Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Acclamation means a loud shout or other demonstration of welcome, goodwill, or approval. Usage
Example: His plan for revival of the company was received with acclamation.
Acetic means of, containing, producing, or derived from acetic acid or vinegar. Usage Example: Acetic
acid is known to soften and lubricate the skin.
Ascetic means a person who leads an austerely simple life, especially one who abstains from the normal
pleasures of life or denies himself or herself material satisfaction. Usage Example: Even though he was
surrounded by luxuries, he lived the life of an ascetic.
Aesthetic means relating to pure beauty rather than to other considerations. Usage Example: Their living
room was aesthetically designed.
Adapt means to make suitable to requirements or conditions; adjust or modify fittingly. Usage Example:
The screenplay was adapted to the novel.
Adept means very skilled; proficient; expert. Usage Example: He is adept at handling many things at the
same time.
Adopt means to choose or take as one's own; make one's own by selection or assent. Usage Example: It
needs a mature mind to adopt new theories and principles.
Adduce means to bring forward in argument or as evidence; cite as pertinent or conclusive. Usage
Example: The lawyer adduced new evidence to the case.
Deduce means to derive as a conclusion from something known or assumed; infer. Usage Example:
Human beings are blessed as they are able to deduce the right from the wrong.
Adjoin means to be in connection or contact. Usage Example: They met at the point where their estates
adjoin.
Adjourn means to defer or postpone (a matter) to some future time, either specified or not specified.
Usage Example: The meeting of the municipal body was adjourned to next month.
Adverse means unfavorable or antagonistic in purpose or effect, being or acting in a contrary direction;
opposed or opposing. Usage Example: The adverse winds blew the awning off.
Averse means having a strong feeling of opposition, antipathy, repugnance, etc.; opposed. Usage
Example: People averse to fish could have fried chicken instead.
Advice means an opinion or recommendation offered as a guide to action, conduct, etc.Usage Example:
Public opinion differed on the advice offered by the mayor of the city. REMEMBER: Advice is a noun
Advise means to recommend as desirable, wise, prudent, etc.Usage Example: Secrecy was advised for
the sake of national security. REMEMBER: Advise is a verb!
Common Example for both: I advise you to accept his advice and leave the country .
Aerie means a lofty nest of any large bird. Usage Example: The steep mountainous path led to aerie.
Airy means open to a free current of fresh air; breezy. Usage Example: The house had five large airy
rooms.
Eerie means uncanny, so as to inspire superstitious fear; weird. Usage Example: He was woken up by the
eerie midnight howl.
(a) To act on; produce an effect or change in. Usage Example: She did not let her personal grief affect
her professional life.
(b) To assume artificially, pretentiously, or for effect. Usage Example: She affected a southern accent for
her new play.
(a) Something that is produced by an agency or cause; result; consequence. Usage Example: The effects
of the battle were profound.
(b) An illusory phenomenon. Usage Example: The three dimensional effect was phenomenal.
Effect is used as a verb when it means 'to produce, to accomplish, to bring about'.Usage Example: Do
you think a new medicine will effect a change in his condition?
He affected a change in his tone and this had a mesmerizing effect on the audience.
Affluent means having an abundance of wealth, property, or other material goods; prosperous; rich.
Usage Example: The artist was born in an affluent family.
Effluent means something that flows out or forth; outflow; effluence. Usage Example: A large number of
industrial units have been forced to close down due to the massive effluent discharge from them.
Accept is a verb. It means to believe something as valid or correct. Usage Example: Sneha agreed to
accept the terms and conditions of the contract.
Except can be used as a verb, preposition or conjunction. It means to exclude something or someone
from a group or category. Usage Example: She couldn't tell him anything, except that she needed some
money.
Agnostic refers to person who claims that they cannot have true knowledge about the existence of God
(but does not deny that God might exist).Usage Example: Agnostic to begin with, he changed his mind
when his daughter was saved miraculously.
Atheist means a person who does not believe in God or gods. Usage Example: His atheist leanings
deterred his political career.
Aid means to provide support for or relief to; help. Usage Example: Government aid was rushed to the
famine-hit areas.
Aide means an assistant or helper, especially a confidential one. Usage Example: She instructed her aide
to deal with the mundane matters himself.
Ail means to cause pain, uneasiness, or trouble to. Usage Example: The continued silence of her son
ailed her.
Ale means a malt beverage, darker, heavier, and bitterer than beer, containing about 6 percent alcohol
by volume. Usage Example: The two friends walked merrily out of the inn after consuming large
draughts of ale.
All mighty means very; to a great degree. Usage Example: The guests were all mightily pleased to see the
dance floor.
Almighty means having unlimited power; omnipotent, as God. Usage Example: By the grace of the
almighty the roads were cleared of the boulders.
All ready means completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress. Usage
Example: They were all ready and excited to go to the picnic.
Already means by this or that time; previously; prior to or at some specified or implied time. Usage
Example: They had already decided to immigrate so the change of government did not affect them.
All together means used of a group whose members acted or were acted upon collectively. Usage
Example: The clothes lay all together in a heap on the floor.
Altogether means wholly; entirely; completely; quite. Usage Example: The premises were altogether
destroyed I the fire.
All ways is related to how something is done or how it happens and means every existing possibility,
every method. Usage Example: He was a loser in all ways.
Always means all the time; continuously; uninterruptedly. Usage Example: He is always posing to be very
busy.
Allay means to lessen or relieve; mitigate; alleviate. Usage Example: He managed to allay the fears of the
small child.
Alley means a passage, as through a continuous row of houses, permitting access from the street to
backyards, garages, etc.Usage Example: The alleys were dingy and badly lit.
Ally means to enter into an alliance; join; unite. Usage Example: The two allies signed the agreement.
Allusion means a passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something, either directly or by
implication. Usage Example: The author's allusion to Helen meant that the readers would assume she
was referring to Helen of Troy.
Delusion means a false belief or opinion. Usage Example: He has delusions of his own competence of
dealing with the matter.
Elusion means the act of avoiding capture (especially by cunning).Usage Example: He eluded the
policeman by posing to be a beggar.
Illusion means the state or condition of being deceived; misapprehension. Usage Example: The rainbow
though an optical illusion is a treat to watch.
Altar means a raised place or structure where sacrifices are offered and religious rites performed. Usage
Example: In Solomon's temple the altar was made of cedar wood and was overlaid with gold.
Alter means to make different in some particular, as size, style, course, or the like; modify. Usage
Example: His alter ego was a force to reckon with.
Alternate means
(a) To interchange repeatedly and regularly with one another in time or place; rotate (usually followed
by with).Usage Example: The guards have alternate duties.
(b) To change back and forth between conditions, states, actions, etc.Usage Example: He is like a rolling
stone; he alternates between success and failure.
Alternative means a choice limited to one of two or more possibilities, as of things, propositions, or
courses of action, the selection of which precludes any other possibility. Usage Example: he has the
alternative of travelling by car if he does not want to go by train.
Amiable means having or showing pleasant, good-natured personal qualities; affable. Usage Example:
Nature has blessed her with an amiable disposition.
Amicable means characterized by or showing goodwill; friendly; peaceable: Usage Example: An amicable
solution to the problem was arrived at with the intervention of the law officer.
Amity means friendship; peaceful harmony. Usage Example: The amity amongst neighbors led them to
help each other in trying times.
Enmity means a feeling or condition of hostility; hatred; ill will; animosity; antagonism. Usage Example:
Their enmity worsened with time.
Amoral means not involving questions of right or wrong; without moral quality; neither moral nor
immoral. Usage Example: Being a completely amoral person, he was oblivious to the sufferings of
others.
Immoral means transgressing accepted moral rules; corrupt. Usage Example: In their opinion,
colonialism was immoral.
Apposite means suitable; well-adapted; pertinent; relevant; apt. Usage Example: by looking at the man
he guessed his observation to be apposite.
Opposite means contrary or radically different in some respect common to both, as in nature, qualities,
direction, result, or significance; opposed. Usage Example: The opinion of both the journalists on that
matter is opposite.
Appraise means to estimate the monetary value of; determine the worth of; assess. Usage Example:
Before selling the estate they had to get it appraised.
Apprise means to give notice to; inform; advise (often followed by of).Usage Example: She went to
apprise him about the coming events.
Auger is a boring tool, similar to but larger than a gimlet, consisting of a bit rotated by a transverse
handle. Usage Example: He took out his auger to drill a hole in the door.
Augur means to serve as an omen or promise of; foreshadow; betoken. Usage Example: Promising sales
figures augur well for the growth of the company.
Oriole is any of several usually brightly colored, passerine birds of the family Oriolidae, of the Old World.
Usage Example: The oriole family built a nest on the tree in the back yard.
Auricle is the auricular appendage, an ear-shaped appendage projecting from each atrium of the heart.
Usage Example: Her torn auricle was repaired surgically.
Oracle means (especially in ancient Greece) an utterance, often ambiguous or obscure, given by a priest
or priestess at a shrine as the response of a god to an inquiry. Usage Example: The scriptures are
sometimes referred to as oracles.
Aver means to assert or affirm with confidence; declare in a positive or peremptory manner. Usage
Example: He averred to be innocent.
