A

Micro-Project Report
on
“ Radius of Curvature”

Submitted by

Shivam targe

Prof. Kanade sir.

Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon

Department of Mechatronics
Academic Year 2022-2023
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai
 Certificate

This is to certify that Mr.Shivam Targe Roll no.159 of second

Semester of Diploma in Mechatronics of institute Sanjivani

K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon (Code-0034) has

completed the Micro-project work satisfactory in course Applied

Mathematics for the academic year 2022-2023 as prescribed in the

curriculum.

Course Teacher Head of Department Principal

Seal of
the
Institute
INTRODUCTION

Curvature-

Radius of Curvature

Where ९= Row

Where k is indicate for curvature.

Find the curvature at (3,-4) to the curve x²+y²=25.

Solution: Given- x²+y²=25--------------------(1)

Differentiate w.r.to.x, we get

2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2𝑥 + =0
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑥
=− − − − − − −(2)
𝑑𝑥 𝑦

𝑑𝑦 3 3
( ) (3, −4) = − = − − − − − −(3)
𝑑𝑥 −4 4

Again D. w. (2) w.r.to.x we get

𝑑𝑦
2
𝑑 𝑦 𝑥( )
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑦(1) −
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑦2

𝑥
𝑥 (− )
𝑦
𝑦− 2
𝑦

2
𝑥2
𝑦 + 3 − − − − − − − −(4)
𝑦
𝑑2𝑦 25 25
(3, −4) = − = − − − − − − − − − (5)
𝑑𝑥 2 (−4)3 64

𝑑2 𝑦
𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒(𝑘) = 𝑑𝑥 2
3
𝑑𝑦 2
(1 + ( ) )
𝑑𝑥

25
= 64
9 3
(1 + 16)

25
= 64 3
25
(16)

25
64
= 125
64

25
=
125

1
=
5
Find the radius of curvature of the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 𝑎𝑡 (2,8).

Solution: Given – 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − − − − − (1)

Differentiating w.r.to.x, we get

𝑑𝑦
= 3𝑥 2 − − − −(2)
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
(2,8) = 3(2)2 = 12 − − − − − − − −(3)
𝑑𝑥

Again Differentiate (2) w.r. to.x, we get

𝑑2 𝑦
= 6𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2

𝑑2 𝑦
( 2 ) (2,8) = 6(2) = 12
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 2
( 𝑑𝑥)
Radius of curvature ( ९) = 1 + 𝑑2 𝑦𝑙𝑑𝑥 2

(12)2
= ९ 𝑎𝑡 (2,8) = 1 +
12

(145)3
=
12

= 145.50 units.
Find the radius of curvature of curve xy = c at point (c,c).

Solution: Given – 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐 − − − − − (1)

Differentiate w.r.to.x , we get

𝑑𝑦
𝑥 + 𝑦(1) = 0
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑦
= − − − − − − − − −(2)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑐
(𝑐, 𝑐) = − = −1 − − − − − −(3)
𝑑𝑥 𝑐

Again Differentiate (2) w. r.to.x we get

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑥𝑑𝑦 𝑦(1)
= − 2
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑥

𝑑2 𝑦 −1 − 𝑐
(𝑐, 𝑐) = −
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑐2

2𝑐 2
(− ) =
𝑐2 𝑐

(1+(−1)2 )3
Radius of curvature ( ९) = 2

√2𝑐𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠.
Find the radius of curvature of the curve y²=4ax at point (a,2a).

Solution: Given-y² = 4ax -----------------(1)

Differentiating with respect to x, we get,

𝑑𝑦
2𝑦 − 4𝑎
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 4𝑎 2𝑎
= = − − − − − − − −(2)
𝑑𝑥 2𝑦 𝑦

𝑑𝑦 2𝑎
(𝑎, 2𝑎) = =1
𝑑𝑥 2𝑎

Again Differentiate (2) w. r. to. x , we get

𝑑2 𝑦 −1 𝑑𝑦
2 = 2𝑎 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 2 𝑦 2𝑎 2𝑎
= .
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑦

4𝑎 2
= −
𝑦2

𝑑2 𝑦 4𝑎 2 4𝑎 2 1
2
(𝑎, 2𝑎 ) = − 3
= − =
𝑑𝑥 (2𝑎) 8𝑎2 −2𝑎

3
(1+(1)2 )
Radius of curvature (९) = −2𝑎

= −2𝑎. 2√2

−4. √2𝑎 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

Find the radius of curvature of y= x³ at point (1,1).

