Chemistry

HS/Science
Unit: 09 Lesson: 01

More Practice with Gas Laws KEY

Directions: For each question, identify the applicable law and solve for the correct answer using
dimensional analysis. Express your answer to the correct number of significant figures. Use scientific
notation where appropriate. Record all work in your science notebooks.

I. Gas Law Problems

1. A sample of hydrogen gas occupies a volume of 1.8 L at 0.80 atm. What would its
volume be at 1.0 atm?

Boyle’s Law P1V1 = P2V2

P1 = 0.80 atm V1 = 1.8 L

P2 = 1.0 atm V2 = ??

(.8 atm)(1.8 L) = (1.0 atm)(V2)

1.44 atm x L = 1 atm V2

V2 = 1.4 L

2. A balloon full of helium has a volume of 1.75 L at a temperature of 28 oC. What would the
balloon's volume be at 50oC?

Charles’ Law

V1 = V2
T1 T2

V1 = 1.75 L T1 = 301 K
V2 = ?? T2 = 323K

V2 = 1.9 L

3. If you have 5.00 mol of fluorine gas at 273 K and 1.00 atm of pressure, what will be the
volume of the gas?

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

(1.00 atm)(V) = 5.00 mol (.0821 L x atm/mol x K)(273 K)

V = 112 L = 1.12 x 102 L

©2012, TESCCC 05/10/13
 Chemistry
HS/Science
Unit: 09 Lesson: 01

4. How many moles of nitrogen are present in a 2.0 liter container at 27°C and 1.0 atm?
n = .081 moles
Ideal Gas Law
5. A 375 mL sample of air at
PV = nRT STP is heated at constant volume
until its pressure increases to
(1.0 atm)(2.0 L) = n (.0821 L x atm/mol x K)(300 K)
890 mm Hg. What would be the
new temperature of the sample?

Combined Gas Law

P1V1 = P2V2

T1 T2

P1 = 760 mm Hg V1 = 375 mL T1 = 273 K

P2 = 890 mm Hg V2= 375 mL T2 = ?? = 320 K

6. A 1.5 L balloon is filled with helium at 1.1 atm. If the balloon is squeezed into a 0.500 L
box and doesn’t burst, what would be the pressure of the helium?

Boyles’ Law

P1V1 = P 2V2

P1 = 1.1 atm V1 = 1.5 L

P2 = ?? V2 = 0.500 L

3.3 atm = P2

©2012, TESCCC 05/10/13

 Chemistry
HS/Science
Unit: 09 Lesson: 01
7. A balloon is filled with 4.0L of helium at 310 K and 1.0 atm. The balloon is placed in an
oven where the temperature reaches 345 K and the pressure is maintained. What would be
the new volume of the balloon?

Charles’ Law

V1 = V 2

T1 T2

V1 = 4.0 L T1 = 310 K

V2 = ?? T2 = 345 K

V2 = 4.5 L

8. The volume of a scuba tank is 10.0 L. It contains a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen at
29.0 atm. What volume of this mixture could the tank supply to a diver at 2.6 atm?

Boyles’ Law

P1V1 = P 2V2

P1 = 29.0 atm V1 = 10.0 L

P2 = 2.6 atm V2 = ??

V2 = 110 L = 1.1 x 102 L

9. A welding torch requires 4500 L of acetylene gas at 2 atm. If the acetylene is supplied
by a 125 L tank, what is the pressure of the acetylene in the tank?

Boyle’s Law

P1V1 = P2V2

P1 = 2 atm V1 = 4,500 L

P2 = ??? V2 = 125 L P2= 72 atm

©2012, TESCCC 05/10/13

 Chemistry
HS/Science
Unit: 09 Lesson: 01
10. Convert 3.50 atm of pressure to the following units:

a. 3.50 atm x 760 mm Hg/1 atm = 2660 mm Hg

b. 3.50 atm x 101.3 kPa/1 atm = 355 kPa

c. 3.50 atm x 760 mm Hg/1 atm x 14.7 psi/760 mm Hg = 51.5 psi

d. Bonus: 2660 mm Hg x 1 in/25.4 mm = 105 in Hg

11. The volume of a sample of nitrogen is 88 mL at 25°C and 1.0 atm. What is its volume in
L at STP?

Charles’ Law

V1 = V2

T1 T2

V1 = 88 mL T1 = 298 K

V2 = ??? T2 = 273 K

81 mL = V2 = 0.081 L

12. Suppose you have a 1 L sample of neon gas and a 1 L sample of nitrogen gas. Each
sample is at STP.

a. How do the number of gas particles in each sample compare?

Avogadro’s principle states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature
and pressure contain equal numbers of particles, so the 1 L samples contain equal
numbers of gas particles.
b. How do the masses of the samples compare?
The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 28.0 atomic mass units and the mass of a neon
atom is 20.2 atomic mass units, so the nitrogen sample has a greater mass than the
helium sample.

©2012, TESCCC 05/10/13

 Chemistry
HS/Science
Unit: 09 Lesson: 01
13. On a cold winter day when the temperature is -2°C, you notice the tires on your bicycle
appear to be low. You use the pressure gauge to measure the air pressure and the gauge
reads 54 psi. The next afternoon, the temperature has warmed up to 13°C. If you measure the
pressure in your tires again, what would you expect the reading on the pressure gauge to be?
(Assume the volume of the air in the tires is constant and there are no holes in the tires.)

Combined Law (with constant volume)

P1= 54 psi T1 = 271 K

P2 = ? T2 = 286 K

P1 = P2
T 1 T2
P2 = 57 psi

14. Calculate the mass of 400 mL of CO2 collected over water at 30°C and 749 mm Hg. The
vapor pressure of water at 30oC is 31.8 mm Hg.

Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure and Ideal Gas Law

Ptotal = PCO2 + Pwater = 749 mm Hg R = 62.4 L x mm Hg/mol x K

PCO2 = 749 mm Hg – 31.8 mm Hg = 717 mm Hg

V = 400 mL = 0.400 L
T = 30°C = 303 K

PV = nRT
n = PV/RT

n= 717 mm Hg x 0.400 L_____

62.4 L x mm Hg/mol x K x 303 K

n = 0.0152 mol CO2

g CO2 = 0.0152 mol CO2 x 44.01 g CO2 = 0.669 g CO2

1 mol CO2
II. Applying Chemistry

Answer with complete sentences using gas law concepts to describe.

1. Use the kinetic molecular theory to explain why pressurized cans include the message,
“Do Not Incinerate.”

Heating increases the temperature (average kinetic energy) of gas particles and
therefore, the pressure. If the can is heated, the pressure of the gas may exceed the
strength of the can and it could explode.

©2012, TESCCC 05/10/13

 Chemistry
HS/Science
Unit: 09 Lesson: 01
2. What are the three factors that affect gas pressure?

Three factors that affect gas pressure are temperature, volume, and number of particles
(moles).

3. Why does an air mattress support the weight of a person sleeping on it?

An air mattress supports the person sleeping on it because the volume is decreased
when a person lies on it. As long as it doesn’t leak, as the volume decreases, the
pressure increases. This increased pressure supports the added weight of the
individual.

4. How does an increase in atmospheric pressure affect the boiling point of water? Why?

Water boils when its vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure. Therefore, an
increase in the atmospheric pressure increases the boiling point of water.

©2012, TESCCC 05/10/13