Avert means to turn away or aside. Usage Example: She averted her eyes on seeing him arrive.
Evert means turn inside out; turn the inner surface of outward. Usage Example: She everted her eyelids
to hide the pain.
Among is used to indicate a division, choice, or differentiation involving three or more participants.
Usage Example: The teacher distributed the sweets among her students.
Amongst is just a variant form of 'among'. There is no difference in the meaning of two words. Usage
Example: They do not fight amongst themselves like our group does.
Assure means to tell or promise a person that a particular thing will definitely happen. In other words,
you give an 'assurance' to someone. Usage Example: I assure you that this car is safe to drive.
Ensure means that you make certain that a particular thing happens. In other words, you fulfill the
conditions of that particular event. Usage Example: She needs to study hard to ensure a good grade.
Babble means to talk idly, irrationally, excessively, or foolishly; chatter or prattle. Usage Example:
Travelling in the train, in a strange country the babble of voices was reassuring.
Babel means a confusion of noises or voices. Usage Example: There was a continuous Babel coming from
the nursery.
Bauble is cheap showy jewellery or ornament on clothing. Usage Example: She liked to sport her
imitation diamond bauble.
Bail means property or money given as surety that a person released from custody will return at an
appointed time. Usage Example: He was released on bail in two hours.
Bale means a large bundle or package prepared for shipping, storage, or sale, especially one tightly
compressed and secured by wires, hoops, cords, or the like, and sometimes having a wrapping or
covering. Usage Example: Bales of hay were lined up at the farmhouse.
Bait means an allurement; enticement: to keep their workers happy they were thrown the bait of
bonuses and extra holidays. It also means something edible, such as soft bread paste, worms, or pieces
of meat, fixed to a hook or in a trap to attract fish or animals. Usage Example: They carried a bag full of
bait and two fishing rods and set off to fish in the stream.
Bate means to diminish or subside; abate. Usage Example: As soon as his anger began to bate, he saw
the reasoning behind her argument.
Ballet is a classical style of expressive dancing based on precise conventional steps with gestures and
movements of grace and fluidity. Usage Example: Her movements had the grace of a ballet dancer.
Ballot is a slip or sheet of paper, cardboard, or the like, on which a voter marks his or her vote. Usage
Example: Electronic machines are being used for the purpose of ballot these days.
Baron can be a member of the lowest grade of nobility, or an important financier or industrialist,
especially one with great power in a particular area. Usage Example: All the appointees to this post are
equivalent to that of a baron.
Barren means incapable of producing offspring, seed, or fruit; sterile. Usage Example: The fruit trees lay
barren due to lack of snowfall.
Beatify means to make blissfully happy. Usage Example: His life was beatified with doing service to the
lesser blessed ones.
Beautify means to make or become beautiful. Usage Example: Spring beautifies the garden as no human
effort can
Benediction means an utterance of good wishes or an invocation of divine blessing, esp. at the end of a
Christian religious ceremony. Usage Example: The priest gave the new-born child benediction by
touching two fingers to his forehead.
Malediction means a curse; imprecation. Usage Example: They felt defeated at the beginning by the fear
of some unseen malediction.
Benevolence means desire to do good to others; goodwill; charitableness. Usage Example: Benevolence
is a gift given by God to serve humanity.
Malevolence means the quality, state, or feeling of being malevolent; ill will; malice; hatred. Usage
Example: Malevolence and spite became his way of life after being spurned by one and all.
Beseech means to implore urgently. Usage Example: The old lady beseeched the young man to let her
go as her condition was deteriorating.
Besiege means to crowd around; crowd in upon; surround. Usage Example: The travel agent was
besieged with tourists wanting to know the next flight available, as all the routes were closed due to bad
weather.
Biannual means occurring twice a year; semi-annual. Usage Example: The biannual board meeting was
just a formality for the board members to meet each other twice in a year.
Biennial means lasting or enduring for two years. Usage Example: They met after every two years at
biennial conventions.
Perennial means perpetual; everlasting; continuing; recurrent. Usage Example: Beautiful perennial
daffodils lined both sides of the avenue.
Bidding means command; summons; invitation. Usage Example: The beggar was fed at the kitchen door
at the old man/s bidding.
Biding means to wait for a favorable opportunity. Usage Example: He was biding his time to take his
revenge.
Bisect means to cut or divide into two equal or nearly equal parts. Usage Example: Thunderstorm and
lightning bisected the tree.
Dissect means make a mathematical, chemical, or grammatical analysis of; break down into components
or essential features. Usage Example: After the crash in the market, the analysts are busy dissecting the
market
Bogey means a score of one stroke over par on a hole. This word is used for the game of golf. Usage
Example: After the penalty shot, he putted for a bogey.
Bogy means anything that haunts, frightens, annoys, or harasses, a hobgoblin; evil spirit. Usage Example:
They used a lantern as a bogy to frighten the children.
Breach means a gap made in a wall, fortification, line of soldiers, etc.; rift; fissure, any severance or
separation. Usage Example: The two political parties had a breach due to vested interests.
Breech is the lower, rear part of the trunk of the body, opening in the rear of the barrel of a gun where
bullets can be loaded. Usage Example: They had to load the breech of the gun before firing.
54. Bridal & Bridle
Bridal means of, for, or pertaining to a bride or a wedding. Usage Example: She wore a sequined bridal
dress.
Bridle is a part of the tack or harness of a horse, consisting usually of a headstall, bit, and reins. It can
also mean something that curbs or restrains; check Usage Example: He loosened the bridle and jumped
off the horse. He had to bridle his antagonism at the political gathering.
Broach is an elongated, tapered, serrated cutting tool for shaping and enlarging holes. It is also used as a
verb and it means to bring up a topic for discussion Usage Example: He was called to broach the cask of
wine. He broached the delicate subject with some hesitation.
Brooch is a clasp or ornament having a pin at the back for passing through the clothing and a catch for
securing the point of the pin .Usage Example: She liked to sport her Cartier diamond brooch.
Cabal means a small group of secret plotters, as against a government or person in authority. Usage
Example: The arms dealer offloads the ammunition at the hideout of the underworld cabal.
Cable is a very strong rope made of strands of metal wire, as used to support cable cars or suspension
bridges. Usage Example: He is currently working as a designer in a cable company.
Callous means insensitive; indifferent; unsympathetic. Usage Example: He became aloof and callous
after the tragedy.
Callus means a hardened or thickened part of the skin; a callosity. Usage Example: Hard physical labor
callused his hands and feet.
Cannon means a mounted gun for firing heavy projectiles; a gun, howitzer, or mortar. Usage Example:
The temple was razed to the ground by the cannon fire.
Canon means one of a body of dignitaries or prebendaries attached to a cathedral or a collegiate church;
a member of the chapter of a cathedral or a collegiate church. Canon also means a general rule or
standard, as of judgment, morals, etc. Usage Example: The jury requested the judge to let the trial
proceed according to the canons of law.
Canvas means a closely woven, heavy cloth of cotton, hemp, or linen, used for tents, sails, etc. Usage
Example: She gifted a decorated canvas bag to her parents to take for shopping groceries.
Canvass means to solicit votes from potential voters in an electoral campaign. Usage Example: The
children raised one lakh by canvassing for the Cancer Society.
Capable means having power and ability; efficient; competent. Usage Example: He is quite capable of
doing the work by himself.
Culpable means deserving censure; blameworthy. Usage Example: The doctor is culpable of negligence
in this case.
Carousal means a noisy or drunken feast or social gathering; revelry. Usage Example: Bawdy language
and wine flowed freely at the carousal.
Carousel means a continuously revolving belt, track or other device on which items are placed for later
retrieval. Usage Example: The wait at the airport carousel seemed endless.
Casual means happening by chance; fortuitous. Usage Example: The casual meeting developed into a
business partnership.
Causal means of, constituting, or implying a cause. Usage Example: The causal part of the argument was
baseless.
Cede means to yield or formally surrender to another. Usage Example: The agreement amongst the two
brothers made the elder one cede a part of his property to the younger one.
Seed means any propagative part of a plant, including tubers, bulbs, etc., especially as preserved for
growing a new crop. Usage Example: Some pods of the radish plant have been allowed to flower and go
to seed.
Censer means a container, usually covered, in which incense is burned, especially during religious
services. Usage Example: The censers used daily were made of brass, the gold censers were used
occasionally.
Censor means a person authorized to examine publications, theatrical presentations, films, letters, etc.,
in order to suppress in whole or part those considered obscene. Usage Example: Though the board was
satisfied with the results, yet the director decided to censor some scenes in the finale.
Censure means strong or vehement expression of disapproval. Usage Example: She was advised not to
risk the censure of her supervisor.
Clench means to close (the hands, teeth, etc.) tightly. Usage Example: Her tension was visible in the way
she clenched her hands.
Clinch means to settle (a matter) decisively. Usage Example: After much procrastinations, the deal was
clinched by the two major conglomerates.
Cliché means a word or expression that has lost much of its force through overexposure. Usage
Example: Reporters today are using so many clichés that it has become monotonous to hear the same
story being repeated throughout the day.
