Laboratory

Activity III
GENERAL BIOLOGY
Group 2 - All Of Us Are Cells
 Topic Outline
PROCEDURES
OBJECTIVES

ANSWER SHEETS GUIDE QUESTIONS

Objectives
the learners will be able to...

identify different plant and

animal cells/tissue based on
the given samples;

label each part and write its

function
Procedure
A. Preparing a temporary mount of specimens
1 2
Place a thin and small
Add a drop of clear nail polish
piece of the different
over the specimen.
samples at the center of
the glass slide.

3 4
Place a cover slip on the
specimen by first touching Gently lower the cover slip by
one edge of the cover slip slowly withdrawing the needle
on the glass slide and then to prevent the formation of
holding the opposite edge bubbles.
up with dissecting needle.
 B. Viewing of mounted specimens
1 2
Place the specimen in the
View the specimen first
middle of the stage above the
under LPO and then
aperture and secure it with
under HPO
clips.

3 4 Look through the eyepiece,

and slow move the low power
objective with the coarse
Position the Low Power
adjustment knob until the
Objective.
specimen appears more or less
distinct until becomes clear
and visible.
 B. Viewing of mounted specimens
5 6
After focusing under the LPO,
Take pictures of all the
click the High Power Objective
specimens under LPO
in place.

7 8
Manipulate the fine
adjustment knob until you Take pictures of all the
obtain a clear image of the specimens under HPO
specimen.
Answer Sheet
 Aloe Vera

LPO HPO
 Blood

LPO HPO
 Bone

LPO HPO
 Celery

LPO HPO
 Onion

LPO HPO
 Onion Root

LPO HPO
 Potato

LPO HPO
 Soft Leaf

LPO HPO
 Stem

LPO HPO
 Tomato

LPO HPO
Guide
Questions
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.

1
Specimen: Aloe Vera Function:
Type of Cell: Plant Cell Cell Wall provides structure, support, and protection for
Shape: Irregular Oval the cell
Liquid Gel refers to the viscous clear liquid within the
Structure: Parenchyma parenchyma cells. It consists of about 99.5% water and
the remaining 0.5 – 1% solid material consists of a range
Cell Wall of compounds including water-soluble and fat-soluble
Liquid Gel vitamins, minerals, enzymes, polysaccharides, phenolic
Nucleus compounds, and organic acids. It stores water in its leaves
in the form of a gel.
Nucleus controls the cell activities inside the cell
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.

2
Specimen: Blood Function:
Type of Cell: Animal Cell The cytoplasm of RBCs is filled with hemoglobin, a
Shape: Biconcave protein that reversibly binds and transports oxygen and
carbon dioxide.
Structure: The cell membrane is not only the case or the barrier of
the cell, it plays a critical role in accomplishing vital tasks
Cytoplasm containing in transporting salts and nutrients.
hemoglobin Biconcave disc shape gives a large surface area to pass
Cell membrane oxygen through.
Biconcave disc shape
(due to lack of nucleus) In short Red blood cells carry oxygen from our lungs to the
rest of our bodies. Then they make the return trip, taking
carbon dioxide back to our lungs to be exhaled.
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.

4
Specimen: Celery Function:
Type of Cell: Plant Cell Collenchyma cells provide mechanical
Shape: It is a circular shape that is
tightly packed together support while they are still growing.
Structure: Collenchyma
Collenchyma cells
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.

5
Specimen: Onion Function:
Type of Cell: Plant Cell The nucleus can be found in the middle of the cell.
Shape: Rectangular
brick-like appearance
It controls most of the cell activities, making it the
control center or the brain of the cell.
Structure: Parenchyma Cell wall serves as the skeletal framework of the
Nucleus onion cell, providing shape, support, and
Cell wall protection to the cell and its organelles
Cytoplasm Cytoplasm has gel-like consistency wherein it
provides a platform where cell activities can
happen, making it the factory area of most cellular
activities
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.

6
Specimen: Onion root Function:
Type of Cell: Plant Cell
Cell wall provides the skeletal framework
Shape: Oval of the cell.
Structure: Parenchyma Meristem is a region where the new cells
Cell wall are produced
Meristem Root Cap protects the tip of growing root
Root cap
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.

6
Specimen: Onion root Function:
Type of Cell: Plant Cell
Cell wall provides the skeletal framework
Shape: Oval of the cell.
Structure: Parenchyma Meristem is a region where the new cells
Cell wall are produced
Meristem Root Cap protects the tip of growing root
Root cap
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.

7
Specimen: Potato Function:
Type of Cell: Plant Cell
Cell wall - provides the skeletal
Shape: Irregular oval and round,
long
framework of the cell, made of cellulose.
Structure: Parenchyma Cell walls are responsible for intercellular
Cell wall transport and it also protects the cell
Starch grain/granule from bursting and physical damage.
(Amyloplast) Amyloplasts are plant-specific organelles.
Functions as storage for starch.
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.

8
Specimen: Soft leaf Function:
Type of Cell: Plant Cell
Mesophyll functions as an aid in gas
Shape: Isodiametric exchange and photosynthesis. Mesophyll
Structure: Parenchyma cells are large spaces within the leaf that
Mesophyll allow carbon dioxide to move freely.
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.

9
Specimen: Green
nephthytis Function:
Type of Cell: Plant cell Elongated fiber cells are visible in the
Shape: Linear specimen which would act as an interlock
Structure: Sclerenchyma with other cells. They provide flexibility
Pith
and protection to the stem. The primary
function of this structure is to transfer
nutrients throughout the plant and store
nutrients within its cells.
 a. Describe cells and tissues of different samples based on
shape, structure and type of cell and function.
10
Specimen: Tomato Function:
Type of Cell: Plant Cell Sclerenchyma cells have thickened
Shape: Conical type
and irregular lignified walls, which make them strong
Structure: Sclerenchyma and waterproof. They are commonly
Thick Cell Wall
classified into support types and
Single Nucleus conducting forms. It provides better
structural support as it is made of dead or
mature well thickened cell walls.
 b.
It's important to understand the
types of plant and animal tissue for
us to enlarge the capacity of our
Why is it important to knowledge about the topic. In
understand the types of addition, understanding the type of
plant and animal tissue? these tissues will help us to
determine the difference between
the two, in terms of shape, structure,
function, etc., as well as to identify
each distinct part in the microscope
Docu
mentation