PARTS OF THE FLOWER

FERN LIFE CYCLE

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES

1. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS):

-Definition: A hormonal disorder characterized by the formation of multiple cysts on

the ovaries and hormonal imbalances.

-Symptoms: Irregular periods, heavy bleeding, acne, weight gain, excessive hair
growth, and fertility issues.

-Treatment: Lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise, hormonal contraceptives,

fertility medications, and in severe cases, surgery.

2. Endometriosis:

-Definition: A condition where the tissue that lines the uterus grows outside of it,
causing inflammation and pain.

-Symptoms: Pelvic pain, painful periods, pain during intercourse, heavy bleeding,
and infertility.

-Treatment: Pain medications, hormonal therapies, surgery to remove the abnormal

tissue, and fertility treatments.

3. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID):

-Definition: An infection of the female reproductive organs, usually caused by

sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia or gonorrhea.

-Symptoms: Lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal discharge, fever, painful

urination, and irregular periods.

-Treatment: Antibiotics to clear the infection, pain medications, and in severe cases,
hospitalization may be required.
4. Cervical Cancer:

-Definition: A type of cancer that starts in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus.

-Symptoms: Abnormal vaginal bleeding, pain during intercourse, pelvic pain, and
abnormal vaginal discharge.

-Treatment: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy

depending on the stage and extent of the cancer.

5. Ovarian Cancer:

-Definition: A type of cancer that forms in the ovaries, the organs that produce eggs.

-Symptoms: Abdominal bloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating or feeling full quickly,
urinary urgency, and changes in menstrual cycles.

-Treatment: Surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiation therapy

depending on the stage and spread of the cancer.

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES

1. Erectile Dysfunction (ED):

-Definition: The inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual

activity.

-Symptoms: Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection, reduced sexual desire,

and psychological distress.

-Treatment: Oral medications, lifestyle changes, therapy, vacuum devices, penile

injections, and in some cases, surgical interventions.
2. Prostatitis:

-Definition: Inflammation or infection of the prostate gland, a part of the male

reproductive system.

-Symptoms: Pain or discomfort in the pelvic region, frequent and painful urination,
urinary urgency, and flu-like symptoms.

-Treatment: Antibiotics for bacterial prostatitis, pain medications, alpha-blockers, and

anti-inflammatory drugs.

3. Testicular Cancer:

-Definition: Cancer that forms in the testicles, the male reproductive organs that
produce sperm and testosterone.

-Symptoms: Lump or swelling in the testicle, testicular pain or discomfort, swelling or

lumps in the groin, and changes in testicular size or shape.

-Treatment: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy

depending on the stage and type of cancer.

4. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH):

-Definition: Non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that can cause urinary
symptoms.

-Symptoms: Increased urinary frequency, weak urinary stream, difficulty starting or

stopping urination, and incomplete emptying of the bladder.

-Treatment: Medications to relax the prostate, alpha-blockers, 5-alpha reductase

inhibitors, minimally invasive procedures, and in severe cases, surgery.

5. Epididymitis:

-Definition: Inflammation or infection of the epididymis, a tube that carries and stores
sperm.
-Symptoms: Pain or discomfort in the scrotum, swelling, redness, and warmth of the
scrotal skin, and discharge from the penis.

-Treatment: Antibiotics for bacterial epididymitis, pain medications, scrotal support,

and rest.

 Penis-Main organ involved in sexual intercourse

 Testes - Male primary reproductive structures that produce sperm
 Scrotum - External pouch of skin that contains the testes.
 Epididymis - System of ducts that receive immature sperm from the testes
 Vas Deferens-pathway for sperm to travel from the epididymis to the urethra
 Ejaculatory Duct - Duct formed from the union of the ductus deferens and seminal vesicles
 Urethra - Tube that extends from the urinary bladder through the penis.
 Seminal Vesicles - Glands that produce fluid to nurture and provide energy for sperm cells
 Prostate Gland - Gland that produces a milky, alkaline fluid which increases sperm motility.
 Cowper's Glands - Small glands located at the base of the penis
 Labia majora-cover and protect sexual structures.
 Labia minora-provide protection for the clitoris
 Clitoris - Sensitive sexual organ located in front of the vaginal opening
 Vagina-muscular canal leading from the cervix
 Uterus - Muscular internal organ that houses and nurtures female gametes
 Fallopian tubes - Uterine tubes which transport egg cells
 Ovaries - Female primary reproductive structures that produce gametes and sex hormones