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𝐼𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 1
11. Weight (Wi) = / 𝑁𝑜. [Equal Weight েেলে]
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦
Solution
Tips & Help Line: ** প্রশ্নপলত্র Number of years থাকাই েছলরর সংখ্যা দ্বারা ভাগ করা হল়েলছ।
Calculation of Expected rate of retune (R):
∑ 𝑅𝑖
We know that, E(R) =
𝑁
∑ 𝑅𝑖
For-A: E(RA) =
𝑁
𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑅3 + 𝑅4 + 𝑅5
=
𝑁
8% + 3% + 10% + (−2%) + 10%
=
5
35
= = 7% Ans.
5
For-B: E(RB)
4% + 5% + 10% + (−2%) + 8%
=
5
25
= = 5% Ans.
5
Solution
Tips & Help Line: ** প্রশ্নপলত্র দযলহতু Probability দেও়ো আলছ দসলহতু Probability এর সাহালে Standard Deviation ননর্ ়েব করলে
হলে।
Calculation of Standard deviation (SD) / σ:
We Know that, σi = √∑[𝑅𝑖 − 𝐸(𝑅)]2 × 𝑃𝑖
σx = √(40% − 8.50%)2 × .10 + (10% − 8.50%)2 × .20 + (0% − 8.50%)2 × .10 + (5% − 8.50%)2 × .20 + (15% − 8.50%)2 × .10
= √(31.50%)2 × .10 + (1.50%)2 × .20 + (−8.50%)2 × .10 + (−3.50%)2 × .20 + (6.50%)2 × .10
= √113.575%
= 10.66%
Problem – 04
The Akthar furniture and Brother furniture Company have the following joint Probability distribution of return for the next
year
State of Economy Akthar Furniture Brother Furniture Probability
Return (%) Return (%)
Boom 12 16 0.40
Recession 10 –5 0.30
Normal 11 14 0.30
(a) Calculate the expected co-variance of returns for the Akthar furniture and Brother furniture company.
(b) What is the correlation of returns between the Akthar and Brother furniture company?
Solution:
(a) To determine co-variance, at first we have to calculate Expected Return for each Company.
Let, Akthar furniture = A
Brother furniture = B
𝑛
. ᱸ. E(R) = ∑ 𝑅𝑖 𝑃𝑖
𝑖=1
E(RA) = (0.12 × 0.40) + (0.10 × 0.30) + (0.11 × 0.30)
= 0.048 + 0.03 + 0.033
= 0.111 = 11.1%
E(RB) = (0.16 × 0.40) + (– 0.05 × 0.30) + (0.14 × 0.30)
= 0.064 + (– 0.015) + 0.042
= 0.091 = 9.1%
We know,
n
Problem – 05
The following information are available for stock X, Y and Z.
Stock Bear Market Normal Market Bull Market
Stock – X 15% – 12% 16%
Stock – Y 20% – 8% 25%
Stock – Z 25% 10% – 10%
Probability 0.4 0.3 0.3
Required:
(a) Calculate the expected rate of return for each stock.
(b) Calculate the standard deviation for returns on stocks X, Y and Z.
(c) Assume you invest your Tk. 50,000 portfolios into a Tk. 10,000 in stock 'X' and rest of them equally invest in stock Y
and Z. What is the expected return on your portfolio?
