4.basic Practice Occupational Health and Safety Procedures

COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Sector:
METALS AND ENGINEERING
Qualification:
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NC II
Unit of Competency:
PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROCEDURES
Module Title: PRACTICING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

PROCEDURES
TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
Regional Manpower Development Center
RMDC –TESDA ARMM
Barangay Rebukin Sultan Kudarat Maguindanao
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Welcome to the module in PRACTICING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND

SAFETY PROCEDURES. This module contains training materials and
activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND

SAFETY PROCEDURES" contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required
for SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING NC II.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

complete each learning outcome of the module. In. Follow these activities
on your own. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for
assistance.
The goal of this course is the development of Knowledge skills. To gain

these skills, you must learn basic concepts and terminology.
This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency, in
PRACTICING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROCEDURES.
This will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge and
skills in this particular competency independently and at your own pace,
with minimum supervision or help from your instructor.
Remember to:
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section.
Read information sheets (if available) and complete the self-check.
Suggested references are included to supplement the materials provided
in this module.
 Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager.
He/she is there to support you and show you the correct way to do
things.
 You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and practice on
the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work
shifts. This way you will improve both your speed and memory and also
your confidence.
 Use the Self-check for test your own progress.
 When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask your
Trainer to evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be recorded
in your Progress Chart and Accomplishment Chart.
You need to complete this module before you can perform the next module.
RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

TESDA BASIC COMPETENCIES
ARMM F. DE ROMA JAN. 12, 2012 96
SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING NC II
COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
List of Competencies
No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code
1. PARTICIPATE IN PARTICIPATING IN
WORKPLACE WORKPLACE 50031105
COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION
2. WORK IN TEAM WORKING IN TEAM

ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT 50031106
PRACTICE CAREER PRACTICING CAREER

3. PROFESSIONALISM PROFESSIONALISM 50031107
PRACTICE PRACTICING
4. OCCUPATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 50031108
HEALTH AND AND SAFETY
SAFETY PROCEDURES
PROCEDURES

MODULE CONTENT
UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Practice Occupational health and Safety

Procedures
MODULE TITLE : Practicing Occupational health and safety

Procedures
MODULE DESCRIPTON : This module covers the knowledge, skills

and Attitudes required complying with the
regulatory and organizational requirements for
occupational health and safety such as
Identifying, evaluating and maintaining
occupational health and safety (OHS)
awareness.
NOMINAL DURATION : 4hrs
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Upon completion of this module the students/trainees will be able to;
Identify hazards and risk, evaluate hazards and risk, Control hazards and
risk and maintain occupational health and safety awareness.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Workplace hazards and Risk are Identified and clearly explained.
2. Hazards/ Risk and its corresponding indicators are identified in

with the company procedures.
3. Contingency measures are recognized and established in

accordance with organizational procedures.
4. OHS issues and concerns are identified in accordance with

workplace requirements and relevant workplace OHS legislation.

Identify hazards and risk, evaluate hazards
and risk, Control hazards and risk and
LEARNING OUTCOME #1 maintain occupational health and safety
awareness.
Contents:
 Operational health and safety procedures, Practices and Regulations
Assessment Criteria;
1. Workplace hazards and Risk are Identified and clearly explained.
2. Hazards/ Risk and its corresponding indicators are identified in with the
company procedures.
3. Contingency measures are recognized and established in accordance

with organizational procedures.
4. OHS issues and concerns are identified in accordance with workplace

requirements and relevant workplace OHS legislation.
Conditions:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Workplace
 OHS indicators
 Learning modules
 CDs Disc
Methodologies:
 Inter active- lecture
 simulation
Assessment Methods:
 Written examination
 Interview
 Simulation analysis

Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome #1: Identify hazards and risk, evaluate hazards and
risk, Control hazards and risk and maintain
occupational health and safety awareness
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information Sheet 1.1-1 on In this Learning Outcome you

Operational health and safety shall read Information Sheet s
procedures, Practices and Regulations needed to determined training
needs and to be able to do this,
in the following:
2. Answer Self- Check 1.1-1
Compare answer with answer key 1.1-1 1. Operational health and
safety procedures, Practices
3. Task sheet 1.1-1 on Practice and and Regulations
Exercise 5S.
Go through the information
4. Performance Criteria Checklist 1.1-1 Sheets and answers the self-
check s to ensure that the
knowledge of the standards in
Competency- based training
is required
These outputs of your practice

of this Learning outcome will
be a part of your portfolio for
you Institutional Competency
Evaluation.
Show your output to your

trainer for his feedback as you
accomplished them.
After doing all activities of this

