Name ofstudent:adulla Hossal

Gneup T cA
. Top killers among infectious diseases worldwide are:
A. HIVIAIDS
B. Tuberculosis
C. Shigellosis
D. Salmonellosis
E. Malaria
PHIVIAIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria

2. Please deseribe what Infectivity is

AAbility of agent to cause infection
B. Severity of the disease after infection occurs.
C. Measured by case fatality rate or proportion of clinical cases that develop severe disease.
D. Ability of an organism to produce an inmune response that provides protection against reinfection with
the same or similar agent
E. All of he above

3. What is epidemic
A. A worldwide epidemic affecting an exceptionally high proportion of the global population.
B. The occurrence in an area of a disease or illness in excess of what may be expected on the basis of past
experience for a given population
C. The constant presence of a disease or infectious agent within a given geographic area.

4. What is passive immunization

LAMethods of acquisition include natural maternal antibodies, antitoxins, and immune globulins
B. Methods of acquisition include natural infection, vaccines and toxoids
C. Relatively permanent

5. All the following answers are correct except:

A. The formation of memory cells is the basis for the relatively permanent effects of vaccinations
B. Natural Infection with microorganism or artificial acquisition t vaccine) both stimulate the proliferation of
T and B cells. resulting in the formation of effect or and memory cells
AVaccine does not stimulate B cells

6. What is the normal immunological role of the CD8+ T-cel1?

A. Helps B-lymphocytes to develop into plasma cells.
B. Kills virus infected cells.
C. Secretes antibodies.
D. Rejects transplanted tissue.

1 What is the definition of Mutualism:

A. Both organisms benefit from living together
B. One organism benefits, the other is not affected
C.One organism benefits, the other is harmed
D. None of the above

8. What is the disease incidence:

A. Percentage of population that has the disease during given time period.
Pereentage of population that contract: a disease in a given time period (new cases).
C. Many people acquire disease in short lime period.
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

9. What is a latent infectious disease:

 10, What Ia P'rudromal
A porod
aly, nild ay nmptonma ol dio
T o hetween mitlnl
inteetlon nd appo e of ulpns d 4yplog
N i l ay ptomm ubullo, Patlont i vulonl1le to weHdwy inleCtOe

I1,Davelornden f ve attenwnld vaeeuent

AAlemted
IMust epliente ewenkenwd) lonNo the"wild" viun utori
to he oflootlve
lmne ieapmne slnilur to
1). Uaually ollectlve wih one donenutwnl nfoeton
Allod the above
12. Daeterlnl ive atennted
Mump vrelos neludes
lepatiis I
CDiphiheru
D,Tetamus
G

1, Whut is the
unetlon of
A.
hemagglutinin faeiltatea Neurniuduse
cleaves receptor's, allownpnttuv'hnent of Uhe virus to cell
virul relene receptor
help vus lr unenating nd
entry to the nuucleu
4, ive the
dellnition to
A. cditing meehnisms (RNA Antigenle "shit
gcóetic re-assortnent 1polymeruse) ullow for ninor
human or pig createN A 1ixchunge of genes botweon uvianchanges in the virus to occur
and human inllucnza virus constantly
new slrain, witlh tlie that co-infects a
C. All of the nbove worst of human and avian
characteristics
15, Which
medientlons belong to M2 inhilbitors;
A. Aantadine
3. Interfe1on
C. Oseltamivir
D. 7umamiavir
E. All of
the ubove
J6, Oseltamivir
should be initiated
A.within 48 hours of onset of influenza
5. within 92
hours of onset of syiptons
C wilhin 5 days of onel of syniptonms
D. None of the
above syniplom
17. 'The
A. 10-21 days
typieal ineubation period for ulhuenza is
.7-14 days

D, 3-10 ours

18, Oseltmlvir is efeetive for sensonal

inlluenzn, since:
2
 A. Earlier resolution of
3.
illness
Earlier return to normal
C.Reduction in activities
D
Reductions inassociated-respiratory
hospitalizations
tract intections

E.All of the above

19. Which one is correct?
A.SARS-CoV-2 uses the transmembrane ACE-2
B.
SARS-CoV-2 uses CD4 receptor to invade the receptor to invade the body.
C.cOVID-19 rarely can be target cell.
D. All of above
mentioned
transmitted by blood.