Solution : Given – y= x³-----(1)

Differentiating w. r. to. x

𝑑𝑦 𝑑 3
= 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
= 3𝑥 2 − − − − − (2)
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
( ) (, 11) = 3(1)2 = 3
𝑑𝑥

Again D.w.r.to.x. in equation (2)

𝑑2𝑦
= 3(2𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 2

𝑑2 𝑦
= 6𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2

𝑑2𝑦
( 2 ) (1,1) = 6(1) = 6
𝑑𝑥

(1+(3)2 )3
Radius of curvature ( ९) = 6

(10)3
6

5.27 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠.
Find the radius of curvature of y= e^x at point (0,1)

Solution: y= e^x

Differentiating w. r. to. X

𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑥
= (𝑒 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
= 𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑥

Again D.w.r.to.x in equation in (1)

𝑑2 𝑦
= 𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2

𝑑2 𝑦
(0,1) = 𝑒° = 1
𝑑𝑥 2

(1+(1)2 )3
Radius of curvature ( ९) = 1

= 23

= 2√2 units
 1 1
Find the radius of curvature of the curve √𝑥 + √𝑦 = 1 𝑎𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (4 , 4).

Solution: Given- √𝑥 + √𝑦 = 1. − − − − − − − − − − − − (1)

Differentiate w. r. to.x. we get

1 1 𝑑𝑦
+ . =0
2√𝑥 2√𝑦 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 √𝑦
= − − − − − − − −−: − − (2)
𝑑𝑥 √𝑥

𝑑𝑦 1 1 √𝑦
( )( , ) = −
𝑑𝑥 4 4 𝑥

√1
4
− 1 = √1 = −1
4

Again Differentiate w.r.to.x we get

1
2
𝑑 𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑥
2 = √ 𝑥. . − √𝑦. √
𝑑𝑥 2√𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑥

√𝑦
√𝑥 √𝑦 2 𝑥
. (− ) − √
2√𝑦 √𝑥 𝑥
 √𝑦
1 2 𝑥
− − √
2 𝑥

𝑑2𝑦 1 1 1 1
( , )= = =4
𝑑𝑥 2 4 4 1 2 1
2( )
2( ) 8
4

(−1)2
Radius of Curvature (९) = 1+ 4

23
=
4

2√2
=
4

√2
= 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠.
2
A telegraph wire in the curved 𝑦=

𝑥
𝑎log sec (𝑎) in the curved , where a is constant . show that radius of curvature at any

𝑥
Point is asec (𝑎).

𝑥
Solution: Given curved – 𝑎 log𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑎) − − − − − (1)

Differentiate w.r.to.x

𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑥
= 𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑔 (sec ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑎

1 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 sec𝑥
= 𝑎( sec𝑥 ). 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑎 𝑎

𝑑𝑦 1 tanx 1
= 𝑎. /𝑎) . sec (x/a) . ( .( )
𝑑𝑥 sec𝑥 a a

𝑑𝑦 tan𝑥
= − − − − − −(2)
𝑑𝑥 𝑎

Again D.w.r.to x

𝑑
𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
( )= 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑎

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑥 1
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 ( ) ( )
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑎 𝑎

Radius of Curvature (९) = 1 + tan (𝑎))/ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑎)

𝑥 1 𝑥

𝑥
sec (𝑎)
=
1
𝑎

𝑥
= asec (𝑎)
A telegraph wire in the curve 𝑦=

𝑥 1 𝑥
𝑎 log𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑎) where a is constant . show that the curvature at that point is cos (𝑎).
𝑎

𝑥
Solution: Given – 𝑦 = 𝑎 log𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑎)

Differentiate w. r. to. X

𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑥
= 𝑎 log𝑠𝑒𝑐 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑎

𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑 𝑥
= 𝑎 ( ). sec ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑎

𝑑𝑦 𝑥
= tan ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑎

Again D. w. r. to. X

𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑥
( )= tan ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑎

𝑑2𝑦 𝑥 1
2
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 ( ) . ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑎 𝑎

1
𝑥 ( 𝑎)
Curvature (k)= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 ( )
𝑎 (1+tan𝑥)2
𝑎

1 1
= .
𝑎 sec𝑥

1 𝑥
= cos ( )
𝑎 𝑎