Learning Outcome, you are
ready to proceed to the next
Competency

Common Competency
INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1
Operational health and safety procedures, Practices and

Regulations
INTRODUCTION
This module required knowledge skills and attitude to comply with the
regulatory and organizational requirements for Occupational Health and Safety
such as identifying, evaluating and maintaining Occupational Health Safety
(OHS) awareness.
LEARN THE FACTS ABOUT SAFETY
IMPORTANCE OF SAFETY
Learning to do work must involve learning to work safety. The correct way
of doing any work must be safe. Any unsafe way is wrong.
The prevention of accidents in industry is not only the concern of experts.
You must learn how to work without hurting yourself or endangering your
fellow workers. Your own efforts are important in keeping your workplace safe.
CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS
An accident often has more than one cause. Accidents can be prevented
by removing their cause. Finding out caused an accident is important. It can
help in planning how to prevent similar accidents.
There are two causes of accidents

 Unsafe acts
 Unsafe conditions
The person who gets hurt does not always cause the accident. However,
accidents are caused by some person falling to act safely or to correct an
unsafe condition.
USING LADDERS

Ladders should only be used be used to gain access, or for doing simple
operations. It is best to use mobile platforms, or scaffolding for lengthy or heavy
work.
Portable ladders of wood, or aluminum, are available. Step ladders, single
and extension ladders are most frequently used. Heavy duty ladders are
required Industrial purposes.
The size of ladders relates to the length of stile – that is, the side rails or
stringers. The largest folding step ladders are 5.5 meters. Single ladders up to 9
meters are used. The largest extension ladders recommended are 15 meters
extended and 8.5 meters closed.
RULES FOR PORTABLE LADDERS

 Know the regulations that apply to ladders in your work.
 Choose the type of ladder appropriate to the task.
 Check that the ladder is in sound condition.
 Store, transport and erect the ladder carefully.
 Place the ladder in a safe working position and on a firm footing.
 Adopt correct working procedure on the ladder.
NOTE: Non-slip feet, not shown in sketches should be fitted to ladders.
SELECTING A LADDER
Self-supporting step ladders are suitable in places where there is no

support adjacent to the working point.
Select a ladder of sufficient height for you to reach the work without
standing above the third step from the top.
There must be sufficient space to use the step ladder in a fully spread
position.
Ladders that are not self- supporting are suitable where there is an
adequate support adjacent to the working or access point.
SELECT A LADDER OF SUFFICIENT LENGTH SO THAT:
 It can be used at a slope no greater than 4 in 1;

 It extends at least 1 meter above the platform to be reached; or
 You can stand at least 1 meter from the top of the ladder when in the
working position.
NOTE: If ladders to meet the above conditions cannot be obtained, then

some form of mobile platform or a scaffold must be used.
LIFTING AND CARRYING OBJECTS

Manual lifting and carrying can subject the body to great strain frequently
cause accidents.
It often results in serious and permanent back injuries if done incorrectly.
These injuries often accumulate in effect over a period of time.
To prevent injuries resulting from the lifting and carrying of objects:

 Use suitable mechanical equipment whenever possible
 Use the appropriate protective equipment.
 Learn the correct methods of lifting and carrying.
Hand and power trucks, fork lift trucks, roller, belt and overhead conveyors,
hoist, block and tackle systems, lifts and cranes are typical of the mechanical
equipment that should be used whenever possible in a modern workshop.
It is essential to wear safety shoes or boots. When lifting or carrying heavy
objects. Gloves and aprons are necessary when the material has sharp edges. In
addition to these, goggles are needed when handling hat or corrosive
substances. Suction grips, magnetic grabs or tongs should be used when lifting
sheet metal.
WARNING:
Keep well clear of any load being handled by a crane by or a hoist.
Certain States specify limitations on the load to be lifted by women and by

young persons. If they apply to you, you should get to know and observe these
limits. The difficulty of lifting any load depends on its weight, bulk and shape.
You should never attempt to lift a load by yourself.
The discs in the human spine are easily damaged if they are stressed while
the back is bent. The spine resists damage best when it is held straight and
rigid so that it is braced by the back and stomach muscles. The most powerful
muscles that can be used for lifting are in the thighs and buttocks. Use is made
of these facts in the correct lifting technique.
Size up the load first

 Get help if you need it
 Make allowances for the bulk of the load, as well as for its weight
Position the feet correctly

 Place your feet as close as possible to the object to be lifted
 Check that your footing is secure
 Adopt a balanced position with your knees bent.
Obtain a proper hold

