BRIEF NOTES

Thermal Buckling of /q? 2 z\2 /dzy dz

2
10
Orthotropic Plates a£ I d J V Vdf/ d\
Pz /dz\T/dz\2 d2*
P. Biswas 1 3^-p)'(^V-2^r-V/^V
dl3 \dy d\! ~ d\%\d$) \d\l
d*0> /d2z\2dz /dz\7
+ 13
Introduction
^F \d£2/ dt\dl)
d2z /dzxV/dzV
/dz\2/
7
dz\2/dz\7
d3z / /dz\
The literature on thermal buckling of elastic plates is rare. Dif-
' df2 W Vdf / ~ df3 W
\dt) Vdf/
\d{)
ferent investigators [1-3] 2 have solved some buckling problems of
3 2 2
isotropic materials only under different edge conditions. The aw I /d z\ /dz\i dz
+
present Note deals with the thermal buckling of plates of irregular ~a~l3 I3 Vdl2/ W df
shape. Temperature is assumed to vary through the thickness only. d 2 z /dz\i /dz\ 2
d3z /dz\7 /dz\ 2
A conformal mapping technique has been used and the critical 2 3
buckling temperatures for a circular plate, a square plate, and a dj \df/ \rf|/ ~ d| \d£/ \ d | /
square plate with rounded corners have been obtained with the a4w /dz\3/dz\7 £*w /dz\T /dz_\31
help of Galerkin's procedure. + 4
aF \d J Vdt/
.dfy af \d£/ \dj/ J
a 4 o> /dz\5 /dz\5
Governing Equation +B 2
From the equation of equilibrium of a load-free isotropic plate a?al \d£/ \d|/
[4] of thickness h, the corresponding equation of a heated ortho- a"w d z /dz\
2 5
/dzx* d 2 z /dz
a z y ('dzN
6

tropic plate is derived in complex coordinates in the form 2 2 2

'a^flldf W \d|/ ~ afa| df Vdf/ *>dj/
/a4w a4w\ a4w / a4w a4a> \ a2o> dJ 22,z ((zz / d z \ 4 / d z \ 4 " ]
A I—4 + — ) +B—r-7:+C(——+ — - 3) +
\az 2
dZ^Il 3
0Z dZ \aZ dZ 3ZdZ / a ^ a f d ^ 2 d j 2 Vd^/ \ d j / J
A,
d*W
+ D
(—Z +— ) + 2E = 0 (1)
La^a^ I \ d ^ 2 / \ d { / \ d { /
\3Z 3Z^/ ezez
where d z /dz\3/dz\G
3
G
) +3 /d2z\2/dz\6/dz\2

A = Dx + Dy - 2H, B = GDX + 6Dy + M, dy\dy (I) \dl) ®©®

C = 4(DX - Dy), D = NTWI - fa),
d3z / d z \ 6 / d z \ 3
a3o> d2z /dz\3 /dz\S
d | 3 Vd{/ \ d | / a¥dld£2\dy \dl)
fc/2 a3u d2z /dz\6 /dz\ 3
a4oj /dzs*/•dz\ 6
E = NTWI + 02) Tdz,
*J —,
h/2 a7aT2'dP\dy \dl) +
a^33a{\dt)
a£ aj \ d £ / V\ d | /
6 4
« l S 2 2 - «2Sl2 a2sii - aisi2 /dz\ /dz\ 1 „ ro u /dz\$ /dz\1
+D
2
+a w
2
/dz^ /dz\B