Solution:
(a) We know, Expected Rate of Return,
𝑛
. ᱸ. E(R) = ∑ 𝑅𝑖 𝑃𝑖
𝑖=1
For stock 'X'
E (RX) = (15 × 0.4) + (– 12 × 0.3) + (16 × 0.3)
= 6 + (– 3.6) + 4.8
= 7.2%
For stock 'Y'
E (RY) = (20 × 0.4) + (– 8 × 0.3) + (25 × 0.3)
= 8 + (– 2.4) + 7.5
= 13.1%
For stock 'Z'
E (RZ) = (25 × 0.4) + (10 × 0.3) + (– 10 × 0.3)
= 10 + 3 – 3
= 10%
(b) Standard Deviation for each stock:
We know,
𝑛
= √210 𝟏𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎
= 14.49% Wx= 𝟓𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎 = .20
(c) Expected Portfolio Return:
We know, E (RP) =∑Wi*E( R ) 𝟐𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎
Wy= 𝟓𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎 = .40
= E(RX) WX + E(RY) WY + E(RZ) WZ
= (7.2 × 0.20) + (13.1 × 0.40) + (10 × 0.40)
= 1.44 + 5.24 + 4 𝟐𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎
Wz= 𝟓𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎 = .40
= 10.68%
Solution
Required-(a): Calculation of expected rate of return E(R):
For- (highball stock): E(R) = ∑ 𝑅𝑖 × 𝑃𝑖
E(RA) = R 1 × P 1 + R2 × P 2 + R 3 × P 3
= – 2% × .25 + 9.20% × .60 + 15.40% × .15
= – .50% + 5.52% + 2.31%
= 7.33%
For- (Slow bear stock):
E(RA) = R1 × P1 + R2 × P2 + R3 × P3
= 5% × .25 + 6.20% × .60 + 7.40% × .15
= 1.25% + 3.72% + 1.11%
= 6.08%
Required-(b): Calculation of Standard deviation (SD) / σ
For- (highball stock):
We Know that, σ = √∑[𝑅𝑖 − 𝐸(𝑅)]2 × 𝑃𝑖
= √(−2% − 7.33%)2 × .25 + (9.20% − 7.33%)2 × .60 + (15.40% − 7.33%)2 × .15
= √(−9.33%)2 × .25 + (1.87%)2 × .60 + (8.07%)2 × .15
= √21.76% + 2.10% + 9.77%
= √33.63%
= 5.80%
For- (Slow bear stock):
We Know that, σ = √∑[𝑅𝑖 − 𝐸(𝑅)]2 × 𝑃𝑖
= √(5% − 6.08%)2 × .25 + (6.20% − 6.08%)2 × .60 + (7.40% − 6.08%)2 × .15
= √(−1.08%)2 × .25 + (0.12%)2 × .60 + (1.32%)2 × .15
= √0.2916% + 0.00864% + 0.26136%
= √0.5616%
= 0.75%
Calculate a table for Variance
Required - (c): Calculate of Covariance and correlation between the returns on the two stock.
We know that, Covariance =
=√(−2% − 7.33%)2 × .25 × (5% − 6.08%)2 × .25 + (9.20% − 7.33%)2 × .60 × (6.20% − 6.08%)2 × .60 + (15.40% − 7.33%)2 × .15 × (7.40% − 6.08%)2 × .15
= √(−9.33%)2 × .25 × (−1.08%)2 × .25 + (1.87%)2 × .60 × (0.12%)2 × .60 + (8.07%)2 × .15 × (1.32%)2 × .15
= √21.76% × 0.2916% + 2.098% × 0.00864% + 9.7687% × 0.26136%
= √8.916274152
= 2.986%
𝐶𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 2.986
Again, Correlation = = = 0.686 Ans.