Clique means a small, exclusive group of people; coterie; set. Usage Example: Immigrants in foreign
lands tend to form a clique of their own nationalities.
Climacteric carries the following meanings: a. A period of life characterized by physiological and psychic
change that marks the end of the reproductive capacity of women and terminates with the completion
of menopause. b. A corresponding period sometimes occurring in men that may be marked by a
reduction in sexual activity, although fertility is retained. c. A critical period or year in a person's life
when major changes in health or fortune are thought to take place. Usage Example: Homeopathy is a
successful method of combating climacteric changes.
Climactic means pertaining to or coming to a climax. Usage Example: The climactic images raised many
Goosebumps.
Climatic means of or relating to climate. Usage Example: Apples are mainly grown in extremely cold
climatic conditions.
Collision means the act of colliding; a coming violently into contact; crash. Usage Example: Astronomers
are keenly watching an amazing collision between two asteroids in space.
Collusion means a secret agreement, especially for fraudulent or treacherous purposes; conspiracy.
Usage Example: Sometimes market conditions are conducive to cartels being formed without any
collusion.
Complacent means pleased, especially with oneself or one's merits, advantages, situation, etc., often
without awareness of some potential danger or defect; self-satisfied. Usage Example: The buoyancy in
the market made the investors complacent.
Complaisant means inclined or disposed to please; obliging; agreeable or gracious; compliant. Usage
Example: He was surrounded by complaisant, irritating aides.
Complement means something that completes or makes perfect. Usage Example: Perfect dinner setting
is a complement to the meal.
Condemn means to express an unfavorable or adverse judgment on; indicate strong disapproval of;
censure or to force into a specific state or activity. Usage Example: Being uneducated condemned him to
a life of abject poverty.
Contemn means to treat or regard with disdain, scorn, or contempt. Usage Example: It is easy to
contemn the work of others but difficult to do the same in their position.
Cache means a hiding place, especially one in the ground, for ammunition, food, treasures, etc. Usage
Example: The squirrels hid their cache of food and tidbits in a small hole in the tree.
Cachet means a distinguishing mark or feature; stamp: superior status; prestige. Usage Example:
Courteous behavior is a cachet of good breeding.
Cavalry means the part of a military force composed of troops that serve on horseback. Usage Example:
The cavalry unit was stationed at the northern border.
Calvary means the place just outside the walls of Jerusalem where Jesus was crucified. Usage Example:
The name Calvary is the Latin translation of 'Place of the Skull'.
Capital means the city or town that is the official seat of government in a country, state, etc. Usage
Example: The state capital housed all the important offices.
Capitol means the building in Washington, D.C., used by the Congress of the U.S. for its sessions. Usage
Example: The Capitol building in Washington is situated on Capitol Hill.
Condemnation means strong censure; disapprobation; reproof. Usage Example: He was very vehement
in the condemnation of caste divide.
Commendation means the act of commending; recommendation; praise. Usage Example: He was a
miser in the field of commendation; rarely did he ever praise someone.
Confidant means a close friend or associate to whom secrets are confided or with whom private matters
and problems are discussed. Usage Example: There were some facts of the case which he did not reveal
to his confidant also.
Confidante means a woman to whom secrets are confided or with whom private matters and problems
are discussed. Usage Example: Being a close confidante of the Queen meant that she had to keep a lot
of things close to her chest.
Confident means having strong belief or full assurance; sure. Usage Example: He was confident of
winning the debate.
Conscience means the inner sense of what is right or wrong in one's conduct or motives, impelling one
toward right action. Usage Example: She held back her words as if she had something weighing on her
conscience.
Conscientious means careful and painstaking; particular; meticulous; scrupulous. Usage Example: Adolf
Hitler, known to be a tyrant was, on the other hand, a kind and conscientious employer.
Conscious means having the mental faculties fully active. Usage Example: She was conscious of the
beauty of the inner self.
Continual means of regular or frequent recurrence; often repeated; very frequent. Usage Example: At
the railway station there were continual announcements regarding the arrival and departure of trains
Continuous means uninterrupted in time; without cessation. Usage Example: It rained continuously
through the night.
Corps means a body of people associated together. Usage Example: The diplomatic corps found houses
close to each other.
Corpse means a dead body, usually of a human being. Usage Example: The corpse was laid to rest in the
coffin after the service in the Church was over.
Covet means to desire wrongfully, inordinately, or without due regard for the rights of others. Usage
Example: Things are easy to covet but difficult to obtain.
Covert means concealed; secret; disguised. Usage Example: Covert work on the research for better
ammunition is being carried at the lab at night.
Overt means open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret. Usage Example: Overt intelligence
gathering was done by the opposition party.
Creak means to make a sharp, harsh, grating, or squeaking sound. Usage Example: The boards creaked
every time someone stepped on them.
Creek means a stream or channel in a coastal marsh. Usage Example: The creek behind their house dried
up every year in the summer.
Credible means capable of being believed; believable. Usage Example: His testimonials were completely
credible.
Creditable means bringing or deserving credit, honor, reputation, or esteem. Usage Example: The
performance of the sides was creditable in the tournament.
Credulity is a tendency to believe too readily. Usage Example: The manager questioned the credulity of
the new officer who believed anything his juniors said.
Credulous is inclined to believe almost anything; gullible; naive. Usage Example: Young children are
generally credulous and fall readily into the traps of marketers.
Crevasse is a fissure, or deep cleft, in glacial ice, the earth's surface, etc.Usage Example: While hiking
two members of the team fell into a crevasse.
Crevice is a crack forming an opening; cleft; rift; fissure. Usage Example: The old mansion had a lot of
crevices in the walls.
Critic means a person who judges, evaluates, or criticizes. Usage Example: The art critic was very
efficient and very much in demand.
Critique is an article or essay criticizing a literary or other work; detailed evaluation; review. Usage
Example: Book reviewers generally go deep into the text to critique it.
Collaborate means to work one with another; cooperate, as on a literary work. Usage Example: Some
French noblemen collaborated with The Nazis when they occupied Paris.
Corroborate means to make more certain; confirm. Usage Example: There was nothing in his story to
corroborate with the actual happening.
Connote means to signify or suggest (certain meanings, ideas, etc.) in addition to the explicit or primary
meaning. Usage Example: Words such as error connote a negative attitude in humans.
Denote means to be a mark or sign of; indicate. Usage Example: Her face denoted her feelings very
clearly.
Corporal means of the human body; bodily; physical. Usage Example: In the Nazi concentration camps
corporal punishment was common.
Corporeal means material; tangible. Usage Example: Some countries still believe in giving corporeal
lashes in public as punishment.
Cue is a rod or "stick" used to propel or to move a ball in the game of pool or billiards. It also means a
prompt or signal to do something. Usage Example: Talented actors do not require any cues for their
lines.
Queue is a line of people or vehicles waiting their turns. Usage Example: We were made to stand in a
queue before we could enter the stadium.
Currant means a small red, black, or white berry that is often used in making jams and jellies. Usage
Example: The currants in the ice-cream added flavor to it.
Current means generally accepted; happening in the present time. It also means the swift flow or
movement of water. Usage Example: The body floated miles downstream because of the swift river
current.
Dammed means a barrier to obstruct the flow of water, especially one of earth, masonry, etc., built
across a stream or river. Usage Example: They dammed the stream to stop the enemies from entering
their area.
Damned means condemned or doomed, especially to eternal punishment, complete; absolute; utter.
Usage Example: The play was a damned one right from the start.
Dangle means to hang loosely, especially with a jerking or swaying motion. Usage Example: The ropes of
the swing dangled in the breeze.
Tangle means to bring together into a mass of confusedly interlaced or inter-twisted threads, strands, or
other like parts; snarl. Usage Example: The vines and bushes were tangled with each other.
Debar means to shut out or exclude from a place or condition. Usage Example: Only members were
allowed in the club and all others were debarred.
Disbar means to expel from the legal profession or from the bar of a particular court. Usage Example:
The court decided to disbar the senior lawyer from the court on grounds of misconduct
Diseased means having or affected with disease. Usage Example: She had indomitable courage in spite
of being diseased.
Decent means adequate; fair; passable, suitable; appropriate. Usage Example: The sales data indicates a
decent profit for the shopkeepers.
Descent means a downward inclination or slope, the act of descending. Usage Example: They were
delighted to see the lodge at the end of the sharp descent.
Dissent means to differ in sentiment or opinion, especially from the majority; withhold assent; disagree
(often followed by from). Usage Example: The two member bench dissented with the proceedings.
Defendant means a person against whom an action or claim is brought in a court of law. Usage Example:
The judgment was given in favor of the defendant with costs by the jury.
Plaintiff means a person who brings suit in a court (opposed to defendant). Usage Example: The plaintiff
was given three opportunities to prove his point.
Defer means to put off (action, consideration, etc.) to a future time. Usage Example: He tried to defer his
departure but eventually had to go for the sake of his livelihood.
Differ means to be unlike, dissimilar, or distinct in nature or qualities (often followed by from). Usage
Example: To differ from the opinion of others is a habit with some people.
1. Both the words refer to the act of defending or resisting an attack. They are just different spellings of
the same word. While 'defense' is used in American English, 'defence' is used in British English.