 Get a safe, secure grip, diagonally opposite on the object with the palms
of your hands. Not with your finger tips

Maintain a straight back
 Keep the upper part of your body erect and as straight as possible.
Keep the head erect, chin in

 Take a deep breath and begin to raise the load by straightening your legs.
 Complete the lift with your back held straight
Keep the arms in

 Keep your elbows and knees slightly bent
 Maintain flexible control over the load with arms and legs muscles
In reverse, it is essential to keep the back straight while lowering the load.
Compare the correct and incorrect ways of carrying a load in both arms.
The worker must walk in an upright position and avoid bending his back either
forward or backward. It is best to hold the load close to the body.
Do not carry a heavy load in one hand or under one arm; this tends to
bend the spine sideways. Distribute the load evenly so that the bone structure
of the body can support the load without distortion. Ask your supervisor to
demonstrate the correct lifting and carrying techniques.
Carrying aids, such as yokes or straps, should be used correctly. The
back must be held straight. In team lifting, one person only should give the
orders and the movements of the team members should be performed
simultaneously. All should be able to see the one giving the orders.
Correct lifting and carrying techniques are important parts of the

complete task which should be carried out as follows:
 Before attempting to move the load, check the route to be traveled. –
Ensure that there is nothing in the ways on which you could slip or trip
 Check the area where the load is to be placed. – If supporters are to be
used, checked that they are strong enough and are placed correctly to
support the load.
 Size up the load to decide how it should be held and lifted. – Get help if
necessary.
 Check the load for rough or slippery conditions – Use gloves if there are
burns or jagged edges.
 Clean off any dirt, grease or water that would make the load hard to hold
 Take up the correct lifting position and grasp the load by parts you are
sure will not give way during the lift.
 Using the palms of the hands roots of the fingers get a firm grip that can
be held for the full distance of the carry.
 During the carry, watch the route, not the load.

 When it is necessary to change direction, turn the whole body and move
your feet to avoid twisting you spine
ERGONOMICS
Ergonomics is the science of designing the workplace and the job to fit the
worker. It deals with designing and changing the workplace to ensure
employees are not injured or made unusually uncomfortable when working.
Although the term Ergonomics is not specifically used in The
Occupational Health and Safety Regulations, 1996, the topic is dealt with in
sections 78, 79, 80 and 81 of the regulations. These sections deal with:
 Lifting and handling loads
 Work that involves standing for long periods of time, anti-fatigue mats
and footrest.
 Situations where it is appropriate for workers to be permitted to sit while
working (even if historically the job has been done while standing),
seating requirements and footrests.
 Musculoskeletal injuries which include muscle injuries or disorders of
tendons ligaments, nerves, joints, bones etc.
Proper attention to ergonomics can reduce injuries, compensation claims

and absenteeism and increase productivity and morale.
Two of the most important factors in dealing with ergonomics issues are
commitment by management and worker involvement.
DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, SUPERVISORS AND WORKERS
The Occupational Health and Safety, 1993, and Regulations require everyone in
the workplace to work cooperatively to identify and control health and safety
hazards.
EMPLOYERS
Employers have the most control over the conditions of work and how it is
to be done. They therefore have the greatest legal and moral responsibility for
health and safety in the workplace.
Employers must take all precautions to protect the health, safety

and welfare of workers on the job. Important ways to do that include:

 Implementing a plan to systematically identify possible workplace hazards
and take the necessary corrective actions to prevent accidents
occupational illness.
 Providing all information, training, and education workers need to safely
do their jobs. This includes proper orientation, information and training
about specific machinery or substances, safety procedures, and
associated risks.
 Training supervisors to make sure they know and obey legal health and
safety requirements and company health and safety policies, practices
and procedures.
 Check to make sure everyone is following workplace health and safety
policies, practices and procedures. If the rules are broken, take action to
prevent it from happening again.
 Establishing an occupational health committee (or designating a worker
representative in a smaller workplaces) to help identify and control health
safety hazards and address health and safety issues raised by workers.
Always consult and co-operate with the committee or representative.
 Having a system in place to report and investigate accidents and near
misses. Information from investigations should be used to review and
improve health and safety, policies, practices and procedures.
 Put in place the needed plans, procedures and equipment to deal with
emergencies, such as firs, explosions, major release of hazardous
materials, violence act/ events or natural hazards
 Provide appropriate medical and first aid facilities
 Providing and ensuring personal protective equipment is used when
needed
 Setting- up a policy to prevent harassment in the workplace.
SUPERVISORS
Supervisors must follow health and safety policies, practices and
procedures. They must make sure workers under their direction do so as well.
Supervisors should:
 Instruct and train workers to follow health and safety policies, practices
and procedures
 Enforce company health and safety policies, practices and procedures
 Ensure necessary personal protective equipment is provided and properly
used by workers.
 Understand proper emergency procedures and ensure workers follow
them when necessary
 Where appropriate, know about the safety handling, use, storage,
production and disposal of chemical biological substances
 Correct health and safety hazards.
 Ensure only authorized and properly trained workers operate equipment.

