Plant VS Animal Gas Exchange/Respiratory

Respiration is a physiological process by which animals obtain oxygen and get rid of waste carbon dioxide by diffusion
across a moist respiratory surface. In some invertebrates, the body serves as the respiratory surfaces while other aquatic
animals use gills that increase the surface area for gas exchange. The most diverse air-breathing land invertebrates are
insects which make use of their tracheal system that consists of repeatedly branching air-filled tubes while reptiles, birds
and mammals rely on lungs for respiration.

Gas exchange in both animals and plants involves the diffusion of O2 and CO2 across a phospholipid bilayer. In cellular
processes, photosynthesis (CO2 used in plants), and respiration (O2used in plants and animals).

Alveoli Found in lungs which are composed of air sacs.

Ciliated epithelium with mucus producing goblet cells which prevent inhaled particles from reaching the lungs.

Plant Respiratory System

Respiration In Leaves
Leaves consist of tiny pores known as stomata. Gaseous exchange occurs through diffusion via stomata.
Guard cells regulate each of the stomata. Exchange of gases occurs with the closing and opening of the stoma
between the inferior of leaves and the atmosphere.

Respiration In Stems
The air in case of stem diffuses into the stomata and moves through different parts of the cell to respire. During
this stage, the carbon dioxide liberated is also diffused through the stomata. Lenticels are known to perform
gaseous exchange in woody or higher plants. How Does Respiration Occur in Roots? The roots of a plant take
up air from the spaces between the soil particles. Root hairs are in contact with the air in the soil particles.
Oxygen from the air in soil particles diffuse into root hair and reach all the cells of the root where it is utilised in
respiration. How Does Respiration Occur in Roots? The roots of a plant take up air from the spaces between
the soil particles. Root hairs are in contact with the air in the soil particles. Oxygen from the air in soil particles
diffuse into root hair and reach all the cells of the root where it is utilised in respiration.