Design and development of outpatient management system with

smart queue processing and e-prescription

A project report submitted to the department of Computer Science and Engineering of

the World University of Bangladesh in partial fulfillment of the requirement for award
of the degree of Bachelor Science in Computer Science and Engineering.

Submitted by

Ariful Islam Md. Haiatun Nabi Md. Afsar Uddin

ID: WUB 03/15/31/1217 ID: WUB 03/15/31/1224 ID: WUB 03/15/31/1244

Supervised by

Kazi Hassan Robin, Assistant Professor

Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering

World University of Bangladesh

Department of Computer Science and Engineering
January, 2018

i
 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

January 10, 2017

To
Kazi Hassan Robin,
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering
World University of Bangladesh (WUB)
House # 3/A, Road # 4, Dhanmondi
Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.

Subject: Submission of Project Report.

Dear Sir,
We are pleased to submit the report entitled “Design and development of outpatient
management system with smart queue processing and e-prescription”. It was a great
pleasure to work on such an important topic. The report is prepared according to the
requirements and guidelines of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, World
University of Bangladesh (WUB).

We believe that the report will help you in evaluating our project work. It would be a great
pleasure for us to interpret any part or whole of the report whenever necessary.

Sincerely yours: Sincerely yours: Sincerely yours:

Ariful Islam Md. Haiatun Nabi Md. Afsar Uddin

WUB 03/15/31/1217 WUB 03/15/31/1224 WUB 03/15/31/1244

ii
 World University of Bangladesh

DECLARATION

We hereby solemnly declare that the project work entitled “Design and development of
outpatient management system with smart queue processing and e-prescription”, has
been supervised by Kazi Hassan Robin, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer
Science & Engineering, World University of Bangladesh. We ensure that the project report
has not been submitted either in whole or part for any degree or Diploma in any university
previously.

We hereby warrant that the work we have presented does not breach any existing copyright
rule.

We further undertake to indemnify the university against any loss or damage arising from
breach of the forgoing obligation.

Sincerely yours: Sincerely yours: Sincerely yours:

Ariful Islam Md. Haiatun Nabi Md. Afsar Uddin

WUB 03/15/31/1217 WUB 03/15/31/1224 WUB 03/15/31/1244

iii
 Department of Computer Science and Engineering
World University of Bangladesh

CERTIFICATE

We hereby certify that the Project Report on “Design and development of outpatient
management system with smart queue processing and e-prescription”, is a confide
record of project work done by Ariful Islam, Md. Haiatun Nabi and Md. Afsar Uddin for
partial fulfillment of the requirements for award of the degree of the Bachelor of Science in
Computer Science and Engineering from World University of Bangladesh.

The project report has been carried out under my guidance and is a record of the bona-fide
work carried out successfully by the students.

Supervisor:

_____________________

Kazi Hassan Robin

Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
World University of Bangladesh (WUB)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the first, we would like to express our sincere thanks to the almighty ALLAH for the gift
of life, wisdom understanding he has given to us, a reason for our existence and to our
families for the love and support they have been provided throughout our life.

Kazi Hassan Robin, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
World University of Bangladesh whom we regard as our parent and supervisor, we thank him
for his expertise and intelligence. His supportive and kind attitude makes it possible for us to
complete it. He helped us to overcome hurdles. His keen interest and valuable suggestions
and advice were the source of all inspiration to us. We would like to thank World University
of Bangladesh for helping with all the required resource for completion of the project work.

It is our pleasure to thanks our honorable Vice Chancellor Professor Dr. Abdul Mannan
Choudhury to whom we grateful a lot for having given us an opportunity to complete our
project.

May the good lord bless them and keep them safe.

Sincerely yours: Sincerely yours: Sincerely yours:

Ariful Islam Md. Haiatun Nabi Md. Afsar Uddin

WUB 03/15/31/1217 WUB 03/15/31/1224 WUB 03/15/31/1244

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 ABSTRACT

Traditionally outpatient hospital faces various problems and difficulties due to a manual
system like keeping patient history, filing and other factors that affect the interest of an
individual patient. To overcome these issues, we have designed and developed an outpatient
management system with smart queue processing and e-prescription. The main objectives of
the project are, to design and develop a web-based outpatient management system for the
efficient management of outpatients of the hospital, and to develop a smart queue processing
system to inform patients about their tentative waiting time. Though the application is built
specially for an eye hospital, it can be used in any hospital with minimum customization.