 Report and investigate accidents and near misses
 Inspect the work area and take corrective action to minimize or eliminate
hazards
 Promote proper health and safety practices among workers.
WORKERS
Workers must take reasonable precautions to protect their own health
and safety, as well as the health and safety of others. They are responsible for
their own actions or inactions. They are responsible for their own actions or
inactions. Workers must cooperate in the identification and control of work
place hazards.
Workers must:
 Use safeguards, safety appliances and personal protective equipment as
required by the employer.
 Know and follow company health and safety policies, practices and
procedure
 Report accidents occupational illness and near misses
 Report health and safety hazards and concerns
 Refrain from causing encouraging or participating in harassment.
WHAT IS 5 S?
 It is a systematized approach to organize work areas, keep rules and

standards, and maintain discipline needed to do a good job.
 The practice of 5 S develop positive attitude among workers and cultivates
an environment of efficiency, effectiveness and economy.
 It utilizes workplace organization and work simplification techniques to
make work easier, faster, cheaper, safer and more effective.
FIVE S
 Japanese
 Seiri
 Seiton
 Seiso
 Seiketsu
 Shitsuke
 English
 Sort
 Systematize
 Sweep
 Standard

 Self- Discipline
1. SEIRI (SORT)
Sort out unnecessary items and dispose them properly

 Make work easy by eliminating obstacles
 Provide no chance of being disturbed with unnecessary items
 Eliminate the need to take care of unnecessary items
 Prevent accumulation of unnecessary items
2. SEITON (SYSTEMATIZE)
Arrange necessary items in good order so that they can be easily picked
up for use.
 Classify necessary items into frequency of handling

 Locate jigs and tools that are used very often near to the point of
use
 Locate materials at the defined positions to ensure “First – in” ,
“First – out”, as well as to make work easy
 Store dies and molds together with the specific tools necessary for
their set up
 Clearly label machinery, equipment, parts jigs, tools and their
locations so that everything is understandable and visible at a
glance.
3. SEIKETSU (STANDARDIZE)
Maintain high standard of workplace organization and housekeeping at

all times.
 To prevent the deterioration of Seiri, Seiton and Seiso activities
 To minimize cause that make the workplace dirty and
uncomfortable
 To protect workers from dangerous conditions
 To make workers happy and vivid giving them a chance to present
their talent and creativity.
4. SHITSUKE (SELF-DESCIPLINE)
Do things spontaneously without being told or ordered

 The Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Shitsuke, these 4 s are techniques and
actions to make workplace well organize

 Shitsuke is a condition in which all members practice these 4S’s
continuously, spontaneously and willingly.
 Shitsuke is the creation of strong cooperative filled with a spirit of
high productivity through implementation of these 4S’s, as well as
motivation, education and training to all members.
 Management should give good example.
5. SEISO (SWEEP)
Clean your workplace completely so that there is no dust on floor,

machinery and equipment
 To make workplace clean, safe and comfortable
 To make it easy to produce quality products
 To check whether machinery and equipment are in good condition
or not
 Assign responsible persons to each machine, equipment and area.

Self- Check 1.1-1
Operational health and safety procedures, Practices and Regulations
Test 1- Enumeration
1 -2 two cause of accidents
3-7 what are the 5 S?
8- 10 what are the correct position of the feet?
11- 14 what are the parts of Step Ladder?
15 – 16 what are the parts of a Single Ladder?
17 – 22 what are the parts of Extension Ladder?
23- 27 what must a worker do?
28 – 30 how would you prevent injuries resulting from lifting and carrying
objects?

ANSWER KEY 1.1-1
Operational health and safety procedures, Practices and Regulations
Two cause of accidents

1. Unsafe Acts
2. Unsafe Conditions
What are the 5 S?
Japanese
Seri
Seaton
Seiso
Seikitsu
Shinsuki
English
Sort
Systematize
Sweep
Standard
Self – Discipline
What is the correct position of the feet?

8. Place your feet as close as possible to the object to be lifted
9. Check that your footing is secure
10. Adopt a balance position with your knee bent
What are the parts of Step Ladder?

