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Raising a new Generation of Leaders

MAT121
DIFFERENTIATION (Note III)

Dr. S.O. Edeki

 Differentiation: Trigonometric Functions

. Here, the basic elementary trigonometric

functions will be considered; thereafter,
their extensions in other forms/versions.
These are: sin x, cos x, and tan x.

S.O. Edeki
2
 Note the following rules for trig derivatives:
. (a) If y  sin x, then
dy
 cos x,
dx
dy
(b) If y  cos x, then   sin x,
dx
dy
(c) If y  tan x, then  sec x.
2

dx
S.O. Edeki
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 Differentiation: Trig Functions

.
The above rules for trig. differentiation hold
provided the 'argument' is monomial with power
one (1) and coefficient one (1), otherwise we
will manipulate for simplification.

S.O. Edeki
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 Ex T1: Differentiation: Trig Functions

dy
. Find given the following functions:
dx
(a) y  2 x  x  sin x (b) y  sin x  3cos x
2

(c) y  sin 1  2 x  (d) y  sin 2 x (e) y  x sin 2 x

2

(f) y  x cos 4 x (g) y  3 x  2 tan x.

3

S.O. Edeki
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 Hint: Differentiating Trig Functions

.
For any constant k is a constant, we have:
(a) y  k sin  f ( x)   y  kf ( x) cos  f ( x) 
(b) y  k cos  f ( x)   y  kf ( x) sin  f ( x) 
(c) y  k tan  f ( x)   y  kf ( x) sec 2
 f ( x) 
S.O. Edeki
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 Ex T2: Differentiation: Trig Functions

dy
. Find given the following functions:
dx
(a) y  sin 5 x (b) y  sin x cos 4 x
(c) y  sin 1  x  (d) y  sin 2 x
(e) y  x sin 2 x
2
(f) y  2 tan 8 x.

S.O. Edeki
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 Differentiation: Reciprocal of Trig Functions

.
Here, the basic elementary reciprocal of
trigonometric functions will be considered.
These are: cosecx, secx, and cotx.

S.O. Edeki
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 Differentiation: Reciprocal of Trig Functions, cont’d
dy
. Find given the following functions:
dx
(a) y  cosecx (b) y  secx (c) y  cotx

(c) y  cosec2x (d) y  sec  x  sin x 

S.O. Edeki
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 Class quiz

. What is the connection between the sets

H,o,p,i,t,a,l & H,o,s,p,i,t,a,l ?
Ans: H,o,p,i,t,a,l  H,o,s,p,i,t,a,l
That is:
H,o,p,i,t,a,l is a subset of H,o,s,p,i,t,a,l
S.O. Edeki
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 L’ Hopital’s Rules for finding limiting values

. f  x f a 0
If h  x  and h  a   
g  x g a 0

 f  x   f  x   f   x  
lim    lim    lim   
xa g  x   x a  g   x   x  a  g   x  
     
"Differentiate until the result is determinate"
S.O. Edeki
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 L’ Hopital’s Rules for finding limiting values

Evaluate the following:

.

 x  2x  x  2 
3 2
(a) lim  
 x x2 
x2 2

 sin x 
(b) lim  
x 0
 x 
S.O. Edeki
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 Differentiation: Exponential Functions
Note:
.

x
Suppose y  ke , where k is a constant, then:
dy x
y   ke
dx

S.O. Edeki
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 Differentiation: Exponential Functions , cont’d

. The above rule for differentiation of

Exponential function holds provided the
'argument' is monomial with power one (1)
and coefficient one (1), otherwise we will
manipulate for simplification.

S.O. Edeki
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 Ex_E1: Differentiation: Exponential Functions
dy
. Find given the following functions:
dx
(a) y  e x (b) y  sin x  e x

(c) y  e  x (d) y  e 2 x

(e) y  e cos 2 x x
(f) y  x e .
3

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 A note on the derivative of exponential functions
Remark:
. Let f  x  be a function of x and k a constant
f  x
Then, y  ke , implies that:
dy
y 
dx
f  x
 kf   x  e

S.O. Edeki
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 Ex_E2: Differentiation: Exponential Functions

Find y  given the following functions:

.
(a) y  e x 2
(b) y  e 2 x  4

(c) y  e  x (d) y  e 2 x  sin x

(e) y  e cos 2 x (f) y   3x  1 e

2 2 x  sin x .

S.O. Edeki
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 Differentiation: Logarithmic Functions

. dy 1
If y  log x, then =
dx x
Note: same rule holds for:
y  ln x or y log e  x 
S.O. Edeki
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 Differentiation: Logarithmic Functions, cont’d

. The above rule for differentiating

logarithmic functions holds provided the
'argument' is monomial with power one (1)
and coefficient one (1), otherwise we will
manipulate for simplification.

S.O. Edeki
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 Ex_L1: Differentiation: Logarithmic Functions
Find y given the following functions:
.

(a) y  2 log x (b) y  sin x  log x

(c) y  log 3 x (d) y  log  x  cos x 
(e) y  log  x  4 x  3 tan  x   e
8 6 2 x 1

S.O. Edeki
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 A note on the derivative of Logarithmic Functions

. Remark:
Let f  x  be a function of x, then,
y  log  f  x   , implies that:
f  x
y 
f  x

S.O. Edeki
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