St. Michael Kinder & Elementary School, Inc.

National Road, San Vicente, Orion, Bataan.

School Year 2021 – 2022

Subject: SCIENCE
Quarter: 2nd
Module: 4- Plant Reproduction
Grade Level: 5

LESSON 1

Sexual Reproduction in Plants

Can you identify the parts of a flower?

Sexual reproduction involves the male and female reproductive organs of plants. Flowers are
the reproductive structures of plants. They contain the pistil and the stamen.

Parts of a Flower
A. Vegetative Parts of a Flower

The vegetative part of a flower

consists of the following:

 Petals: This is a bright-
colored part that attracts
bees, insects, and birds.
Color of petals varies from
plant to plant; some are
bright while some are pale
colored. Thus, petals help us
to differentiate one flower
from another. When petals
are grouped together, they
are called corolla.
  Sepals: Sepal is the green-colored part beneath the petals to protect rising
buds. Collectively, sepals are called the calyx.

B. Reproductive Parts of a Flower

In different plants, the number of petals, sepals, stamens and pistils can vary. The presence of
these parts differentiates the flower into complete or incomplete. Apart from these parts, a flower
includes reproductive parts – stamen and pistil.  A flower may have only female parts, only male
parts, or both.

The reproductive parts of a flower consist of the following:

 Stamen: This is the male reproductive organ. It consists of two parts namely: anther and
filaments.

1. The anther is a yellowish, sac-like structure, involved in producing and storing the
pollens.

2. The filament is a slender, threadlike object, which functions by supporting the anther.

 Pistil: This is the innermost part and the female reproductive organ of a flower which
comprises three parts -stigma, style and ovary. This is also known as the carpel.

1. Stigma: It is the topmost part or receptive tip of carpels in the gynoecium of a flower.

2. Style: It is the long tube-like slender stalk that connects stigma and the ovary.

3. Ovary: It is the ductless reproductive gland that holds a lot of ovules. It is the part of the
plant where the seed formation takes place.

Functions of a Flower
1. Gametophytes develop in the flowers.
2. The flowers can produce diaspores without fertilization.
3. After fertilization, the ovary of the flower develops into a fruit containing a seed.
4. The most important function of flowers is reproduction. They help in the union of male
and female gametes.
5. Flowers provide nectar to certain birds and insects, which in turn help in the transfer of
pollen from one flower to the other.
6. Flowers may promote selfing, i.e., the union of sperms and eggs from the same flower, or
cross-fertilization, i.e., the union of sperms and eggs from different flowers.
 Types of Flowers

Types of Flower Description Examples

contains sepal, petal, pistil
Complete and stamen
gumamela, cosmos, rose
missing either sepal, petals,
Incomplete pistil or stamen
grass
contains male (stamen) and
Perfect female (pistil) parts
apple, cherry
contains only male (stamen)
Imperfect or only female (pistil) parts
corn, squash

Life Cycle of a Flowering Plant

Pollination
This is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. Agents of pollination are called
pollinators. Insects, bird, wind and water are examples of pollinators.

Types of pollination

 Self pollination

This is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same
flower.

 Cross pollination

This is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of
another flower on the same plant or to the stigma of a flower on another plant of
the same kind.

Fertilization
 After pollination, the pollen grains grow and develop a tube down the pistil. As the tube
develops, the sperm cells in the pollen grain move down and reach the ovary. The sperm cells
leave the pollen tube to unite with the egg cells in the ovule. This process, called fertilization,
produces a fertilized egg or zygote.

The zygote then develops into a young plant called embryo. The ovary ripens into a fruit
and the ovule hardens and forms into a seed. The seed contains the young plant.

Seed Germination
This is the process
whereby a viable seed starts to
develop into a seedling.
Seed Dispersal
Plants make seeds that can grow into new plants, but if the seeds just fall to the ground
under the parent plant, they might not get enough sun, water or nutrients from the soil. Because
plants cannot walk around and take their seeds to other places, they have developed other
methods to disperse (move) their seeds. 

Agents of Dispersal:
Wind

With wind dispersal, the seeds are simply blown about and land in all kinds of places.

Water

If the seeds fall in the water, they are carried away by the tide to grow somewhere else.

Animal

Birds often fly far away from the parent plant and disperse the seeds in their droppings. Some
seeds have hooks or barbs that catch onto an animal’s fur, feathers or skin. 

People

People also carry seeds to other places when they eat fruits. Humans can also spread seeds if
they get stuck to our clothing or shoes

Check Your Knowledge

A. Identify the parts of a flower.

B. Complete the statement.

The male part of the flower is called the _______________consists of the ____________ and
____________ . The female part of the flower is called the _____________ consists of the
______________, ______________ and _______________. The male gamete is made in the
______________ and is found inside the _____________ grain. The female gamete is found in
the _____________ and is called an ______________. 

https://qknowbooks.gitbooks.io/jhs_1_science-life-cycle-of-flowering-
plants/content/the_importance_of_the_life_cycle_of_flowering_plan.htmlhttps://www.sciencelea
rn.org.nz/resources/103-seed-dispersal