Other meanings of defence/defense are:2. Military forces and resources of a country. 3. Counsel for the
defendant in a lawsuit. 4. Players of a team who defend the goal.
Defuse means:
(a) To remove the fuse from (a bomb, mine, etc.). Usage Example: The bomb was defused with barely a
minute to spare.(b) To make less dangerous, tense, or embarrassing. Usage Example: Green
environmentalists are trying to defuse the threat of global warming.
Diffuse means to spread or scatter widely or thinly; disseminate. Usage Example: The aroma of freshly
baked cakes was diffused in the whole room.
Delegate is to give or commit (duties, powers, etc) to another as agent or representative; depute. Usage
Example: All the delegates at the convention received a copy of the agenda of the meeting.
Relegate means to send or consign to an inferior position, place, or condition. Usage Example: He felt
humiliated on being relegated to a lower position.
Deluded means to mislead the mind or judgment of; deceive. Usage Example: They deluded themselves
with the images of their past glory.
Diluted means to make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by the addition of water or the like. Usage Example:
The paint was diluted with a thinner to improve the finish.
Denounce means to condemn or censure openly or publicly. Usage Example: He was fined for
denouncing the government policies.
Renounce means to give up or put aside voluntarily. Usage Example: Lord Buddha renounces his throne
at a very early age after seeing atrocities being committed on the poor.
Depravation means to make morally bad or evil; vitiate; corrupt. Usage Example: There was depravation
galore amongst the upper classes in the 19th century.
Deprivation means the state of being deprived. Usage Example: In all the colonial estates the lower
castes faced social deprivation.
Deprecate means to express earnest disapproval of. Usage Example: The efforts of the disabled were
deprecated by the judges.
Depreciate means to lessen the value or price of. Usage Example: The depreciating dollar has caused a
great loss to the economy.
Descendant is a person or animal that is descended from a specific ancestor; an offspring. Usage
Example: The descendants of the tribals had begun to settle in the cities in search of livelihood.
Descendent means coming or going downwards; descending. Usage Example: Her eternal beauty was
the gift of her descendent gene.
Desolate means barren or laid waste; devastated. Usage Example: We travelled through a desolate
landscape for almost half the day.
Dissolute means indifferent to moral restraints; given to immoral or improper conduct; licentious;
dissipated. Usage Example: Although a dissolute he was very generous towards people in need.
Detract means to draw away or divert; distract. Usage Example: The derelict farmhouse amidst the
green meadows detracts from its beauty.
Distract means to draw away or divert, as the mind or attention. Usage Example: The continuous
cacophony of the old couple distracted him from concentrating on his goal.
Device is a machine or tool used for a specific task; contrivance. Remember, device is a noun. Usage
Example: These days many devices can be linked to the smart phone.
Devise means to contrive, plan, or elaborate; invent from existing principles or ideas. Remember, devise
is a verb. Usage Example: The students made an ingenuous plan to surprise the professor on his
birthday.
Diagnosis means the process of determining by examination the nature and circumstances of a diseased
condition. Usage Example: The diagnosis for the diseases was long drawn out and complex and at times,
it even failed.
Prognosis is the prospect of recovery after an illness or difficult situation. Usage Example: The doctor
was pleased with the prognosis of reversing diabetes for the given patient.
Diffident means lacking confidence in one's own ability, worth, or fitness; timid; shy. Usage Example: His
tone was soft and diffident, but words were very clear.
Dissident means disagreeing or dissenting, as in opinion or attitude. Usage Example: The dissident
groups have diverse methodologies.
Regress means to move backward; go back. Usage Example: Things came to such a pass that the school
authority regressed to the old rules.
Dinghy is any small boat, powered by sail, oars, or outboard motor. Usage Example: The small dinghy
was his lifeline as it helped him fish.
Dingy means of a dark, dull, or dirty color or aspect; lacking brightness or freshness. Usage Example: The
dingy room and the dreary weather saddened her spirits.
Disburse is to pay out or to expend. Usage Example: The salaries were disbursed at the start of the
month.
Disperse is to scatter something. Usage Example: The particles were dispersed over a wide area.
Discomfit means to cause to lose one's composure. Usage Example: The truth about her husband will
discomfit her greatly.
Discomfort means lack of comfort; uneasiness; inconvenience. Usage Example: The poor endure
maximum discomfort.
Disconcert is to upset or to frustrate plans, etc. or to upset the composure or self-possession of; to
embarrass; to confuse. Usage Example: It is often the little things that disconcert while performing live.
Discreet means displaying wise reserve in one's speech or conduct; being prudent and careful. Usage
Example: You need to be discreet with my secrets.
Discrete means constituting a separate thing; distinct. Usage Example: I want discrete items in gift
package and no items should be the same.
Distracted means to call attention away from the focus of a situation. Usage Example: I was distracted
by the noise.
Distrait means inattentive or preoccupied, especially because of anxiety. Usage Example: I was distrait
when my partner did not show up for the meeting.
Distraught means confused or stirred up due to mental conflict, anxiety or doubt. Usage Example:
Children often get distraught when they don't understand something.
Douse means to wet thoroughly; to drench. Usage Example: The fired had to be doused immediately.
Dowse is to use a divining rod to search for underground water or minerals. Usage Example: He used a
special rod to dowse for water on the farmer's land.
Definite means clear, precise, positive. Usage Example: It is definite that our team has won.
Definitive means conclusive, unconditional & final. Usage Example: The judge asked definitive proof
from the lawyer for his arguments.
A delusion is a wrong belief regarded as from the point of view of the person holding it( and has special
uses in psychiatry, as in delusions of grandeur). Usage Example: She has always had the delusion that
she was a super-star.
An illusion is also an impression that something not true or real is true or real, but it is usually a fleeting
impression, something that is regarded externally. Usage Example: The work of a magician is to create
illusions that are mesmerizing.
Disinterested refers to being unbiased and impartial. A disinterested person has no vested interest in
the matter. Usage Example: The members considering the bid should be disinterested and not receive
any benefit from the deal.
Uninterested refers to a complete lack of interest in something or being indifferent to that particular
thing or person. Usage Example: She seems uninterested in what is going on around her.
Earthy means of, composed of, or characteristic of earth. Usage Example: She decorated her drawing
room in earthy tones.
Eave means usually, eaves the overhanging lower edge of a roof. Usage Example: The tree swallows and
the barn swallows had built their nests under the eaves of the farmhouse.
1. It can refer to the day before. Usage Example: They all assembled on the eve of her departure.
2. The period preceding or leading up to any event, crisis, etc. Usage Example: People were confused on
the eve of the Civil War.
3. The latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall). Usage
Example: She toiled away from dusk to eve.
Either means one or the other of two. Usage Example: Either I heard it wrong or what he said was not
true.
Ether is a colorless volatile highly flammable liquid with a characteristic sweetish odour, made by the
reaction of sulphuric acid with ethanol and it is used as a solvent and anaesthetic. Usage Example: On
external application, ether evaporates very fast, producing intense cold.
Elegy means a mournful or plaintive poem or song, esp a lament for the dead. Usage Example: "Lycidas"
an elegy for Edward king on was composed by Milton on his death.
Eulogy means a speech or writing in praise of a person or thing, especially a set oration in honor of a
deceased person. Usage Example: There was hardly anyone in the crowd who remembered the name of
the person giving the eulogy.
Elicit means to draw or bring out or forth; educe; evoke. Usage Example: Despite her best efforts she has
been unable to elicit any aid for the animal shelter.
Illicit means not legally permitted or authorized; unlicensed; unlawful. Usage Example: He felt happy at
having smuggled an illicit bottle of water in the auditorium as the venue was selling them at exorbitant
prices.
Licit means legal; lawful; legitimate; permissible. Usage Example: The video footage was licit and clear.
Eligible means meeting the stipulated requirements, as to participate, compete, or work; qualified.
Usage Example: His percentage made him eligible for a number of scholarships.
Illegible means unable to be read or deciphered. Usage Example: The cashier at the bank refused to cash
the old lady's check as her signature had become illegible.
Ineligible means not eligible; not permitted or suitable. Usage Example: The employees of the firm were
ineligible for the contest.
Legible means capable of being read or deciphered, especially with ease, as writing or printing; easily
readable. Usage Example: The photocopies of the report were not legible.
Emanate means to issue or proceed from or as from a source. Usage Example: The room was filled with
the fragrance emanating from the flowers.
Eminent means high in station, rank, or repute; prominent; distinguished. Usage Example: The most
eminent of lawyers and statesmen were present at the meeting.
Immanent means remaining within; indwelling; inherent. Usage Example: We were mesmerized by the
immanent beauty of the river and the deep forest behind it.
Imminent means likely to occur at any moment; impending. Usage Example: The danger to life though
imminent still the power of prayer kept our hopes alive.
Emerge means to come forth into view or notice, as from concealment or obscurity. Usage Example: The
ship could be seen emerging from the fog from the lighthouse.
Immerge means to plunge, as into a fluid. Usage Example: The boat was immerged in the rising waves.
Emigrant means a person who emigrates, as from his or her native country or region. Usage Example: He
sailed from England to America on an emigrant ship.