We have studied various kinds of the literature of relevant software. After reviewing
literature we have found limitations in many relevant software. Our study revealed that many
of the software being used in hospitals are not online based and there are no built-in smart
queue processing systems in most of the existing software. We have also found that many of
the software that we have studied do not have built-in e-prescription system. This study
motivated us to develop the proposed system to overcome these limitations.

In order to collect and analyze the requirements, we have visited the stakeholders of this
proposed system. We have prepared the questionnaire to know their requirement. After that,
we have started working to develop software to work out the specific solution for the created
questionnaire.

In order to develop our project, we have used the Incremental Model as the methodology.
The reason for using this model as the project methodology, the whole requirement is divided
into various builds in the model. Since our software will be developed in different versions or
build. So, we have followed every step of this model to complete our software development.

In order to meet our initial objectives, we have designed and developed a web-based
outpatient management system, and also developed a smart queue processing system and an
e-prescription system. The system is yet to be deployed and only beta testing has been done.
The beta testing result is satisfactory to deploy the system.

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Table of Contents Page
Letter of Transmittal ii
Declaration iii
Certificate iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vi
Table of Contents vii-viii
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-2
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Objectives 1
1.3 Justification of Study 2
1.4 Scope of Study 2
Chapter 2: Literature Review 3-4
2.1 Background Study 3
2.2 Relevant Review 3-4
Chapter 3: Methodology 5-7
3.1 Model: Incremental Methodology 5
3.2 Justification of Methodology 5
3.3 Graphical Representation of Incremental Model 5
3.4 Description of Methodology 6-7
Chapter 4: Requirement Analysis Design & Development 8-14
4.1 Requirement Gathering 8
4.2 Analysis Requirement 8
4.3 Tools and Language 9-10
4.4 System Requirements 10
4.4.1 Hardware Requirements 10
4.4.2 Software Requirements 10
4.5 Database Relational Diagram 11
4.6 Data Flow Diagram 12
4.7 Use Case Diagram 13
4.8 Project Work Flow Diagram 14
Chapter 5: Project Description 15-20
5.1 Login Form 15
5.2 Home Page 15
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 5.3 Patient Registration Form 16
5.4 Queue Processing Display for the patients 16
5.5 Billing Module 17
5.6 Patient Work-up Module 17
5.7 Doctor Prescription Module 18
5.8 Setup Page for investigation 19
5.9 Registration Page for creating user 19
5.10 Registration Page for new employee 20
Chapter 6: Conclusion 21
6.1 Conclusion 21
6.2 Limitations 21
6.3 Future Work 21
Reference 22-23

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Traditionally outpatient hospital faces various problems and difficulties due to a manual
system like keeping patient history, filing and other factors that affect the interest of an
individual patient.

Another major problem is the long queue for the patient. Due to absence of queue processing
system patients suffer a lot as patient does not know his turn of serial. Patients also face a
common problem to buy medicine due to illegible handwriting prescription of doctors.

Outpatient Management System with Smart Queue Processing and E-Prescribing is powerful,
flexible, and easy to use and deliver real believable benefits to hospitals and clinics. It gives
the clinics and hospitals an opportunity to get rid of papers and documents which are difficult
to store and maintain. It can keep a systematic record of patient’s history with medical
prescriptions, previous medical treatment history etc.

Proper implementation of software will help to print prescription, record patient history and
billings. It will minimize patients waiting time and provide best speedy services to the
patients. E-prescription will also save time instead of handwriting prescription.

1.2 OBJECTIVES

1. To design and develop a web-based outpatient management system for the efficient
management of outpatients of the hospital.
2. To develop a smart queue processing system to inform patients about their tentative
waiting time.
3. To develop an e-prescription system to maintain patients’ history and medication.

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1.3 JUSTIFICATION

Actually, paperless record system, queue processing system and e-prescription are available
in different hospitals individually. But these systems are not available together in one
hospital. Outpatient management system will overcome the complexity of manual system
such as filing, storing, managing patient’s record history etc.

Queue processing system will overcome patient long waiting time that is one of the main
disadvantages in outpatient clinics. E-prescription will minimize time of patients instead of
doctor’s handwriting prescription. It also will reduce difficulties of buying medicines which
occurred due to illegible handwriting prescription of doctors.

1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY

Though the application is built specially for an eye hospital, it can be used in any hospital
with minimum customization. The scope of the project is very high. Constantly today’s world
changes and developed by the modern technology. So, our proposed project is a part of the
modern technology.

A Web-Based Outpatient Management System’s feature can easily access the application
from any computer connected through the internet or LAN using a standard browser. Smart
Queue Processing System uses for solving the long queue of the patient and patients will be
able to see their serial position in a hospital. In this application, electronic prescription stored
in the database so doctors can see quickly patient’s previous history by entering PID number.
E-prescription also will reduce difficulties of buying medicines which occurred due to
doctor’s illegible handwriting prescription.