𝜎𝐴 × 𝜎 𝑏 5.80 × 0.75
Solution
Calculation of Expected Return:
We know that,
E(Ri) = ∑ 𝑅𝑖 𝑃𝑖
Now, E(RA) = – 10%* (0.1) + 2% (0.2) + 12% (.4) + 20% (0.2) + 38% (0.1)
= – 1% + 0.4% + 4.8% + 4% + 3.8%
= 12%
E(RB) = – 35 (0.1) + 0 (0.2) + 20 (0.4) + 25 (0.2) + 45 (0.1)
= – 3.5 + 0 + 8 + 5 + 4.5
= 14%
Calculation of Risk (Standard Deviation):
We know that,
σi = √∑[𝑅𝑖 − 𝐸(𝑅)]2 × 𝑃𝑖
Now,
1
σA=[(−10% − 12%)2 (0.1) + (2 − 12)2 (0.2) + (12 − 12)2 (0.4) + (20 − 12)2 (0.2) + (38 − 12)2 (0.1) ]2
1
= (48.4 % + 20 + 0 + 12.8 + 67.6)2
1
= (148.8)2
= 12.2%
Now,
1
σB = [(−35 − 14)2 (0.1) + (0 − 14)2 (0.2) + (20 − 14)2 (0.4) + (25 − 14)2 (0.2) + (45 − 14)2 (0.1) ]2
1
= (240.1 + 39.2 + 14.4 + 24.2 + 96.1)2
1
= (414)2
= 20.35%
Co-efficient of variation:
σA
CVA = × 100
E(RA )
0.122
= × 100
0.12
= 101.67
σB
CVB = × 100
E(RB )
0.2035
= × 100
0.14
= 145.36%
Solution
Now,
We know that,
∑[𝑅𝑖 −𝐸(𝑅)]2
σ=√
𝑁−1
Calculation of Standard Deviation (σ)
(40 − 10)2 + (10 − 10)2 + (10 − 10)2 + (− 20 − 10)2
σA =√
4−1
900 + 0 + 0 + 900
=√
3
1800
=√ 3
= √600
= 24.49%
Problem – 09
The following information is available for two stock P and Q.
Parr meter Stock - P Stock - Q
Expected Return E(R) 15% 16%
Standard Deviation σ 8% 10%
Correlation Co-Efficient .40.
(a) What is the Covariance between stock P and Q?
(b) What is the Expected Return and Risk of a Portfolio in which P and Q have weights of .70 and .30?
Solution
(a) We know,
COV.PQ
Correlation Co-efficient, CorpQ =
σP σQ
COV.PQ
0.40 =
(0.08) (0.10)
COV.PQ
0.40 =
0.008
.˙. COVPQ = 0.0032
Solution
We know that, R+
∑ 𝑅𝑖
R==
𝑁
Here,
14 + 12 + 16 + 18
RA =
4
60
=
4
= 15%
15 + 17 + 14 + 19
RA =
4
65
=
4
= 16.25%
Again, Calculation of SD
∑[𝑅𝑖 −𝐸(𝑅)]2
σ=√
𝑁−1
(14 − 15)2 + (12 − 15)2 + (16 − 15)2 + (18 − 15)2
σA =√
4−1
1+9+1+9
=√ 3
20
=√
3
= √6.67
= 2.58%
(15 − 16.25)2 + (17 − 16.25)2 + (14 − 16.25)2 + (19 − 16.25)2
ΣB =√
4−1
1.5625 + 0.5625 + 5.0625 + 7.5625
=√ 3
14.75
=√
3
= √4.92
= 2.22%
(14 – 15) (15 – 16.25) + (12 – 15) (17 – 16.25) + (16 – 15) (14 – 16.25) + (18 – 15) (19 – 16.25)
COV.A,B =
4
1.25 – 2.25 – 2.25 + 8.25 5
= => => 1.25
4 4
𝐶𝑂𝑉.𝐴,𝐵
Correlation ( r ) =
𝜎𝐴 𝜎𝐵
1.25
=
2.58 × 2.22
1.25
=
5.7276
= 0.22
Now, Portfolio Return,
E(Rp) = RA WA + RB WB
= 15 (0.5) + 16.25 (0.5)
= 7.5 + 8.125
= 15.625%
And, Portfolio Risk,
𝜎𝑃 = √(WA )2 (σA )2 + (WB )2 (σB )2 + 2 . WA WB σA σB r A,B
= √(2.58)2 (0.5)2 + (2.22)2 (0.5)2 + 2 × 2.58 × 2.22 × 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.22
= √1.6641 + 1.2321 + 0.630036
= √3.526236
= 1.88%
Solution
Workings:
R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 + R5
E (RA) =
N
0.08 + 0.03 + 0.16 + (− 0.02) + 0.10
=
5
= 0.07 = 7%
R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 + R5
E (RB) =
N
0.04 + 0.05 + 0.10 + (− 0.02) + 0.08
=
5
= 0.05 = 5%
Req. – (i): Calculation of covariance:
Stock – A Stock – B [R – E (RA)] ×