20. Which is NOT

A.
correct?
Ihe incubation period for COVID-19, is, on average 5-6 days, but can be up to 14
B. The incubation period days.
for COVID-19, can be up to 28 days.
C. infected persons can be
some
contagious, from 1-3 days before symptom
D.COVID-19 can be manifested as asymptomatic, mild, moderate and severe.onsel.
Severe infection - severe
atypical pneumonia. ARDS, Sepsis and septic shock
21. Which is NOT correct?
A. The use
of dexamethasone is recommended in hospitalized patients with severe respiratory complications
COVID-I9 who are on mechanical ventilation or
require oxygen supply.
8.The use of
dexamethasone is recommended for all COVID-19 patients
C. Administration of corticosteroids to patients with sepsis is recommended if adequate infusion and
vasopressor therapy fail to stabilize hemodynamic parameters.
D. All of above mentioned

22. Which is NOT correet?

ABased on the results ofa recent systematic review recommended by WHO, the US CDC, and the Us
FDA, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are safe for patients with COVID-19 and may be prescribed as
symptomatic therapy.
B. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should not be used categorically in Patients with COVID-19
C. All of above mentioned

23. Which is correct?

.Cyiokine storm" is a physiological reaction of the body, during which the immune system releases
uncontrolled and excessive proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6)
B. "Cytokine storm" is a physiological reaction of the body, during which the immune system releases
Interferon Gamma
C. "Cytokine storm" is a physiological reaction of the body, during which the immune system releases
Tumor Necrosis Factor
D. All of above mentioned

24. Which is NOT correct?

A. Critically
ill patients with COVID-19 should be
placed in the intensive care unit as soon as possible.
B. Therapeutic measures for critically ill patients include management of severe complications: severe
pneumonia, ARDS, cytokine release syndrome
t . Antibiotics should be used for all patients with COVID-19
D. Isolation of the patient with COVID-19 is essential to prevent transmission of the infection.

25. Why is the infectious dose of Vibrio cholerae so

high?
A. Because the organism has no virulence factors.
B. Because the organisms must invade all the cells at the mucosa
of the duodenum and jejunum.
e. Because most are killed by the acidic environment in the stomach.
D. Because theorganism is not spread person-to-person.
E. Because most are killed by lysozyme in saliva.
 26. The most characteristic symptom of eholera is:
A. High fever
B.Watery diarrhea
C.Headache
D. Persistent cough

27. Cholera toxin:

A. Inereases the levels of intracellular
B. Acts
through the opoid receptors cylie GMP
.Causes
D. Inhibits continued activation of
the
enzyme adenylatecyclase
28.
phosphodiesterase
Choose
A.
Reservoir of incorrect answer for viral
infection is gastroenterilis:
B.
Asymptomatic infection isHuman
common.
Ostie tests
indiidual case. used are
primarily for the purpose of identifying the of an
D. There is the cause outbreak, rather than an
special antiviral treatment
29.
A. Proximal Non-inflammatory
small diarrhea characterized with:
B. Watery diarrheabowel location
C.
Negative
D. All of the lactoferrin test
above
30. Which
serovar of
A. Shigella sonnei shigella is most common in
B. Shigella flexneri developing countries:
C. Shigella boydii
D. Shigella dysenteriae

31. What is
the incubation period
A. 6-10 days of
BT4 days Shigellosis:
C.2 weeks

32,
A. fecal Microscopic examination of stool in
B. no fecal polymorphonuclear
leukocytes leukocytes dysentery or inflammatory diarrhea
shows::
C.
presence of enterotoxin
D. mild or no
increase in fecal lactoferrin
33. Which
A. Loperamide medicament is recommended as
first-line treatment of
E.Ciprofloxacin
C. Erythromycin
shigellosis?
D. Cefotaxime

34. What is the

A. Humans reservoir for Escherichia coli O157:H7?
LB Cattle
C. Soil
D.Wild rodents
E. Ameba
35. Which is correet
answer?
 A. Chickenpox is caused by HHV-3
B. Chickenpox is a highly contagiOus discase
C.Chickenpox is a benign disease of children
D. Chickenpox is a primary intection
cauUsed by the varicella zoster virus
E All answers are correct

36. Which is correct answer?

ADuring chickenpox, the virus infects dorsal root ganglia where it remains latent and
residence (latent infection). establishes litelong
B. In case of recurrence of
C. Varicella-zoster virus
chickenpox, the disease is mild
genetic material represented by ribonucleic acid
D. Chickenpox is a disease of
high lethality
37. Which is correet answer?
b.Prodromal symptoms during chickenpox are: nausea, loss ofappetite, muscle pain, headache
B. During chickenpox, the
symptoms start suddenly
C. Prodrom during clhickenpox is shorter in children than in adults
D. Children with chickenpox may have no prodromal symptoms at all and the disease may start directy witn

rash
E. All answers are correct

38. Which is correct answer? Complication of chickenpox is:

A. Bacterial superinfection of the skin
B. Encephalitis
C. Virus-induced pneumonia
D. bleeding diatheses
E . All answers are correct

39. Which is NOT correct regarding herpes zoster

infected with VZV.
A. All people who have had chickenpox are latently
cellular immunity
latency occurs permanently, but specific
B. Subclinical reactivation of VZV during
ensures virus elimination.
in quantitative and
and clinical manifestations of the disease
occur
C. Large-Scale reacti vation of latent VZV
deficiency virus-specific
of cellular immunity
functional
BAll answers are correct

40. Which is the correct answer?

A. During infectious mononucleosis. the virus replicates in hepatocytes.
in neurons?
B. During infectious mononucleosis. the virus replicates
LE.During infectious mononucleosis, the virus replicates in B lymphocytes