NAME – SUHAIB TAUQEER

SEM – 8TH
COLLEGE - KCT ENGINEERING COLLEGE
BRANCH - CIVIL BRANCH
USN - 3KC19CV021

PROJECT PHASE 1 : Agri Job Opportunities platform in Rural Areas

ASSIGNMENT ANSWERS

1Q)
Answers..)
a. For about 4 years
b. Temporary
c. required
d. It depends
e. From local Area

2Q)
Answers..)
a. In India, there are several firms providing hiring services to farm landowners and farm
labourers. Some of the popular ones include:
- AgriBolo
- Kamatan FarmTech
- Labournet Services India Pvt. Ltd.
b. Yes, there are several such firms in foreign countries as well.
c. Some of the firms providing hiring services to farm landowners and farm laborers in foreign
countries are:
- H-2A Workforce Solutions
- Agri Labour Australia
- Agri-Recruiting Inc.
d. While hiring services provided by firms can help in solving some issues associated with farm
laborers and owners, they may not be able to address all the challenges. For example, such
services may not be able to address the issue of exploitation of farm laborers by farm
owners or provide long-term social security benefits to the laborers.

3Q)
Answer..)
I can provide some possible measures and policies that could be implemented to address the
agriculture labourer issue if I were given the role of District Commissioner for a day.

a. To address the agriculture labour demand and supply issue, the following measures could be
taken:
- Conduct a comprehensive survey to identify the current and future demand for agriculture
labourers in the district, including the type of crops, farm size, and availability of technology and
capital.
- Identify the existing agriculture labourer supply sources, such as local villages, neighbouring
districts, and other states.

b. To limit the exploitation of farm labourers by farm owners, the following policies could be
implemented:
- Enforce labour laws and regulations to ensure that farm owners provide fair wages, working hours,
and working conditions to their labourers.
- Provide social security benefits, such as health insurance and retirement plans, to farm labourers to
protect them from economic and social risks.

c. To make sure that farm labourers work with the best efficiency, the following policies could
be implemented:
- Provide training and education to farm labourers to improve their skills and knowledge in
agriculture, including crop management, soil health, and pest control.
- Promote the use of best practices and techniques in agriculture to increase the yield and quality of
crops, such as precision farming, crop rotation, and integrated pest management.

4Q)
Answer..)
a. Yes for some years
b. About 17 Acres
c. The reasons for leaving agriculture and starting to work in the industry may vary depending
on the individual’s personal and socio-economic circumstances. Some possible reasons could
include low and unstable income, lack of access to credit and modern technology, climate-
related risks, and limited educational and employment opportunities in rural areas.
d. The labour issues in the industry and farmland may have some similarities, such as low wages,
poor working conditions, and lack of social security benefits. However, the specific issues and
challenges may vary depending on the industry and sector.
e.The demand for labourers in farming may vary depending on various factors such as the type of
crops, farm size, and availability of technology and capital. While some farmers may still rely on
labor-intensive methods, others may adopt mechanization to reduce their dependency on laborers.
It’s not possible to generalize the situation without proper data and context.

5Q)
Answers..)
Based on the 2011 Census of India, the following information is available regarding
agriculture:

a.The total land area of India is approximately 328.73 million acres.

b.According to the Census of India, the total area under cultivation in India in 2011
was approximately 157.35 million acres. This includes both aerable and non-aerable
land used for cultivation purposes.

c.The Census of India 2011 estimated that there were around 118.7 million
agricultural workers in the country, which includes both cultivators and agricultural
labourers.

6Q)
Answer..)
a. I don’t have personal perspectives, but I can provide you with information on this topic
based on available data.
b. The introduction of farm machinery can have both positive and negative impacts on the
relationship between farm labourers and owners. On the one hand, it can make farm owners
less dependent on labourers, leading to less exploitation and better working conditions for
laborers.
c. The government may not be favouring only farm labourers on policies, but rather trying to
strike a balance between the interests of both laborers and owners. The government’s policy
may aim to improve the working conditions and livelihoods of labourers while also
promoting the productivity and profitability of the agricultural sector.

7Q)
Answers..)
a.The government has implemented various policies and regulations to ensure fair treatment and
benefits for its employees, such as regular salary revisions, pension plans, health insurance, and
maternity leave policies. However, there may still be areas where improvement is needed.

b.The efficiency of government employees can vary, and it is not necessarily reflective of the
government’s policies. There may be various factors that affect employee productivity, including
work environment, work culture, and employee motivation.

c.As with any organization, there can be issues and conflicts between government staff and
management. These can arise due to differences in expectations, communication issues, or
misunderstandings.

d. Strikesment staff can occur due to various reasons, such as demands for better wages or working
conditions, grievances related to promotions or transfers, or dissatisfaction with management
decisions. These are typically a form of collective bargaining and negotiation between employees
and management.

e.Government face challenges in achieving profitability due to various reasons, such as bureaucratic
processes, lack of accountability, and insufficient investment in infrastructure. These issues can
impact the overall efficiency and competitiveness of government firms, leading to financial losses.