11. Stiles
12. Steps
13. Bracing
14. Back legs
What are the parts of a Single Ladder?
15. Stiles
16. Rungs
What are the parts of Extension Ladder?

17. Guide Iron
18. Stops
19. Metal tie
20. Extension Lock
21. Rope

22. Pulley
What must a worker do?
 Use safeguards, safety appliances and personal protective equipment as

required by the employer.
 Know and follow company health and safety policies, practices and
procedure
 Report accidents occupational illness and near misses
 Report health and safety hazards and concerns
 Refrain from causing encouraging or participating in harassment.
How would you prevent injuries resulting from lifting and carrying objects?
28. Distribute Weight Evenly
29. Use Bone structure
30. Use Aids for Lifting

Task Sheet 1.1-1
Title: Practice and Exercise 5S
Performance Objective: Given a Workplace area assigned to you, you should be

able to perform in required complying with the
regulatory and organizational requirements for
occupational health and safety such as Identifying,
evaluating and maintaining occupational health and
safety (OHS) awareness.
Supplies/Materials: Soft broom, trash can, muff, feather dust, dust pan
Equipment: Air Compressor, vacuum Cleaner

Steps/Procedure:
1. Read information sheet 1.1-1 Operational health and safety procedures,

Practices and Regulations
2. Prepare yourself for PRACTICE 5S.
3. Practice and Exercise the 5S.
4. Evaluate your own output using the Performance Criteria Checklist.

5. Present your work to your trainer. And wait for his/her feedback.
Assessment Method:
Portfolio Assessment using the Performance Criteria Checklist
Performance Criteria Checklist

Task Sheet 1.1-1

CRITERIA Yes No
Did you….
1. Read information sheet 1.1-1 Operational health and safety
procedures, Practices and Regulations?
2. Prepare yourself for PRACTICE 5S?
3. Practice and Exercise the 5S?
4. Evaluate your own output using the Performance Criteria
Checklist?
5. Your Workplace hazards and Risk are Identified and

clearly explained
6. Hazards/ Risk and its corresponding indicators are

identified in with the company procedures
7. Contingency measures are recognized and established in

accordance with organizational procedures.
8. OHS issues and concerns are identified in accordance

with workplace requirements and relevant workplace
OHS legislation.
9. Established and finish 5S.


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COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Module Title: PRACTICING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

Welcome to the module in PRACTICING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND

The unit of competency “PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

The goal of this course is the development of Knowledge skills. To gain

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

2. WORK IN TEAM WORKING IN TEAM

PRACTICE CAREER PRACTICING CAREER

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Practice Occupational health and Safety

MODULE TITLE : Practicing Occupational health and safety

MODULE DESCRIPTON : This module covers the knowledge, skills

NOMINAL DURATION : 4hrs

Upon completion of this module the students/trainees will be able to;

1. Workplace hazards and Risk are Identified and clearly explained.

2. Hazards/ Risk and its corresponding indicators are identified in

3. Contingency measures are recognized and established in

4. OHS issues and concerns are identified in accordance with

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

3. Contingency measures are recognized and established in accordance

4. OHS issues and concerns are identified in accordance with workplace

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read Information Sheet 1.1-1 on In this Learning Outcome you

These outputs of your practice

Show your output to your

After doing all activities of this

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1

Operational health and safety procedures, Practices and

LEARN THE FACTS ABOUT SAFETY

There are two causes of accidents

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

RULES FOR PORTABLE LADDERS

NOTE: Non-slip feet, not shown in sketches should be fitted to ladders.

Self-supporting step ladders are suitable in places where there is no

SELECT A LADDER OF SUFFICIENT LENGTH SO THAT:

 It can be used at a slope no greater than 4 in 1;

NOTE: If ladders to meet the above conditions cannot be obtained, then

LIFTING AND CARRYING OBJECTS

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

To prevent injuries resulting from the lifting and carrying of objects:

Keep well clear of any load being handled by a crane by or a hoist.

Certain States specify limitations on the load to be lifted by women and by

Size up the load first

Position the feet correctly

Obtain a proper hold

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

Keep the head erect, chin in

Keep the arms in

Correct lifting and carrying techniques are important parts of the

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

Proper attention to ergonomics can reduce injuries, compensation claims

DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, SUPERVISORS AND WORKERS

Employers must take all precautions to protect the health, safety

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

 It is a systematized approach to organize work areas, keep rules and

RMDC- Developed BY; Date: Revised Page No.

Sort out unnecessary items and dispose them properly