R E (RA) [R – E (RA)] R E (RB) [R – E (RB)] [R – E (RB)]
0.08 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.05 – 0.01 – 0.0001
0.03 0.07 – 0.04 0.05 0.05 0 0
0.16 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.05 0.05 0.0045
– 0.02 0.07 – 0.09 – 0.20 0.05 – 0.07 0.0063
0.10 0.07 0.03 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.0009
∑ [R – E (RA)] × [R – E (RB)] = 0.0116
Portfolio Standard:
(a): σP = √σA 2 WA 2 + σB 2 WB 2 + 2. WA WB COV
= √(0.0686)2 × (0.50)2 + (0.0458)2 × (0.50)2 + 2 × 0.50 × 0.50 × 0.00232
= √(0.00471 × 0.25) + (0.00209764 × 0.25) + 0.00116
= √0.0011775 + 0.00052441 + 0.00116
= √0.00286191
= 0.0535
= 5.35%
(a): σP = √σA 2 WA 2 + σB 2 WB 2 + 2. WA WB COV
= √(0.0686)2 × (0.70)2 + (0.0458)2 × (0.30)2 + 2 × 0.70 × 0.330 × 0.00232
= √(0.00471 × 0.49) + (0.00209764 × 0.09) + 0.0009744
= √0.0023079 + 0.000188787 + 0.0009744
= √. 003471087
= 0.0589
= 5.89%
Solution
Calculation of expected rate of return: E(R):
We know that, E(R) = ∑ 𝑅𝑖 𝑊𝑖
Required - (i):
1
Here: Wi = = 0.25 each
4
E(RP) = (RA × WA) + (RB × WB) + (RC × WC) + (RD × WD)
= (12% × .25) + (20% × .25) + (15% × .25) + (10% × .25)
= 3% + 5% + 3.75 % + 2.50%
= 14.25% Ans.
Required - (ii):
1 − .10 .90
Here: when , WA = .10 then , Wi = = = 0.30 each
3 3
E(RP) = (RA × WA) + (RB × WB) + (RC × WC) + (RD × WD)
= (12% × .10) + (20% × .30) + (15% × .30) + (10% × .30)
= 1.20% + 6% + 4.50 % + 3%
= 14.70% Ans.
Required - (iii):
1 − .20 .80
Here: when, WA = .10 WB = .10 then Wi = = = 0.40 each
2 2
E(RP) = (RA × WA) + (RB × WB) + (RC × WC) + (RD × WD)
= (12% × .10) + (20% × .10) + (15% × .40) + (10% × .40)
= 1.20% + 2% + 6 % + 4%
= 13.20% Ans.
Problem – 13
You are supplied the following information of Fahim Limited:
Stock E(R) Weight σ
A 0.12 0.40 0.06
B 0.18 0.60 0.12
Required:
(i) Return on portfolio;
(ii) Return on standard deviation.
Solution:
Req.-(ii): Return on portfolio (RP):
Here,
RA = 0.12 RB = 0.18 WA = 0.40 WB = 0.60 RP =?
RP = R A WA + R B WB
= (0.12 × 0.40) + (0.18 × 0.60)
= 0.048 + 0.108
= 0.156
or, RP = 15.6%
Req.-(ii): Return on standard devotion (𝛔𝐏 ):
Here,
σA = 0.06 σB = 0.12 WA = 0.40 WB = 0.60 σP =?
σP = √σA 2 WA 2 + σB 2 WB 2
Problem-14
ABC Company Ltd. Is considering two mutually exclusive projects X and Y . project X costs Tk. 3,60,000 and Project Y Tk.
3,60,000. You have been supplied with following NPV and probability distribution for each project:
Project-X Project-X
Estimated NPV Probability Estimated NPV Probability
Tk. 30,000 0.1 Tk.30,000 0.2
60,000 0.4 60,000 0.3
1,20,000 0.4 1,20,000 0.3
1,50,000 0.1 150,000 0.2
Solution
Required - (i): For Bond:
Here,
FV = 1,000 I = (1,000 × 11%) = 110 P1 = 1,050 P0 = 950
𝐼/𝐷/𝐶𝐹 + (𝑃1 − 𝑃0 )
Calculation of total return: TR = × 100
𝑃0
110 + (1,050 − 950)
= × 100
950
110 + 100
= × 100
950
210
= × 100
950
= 22.11% Ans.
