influenced by other texts
9. F * citing sources
10. F *interrelationship