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Subject Code: Music 4 – Popular Music and Music Performance

Learning Guide Code: 3.0 – Popular Music
Lesson Code: 3.1 – Jazz
Time Limit: 30 minutes

Popular music is a music known to almost everyone. It can be in a variety of styles which was
primarily intended to be heard by great number of listeners using mass media. For every generation,
popular music has its distinctive musical styles which was clustered and called a musical genre.
TA ATA
Components Tasks (in (in
minutes) minutes)

Target After completing Lesson 3.1 of this learning guide, you are
expected to: 1
▪ identify the salient historical points in jazz music; and, minte
▪ distinguish jazz music by its characteristics.
Hook Have you been in a hotel, music bar, or a restaurant with live
musical performers? Check the box if you can relate to the 1
Minute
following observations:
The performer rendered a song creatively, blending his own
style to the standard structure of a well-known song.
The performer extends or shortens some parts the song,
depending on the momentum of the audience participation.
The performer likes to involve the audience in singing some
parts of the song.
The performer added “fillers” or breaks a plain, single note
into several complementing notes to make it more unique.
In case of a band, the instrumentalist performs his short
exhibition of skills upon introduction by, commonly, the
vocalist.

If you have observed this in a performance, then, you have

experienced jazz.

Ignite WHAT IS JAZZ?

18
Watch: What is Jazz? minutes

https://www.youtube.com/embed/BMgKXbtQwoo?start=0&end=39

“Jazz can be described generally as music rooted in

improvisation and characterized by syncopated rhythm, a steady
beat, and distinctive tone colors and performance techniques.”
(Palada, 2017, p.51)

HOW DID JAZZ BEGAN?

Watch: The Birth of Jazz

https://www.youtube.com/embed/1eRNRzyX3ac?start=
0&end=2:55

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Jazz was born in America. African and European musical

elements combined to create jazz and develop it into a U.S. art
form.
African slaves who were brought to the U.S. preserved many
parts of their musical culture, including rhythms, songs, and
dances. During the 19th century, growing contact between
blacks and whites led to a meeting of musical cultures. (Palada,
2017, p.51)

HOW TO TELL IF IT’S JAZZ?

Jazz has many distinct characteristics which make it unique. The
original jazz and its offshoot musical styles has the significant
characteristics such as syncopated rhythm, a lot of improvisation
and a feature known as “call and response”.
Watch: What is Jazz?

https://www.youtube.com/embed/BMgKXbtQwoo?start=
0:39&end=1:15

Call-and-Response
This West African vocal music characteristic was innate in the
jazz, where a soloist’s verse is repeated by a chorus. Call-and-
response in jazz could have been emphasized during the church
services of the African Americans where the attendees were vocally
answering the “call” of the preacher. This is very evident in jazz
where a voice was answered by a chorus or an instrument or group
of instruments is answered by another instrument or a group of
instruments, respectively.
Watch: call and response - Jazz demonstration (2:49)

https://www.youtube.com/embed/sq19BZRKmLI
woo?start=0&end=2:49
Syncopated Rhythm
In a syncopated rhythm, the accent is on the beats outside or in
between the regular beat pattern. Rooted from the traditional
African drumming style and vocal chants, also influenced by
European music, syncopation in jazz goes throughout the music
giving it a more textured and livelier feel.
Watch: Jazz Rhythm Explained

https://www.youtube.com/embed/haD5u_YZ_cY
woo?start=0&end=7:54

Improvisation
Watch: Exploring Improvisation in Jazz
https://www.youtube.com/embed/ggnk1fCQENw?start=0
&end=2:59
woo
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only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled
documents are not subject to update notification.
 PROPERTY OF THE
PHILIPPINE SCIENCE
HIGH SCHOOL SYSTEM

“Making the music as you perform it”. That’s improvisation.

Jazz performers display their showmanship by intentionally
improvising the piece they are rendering---while performing it on
stage. It could be the length of the song, the accompaniment, the
enhancement of melodic tones, the verses (which may include
fillers, the tempo etc., all of these can be modified at the discretion
of the performer.