𝐼 + 𝑃1 110 + 1,050 1,160
Calculation of Return Relative: RR = = = = 1.221 Ans.
𝑃0 950 950
Required - (ii): For Stock:
Here,
P1 = 28 P0 = 32 D=3
𝐷 + (𝑃1 − 𝑃0 )
Calculation of total return: TR = × 100
𝑃0
3 + (28 − 32)
= × 100
32
3−4
= × 100
32
−1
= × 100
32
= – 3.125% Ans.
𝐷 + 𝑃1 3 + 28 31
Calculation of Return Relative : RR = = = = 0.969 Ans.
𝑃0 32 32
Required - (iii): For Warrant:
Here,
P1 = 280 P0 = 220 C = 10
𝐶𝑓 + (𝑃1 − 𝑃0 )
TR (Warrant) = × 100
𝑃0
10 + (280 − 220)
= × 100
220
10 + 60
= × 100
220
70
= × 100
220
= 31.82% Ans.
𝐶 + 𝑃1 10 + 280 290
Calculation of Return Relative : RR = = = = 1.32 Ans.
𝑃0 220 220
Problem – 16
Rathkhula Auto company has following dividend per share (D1) and market price per share (Po) for the period 2000 – 2005:
Year D1 (Tk.) Po (Tk.)
2000 2 30
2001 2 20
2002 2 30
2003 2.5 60
2004 2.5 100
2005 3 150
Calculate the annual rates of returns of Rathkhula Auto company's share for last five years. How risky is the shares?
Solution:
We know,
D1 + (P1 − Po )
Probable Return, P (R) = × 100
Po
Calculation of Return per year
𝐃𝟏 + (𝐏𝟏 − 𝐏𝐨 )
Year P1 (Tk.) Po (Tk.) (P1 – Po) D1 D1 + (P1 – Po) Return, P (R) = × 100
𝐏𝐨
−8
2001 20 30 – 10 2 –8 × 100 = – 26.67%
30
12
2002 30 20 10 2 12 × 100 = 60%
20
32.5
2003 60 30 30 2.5 32.5 × 100 = 108.33%
30
42.5
2004 100 60 40 2.5 42.5 × 100 = 70.83%
60
53
2005 150 100 50 3 53 × 100 = 53%
100
.ᱸ. Average Return,
– 2 6.67 + 60 + 108.33 + 70.83 + 53
E (R) =
5
265.49
= = 53.10%.
5
Now, Standard deviation,
2
∑(Ri − E(R))
σ =√
N−1
(− 26.67 − 53.10)2 + (60 − 53.10)2 + (108.33 − 53.10)2 + (70.83 − 53.10)2 + (53 − 53.10)2
=√
5−1
6,363 %+ 47.61 + 3,050 + 314 + 0.01
= √
4
9775%
=√
4
= √2444
= 49.43%
Comment: Since the value of standard deviation is high. It means that the share of Rathkhula Auto company is very
risky.
