CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1. OVERVIEW

Recent advancements in communication technology using wireless

sensor devices opened vast opportunities for developers and researchers of
many intelligent smart systems developed for social relevant applications.
Using this, everyone is migrating to select only smart mobile phones, smart
sensors, smart home automation, smart irrigation system etc. The IoT permits
all individuals and things to be more smart and connected to the world. Hence
we can call it as Internet of Things. To facilitate new smart services and
redesign the active devices in smart cities are very effective, when we use
IoT. In this case garbage collection is reshaped to waste collection as a
service. Dynamic scheduling and collecting waste are the manual process, but
done efficiently through online using IoT. There are two issues connected to
smart waste collection. First how frequently collect waste from bins and
secondly how to inform this to the municipal authorities.
Smart Dustbin, is a garbage collecting dustbin, which is self aware and
detects the level of the waste in the dustbin. based on that it can send alert
messages to the municipal authorities, so the authorities make the
arrangements to replace the dustbin. This type of dustbins will be very useful
in places where the frequency of people using the dustbin varies because
timely checks won’t be sufficient. Other features are also added, one is
automated closing door of the doors with the help of the motors using
ultrasonic sensor, in case the dustbin is full, another is the detection of objects
around the dustbin using IR sensor, which in turn can help the dustbin from

1
accumulating wastes around the dustbin. An Node MCU is used to send the
information to the server. Power supply of 12V-2Amps is used for the circuit.
An IR Sensor is used for detecting objects and an ultrasonic sensor is used
for detecting the height filled by the dustbin. Buzzer is used as an alarm in
case people throw wastes around the dustbin. And the dustbin level can be
monitored through mobile at any time.

1.2. MOTIVATION OF THE PROJECT

As the world is in a stage of up gradation, there is one stinking problem

we have to deal with. Garbage! In our daily life, we see the pictures of
garbage bins being overfull and all the garbage spills out. This leads to the
number of diseases as large number of insects and mosquitoes breed on it.
A big challenge in the urban cities is solid waste management not only in
India but for most of the countries in the world. Hence, such a system has
to be build which can eradicate this problem or at least reduce it to the
minimum level. The project gives us one of the most efficient ways to keep
our environment clean and green. The smart city concept is still new in
India, although it has received a lot of attention in few years when our
present prime minister gave the idea of building 100 smart cities
throughout India. Now, with the upcoming large number of smart cities,
large numbers of responsibilities are also required to be fulfilled. The prime
need of a smart lifestyle begins with cleanliness and cleanliness begins with
dustbin. A society will get its waste dispatched properly only if the dustbins
are placed well and collected well. The main problem in the current waste
management system in most of the Indian cities is the unhealthy status of
dustbins. In this paper we have tried to upgrade the trivial but vital
component of the urban waste management system.

2
1.3. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The Main objective of this project is to monitor the dustbin and

maintain the environment smart and clean. Nowadays people are using more
products including food items, industrial products, medicines and plastic
materials. After expiry of these items they are put it into a dustbin for
disposal. Without proper maintenance of dustbins, these expiry items can
create epidemic diseases among people and pollution to the ambience. So the
dustbins at the cities, homes, industries and hospitals have to be maintained
properly to ensure cleanliness.

Smart Dustbin will be very useful in places where the frequency of

people using the dustbin varies because timely checks won’t be sufficient.
Other features are also added, one is automated closing door of the doors with
the help of the motors using ultrasonic sensor, in case the dustbin is full,
another is the detection of objects around the dustbin using IR sensor, which
in turn can help the dustbin from accumulating wastes around the dustbin. An
Node MCU is used to send the information to the server. Power supply of
12V-2 Amps is used for the circuit. An IR Sensor is used for detecting objects
and an ultrasonic sensor is used for detecting the height filled by the dustbin.
Buzzer is used as an alarm in case people throw wastes around the dustbin.
And the dustbin level can be monitored through mobile at any time.

3
1.4. ORGANIZATION OF THE PROJECT REPORT

The dissertation is categorized into 5 chapters in the following style.

 Chapter 1 presents the overview, research problem, objective

and scope of the proposed work.
 Chapter 2 provides the details about the various literatures
reviewed relevant to the proposed work.
 Chapter 3 discusses about the methodology and design.
 Chapter 4 shows the Result and analysis.
 Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future scope.