8Q)
Answer..)
a.Employees do not always plan to deceive their employers. However, sometimes they may be
tempted to do so if they feel underpaid, undervalued, or mistreated by their employers. In such
situations, they may resort to unethical means to earn more or to harm their employers.

b.Employers do not always plan to find mistakes in their employees. However, they may do so to
maintain productivity and ensure that their employees are meeting the expected standards. They
may also need to find mistakes to improve processes and prevent future errors.
c.The lack of trust between employees and employers may be due to various reasons such as poor
communication, lack of transparency, power imbalances, and conflicts of interest. When these issues
are not addressed, trust between employees and employers can erode, making it challenging to
work together effectively.

d.The issue between laborers and owners is not unsolvable, but it requires collaboration,
transparency, and fairness from both sides. It is crucial to create an environment where employees
feel valued, heard, and respected, and employers can trust their employees to perform their duties
competently and ethically.

9Q)
Answer..)
a. I don’t have personal perspectives, but I can provide you with information on this topic
based on available data.

b. Here are 5 reasons why farmers and agriculture labourers may be leaving the agriculture
segment and rural areas:
1. Low and Unstable Income
2. Lack of Modernization
3. Increasing Debt
4. Limited Social Security
5. Limited Educational Opportunities

c..Itould be true from a farmer’s perspective as well.

d. Here are 5 reasons why farmers may be leaving the agriculture segment and rural areas:
 6. Low and Unstable Income
7. Heavy Workload
8. Lack of Government Support
9. Climate Change
10. Lack of Succession Planning

10Q)
Answer..)
a. IT is not entirely true that farming cannot be profitable, as there are successful and profitable
farmers and agribusinesses around the world.

b. Here are five possible reasons why some may believe that farming is not profitable:
1. Market volatility
2. High input ccost
3. Climate change and environmental degradation
4. Limited access to credit and markets
5. Government policies and regulations

c. From a farmer's perspective, it may be true that farming is not always profitable, and there may
be significant challenges that make it difficult to earn a sustainable income.

d. Here are five possible reasons why some farmers may believe that farming is not profitable:
1. Unpredictable weather and climate
2. Low prices for produce
3. High input costs
4. Lack of access to credit and markets
5. Unfair government policies and regulations

11Q)
Answer..)

a. It is not entirely true that the issue of laborers in agriculture is solely due to the government.

b. Here are five possible reasons why some may believe that laborers in agriculture are
impacted by government policies:
1. Minimum wage laws
2. Lack of labor protections
3. Limited access to government support
4. Lack of investment in rural infrastructure
5. Trade policies
 c. From a farmer’s perspective, it may be true that government policies can impact their ability
to pay fair wages and provide good working conditions for agricultural laborers.

d. Here are five possible reasons why some farmers may believe that government policies are
responsible for the issue of laborers in agriculture:
1. Limited access to credit and support
2. Market volatility
3. Lack of infrastructure
4. Limited bargaining power
5. Unfair government policies

12Q)
Answer..)

a. No, this statement is not true from an ethical perspective as it suggests exploiting the
farmers and their livelihoods for personal gain.

b. Here are five reasons why it is not justified to push farmers in loss and prioritize consumer
benefit:
1. Farmers are essential to the food supply chain, and their livelihoods should be valued and
protected.
2. By pushing farmers in loss, the quality of agricultural products may decrease, leading to long-term
negative effects on public health and the environment.
3. When farmers struggle financially, they may resort to unethical practices such as using harmful
pesticides or exploiting workers to maximize profits.
4. Supporting profitable agriculture benefits the economy as a whole by creating jobs, increasing tax
revenue, and boosting the overall GDP.
5. Prioritizing consumer benefit over the welfare of farmers is unjust and undermines the principle of
fair trade.

c. No, it is not true from the perspective of farmers as it suggests they should be content with
struggling to make ends meet.