Solution:
Calculation of Total Return (TR):
3.40 + (34 − 30)
TRA = × 100
30
3.40 + 4
= × 100 = 24.67%
30
4.70 + (69 − 72)
TRB = × 100
72
4.70 − 3
= × 100 = 2.36%
72
4.80 + (146 − 140)
TRC = × 100
140
4.80 + 6
= × 100 = 7.71%
140
Calculation of Return Relatives (TR):
3.40 + 34 4.70 + 69 4.80 + 146
RRA = = 1.25 RRB = = 1.02 RRC = = 1.08
30 72 140
Solution:
We know that,
Dt + (PE − PB )
TR = × 100
PB
Now,
25 + (250 − 200)
TR (25%) = × 100
200
25 + 50
= × 100 = 37.5%
200
25 + (280 − 200)
TR (35%) = × 100
200
25 + 80
= × 100 = 52.5%
200
25 + (190 − 200) 25 − 10
TR (18%) = × 100 => × 100 => 7.5%
200 200
25 + (160 − 200) 25 − 40
TR (22%) = × 100 => × 100 => – 7.5%
200 200
So,
E(R) = [37.5 (0.25) + 52.5 (0.35) + 7.5 (0.18) – 7.5 (0.22)]%
= 27.45%
Again,
Risk,
1
σ = [(37.5 − 27.45)2 (0.25) + (52.5 − 27.45)2 (0.35) + (7.5 − 27.45)2 (0.18) + (– 7.5 − 27.45)2 (0.22)]2
1
= [585.2475]2
= 24.19%
So, the return E (R) is 27.45% and risk σ is 24.19%
CAPM = Capital Asset Pricing 0Model
Formula
1. Expected Return, E (R) :
E (R) = Rf + (Rm – Rf) 𝜷 [CAMP and 𝛽’s value will be given]
E(R) − Rf
2. Slope of SML =
β
Rm − Rf
3. Slope of CML =
σm
5. Beta, (𝛽) :
σi
i. 𝛽= × Ri,m [Correlation]
σm
COVi,m
ii. 𝛽= [Covariance]
σm
6. Weight, (Wi) :
Individual Value
i. Wi = [Unequal]
Total Value
1
ii. Wi = [Equal]
No. of Securities
Problem –20
Mr. Wahid owns a diversified portfolio security, which he estimates to have a standard deviation of 0.37. The return on
short-term T-Bills is 0.09 and he estimates the expected market return to be 0.14 and the market standard deviation to
be 0.28.
What is the expected return on the Wahid's portfolio according to CML?
Solution:
Here,
R f = Risk-free rate of return = T-bills return = 0.09 Rm = Expected market return = 0.14.
σm = Market standard deviation = 0.28 σP = Portfolio standard deviations = 0.37
According to CML,
Rm − Rf
E(R P ) = Rf + ( σm
) σP
0.14 − 0.09
= 0.09 + ( 0.28 ) 0.37
= 0.09 + 0.066
= 0.156 = 15.6%
Problem –21
An investor is seeking an efficient portfolio with a correlation of 0.7 between the portfolio and the market and a standard
deviation of 2.5%. The market standard deviation is 1.4% and the market rate of return is 16%, a rate that is double the
return on risk-free securities.
What is the required rate of return being sought by the investor?
Solution:
We know that,
E(R P ) = R f + (R m – R f ) βP
ρp.m × σp
= R f + (R m – R f )( )
σm
0.7 × 2.5
= 8 + (16 – 8) ( 1.4 )
= 8 + 8 × 1.25 = 18%
Problem –22
Data available for five stocks are as below –
Stock Beta Ri (%)
1 0.9 12
2 1.3 13
3 0.5 11
4 1.1 12.5
5 1.0 12
Assume that, the expected return for the market is 12% and the expected risk-free rate is 8%.
a) Calculate the expected return for each stock.
b) With these expected returns and betas, think of a line connecting them - what is this line?
c) Assume that an investor, using fundamental analysis, develops the estimates labeled Ri for these stocks. Determine
which are undervalued and which are overvalued.
d) What is the market's risk premium?
Solution:
(a) Given, R f = 8% and R m = 12%
So, R m – R f = 12% – 8% = 4%
We know that,
E(R) = R f + β (R m – R f ) [According to CAPM]
Now, E(R1) = 8% + 0.9 (4%)
= 11.6%
E(R2) = 8% + 1.3 (4%)
= 13.2%
E(R3) = 8% + 0.5 (4%)
= 10%
E(R4) = 8% + 1.1 (4%)
= 12.4%
E(R5) = 8% + 1.0 (4%)
= 12%
(b) The line connecting these expected returns and betas combination is called Security Market Line (SML).
