Flowers

Parts of a flower
 Petal
 Anther Stamen
 Filament
 Sepal
 Stigma
 Style
 Ovary
 Ovule
Petal
 Petals are usually the most colorful part of the flower.
 Essential oils are included in the petals.
 In warm weather, oils combine and evaporate, producing a
scent.
 Scent helps flowers to attract insects for their pollination process
and to escape from the predators ( herbivores).
Herbivores = plant-eating animals
Pollination = the process for transferring pollen grains from the anther
(male organ) of a flower to the stigma (female organ) of a flower.
 Nectar are also produced at the base of the petals and are also
eaten by insects or birds.

Anther
 Anther is a part of stamen.
 It is the male organ of a flower.
 Pollens are produced in the anthers.
 The pollen contains the male gametes of the flower.
Male gametes = male reproductive cells
Ovule
 Ovules are situated inside the ovaries.
 The female gametes are inside the ovules.
 After pollination, ovule produce seeds ( the offspring of a
flowering plant).
Female gametes= female reproductive cells
Offspring = new generation

 Plants are hermaphrodite.

 Unlike animals, plants produce both male and female gametes.
 Flowers are reproductive organs of plants.
 For reproduction, they need insects or birds to transfer their
pollen grains.
 Bees and butterflies transfer pollen grains at day.
 Bats, moths and notorious insects does at night.

*Non-flowering plants produce their offspring from spores that are

contained in their leaves.
*Spores are spread by wind or water.
Eg. Mosses, Liverworts, Ferns

*Some plants reproduce by asexual vegetative reproduction.

Eg. Strawberries, potatoes, onion