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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 BACKGROUND STUDY

The present world is rapidly acquiring modern technology. In addition, our country also is
moving forward in using technology. In comparison of past days, the medical science and
medical technology is much more improved in using modern technology.

We have studied various kinds of the literature of relevant software. After reviewing
literature, we have found limitations in many relevant software. Our study revealed that many
of the software being used in hospitals are not online based and there are no built-in smart
queue processing systems in most of the existing software. We have also found that many of
the software that we have studied do not have built-in e-prescription system. This study
motivated us to develop the proposed system to overcome these limitations.

2.2 RELEVANT REVIEW

Smart queue processing system

Our queue management systems are specially designed for banks allowing them to reduce
queue lengths and increase staff productivity and operational efficiency. In recent years, the
banking industry has transformed and banks are now competing for a higher share of
customer’s wallet. (EQMS Consulting 2014)

Advantech's intelligent patient queue management system enables healthcare facilities to

increase operational efficiency and service quality by streamlining queue management and
reducing patient wait times.

Key Features:

• Easy Queue Management

• Real-Time Queue Status Display
• Queue Notifications and Status Checking
• Queue Data Analysis (ADVANTECH 1983)

3
Outpatient management system

The Outpatient module serves as an entry point to schedule an appointment with the Hospital
Resident Doctor or Consultant Doctor for Medical Consultations and diagnosis. This module
supports doctors to take better and timely consultation decisions by providing instant access
to comprehensive patient information. Patient visits are divided into New, Follow-up and
Review. This module also handles requests and results of laboratory tests and other
examinations. External Doctors visit to in patients can be defined as "Call on". Some patients
may avail only the hospital facilities like Lab, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and
Physiotherapy and so on.

Further more, Confidentiality of Doctors Observation, Previous History of Patients Visit,

Online Prescription, Online Request for Investigations and so on, are the special features in
Doctors Observation screen. This system calculates the cost for the services rendered to the
patient and reflects in the billing module appropriately resulting in smooth billing
process. (Compurx infotech pvt. Ltd 2008)

E-prescription

E-Prescribing is growing rapidly, not just because the technology has improved, but because
of the substantial benefits for patients and physicians. Every state in the U.S. now allows e-
prescribing, including e-prescribing of controlled substances.

Over 70 percent of U.S. physicians have transmitted at least one prescription electronically,
up from virtually zero physicians in 2007, according to the Office of the National
Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC).

A major barrier to the growth of e-prescribing was removed when the Drug Enforcement
Agency (DEA) implemented the Electronic Prescriptions for Controlled Substances (EPCS)
interim final rule in 2010, giving practitioners the option to electronically transmit
prescriptions for Schedule II-V controlled substances (10-11 percent of all prescriptions). The
regulations also permit pharmacies to receive, dispense and archive electronic prescriptions.
As a result, three states (New York, Maine, Minnesota) require virtually all drugs to be
electronically prescribed. (DrFirst 2000)

4
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

3.1 MODEL: INCREMENTAL METHODOLOGY

The incremental model is a method of software development where the model is designed,
implemented and tested incrementally (a little more is added each time) until the product is
finished. It involves both development and maintenance. The product is defined as finished
when it satisfies all of its requirements. (Amir Ghahrai 2008)

3.2 JUSTIFICATION OF METHODOLOGY

In order to develop our project, we have used the Incremental Model as the methodology.
The reason for using this model as the project methodology, the whole requirement is divided
into various builds in the model. Since our software will be developed in different versions or
build. So, we have followed every step of this model to complete our software development.

3.3 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF INCREMENTAL MODEL

Fig 3.2: Incremental Model

5
3.4 DESCRIPTION OF METHODOLOGY

1. Communication: First or Initial phase.

• In the meeting different aspects of the project are suggested
• Collaboration between two companies
• Idea of the customer about the project
• Customer suggestion

2. Planning:
• Meeting of the project company
• How to work start
• Quickly completion of the project
• Give demo version to the customer

3. Modeling (Analysis & Design):

• Development team visits the customer and studies their system requirement
• It also consists of personnel assignments, costs of the system, project schedule and
target dates
• System Analysis and Design phase, the whole software development process, the
overall software structure and its outlay are defined

6
 In this stage, we have visited the desired hospital and interviewed with our
stockholders to analysis and collect the requirements. So, we have done our desired
requirement such as who is using this system, what is the procedure to manage a long
queue of the patients, why use this system, what is the registration procedure in this
system, what is the procedure to provide prescription paper, etc.