(c)
Stock E(R) (%) Ri (%) Relationship bet n E(R) & Ri Remarks
1 11.6 12 E(R) < Ri Undervalued
2 13.2 13 E(R) > Ri Overvalued
3 10 11 E(R) < Ri Undervalued
4 12.4 12.5 E(R) < Ri Undervalued
5 12 12 E(R) = Ri No Remarks
(d) Market's Risk Premium = Rm – Rf
= 12% – 8% = 4%
Solution
For Company A:
Here,
E(R) = 0.135 βA = 10
Problem – 24
Security ABC has a β of 0.7 and security KRS has a β of 13. The expected rates of return are 10% and 14%, respectively.
Find the risk-free rate of return?
Solation
We know that,
Change in Return
Risk Premium = Change in Risk
𝐸(𝑅 ) − 𝐸(𝑅 )
RM – RF = 𝛽𝐾𝑅𝑆 − 𝛽 𝐴𝐵𝐶
𝐾𝑅𝑆 𝐴𝐵𝐶
14 − 10
=
1.3 − 0.7
4
= = 6.667%
0.60
By using Data of Security ABC :
E(RABC) = RF + (RM – RF) βABC Here,
10 = RF + (6.667) 0.7 E(RABC) = 10
10 = RF + 4.6669 RF = ?
10 – 4.6669 = RF (RM – RF) = 6.667%
RF = 5.3331% βABC = 0.7
Thus, Risk Free Rate = 5.333% (Approx.)
Solution
COVxy
rxv = σx σy
Here,
10
= 3.4641016 ×2.8284271 COVxy = 10
10
= 9.7979588
Variance of X = σ2x = 12
= 1.0206207 .ᱸ. σx = √12 = 3.4641016
= 1.021 Variance of Y = σ2y = 8
.ᱸ. σY = √8 = 2.8284271
rxy = Correlation Co-efficient = ?
Thus, correlation between stock X and Y is 1.021.
Solution
E(Rm ) − RF
Slope of CML = σm
Here,
15− .09
= .02
E (Rm) = 15% = 0.15
.06
= σm = 20% = 0.20
.20
= 0.30 RF = 9% = .09
Part – C
Problem – 26
The expected return for the market is 12 percent, with a standard deviation of 21 percent. The expected risk free rate is 8
percent. Information is available for five mutual funds, all assumed to be efficient, as follows:
Mutual Funds Standard Deviation (%)
Affiliated 14
Omega 16
Ivy 21
Value line fund 25
New Horizons 30
(a) Calculate the slope of the CML
(b) Calculate the expected return for each portfolio
(c) Rank the portfolios in increasing order of expected return.
(d) Do any of the portfolios have the same expected return as the market? Why?
Solution
Req. (a): Slope of the CML (Capital Market Line) :
E(RM )− RF
Slope of CML = Here,
σm
12 − 8
= 21
E (RM) = Expected Return for the market = 12%
4
= 21
RF = Risk free Rate = 8%
= 0.19047 = 0.1905 σm = Standard deviation of the market return = 21%
Req. (b): Expected return for each portfolio:
Mutual Funds Expected Return:
E(Rm ) − RF
E P = RF + [ σm
]× σP
Here, RF = 8%
E(Rm ) − RF
[ σm
]= 0.1905 [Calculated in Req. (a)]
Affiliated E (RP) = 8 + (0.1905) 14
σP = Standard Deviation = 14% = 8 + 2.667 = 10.667%
Omega (σP = 16%) E (RP) = 8 + (0.1905) 16
= 8 + 3.048 = 11.048%
Ivy [σP = 21%] E (RP) = 8 + (0.1905) 21
= 8 + 4.0005 = 12% (Approx.)