Immigrant means a person who migrates to another country, usually for permanent residence. Usage
Example: After the Second World War, immigrants could not find work easily.
Emigrate and Immigrate are the verb forms of the above discussed words.
Epidemic means a temporary prevalence of a disease. Usage Example: It is getting difficult to control an
epidemic of Horseweed even with herbicides.
Pandemic means prevalent throughout an entire country, continent, or the whole world; epidemic over
a large area. Usage Example: A pandemic of fear has spread among the political parties before the
midterm elections.
Inquiry refers to a specific search or examination of facts. It is mostly used for official investigations.
Usage Example: The police carried out an inquiry into the murder case.
Enquiry refers to a general request for information. It can also be used for a 'search for knowledge in a
particular field of study'. Usage Example: You should make an enquiry about the train schedule ahead of
your travel.
Enervate means to deprive of force or strength; destroy the vigor of; weaken. Usage Example: The hot
climate enervates the body and leaves it listless.
Innervate means to communicate nervous energy to; stimulate through nerves. Usage Example: Fear
innervates the heart muscles and it starts beating faster.
Epigram means any witty, ingenious, or pointed saying tersely expressed. Usage Example: Out of his
huge collection we could find only a few hymns and epigrams.
Epigraph means an inscription, especially on a building, statue, or the like. Usage Example: As the statue
was unveiled, a beautiful epigraph could be read.
Epitaph means a commemorative inscription on a tomb or mortuary monument about the person
buried at that site. Usage Example: The epitaphs on the tombstones were scarcely visible as the
cemetery was very old.
Epithet can also be in sense of an offensive word or name that is used as a way of abusing or insulting
someone or others. Usage Example: Friends generally hurl one epithet after another at each other when
they get together after a long time.
Equable means free from many changes or variations; uniform. Usage Example: After the harsh winter in
England, he found the climate in the Caribbean equable and pleasant.
Equitable means characterized by equity or fairness; just and right; fair; reasonable. Usage Example: The
warden made sure that the distribution of gifts amongst the children in the orphanage was equitable.
Erasable refers to something that can be rubbed/removed/scraped out, as letters or characters written
or engraved. Usage Example: The new company plans to offer erasable pens.
Irascible means easily provoked to anger; very irritable. Usage Example: The irascible old man had a very
kind heart.
Erratum is a singular noun that stands for an error in writing or printing. Usage Example: As specified in
the erratum - line 26, the word import has been corrected to importance.
Errata is a plural noun and refers to means a list of errors in a publications. Usage Example: There were
2000 errata in the work.
Every day means of or relating to every day; daily. Usage Example: Every day a new problem crops up at
the workplace.
Everyday means such as is met with every day; ordinary; commonplace. Usage Example: The story of the
film revolves around the everyday instances of life.
Everyone is an inclusive word referring to every person; everybody. Usage Example: The rules of the
fame were the same for everyone.
Every one refers to every individual without exception. Usage Example: Every one of the children had
bright and shining eyes at the thought of the picnic.
Everything means inclusive of all that relates to a subject or topic. Usage Example: Everything regarding
the trip was listed in the manual.
Every thing means every single thing. Usage Example: Every thing was placed on the mantle-piece.
Evoke means to call or summon up (a memory, feeling, etc), esp. from the past. Usage Example:
Memories of days gone by evoked nostalgic images of the people attached to them.
Invoke means to call for with earnest desire; make supplication or pray for. Usage Example: Humans
tend to invoke God when in despair.
Revoke means to take back or withdraw; annul, cancel, or reverse; rescind or repeal. Usage Example: As
the mayor refused to revoke the ban, the parade was held as usual.
Evolution means any process of formation or growth; development. Usage Example: After years of
evolution has man been able to reach the moon.
Revolution means a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving. Usage Example:
The industrial revolution changed many things in the sphere of farming.
Evolve means to develop gradually. Usage Example: No one can imagine that such beautiful butterflies
evolve from the ugly looking larvae.
1. To be transferred or passed on from one to another. Usage Example: On assuming office what
responsibilities may devolve upon him can only be guessed.
2. To pass to another by operation of law, esp on intestacy or bankruptcy. Usage Example: The duties of
the vast estate devolved on the heir.
3. To roll down or cause to roll down. Usage Example: The country devolved into separate warring
factions.
Exalt means to rise in rank, honor, power, character, quality, etc.; elevate. Usage Example: The humble
musician was exalted to the rank of being the royal musician.
Exult means to show or feel a lively or triumphant joy; rejoice exceedingly; be highly elated or jubilant.
Usage Example: The winning team exulted over their victory.
Exceed means:
1. To go beyond the bounds or limits of. Usage Example: The data is chargeable if you exceed the usage
allowance.
2. To surpass; be superior to; excel. Usage Example: Her performance exceeded that of her teacher.
Excel means to surpass; be superior to; outdo. Usage Example: She excels in everything she puts her
mind to.
Exceptionable means open to or subject to objection; objectionable. Usage Example: At times people
use exceptionable language in the chat rooms.
Exceptional means forming an exception or rare instance; unusual; extraordinary. Usage Example: An IQ
of 140 and above is exceptional.
1. To shut or keep out; prevent the entrance of. Usage Example: Using one option does not mean to
exclude the other.
2. To expel and keep out; thrust out; eject. Usage Example: The board excluded his sons from
participating in the proceedings.
Exude means to come out gradually in drops, as sweat, through pores or small openings; ooze out.
Usage Example: To succeed in an interview one must exude confidence in oneself.
1. Bodily or mental exertion, especially for the sake of training or improvement of health Usage
Example: Physical exercise is good for the brain as well.
2. A putting into action, use, operation, or effect. Usage Example: She exercised great caution while
talking to him.
3. To have as an effect. Usage Example: the teachings of his mentor exercised a lot of influence on him.
Exorcise means to seek to expel (an evil spirit) by adjuration or religious or solemn ceremonies. Usage
Example: He tried to exorcise his fear by singing loudly.
Exhort means to urge, advice, or caution earnestly; admonish urgently. Usage Example: He tried to
exhort the judge to have patience till he could get hold of further evidence.
Export means goods (visible exports) or services (invisible exports) sold to a foreign country or countries.
Usage Example: Colombia exports a great deal of coffee.
Extort means to secure (money, favours, etc) by intimidation, violence, or the misuse of influence or
authority. Usage Example: It was not easy to extort information from the guard of the building.
1. To increase in extent, size, volume, scope, etc. Usage Example: The gardener placed the bulbs at an
equal distance leaving space for the plant to flower and expand.
2. To spread out; unfold; develop. Usage Example: The balloon expanded when it was filled with air.
Expend means to use up. Usage Example: At the end of the day she had no energy left to expend on
household chores.
Expanse means an uninterrupted space or area; a wide extent of anything. Usage Example: The wide
expanse of greenery in the valley was breathtaking.
Expansive means having a wide range or extent; comprehensive; extensive. Usage Example: The general
told expansive tales about the war.
Expensive means high-priced; costly; dear. Usage Example: Expensive tastes are the mark of the man.
Explicative means explanatory; interpretive. Usage Example: The first chapter though informative is too
explicative and detailed.
Explicit means fully and clearly expressed or demonstrated; leaving nothing merely implied;
unequivocal. Usage Example: Explicit instructions about the day tour were provided on booking the tour.
Implicit means implied, rather than expressly stated. Usage Example: There was an implicit
understanding amongst them about not speaking on the subject.
1. The act or an instance of exploding. Usage Example: The explosion of the firecrackers was deafening.
2. A sudden or violent outburst of activity, noise, emotion, etc. Usage Example: The comedian's act drew
forth an explosion of laughter.
Implosion means the act of imploding; a bursting inward.Usage Example: The implosion of the bulb
could be heard in the next room.
Expose (verb) means to lay open to danger, attack, harm, etc. Usage Example: Our heads were exposed
to the thundershowers as the weather had suddenly turned inclement.
Expose (noun) means a public exposure or revelation, as of something discreditable. Usage Example:
Fearing public expose he decided to change his city and identity.
Expostulate means to reason earnestly with someone against something that person intends to do or
has done; remonstrate. Usage Example: Everyone expostulated with him on the hazards of all work and
no play theory, and advised him to relax a little.
Postulate means to ask, demand, or claim. Usage Example: When one postulates aid one should also be
prepared to share some burden.
Extant means in existence; still existing; not destroyed or lost. Usage Example: Some extant manuscripts
were found with the village elders.
Extent means the space or degree to which a thing extends; length, area, volume, or scope. Usage
Example: The farmland to a vast extent was barren and not tillable.
Eyelet means a small hole for a lace or cord to be passed through or for a hook to be inserted into.
Usage Example: The young girl was competent enough to do 500 eyelets in an hour.
Eyelet can also refer to a chink or small opening, such as a peephole in a wall. Usage Example: Peeping
through the eyelet in the door he saw a huge man standing outside.
Islet means a very small island. Usage Example: They built a log hut on the islet to spend their summer
vacations.
Edible means fit to be eaten; eatable. Usage Example: The vegetable is bitter in taste and no amount of
cooking will make it edible.
Empathy means the power of understanding and imaginatively entering into another person's feelings.
Usage Example: It is very common for the musician to have empathy with his instrument.
