STUDY OF ACTIVE MAGNETIC BEARING

GUIDED BY: - PREETAM SINGH

INTRODUCTION:-
A new bearingless concept was introduced into ac drive technology in the late
1980s.One maintenance task that still remains with an ac drive is bearing lubrication
and renewal.In some applications, bearing maintenance is still a significant problem. For
example, the bearings can present a major problem in motor drive applications in outer
space, and also in harsh environments with radiation and poisonous substances. In
addition, lubrication oil cannot be used in highvacuum, ultra high and low temperature
atmospheres and food and pharmacy processes. Hence motor drives with magnetic
suspension can enlarge the possible application areas of motor drives.Figure 1.1 shows
the principles of rotor radial force generation in both the magnetic bearing and
bearingless motors. A rotating shaft is surrounded by the stator core. The rotor and
stator are magnetized with four poles in a north, south, north, south sequence. There
are strong magnetic attractive forces under these magnetic poles between the rotor and
the stator cores. For example, a magnetic force of 40 N is generated in 1 cm 2 with an
airgap flux density of 1 T, these four magnetic poles have equal flux density and hence
equal attractive force magnitudes. Thus, a vector sum of the four radial forces is zero.
However, in Figure 1.1(b) , one north pole is stronger than the other three poles so that
the net attractive force is strong. Hence the unbalanced airgap flux density distribution
results in radial magnetic force acting on the rotor. In this case, rotor radial force on the
rotor is generated in the right-hand direction. In both radial magnetic bearing and
bearingless motors, rotor radial force is generated by an unbalanced magnetic field; i.e.,
the rotor radial force is generated by the difference of radial forces between the
magnetic poles. The attractive force is an inherently unstable force as it is stronger if the
rotor moves in the force direction. The zero-radial-force point at the centre of the stator
bore is an unstable point so that negative feedback is necessary.
Principle

 Generating contact free magnetic field forces by actively controlling the dynamics of an
electromagnet.

Main components:
 Sensor: measures the displacement of the rotor from its reference position microprocessor as a
controller derives a control signal from the measurement power amplifier transforms this
control signal into a control current and control current generates a magnetic field in the
actuating magnets , resulting in magnetic forces in such a way that the rotor remains in its
hovering position.


Objectives

 To increase power transmission efficiency energy by reducing frictional losses .

 To reduce maintanace cost by avoiding need of lubricating oil .
 To use it for high speed rotation
 Comparative Case study of its application in compressor