Value line fund [σP = 25%] E (RP) = 8 + (0.1905) 25
= 8 + 4.7625 = 12.7625%
New Horizons [σP = 30%] E (RP) = 8 + (0.1905) 30
= 8 + 5.715 = 13.715%
Req. (c): Rank on the basis of Expected Returns (In Ascending Order)
Portfolios E (R) Rank
Affiliated 10.667% 5
Omega 11.048% 4
Ivy 12% 3
Value line 12.7625% 2
New Horizons 13.715% 1
Req. (d) : 'IVY' has the same expected return as the market, because it's standard deviation is also same as the market
standard deviation (σm) [i.e., σIVY = σm = 21%]
Solution
Req. (i): The slope of Capital-market line (CML)
E(RM )− RF
Slope of CML = σm
Here,
16 − 10
= 25
E (RM) = Expected Return for the market = 16%
6
= 25
RF = Risk free Rate = 10%
= 0.24 σm = Standard deviation of the market return = 25%
Reg. (ii): Expected return for each portfolio:
Mutual Funds Expected Return:
E(Rm ) − RF
E P = RF + [ σm
]× σP
Here, RF = 10%
E(Rm ) − RF
[ σm
]= 0.24 [Calculated in Req. (i)]
DBH (σP = 16%) E (RP) = 10 + (0.24) × 16
= 10 + 3.84 = 13.84%
ICB [σP = 18%] E (RP) = 10 + (0.24) × 18
= 10 + 4.32 = 14.32%
Grameen [σP = 10%] E (RP) = 10 + (0.24) × 10
= 10 + 2.40 = 12.40%
Solution
Req. (i): Slope of CML:
E(RM )− RF
Slope of CML = σm
Here,
14 − 5
= 22
E (RM) = Expected Return for the market = 14%
9
= 22
RF = Risk free Rate = 5%
= 0.4091 σm = Standard deviation of the market return = 22%
Reg. (ii): Expected return for each portfolio:
Mutual Funds Expected Return:
E(Rm ) − RF
E P = RF + [ σm
]× σP
Here, RF = 5%
E(Rm ) − RF
[ σm
]= 0.4091 [Calculated in Req. (i)]
Agroni (σP = 15%) E (RP) = 5 + (0.4091) × 15
= 5 + 6.1365 = 11.1365%
Brac [σP = 17%] E (RP) = 5 + (0.4091) × 17
= 5 + 6.9547 = 11.9547%
City [σP = 12%] E (RP) = 5 + (0.4091) × 12
= 10 + 4.9092 = 9.9092%
Solution
Req. (a) Beta of Sunshine Ltd. (βS )
We know that, Here, σS = 10%
σ
βS = σ S × rsm σm = 8%
m
.10
= × .7 rsm) = 0.7
.08
= 0.875 βS = ?
Solution
Req. (i) Calculation of Bela of Security X (βX )
We know that, Here, σX = .25
σ 2
βX = σ x × rxm 𝜎𝑚 = .01 .ᱸ. σm = √. 01 = 0.10
m
.25
= .10 × .50 rsm = 0.50
= 1.25 βX = ?
(ii) Calculation of βY :
Here, σy = .30
σ
βY = Y × rym σm = 0.10
σm
.03
= .025 × .9 rym = 0.30
= 1.08 βy = ?
Req. (ii) Portfolio Beta (βP ) :
βP = βX WX + βY WY Here, βX = 1.25 [From Req. (i)]
= 1.25(.50) + 0.90(50) βy = 0.90 [From Req. (ii)]
= 0.625 + 0.45 Weight = Equally weighted
= 1.075 WX = 0.50
WY = 0.50
Solution
Portfolio Expected return. E(R) =Rf + B (Rm – Rf) Average Return Actual Return Remarks
A E(R) = 12% + 1.35 (16% – 12%)
= 12% + (1.35 × 4%) 18% 17.40% undervalued
= 12% + 5.40%
= 17.40%
B E(R) = 12% + .85 (16% – 12%)
= 12% + (.85 × 4%) 15% 15.40% Overvalued
= 12% + 3.40%
= 15.40%
C E(R) = 12% +1.20 (16% – 12%)
= 12% + (1.20 × 4%) 16% 16.80% Overvalued
= 12% + 4.80%
= 16.80%
D E(R) = 12% +1.75 (16% – 12%)
= 12% + (1.75 × 4%) 20% 19% undervalued
= 12% + 7%
= 19%