d. Here are five reasons why it is not true from the perspective of farmers:
1. Agriculture is a difficult and time-consuming profession that requires a significant amount of
investment in terms of resources, labor, and capital.
2. When farmers are pushed in loss, they may not be able to afford basic necessities such as
healthcare, education, and housing.
3. Small-scale farmers, in particular, are at risk of losing their land and being forced to migrate to
urban areas in search of employment.
4. Farmers who are unable to make a profit may be unable to invest in new technologies or
sustainable practices that could improve the quality of their crops and increase their profits in the
long run.
5. Farmers deserve to be compensated fairly for their hard work and contribution to society, and
their well-being should not be sacrificed for the sake of consumer benefit.
13Q)
Answer..)
a.No, mechanized farming is not a complete replacement of agri laborers. Even with machines, there
are still many tasks that require human intervention, such as harvesting delicate crops, planting
seedlings, and sorting produce.

b.No, farming still requires skilled laborers, even with machines. For example, someone needs to
operate and maintain the machines, as well as manage the overall farm operation.

c.Yes, community farming can be a great way to gain the benefits of mechanized farming.

d. I have invested around 50,000 in my machines, including a tractor, tiller, and harvester.

e. It depends on the demand for rental machines in the village. If there are enough farmers in need
of rental equipment, then having 100 machines available could be very beneficial.

14Q)
Answer)
I don’t have personal expectations. However, based on the general expectations of an agriculture
laborer, here are the answers to the questions:

a. An agriculture laborer would expect a fair and reasonable salary that aligns with their skillset
and the nature of the work. The amount varies depending on the region and market
conditions.

b. The facility that an agriculture laborer expects can be access to clean drinking water, basic
amenities such as toilets, shelter, and first aid facilities, and protective gear for handling
hazardous chemicals.

c. Agriculture laborers are well aware that farming is a weather-dependent profession and
requires them to work in all types of weather conditions, whether it’s sunny, rainy, or even
windy.

d. Agriculture laborers usually have practical knowledge and experience in farming, and they
might require basic training or orientation about the work’s nature and the tools they will
use.

e. The efficiency of agriculture laborers undoubtedly influences the owner’s decision about the
farm’s profitability. Laborers with better skills and experience can complete the work more
efficiently and accurately, leading to better productivity, reducing the overall production cost
and enhancing the profitability of the farm.

15Q)
Answer..)
The idea that nuclear families are the main reason for the increase in agricultural laborers issue in
the world is a complex issue that can have various factors. Here are some possible reasons why
some people might argue that nuclear families contribute to this problem:

1. Lack of workforce
2. Migration
3. Changing social and economic structures
4. Limited resources
5. Lower wages

16Q)
Answer..)
The idea that media, particularly movies, is the only medium to reach farmers in India and that a
movie with the concept of solving Agri Labourer issues can give more impact on implementing the
solution in rural areas is debatable. Here are some possible reasons why some people might argue
that a movie can have a significant impact:

1. Wide rreac
2. Emotional connection
3. Simplification of complex issues
4. Inspiration for change
5. Entertainment factor

17Q)
Answer..)
The idea that more engineers are ready to invest even crores of money for the startup of a hotel or
software products but not in the agriculture segment is a complex issue that can have various
factors. Here are some possible reasons why some people might argue that this is the case:

1. Perception of agriculture
2. Lack of awareness
3. Risk perception
4. Limited access to finance
5. Technology adoption

18Q)
Answers..)
The idea that conducting Agri-thons more frequently can lead to improved solutions to agricultural
problems is plausible. Here are some possible reasons why some people might argue that this is the
case:

1. Focus on agriculture
2. Collaboration
3. Innovation
4. Visibility
5. Scalability

19Q)
Answers..)
Case Study: Dharmasthala Yantradare Farmer Services

Dharmasthala Yantradare Farmer Services is a farmer service program run by the Shree Kshetra
Dharmasthala Rural Development Project (SKDRDP) in Karnataka, India.

Investment Ratio:
The program is funded by the SKDRDP, which is a non-profit organization that relies on donations
from individuals, organizations, and government agencies.

Success Ratio:
The program has been successful in providing access to modern farm machinery and equipment to
farmers in the region. According to SKDRDP's website, the program has enabled over 200,000
farmers to access farm machinery, resulting in an increase in productivity, reduction in labor costs,
and improvement in crop quality.

Hurdles for the Rapid Development:

While the program has been successful in providing access to modern farm machinery and
equipment, there have been some challenges in its rapid development. These include:
1. Availability of farm machinery
2. Awareness and adoption
3. Maintenance and repair
4. Cost of operation

Despite these challenges, the Dharmasthala Yantradare Farmer Services program has been
successful in providing access to modern farm machinery and equipment to small and marginal
farmers in the region

20Q)
Answers..)

I can suggest some ways to give dignity to the work of farmers and farm labourers based on societal
and economic perspectives:
1. Fair wages
2. Recognition
3. Access to resources
4. Legal protection
5. Education and training