4. Construction (Coding & Testing):

• Code and test is performed to check the feasibility, reliability and working of the
software
• After code generation phase the software program testing begins

5. Deployment

The software has been delivered to the customer and gives feedback from the customer.
(Federal Urdu University 2009)

7
CHAPTER 4: REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS DESIGN &
DEVELOPMENT

4.1 REQUIREMENT GATHERING

To analysis and collect the requirement, several times we have sat with our honorable team
supervisor and visited the desired clinic or hospital. We have prepared the questionnaire to
know their requirement.

• Who will be using this system?

• Why shall they use the system?
• What is the registration procedure in the system?
• What is the procedure to provide prescription paper?
• Is it possible to run on the web server?

4.2 ANALYSIS REQUIREMENT

• Who will be using this system?

We have asked the stakeholders of desired hospitals, who will be using this system
they said that doctors, optometrist, authorized staff and patient also will be using this
system.

• Why shall they use the system?

We have asked them why those users will be using this system, they have replied that
doctors can use for prescribing, an optometrist can use for work-up and authorized
user can use for patient registration and also able to manage overall patient treatment
history.

• What is the registration procedure in the system?

We have asked the stakeholders what is the recent patient registration procedure in
their hospital, they have replied that their existing patient registration procedure is
“offline desktop-based”. After that, we have offered them to update their existing
system into “online web-based” and also it can integrate with other modules of a
software.

8
 • What is the procedure to provide prescription paper?
We also asked them what is the recent procedure of patient prescription, they have
replied that their existing prescription procedure is manual (handwriting). After that,
we have offered them we are going to develop a software which will provide a
computerized prescription

• Is it possible to run on the web server?

Is it possible to run on the web server in your existing system, they replied our
existing system does not run on the web server. So, we have offered them that our
proposed system is able to run on the web server.

4.3 TOOLS AND LANGUAGE

• HTML 5
1. Responsible – Desktop, Tablet, Smartphone etc.
2. Support for animation, video, audio, interactivity
3. Shift from specialized Flash designers to more abundant frontend developers
4. Low-cost tools for working with HTML/CSS/JavaScript (Primacy 2015)

• CSS3 - Bootstrap Framework

Save lots of time: using the Bootstrap predefined design templates, classes,
components and concentrate on other development work. Responsive features: web
pages / web application to appear more appropriately on different devices and screen
resolutions without any changes in markup. Bootstrap easy to use, anybody with the
basic working knowledge of HTML and CSS can start development with Bootstrap. It
is open source that completely free to download and use. (Bootstrap 2014)

• ASP.net Framework

ASP.NET severely reduces the amount of code required to build large applications.
The framework is complemented by a rich toolbox and designer in the Visual Studio
integrated development environment. WYSIWYG editing, drag-and-drop server
control. Being language – independent, it allows you to choose the language that best
applies to your application or partition your application across many languages. It

9
 makes for easy deployment. There is no need to register components because the
configuration information is built-in. (Rajkumarsoy 2014)

• C# Language
1. C# is object-oriented programming language.
2. Huge .NET framework library
3. Supports constructor chaining
4. No need for header files and #include
5. Access to class members/function is done only by the dot (.) (Shubhra Chauhan 2011)
(Hossam Mohamed 2014)

• SQL Server 2013

1. High Speed: SQL Queries can be used to retrieve large amounts of records from a
database quickly and efficiently.
2. Well Defined Standards Exist: SQL databases use long-established standard, which is
being adopted by ANSI & ISO. Non-SQL databases do not follow to any clear
standard.
3. No Coding Required: Using standard SQL it is easier to manage database systems
without having to write substantial amount of code. (Illinois Institute of Technology
1971)

4.4 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

4.4.1: Hardware Requirements (for better performance)

1.Processor : 2.4 GHz processor speed

2.Memory : 4 GB RAM
3.Disk space : 500 GB

4.4.2: Software Requirements

4.OS : Windows 7 / 8 / 10 or Linux

5.Database : SQL Server 2013
6.Framework : .NET 4.5
7.Browser : Mozilla Firefox / Google Chrome

10
 4.5 DATABASE RELATIONAL-DIAGRAM
11

Fig 4.5: DB Relational Diagram

4.6 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Fig 4.6: Data Flow Diagram

12
4.7 USE CASE DIAGRAM

Fig 4.7: Use Case Diagram

13
4.8 PROJECT WORK FLOW DIAGRAM

Fig 4.8: Project Work Flow Diagram

14
CHAPTER 5: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

5.1 Login Form

Fig 5.1: Login Form

After complete employee registration process every valid doctors, optometrist and authorized user
can login here with their Username and Password.