Navigate ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT:

6
MUSIC ANALYSIS (15 points) minutes

“Hotter Than That” (1927)

By Louis Armstrong and his Hot Five
Band

Fig. 1: Louis Armstrong and His Hot Five,

1926. Songbook1.files.wordpress.com
(Accessed May 2016)

 based on a tune written by Lillian Hardin Armstrong

(1898-1971), Armstrong’s wife and the pianist of the
band.
 The emphasis is on improvisatory solos
 Collective improvisation – so important in earlier New
Orleans style – is restricted to the introduction and the last
of four choruses.
 Louis Armstrong performs as both trumpeter and vocalist.
 His vocal solo, an example of scat singing, is like his
trumpet playing in sound & style.
 Other solos are by the clarinetist Johnny Dodds and the
trombonist Kid Ory
 At the middle and end of each chorus there is a brief
unaccompanied solo, a break.
 there is also a call & response between voice & guitar
 dissonant guitar chords at the end

1. What is collective improvisation?

__________________________________________

2. On what sections in “Hotter than That” are there

collective improvisation? ___________ & ___________

3. List the instruments with improvisatory solos:

____________, ____________, & ____________ (no
repetition)

4. What is a break?
______________________________________________
_______________________
5. How many breaks are there? ______

MUSIC 4 Page 3
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only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled
documents are not subject to update notification.
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6. List the instrumental breaks: ____________,

____________, ____________, & ____________ (no
repetition)
7. On what section is there “call & response”?
_____________

8. Between what performers is the call & response?

_____________ & ____________

NON-GRADED ASSESSMENT-Learning Activity Sheet No.1:

(To be submitted next meeting)
1. Browse the internet and explore other forms and styles of jazz.
List at least 2 of them and give a brief discussion for each of
your selection, with this guide questions:
a. How was the genre/form/style historically related to jazz?
b. What are the associative musical characteristics the selected
genre/form/style have?
2. Name at least 2 (1 foreign and 1 local) notable jazz artist (in
the past or the present) and give at least 1 paragraph discussing
the contribution of the selected artist to jazz music.
Knot Jazz may have had a pinch of sad story in its beginnings, but it
persisted and bloomed into a very stable foundation of popular 4
minutes
music. With its unique characteristics and style, jazz music stood in
the test of time, keeping the creativity of the artist and the mood of
the audience and listeners alive.
Finally, let’s watch again What is Jazz?

https://www.youtube.com/embed/BMgKXbtQwoo?s
tart=1:39&end=5:21

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

MARK ANTHONY M. DEL ROSARIO SHARON T. TUBIDA

Position: Special Science Teacher (SST) IV Position: Special Science Teacher (SST) II

Campus: PSHS-BRC Campus: PSHS-WVC

REFERENCE:
Palada, J. (2017). “Studies in Musical Style & Form: Post-Romantic to 20th Century.” A Workbook in
Music (Grade 10). Philippines: Mega TEXTS Phil., Inc.

VIDEOS:
Black History in Two Minutes, (2020, January 17). The Birth of Jazz Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1eRNRzyX3ac

MUSIC 4 Page 4
© 2020 Philippine Science High School System. All rights reserved. This document may contain proprietary information and may
only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled
documents are not subject to update notification.
 PROPERTY OF THE
PHILIPPINE SCIENCE
HIGH SCHOOL SYSTEM
Jazz at Lincoln Center's JAZZ ACADEMY, (2015,
October 6). Exploring Improvisation in Jazz
Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ggnk1fCQENw

National Museum of American History, (2015, July 16). What is Jazz? Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMgKXbtQwoo

waitingforgodzilla, (2010, July 16). call and response - Jazz demonstration Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sq19BZRKmLI

Walk That Bass, (2020, April 2). Jazz Rhythm Explained. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=haD5u_YZ_cY

IMAGE:
Fig. 1: Louis Armstrong and His Hot Five, (1926). Retrieved May 2016 from
Songbook1.files.wordpress.com

MUSIC 4 Page 5
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only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled
documents are not subject to update notification.