Exercises of Heat Transfer (Conduction)

1. Calculate the heat conducted through 0.2 m thick industrial

furnace wall made of fireclay brick (K= 1.7 W/mK).
Measurements made during steady-state operation showed that
the wall temperatures inside and outside the furnace are 1500 K
and 1100 K respectively. The length of the wall is 1.2 m and the
height is 1 m.

Q = (AK(T1-T2))/x

Q = (1.2m2)(1.7W/mK)(1500-1100K)/0.2m = 4080 W

2. A refrigerator in a room where the air temperature is 20°C, the

surface inside of the refrigerator is 4°C. The sides are 30 mm
thick an equivalent thermal conductivity of the wall is 0.1W/mK.
The heat transfer coefficient inside is 9 W/m2K and outside is 10
W/m2K. Assuming one dimensional conduction through the sides,
calculate the net heat flow, if we know that the total surface is 11
m2.
Q = UA(T1-T2)
Q= (1/hs1 + x/K+1/hs2)-1A(T1-T2)
Q= (1/9 + 0.03/0.1+1/10)-1(11m2)(4-20) = - 344.34 W

3. The walls of the houses in a new state are to be constructed

using a “cavity wall” design. This comprises an inner layer of
brick (K= 0.5 W/mK and 120 mm thick), an air gap and an outer
layer of brick ( K= 0.3 W/mK and 120 mm thick). At the design
condition the inside room temperature is 20°C, the outside air
temperature in winter is -10°C; the heat transfer coefficient on the
inside is 10 W/m2K, that on the outside 40 W/m2K, and that in the
 air gap 6 W/m2K. What is the heat flux per surface unit through
the wall and the temperatures in the gap sides?

Conv Cond Conv Cond Conv

20 T2 T3 -10

he hc hc hs

xa/Ka xb/Kb

U = (1/he+xa/Ka+1/hc+1/hc+xb/Kb+1/hs)-1

U = ( 1/10+ 0.120/0.5+1/6+1/6+0.120/0.3+1/40)-1= 0.91047 w/m2K

Q=UA(T1-T2)

Q= (0.91047)(1)(20-(-10))= 27.31 W

27.31 = (1/10+0.120/0.5+1/6)-1(1)(20-T2)

T2 =6.1629°C

27.31 = (1/6+0.120/0.3+1/40)-1 (1)(T3-(-10))

T3 = 6.1584°C

4. An isolated heating pipe is made from steel (K= 45 W/mK) with

an inner radius of 150 mm and an outer radius of 155 mm. The
pipe is coated with 100 mm thickness of insulation having a
thermal conductivity of 0.6 W/mK. Air Ti= 60°C flows through the
pipe and the convective heat transfer coefficient from the air to
the inside of the pipe has a value of hi = 35 W/m 2K. The outside
surface of the pipe is surrounded by air which is at 15°C and the
convective heat transfer coefficient on this surface has a value of
hs= 10 W/m2K. Calculate the heat loss through 50 m of this pipe.
Q= 2L(T1-T3) .

(1/hir1 + ln(r2/r1)/Ka+ln(r3/r2)/Kb+1/hsr3)

Q= 2(3.141592654)(50)(60-15) =

1 + ln(0.155/0.150) + ln (0.255/0.155) + 1 .

0.150(35) 45 0.6 0.255(10)

Q= 10 004.41 W

5. Calculate the heat transfer of a spherical tank that contains

ammonia, made from steel and a coat (K = 1.5 W/mK) with an
inner diameter of 3 m and a temperature of –17°C. The outer
diameter is 3.8 m and the outside air temperature is 30°C
Q=4Kr1r2(T1-T2)/(r2-r1)

Q= 4(3.141592654)(1.5)(1.5)(1.9)(-17-30) = - 6 312.25 W

(1.9 -1.5)