Sympathy means the sharing of another's emotions, esp of sorrow or anguish; pity; compassion. Usage
Example: Her boss did not show much sympathy to her on not completing her work.
Elemental means starkly simple, primitive, or basic. Usage Example: They follow only the elemental rules
of worship.
Elementary means pertaining to or dealing with elements, rudiments, or first principles. Usage Example:
He found it difficult to go beyond the elementary rules of grammar.
Emulate means to attempt to equal or surpass, especially by imitation. Usage Example: The youth are in
dire need to emulate the great men of this country.
Imitate means to follow or endeavor to follow as a model or example. Usage Example: Their dance step
is intended to imitate the dance of a peacock in the rain.
Fable is a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events. Usage Example: The fable emphasizes
that the level of water in the pitcher was too low for the crow to have a drink.
Foible means a behavioural attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual. Usage Example:
Dishonesty is a foible that she detests in others.
Facet means a distinct feature or element in a problem. Usage Example: The perfectly cut facets of the
diamond shone in the sunlight
Faucet means a regulator for controlling the flow of a liquid from a reservoir. Usage Example: As soon
as she turned the faucet on, the hot water scalded her hands.
Fictitious means Formed or conceived by the imagination. Usage Example: Many authors prefer to write
under a fictitious name.
Facilitate means make easier. Usage Example: The teacher facilitated the work of the students by
providing extra notes.
Felicitate means express congratulations. Usage Example: The newly wedded couple received
felicitations from all their friends and family.
Fail means
2. To receive less than the passing grade or mark in an examination, class, or course of study. Usage
Example: He failed in two subjects.
3. To dwindle, pass, or die away. Usage Example: The crop failed due to lack of rain.
Flail means to move like a flail; thresh about. Usage Example: Stranded on the highway, he flailed his
arms around to stop a vehicle.
Fain means gladly; willingly. Usage Example: He would fain stay at home with the kids than go shopping.
Feign means make believe with the intent to deceive. Usage Example: He could not feign ignorance on
being confronted with the truth.
Faint means lacking brightness, vividness, clearness, loudness, strength. Usage Example: A faint light was
visible in the horizon.
Feint means deceive by a mock action, a movement made in order to deceive an adversary. Usage
Example: It was difficult to cut across the feints of the fencer.
Fair means free from bias, dishonesty, or injustice. Usage Example: The decision of the judge was very
fair.
Fare means the price of conveyance or passage in a bus, train, airplane, or other vehicle. Usage Example:
Recently the train fares have been hiked by twenty per cent.
Fairy is an imaginary supernatural being, usually represented in diminutive human form and
characterized as clever, playful, and having magical powers. Usage Example: It seemed as if the fairies
had helped the small children in the woods.
Ferry means a commercial service with terminals and boats for transporting persons, automobiles, etc.,
across a river or other comparatively small body of water. Usage Example: The ferry was decorated with
buntings and balloons for the festive occasion.
Faker means a person who fakes. Usage Example: He faked illness to go on a holiday. It also means to
conceal the defects of or make appear more attractive, interesting, valuable, etc., usually in order to
deceive. Usage Example: It was difficult to believe that the holy man was a faker.
Fakir means a Muslim or Hindu mendicant monk who is regarded as a holy man. Usage Example: Guru
Nanak Dev led the life of a fakir.
Farther means to or at a greater distance in time or space but it should be used only in connection with
a physical or a linear distance. Usage Example: They moved farther north in search of a livelihood.
Further is used in referring to a degree, a quantity, or time in quality or degree; to a greater extent.
Usage Example: He was not prepared to discuss the case further.
Fate means something that unavoidably befalls a person; fortune; lot. Usage Example: The fate of the
doctors is to be on service all twenty four hours.
Fete means a festive celebration or entertainment:. Usage Example: A gala fete was held in the public
grounds.
Faun is one of a class of rural deities represented as men with the ears, horns, tail, and later also the
hind legs of a goat. Usage Example: Fauns are capable of guiding humans in need, as is explained in the
fable of The Satyr and the Traveller.
Fawn means a young deer, especially an unweaned one. Usage Example: She was as light footed as a
fawn.
Fawn also refers to a form a behaviour where one seeks to notice or favor by servile demeanor. Usage
Example: The old matriarch was beaming at the young people fawning over her.
Feasible means capable of being done, effected, or accomplished. Usage Example: It was not feasible to
stop the construction work mid-way.
Plausible means having an appearance of truth or reason; seemingly worthy of approval or acceptance;
credible; believable.
Federation is a federated body formed by a number of nations, states, societies, unions, etc., each
retaining control of its own internal affairs. Usage Example: The Federation's laws were very stringent.
Confederation means the act of forming an alliance or confederation. Usage Example: The articles of the
confederation have been ratified many times.
Ferment means:
1. Any agent or substance, such as a bacterium, mould, yeast, or enzyme, that causes fermentation.
Usage Example: Let the yeast ferment for three days to add to the dough for the bread.
2. Agitation; unrest; excitement; commotion; tumult. Usage Example: The political ferment in the capital
was apparent.
Foment means
1. To instigate or foster (discord, rebellion, etc.); promote the growth or development of. Usage
Example: Lack of basic amenities was enough to foment discontent amongst the drought ridden people.
2. To apply warm water or medicated liquid, ointments, etc., to (the surface of the body). Usage
Example: If the joints get stiff, foment with warm saline water.
Ferrule is a ring or cap, usually of metal, put around the end of a post, cane, or the like, to prevent
splitting. Usage Example: The tap of his ferrule on the cobblestones could be heard long after he had left
the house.
Ferule means a rod, cane, or flat piece of wood for punishing children, especially by striking them on the
hand. Usage Example: The bang of the ferule hitting the desk could be heard outside the classroom.
Ferial is a weekday, other than Saturday, on which no feast occurs. Ferial as a word originated in late
14c, from Old French.
1. An iron hook with a handle for landing large fish. Usage Example: although he had the gaff lying next
to him, he did not even try to lift it up.
2. Harsh treatment or criticism. Usage Example: The workers could bear the gaff of the management if
they had a wage hike.
Gaffe is a social blunder; faux pas. Usage Example: Her gaffe was unforgivable by all present at the
gathering.
Gain means
1. To get (something desired), especially as a result of one's efforts. Usage Example: She had to gain
permission of the principal to sit in the exam.
2. To acquire as an increase or addition. Usage Example: It is very easy to gain weight , but very difficult
to lose it.
3. To win (someone) to one's own side or point of view; persuade. Usage Example: He made a
tremendous amount of effort to gain the support of his colleagues.
Gainly means graceful; comely; handsome. Usage Example: A gainly young man came to receive us at
the station.
Gate means an opening to allow passage into or out of an enclosed place. Usage Example: There was
fencing all around the house and a huge iron gate.
Galleon is a large sailing ship having three or more masts. Usage Example: They were ordered to board
the fifth galleon on the right side of the dock.
Gallon is a unit of capacity equal to 231 cubic inches. Usage Example: To make orange juice add 3
pounds of sugar to every gallon of juice.
Galloon means a braid or trimming of worsted, silk or rayon tinsel, gold or silver, etc. Usage Example:
The galloon was executed in a lighter tone than the fabric.
Gambit means any maneuver by which one seeks to gain an advantage. Usage Example: After having
settled down he decided to venture into a conversational gambit.
Gamut means the entire scale or range. Usage Example: Due to anger his face ran the gamut from pink
to ashen white and vice versa.
Gamble means:
1. To play at any game of chance for money or other stakes. Usage Example: He likes to gamble be it for
high or low stakes.
2. To take a chance on; venture; risk. Usage Example: It is not advisable to gamble one's future on a
whim.
Gambol means to skip about, as in dancing or playing; frolic. Usage Example: It is such fun to watch the
young lambs gambol in the green grass.
Gap means:
1. A break or opening, as in a fence, wall, or military line; breach. Usage Example: cold air is seeping
through the gap in the door and its frame.
2. A wide divergence or difference; disparity. Usage Example: There is a large gap between the rich and
the poor which is unlikely to be filled.
3. A difference or disparity in attitudes, perceptions, character, or development. Usage Example: These
days the generation gap is getting less due to fast moving technology.
Gape means to stare with open mouth, as in wonder. Usage Example: Don't gape, pay the bill!
Generic means applicable or referring to a whole class or group; general. Usage Example: Normally
people would buy generic cereals as they cost less.
Genetic means of or relating to genetics, genes, or the origin of something. Usage Example: Cultural
evolution is better and faster than genetic evolution.
Genius means a person with exceptional ability, esp. of a highly original kind. Usage Example: Mozart
was a prolific genius composed many symphonies and concertos.
Genus means any of the taxonomic groups into which a family is divided and which contains one or
more species. Usage Example: Felidae (cats, leopard, cheetah, and lion) is a genus of the cat family.
Genteel means well-bred or refined; polite; elegant; stylish. Usage Example: The city was apparently full
of rich and genteel people.
Gentle means kindly; amiable/ moderate. Usage Example: Her voice was gentle and kind.
Gesture means a movement or position of the hand, arm, body, head, or face that is expressive of an
idea, opinion, emotion, etc. Usage Example: She raised her head high in a gesture of disdain.