E'h3
PI -
S11S22 - S l 2
E"h3
, .
Z
Pi
S11S22 - 12 2 3
y (di)j by y
a^a| Vd^/ Vdf/ J 2
La^ Vd^/ Vd|/ ^y
2
af V d | / \ d ^ /
Ex'h» aw d 2 z /dz\i/dz\'' au>d2z /dz\n /dz\4~\
Dx Dv = ——, Di = ,
12 12 12 a£d£2\dZ/ W 'a|d| 2 \df/ \d|/ J
3
Gh a2w / d z \ 6 / d z \ 6
Dxy = , H = Di + 2Dxy (reference [6]), = 0 (2)
a^aj" \Vdf/
d { / Vdf.
d|/
(Co/it.)
T being the temperature through the thickness, s,;, elastic con-
stants and «i, «2, the coefficients of thermal expansions along the
Stability Criterion a n d Critical T e m p e r a t u r e . The solution
coordinate axes.
of (2) can be expressed as
If 2 = /(£) where £ = re1" be the mapping function which maps
the boundary under consideration in the £-plane onto a unit circle, N _ /An + 1 + <zi , _ \
then equation (1) reduces to (3)
„=i \ 1+ai /
3 2 1
raw f d zd zdz: dz /a/dzV
-({,!)» E Ui-(£l)n (4)
• % dt?dl?d$\dy
l
df\a
/d2z\ 3 ,dz_\ 7 _ d 4 ^ idz_\ 2 ,dz\ where ai = DJDX (for isotropy ai = v, the Poisson's ratio). Clearly
15
KdTv \dl) ~ d£4 W \dt) equation (3) satisfies the conditions of simple support, i.e., deflec-
d3z d2z dz /dz\i tion and radial moment are zero at r = 1, and equation (4) satisfies
+ • the clamped edge boundary conditions, i.e., deflection and slope
al dl3dl2d\\dy are zero at r = 1. Substituting (3) or (.4) into (2) and applying
2
/d z\3 /dz\7 d4z /dz\7 /dz\2 Galerkin's procedure one gets
15 4
Vd|2/ Vd£/ ~ ~dj \d~l) \ d | /
j «iv(f, D'wds = 0, (n = 1, 2, ,N) (5)
+a w f l0/d z\%dz
2 2
/dz\7
* fe)*(r \d$ l 2
dt\d\)
where t,y(£, | ) is the error function.
d3z /dz\i/dz\i nd
2
z /dz\*/dz\i Equation (5) gives a system of N simultaneous equations. For a
]
(2)
di3\di) \dl) d?\dl) \d\) nontrivial solution the determinant of the coefficients of the un-
knowns vanishes identically. The vanishing of the determinant
gives the stability criterion from which the lowest root gives the
1
Department of Mathematics, P. D. Women's College, Jalpaiguri, West critical buckling temperature.
Bengal, India.
2
Numbers in brackets designate References at end of Note.
Manuscript received by ASME Applied Mechanics Division, August, Numerical Results
1975; final revision, December, 1975. Critical buckling temperatures are obtained for a circular plate,

Journal of Applied Mechanics Copyright © 1976 by ASME JUNE 1976 / 361

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 Table 1
Plate Mapping Critical buckling Critical buckling .
shape Function temperature temperature
(orthotropic) (iVy) (isotropic )(Wr) cr
5 + a, Dx = Dy=H = D" {say)
P~ -,
1 + a, al = a2 = a(say) reference [5] reference [4 J
2(3 + a , )
q
0,=fc=-
1 + al 1 —v
(for N=l)
Clamped z = a% 1.84B 14.72(1-!>)£>' 14.78(1 — v)D
circular 2
plate of a ixB a2uE
radius a reference [7] (JV = 2)

Simply z= A(160.2p + 151.21 q + 47.5pq — 28.1q 2 + 128) 5.01(1— v)D' 4.9(1 — v)D'
supported 1.08a£ + 2B(0.76p + 0.31q + 0.45q + 0.502pq + 0.42)
square plate —0.1104a£ s a1aE a2aE
2 2
of side 2a + . . . . aE(j3, +|3 2 )(1.08a) (2.58pq + 2.04q
reference [ 7 ] + 8.7g + 8.22p + 6.35)
(For N = 1)

Simply 4(1.48;? + 1.9pq + 1.10q 16.8(1— v)D'

supported + 0.996? 2 +0.71) + J5(0.508p
square plate where a2aE
+ 0.25q + 0.024pq + O.OSq2 + 0.18)
with rounded 25a
corners L = aE(p\ + (3jl, 2 (0.63pq + 0.382q 2 + 1.42q
48 + 1.6p + 0.95)
(ForN = 2)
25
reference [8]

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 BRIEF NOTES
a square plate and a square plate with rounded corners and the re- -H 2r K-
sults are given in the following tabular form.