5.2 Home Page

Fig 5.2: Home page

After login, the specific user gets an interface according to specific permission to what modules are
accessible.

15
5.3 Patient Registration Form

Fig 5.3: Patient registration form

In this interface, an authorized user can input all necessary general information of the patient that’s
provided by the patient.

5.4 Queue Processing Display for the patients

Fig 5.4: Queue processing display

In this display, show patients queue list with possible doctors/optometrist visit time and his/her
serial position.

16
5.5 Billing Module

Fig 5.5: Billing module

In this module, collect bills for various investigations/tests of the patients and generating invoice.

5.6 Patient Work-up Module

In this section, an optometrist can fill-up all necessary refraction data of the patient.

17
5.7 Doctor Prescription Module

Fig 5.7: Prescription module

After completing work-up process, the doctor will provide e-prescription by inputting medicine data,
investigation data, advice data, diagnosis, refraction, surgery order (if needed), etc. to the patient.

18
5.8 Setup Page for investigation/test

Fig 5.8: Setup page for investigation

5.9 Registration Page for creating an authorized user

Fig 5.9: Registration page for creating an authorized user.

19
5.10 Registration page for creating a new employee

Fig 5.10: Registration page for creating a new employee

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CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION

6.1: CONCLUSION

In order to meet our initial objectives, we have designed and developed a web-based
outpatient management system, and also developed a smart queue processing system and an
e-prescription system. The system is yet to be deployed and only beta testing has been done.
The beta testing result is satisfactory to deploy the system.

6.2: LIMITATIONS

1. Patient cannot see their e-prescription or treatment history on the web because the
patient portal not available in our proposed project.
2. Online doctor appointment is not integrated in our project.
3. In our project, patient analytics feature not integrated due to shortage of the project
duration.

6.3: FUTURE WORK

Although the application is developed specially for an eye hospital, it can be used in any
hospital with minimum customization. To development or update the project to a Paperless e-
Hospital or the following points could be considered as future works.

• Our future work would be to integrate the Patient portal in order that patient would be
able to see their e-prescription and treatment history on the web.
• We will integrate Online doctor appointment system in order that patient will be able
to make an appointment online.
• We will also add Patient analytics feature as our future work.

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REFERENCE:

ADVANTECH 1983, Intelligent Patient Queue Management System, Available from:

http://advantech.com/iretail-hospitality/solutions/detail/intelligent-patient-queue-
management-system, accessed 22 November 2017

Amir Ghahrai 2008, What is the Incremental Model?, Available from:

https://testingexcellence.com/incremental-model/, accessed 04 January 2018.

Bootstrap 2014, Fundamentals of Web Development Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar
Textbook to be published by Pearson Ed in early, Available from:
http://slideplayer.com/slide/10310631/, accessed 31 December 2017

Compurx infotech pvt. Ltd 2008, Hospital Management System - Outpatient Management,
Available from: http://dhanvantrihpms.com/NewModule/Opd.aspx. Accessed 04 Jan 2018

DrFirst 2000, Benefits of E-Prescribing, Available from: http://drfirst.com/benefits-of-e-

prescribing/, accessed 04 Jan 2018

EQMS Consulting 2014, Managing long queues during peak business hours has always been
a huge problem for banks, Available from:
http://queuemanagementsystems.com/solutions/banking/, accessed 23 November, 2017

Federal Urdu University 2009, Faisal Incremental Model, Available from:

https://slideshare.net/pakmuzammil/faisal-incremental-model, accessed 04 Jan 2018

Hossam Mohamed 2014, C#, Available from: https://slideshare.net/HossamMohamed16/c-

41571607, Accessed 01 January 2018

Illinois Institute of Technology 1971, Advantages & Disadvantages, Available from:

http://cs.iit.edu/~cs561/cs425/VenkatashSQLIntro/Advantages%20&%20Disadvantages.html
, accessed 1 Jan 2018

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Primacy 2015, Switching From Flash to HTML5 Banner Ads, Available from:
http://slideshare.net/ThePrimacy/switching-from-flash-to-html5-banner-ads, accessed 31
December 2017

Rajkumarsoy 2014, Introduction to ASP.NET, Available from:

http://slideshare.net/Rajkumarsoy/introduction-to-aspnet-41115707, accessed 31 December
2017

Shubhra Chauhan 2011, Ppt of c++ vs c#, Available from:

https://slideshare.net/chauhanshubhra/ppt-of-c-vs-c, 01 January 2018

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