Jester means a person who is given to witticisms, jokes, and pranks. Usage Example: The life of a jester is
very lonely and solitary.
Ghastly means shockingly frightful or dreadful; horrible. Usage Example: It was a ghastly sight to see the
drought hit people crying out for water.
Ghostly means characteristic of, or resembling a ghost; phantasmal; spectral. Usage Example: At night
the dark room in the hills looked ghostly and full of shadows.
Gibe means to utter mocking or scoffing words; jeer. Usage Example: He wanted to gibe at the, but not
finding the appropriate words made him keep quirt.
Jibe means to be in harmony or accord; agree. Usage Example: The report did not jibe with the
observations of the managing director.
Jive is a style of lively and jerky dance performed to jazz and, later, to rock and roll. Usage Example: She
prefers jive over salsa.
Gild means
1. to coat with gold, gold leaf, or a gold-colored substance. Usage Example: The domes of the temple
were gilded with a thin plate of gold.
2. Wealthy and privileged Usage Example: The gilded fools who surrounded the Prince.
Guild is an organization of persons with related interests, goals, etc., especially one formed for mutual
aid or protection. Usage Example: Protection was given only after ten years of joining the gild to its
members.
Gilt means to coat with gold, gold leaf, or a gold-colored substance. Usage Example: There was a huge
gilt framed oil painting above the mantelpiece.
Guilt means the fact or state of having done wrong or committed an offence. Usage Example: He
remembered with sudden guilt that he had not called his mother
Gist means the main or essential part of a matter. Usage Example: The personal assistant gave the gist of
the topics discussed at the meeting.
Grist means grain intended to be or that has been ground. Usage Example: They had a grist mill which
was run by the electricity produced with water.
Jest means a joke or witty remark; witticism. Usage Example: It was difficult to judge whether her
remarks were made in jest or in earnest.
Glance means:
1. To look quickly or briefly. Usage Example: She quickly glanced through the company reports.
2. To allude briefly to a topic or subject in passing. Usage Example: At a glance he could make out that
the atmosphere was not congenial.
Glimpse is a very brief, passing look, sight, or view. Usage Example: The glimpse of the ocean from the
window was breathtaking.
Glut means to flood (the market) with a particular item or service so that the supply greatly exceeds the
demand. Usage Example: During the rainy season there was a glut of fish in the market but no demand.
Gluten is a protein consisting of a mixture of glutelin and gliadin, present in cereal grains, especially
wheat. Usage Example: Doctors these days are advising a lot of patients to have a gluten free diet.
Glutton means a person who eats and drinks excessively or voraciously. Usage Example: He gorges on
food like a glutton.
Gored means to pierce with or as if with a horn or tusk. Usage Example: The bull gored the horse and it
died immediately.
Gourds are the fruit of any of various cucurbitaceous or similar plants, especially the bottle gourd and
some squashes. Usage Example: Wild gourds can at times be poisonous.
Gorilla is the largest anthropoid ape, Gorilla gorilla, inhabiting the forests of central W Africa. Usage
Example: The forest was infested with gorillas.
Guerrilla or Guerilla means a member of an irregular usually politically motivated armed force that
combats stronger regular forces, such as the army or police. Usage Example: Guerilla war though
successful is based on unorthodox methods.
Gourmand is a person who is fond of good eating, often indiscriminatingly and to excess. Usage
Example: A true gourmand can distinguish between the qualities of the freshly baked bases for the pizza.
Gourmet is a person who cultivates a discriminating palate for the enjoyment of good food and drink.
Usage Example: There is a spread of gourmet chicken, veal, turkey and seafood by the poolside.
Greave is a piece of plate armor for the leg between the knee and the ankle, usually composed of front
and back pieces. Usage Example: Greave is perhaps taken from Egyptian Arabic signifying apparel for the
leg.
Grieve means to feel grief or great sorrow. Usage Example: As his condition worsened, I could only
grieve pray for him.
213. Grill & Grille
1. A device with parallel bars of thin metal on which meat, fish, etc, may be cooked by a fire; gridiron.
Usage Example: He would often go to the restaurant to enjoy grilled chicken.
Grille is a framework, especially of metal bars arranged to form an ornamental pattern, used as a screen
or partition. Usage Example: A beautiful iron grille separated the living and the dining rooms.
Grip means:
1. To grasp or seize firmly; hold fast. Usage Example: The old lady gripped my hand firmly.
2. To take hold on; hold the interest of. Usage Example: His mind was in the grip of extremely powerful
emotions.
Gripe means:
1. To complain, especially in a persistent nagging manner. Usage Example: Her constant whining gripes
me.
2. To cause sudden intense pain in the intestines of (a person) or (of a person) to experience this pain
Anxiety griped at her sides.
Grippe is a former name for influenza. Usage Example: His throat constricted due to grippe.
Grisly means:
1. Causing a shudder or feeling of horror; horrible; gruesome. Usage Example: He has been condemned
to such grisly crimes that it is difficult to talk about them.
2. Formidable; grim. Usage Example: The small children got scared of his grisly countenance.
Gristly is resembling or containing gristle; cartilaginous. Usage Example: His wife removed the gristly
parts of the freshly caught fish and cooked the tender parts.
Grizzly means somewhat gray; grayish. Usage Example: The brown bear is less fierce than the grizzly
bear.
1. A prolonged stressed dull cry expressive of agony, pain, or disapproval. Usage Example: Her mother
was tired of her moaning and groaning.
2. To make a sound resembling a groan; resound harshly. Usage Example: The steps groaned under the
weight of the burly old man.
Grown means to increase by natural development, as any living organism or part by assimilation of
nutriment; increase in size or substance. Usage Example: The trees on both sides of the river have grown
substantially in the last six months.
Guessed means to form an estimate or conjecture. Usage Example: No one would have guessed from
her demeanor that she suffered such a great loss.
Guest refers to a person who is entertained, taken out to eat, etc, and paid for by another. Usage
Example: The guests for the party arrived before the hosts.
Quest means a search or pursuit made in order to find or obtain something. Usage Example: His quest
for knowledge was unstoppable.
1. To cheer, salute, or greet; welcome. Usage example: The soldiers have been hailed as war heroes.
2. Small pellets of ice falling from cumulonimbus clouds when there are very strong rising air currents/
Usage example: The hail in the night destroyed all the blooming flowers.
Hale means free from disease or infirmity; robust; vigorous. Usage example: Using hale and hearty oils
like canola and olive can go a long way in protecting the health of your heart.
1. A large room or building for public gatherings; auditorium. Usage example: The hall was magnificent
and had a dance floor.
2. A room serving as an entry area within a house or building. Usage example: The cloak closet in the hall
was very spacious.
2. To transport, as in a lorry. Usage example: The farmer hauled the logs of timber in his truck to the
building site.
Hallow means to make holy; sanctify; consecrate. Usage example: The priest came to hallow the newly
built church.
1. A disc or ring of light around the head of an angel, saint, etc, as in painting or sculpture. Usage
example: A halo of pale light surrounds the painting of Mona Lisa.
2. The aura surrounding an idealized, famous, or admired person, thing, or event. Usage example: It
seems as if a halo of excellence surrounds Shakespeare's works.
1. Having a space or cavity inside; not solid; empty. Usage example: A family of foxes made their home
in the old hollow tree in the backyard.
2. without real or significant worth; meaningless. Usage example: The victory seemed hollow without
the whole team.
3. Hungry; having an empty feeling. Usage example: Unplowed fields give birth to hollow bellies.
Holler means to cry aloud; shout; yell. Usage example: She hollered for help stuck on the narrow ledge
above the sea.
1. Having an attractive, well-proportioned, and imposing appearance suggestive of health and strength;
good-looking. Usage example: He is thin and bony, hardly handsome.
2. Considerable, ample, or liberal in amount. Usage example: Her grandparents left her a handsome
fortune.
Hansom means a two-wheeled one-horse carriage with a fixed hood. The driver sits on a high outside
seat at the rear. Usage example: The travelers took a handsome cab from the station.
Hanger means a contrivance on which things are hung, as a hook. Usage example: She neatly arranged
her dresses on the hanger.
1. Firmly formed; tight. Usage example: The floor was hard and uncomfortable.
2. Involving a great deal of effort, energy, or persistence. Usage example: The work was hard and the
conditions austere.
3. Difficult or troublesome with respect to an action, situation, person, etc. Usage example: We had hard
time collecting information about the condition of the patient.
1. Only just; almost not; barely. We had hardly boarded the train when it started moving.
2. with little likelihood. Usage example: There is hardly any possibility of his coming today.
3. Not at all; scarcely. Usage example: The results of the report are hardly surprising.
1. Capable of enduring fatigue, hardship, exposure, etc.; sturdy; strong. Usage example: The
mountaineers are very hardy and strong.
2. (Of plants) able to withstand the cold of winter in the open air. Usage example: The cacti are hardy
little plants.
3. Bold; courageous. Usage example: The hardy soldiers helped evacuate the flood victims.
1. Warm-hearted; affectionate; cordial; jovial. Usage example: The warriors received a hearty welcome.
2. Substantial; abundant; nourishing. Usage example: We enjoyed a hearty meal after a day of hard
work.