Acknowledgment
The author expresses his thanks to Dr. B. Banerjee, Jalpaiguri
Government Engineering College for his guidance in completing
this paper.

References
1 Nowacki, W., Thermoelasticity, 1962 ed., Addison Wesley Publishing
Co., New York. Fig. 1 Geometry and the coordinate system
2 Mansfield, E. H., Proceedings of the Royal Society, London, Series A,
No. 1334, 1962, pp. 268-316.
3 Klosaner and Forray, Journal of Aerospace Science, No. 25, 1958, p.
181.
4 Boley and Weiner, Theory of Thermal Stresses, Wiley, 1960.
5 Sarkar, S. K., Indian Journal of Mechanics and Mathematics, Vol.
105 tI oi - -3
VI, No. 1,1967.
6 Timoshenko and Krieger, Theory of Plates and Shells, McGraw-Hill,
New York, 1969, p. 365.
7 Laura, P. A., and Shahady, P., Journal of Engineering Mechanics Di-
vision, ASCE., EM-1, Feb. 1969. 95 • <*= -2

8 Mansfield, E. H., Bending and Stretching of Plates, Addison Wesley

Publishing Co., New York, 1962. <*= -I

*= 0
S5

75 * = -3
Large Amplitude Vibrations of
Shallow Spherical Shell With
Concentrated Mass <x = -2
65
J. Ramachandran 1 N
<* = .| , * = 0 "

55
Introduction
Recently Chiang and Chen [l] 2 obtained the solution of free vi-
brations of circular plates containing rigid masses at their centers «-= -3
undergoing large amplitude motions. Ramachandran [2] studied
45
the effect of a concentrated mass on the large amplitude vibration
of rectangular plates. The present work is concerned with the large oc = -2
amplitude vibrations of shallow spherical shells with concentrated
mass. The mass located at the apex has been replaced by a variable V— ,*-., c*=o—^_^.
density function with the use of Dirac delta function. The Mar- 35
guerre's shallow shell equations used for the analysis are solved by •25 •75
Galerkin's averaging technique resulting a system of total differen-
2
tial equations in the time functions. Numerical results are present- Fig. 2 Relation between (o>*) and A for immovable edge condition for
ed for axisymmetric vibrations of clamped shallow spherical shells i = %; (mass ratio: — 1/2; 1; 2)
with (a) immovable and (fe) movable edge conditions.

Analysis , ["/o(ffmp) Jo(ftnp)"|

oi(p, t)
A shallow spherical shell carrying a concentrated mass together
with the coordinate system is shown in Fig. 1. The equations of
'h£iHwm) ./oGuJ (3)

Equation (3) is substituted into equation (2) and the resulting

motion are
equation is solved for F or its derivatives. The latter and equation
2 2
D _4. . 2H[a2F l a F ] 1 r_la Fao> 1 aF a uf[ (3) are then substituted into equation (1) and Galerkin's averaging
-V u> + 4
R4 fl Lap2 - +papl R4l pap2ap p ap dp2 J technique is applied. This gives the following modal equations for
••>2_a
the two cases considered:
(1) (a) For Immovable Edge Condition.
L 2irp J at2
„,\2H[a2<* law! I [la2o>awl] 1
— + [130.68 + 30.456 £2]ai
V4F + Eh\— 4 2— + +— =0 (2) L 27T7h
7I1 J
[R lap pap] Rilpap2ap\\
228.96 £ a i 2 + 91.162 a i 3 = 0 (4)
where H is the rise of the shell above the base, p = r/R, and 5 is the
Dirac delta function. An expression for the deflection function u is (b) For Movable Edge Condition.
taken in the form 2
10Mai ( a ) " | dd 22 a i
1 ai r
1 +- - + [106.66 + 19.2 £2]ai
1 27T7h lor'
Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology, Ma-
dras 600 036, India. Mem. ASME. - 36.4£ a i 2 + 15.248 a i 3 = 0 (5)
2
Numbers in brackets designate References at end of Note.
Manuscript received by ASME Applied Mechanics Division, August, 1975. where

Journal of Applied Mechanics JUNE 1976 / 363

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