3. Completely devoted; wholehearted. Usage example: The team had the hearty support of the
academy.
225. Hart & Heart
Hart is the male of the deer, esp. the red deer aged five years or more. Usage example: A burnt hart's
horn is used in preparing many powders.
Heart means the hollow muscular organ in vertebrates whose contractions propel the blood through the
circulatory system: Usage example: Obesity is a major cause of heart failure.
1. In keeping with one's taste or preference. Usage example: The work was one which his heart desired.
2. Capacity for sympathy; feeling; affection. Usage example: His heart was very tender; he got moved by
the slightest of pain felt by others.
3. The innermost or central part of anything. Usage example: The heart of the city was bustling with
activity.
Haunch means a hindquarter of an animal. Usage example: Our hosts had cooked a haunch of venison
for supper.
Hunch means:
1. To thrust out or up in a hump; arch. Usage example: All the students were hunched over the table.
2. A premonition or suspicion; guess. Usage example: His hunch about the trouble brewing at the factory
proved right.
Haunted means:
1. Inhabited or frequented by ghosts. Usage example: The castle seemed haunted and eerie.
2. To visit frequently; go too often. Usage example: He haunted the art galleries and art studios in search
of classical art.
3. To intrude upon or recur to (the memory, thoughts, etc). Usage example: Thoughts of failure haunted
him day and night.
Hunted
1. To seek out and kill or capture (game or wild animals) for food or sport. Usage example: The royal
family often hunted wild boars.
2. Harassed and worn. Usage example: He looked hunted and worn out.
228. Haven & Heaven
Haven mans a place of safety or sanctuary; shelter. Usage example: Unrest and instability has made
Afghanistan a haven for poppy growers.
Heaven is the abode of God and the angels. Usage example: Heaven is the place of the everlasting
blessedness of the righteous.
Hay refers to grass or clover cut and dried as fodder. Usage example: The hay was spread out in the
hayloft.
Hey is an expression indicating surprise, dismay, discovery, etc, or calling for another's attention. Usage
example: Hey, what is going on at the back!
Hays are various grasses, clover, etc, cut and dried as fodder. Usage example: The farm down the road
has a good stock of a variety of hays.
1. Reduced visibility in the air as a result of condensed water vapor, dust, etc, in the atmosphere. Usage
example: The haze has different hues according to the temperature and humidity.
2. Vagueness or obscurity, as of the mind or perception; confused or vague thoughts, feelings, etc.
Usage example: Things happened in a haze after the tragedy struck.
Heal means to make healthy, whole, or sound; restore to health; free from ailment. Usage example:
Some wounds heal superficially but their pain never heals.
Heel is the back part of the human foot, below and behind the ankle. Usage example: The guards click
their heels at the time of change of guards. Heel also refers to a contemptibly dishonorable or
irresponsible person. Usage example: He behaved like a heel and left her standing at the station.
He'll is a contraction of he will. Usage example: He'll definitely go to see the movie.
Heard means to perceive by the ear. Usage example: No one has ever heard him complain about the
problems in his life.
Herd means
1. A number of animals kept, feeding, or traveling together; drove; flock. Usage example: A herd of
zebras crossed our jeep in the game park.
2. To conduct or drive (a group of people) to a destination. Usage example: The cowherd shepherded
the cows to the shed in the evening.
Hearsay means unverified, unofficial information gained or acquired from another and not part of one's
direct knowledge. Usage example: The Commission denied the use of hearsay evidence.
Heresy means an opinion or doctrine contrary to the orthodox tenets of a religious body or church.
Usage example: In the Orthodox Church, it was considered heresy to disagree with the church leaders.
Hence means:
1. from this time; from now. Usage example: They were scheduled to leave for h their holidays a month
hence.
2. From this place; from here; away. Usage example: the hospital is just a mile hence.
3. from this world or from the living. Usage example: Do not drive him hence without giving him a
hearing.
Thence means:
1. from that place, Usage example: He took her with him to Spain and thence to the Caribbean.
2. from that source. Usage example: Thence the journey to our miseries started.
Heroin is a white odorless bitter-tasting crystalline powder related to morphine. Usage example: A
highly addictive narcotic, heroin is three times more potent than morphine.
1. A woman idealized for possessing superior qualities. Usage example: She became a true heroine when
she saved the little girl from the wild dogs chasing her.
2. The main female character in a novel, play, film, etc. Usage example: The heroine went from one set
to the other daily.
2. To shape or carve from a substance. Usage example: He used a very fine chisel to hew the marble
statue.
1. a shade of a color. Usage example: Her face took on the hue of a ripe tomato.
2. Aspect; complexion. Usage example: The argument took a different hue as time progressed.
Historic means well-known or important in history. Usage example: The book contained many pictures
of historic monuments.
Historical means based on or reconstructed from an event, custom, style, etc., in the past. Usage
example: he got engrossed in reading the historical stories of Raj.
Hoard means an accumulated store hidden away for future use. Usage example: The squirrels hoarded
bits of cloth and wool for the severe winter.
1. A large group, multitude, number, etc.; a mass or crowd. Usage example: A horde of tourists landed in
the hill station during the summer months.
2. A moving pack or swarm of animals. Usage example: A horde of flies landed in the eatables.
Hoarse means gratingly harsh or raucous in tone. Usage example: His hoarse voice was audible amidst
the crowd of roaring voices.
Horse means solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times. Usage
example: The elite were visible at the annual horse race.
Hoes are any of several kinds of long-handled hand implement equipped with a light blade and used to
till the soil, eradicate weeds, etc. Usage example: Hoes and rakes were used to clean up the plants and
grass.
2. A man's garment covering the legs and reaching up to the waist; worn with a double. Usage example:
Various colors of hose were found in his wardrobe.
3. Water with a hose. Usage example: Summer time is fun time to hose the plants and get wet.
Holistic means emphasizing the organic or functional relation between parts and the whole. Usage
example: Holistic therapies are not always helpful in treating chronic diseases.
Whole means:
1. Containing all the component parts necessary to form a total; complete. Usage example: The whole
cake was finished in no time.
2. Containing all the elements properly belonging; complete. Usage example: The whole set of plates
was shipped free of cost.
3. Undivided; in one piece. Usage example: He swallowed the whole egg without blinking.
Holey means allowing passage in and out. Usage example: Due to the mountainous terrain the northern
border is very holey.
1. Saintly; godly; pious; devout. Usage example: The priest led a simple and holy life.
2. Inspiring fear, awe, or grave distress. Usage example: The matriarch when angry is a holy dragon.
Holly: any tree or shrub of the genus Ilex, having bright red berries and shiny evergreen leaves with
prickly edges. Usage example: Christmas time is holy and holly time.
Wholly means entirely; totally; altogether; quite.Usage example: Humanity, an essential quality was
wholly missing in him.
243. Hoop & Whoop
Hoop has the following meanings: 1. A rigid circular band of metal or wood. Usage example: The hoop
was made up of copper and aluminium entwined together.2. Such a band for holding together the
staves of a cask, tub, and etc.Usage example: Two people had to lift the heavy beer cask by the hoop on
the sides.
Whoop means a loud cry or shout, as of excitement or joy. Usage example: The children whooped with
joy at the name of a visit to the zoo.
Hostel refers to a supervised, inexpensive lodging place for travellers; especially, young travelers.Usage
example: Travellers often search for cheap hostels o stay in.
Hues mean a gradation or variety of a colour; tint. Usage example: The peacock on hearing the thunder
spread his wings around him in resplendent hues of blue and green.
Whose means of whom; belonging to whom; of which; belonging to which: used as a relative pronoun.
Usage example: Whose hair makes shahtoosh? Tibetan antelope.
Human means of, pertaining to, characteristic of, or having the nature of people.Usage example: To err
is a human frailty.
Humane means characterized by tenderness, compassion, and sympathy for people and animals,
especially for the suffering or distressed. Usage example: The guard was appreciated for his humane
treatment of prisoners.
Hurdle means:
1. (Athletics) one of a number of light barriers over which runners leap in certain events.Usage example:
The obstructions in the hurdle race test a person's skill and endurance.
2. To master (a difficulty, problem, etc.); overcome.Usage example: The biggest hurdle in his life was his
inability to judge people correctly.
Hurtle means:
1. To rush violently; move with great speed.Usage example: The ambulance hurtled down the main
street to save the life of the patient.
2. To move or go noisily or resoundingly, as with violent or rapid motion.Usage example: In the
avalanche, the snow hurtled down all the sides of the mountain.
Hyperbola is an open curve formed by a plane that cuts the base of a right circular cone.
Usage example: In a hyperbola the inclination of the plane to the base exceeds that to the side.
Hyperbole is an obvious and intentional exaggeration.
Usage example: An example of a hyperbole is that he would have given away his fortune for a good
night's sleep.
Hypercritical means excessively or meticulously critical; overcritical. Usage example: He was not
welcomed by his juniors as they found him hypercritical.
Hypocritical means of the nature of hypocrisy or pretense of having virtues, beliefs, principles, etc., that
one does not actually possess. Usage example: Politicians are invariably hypocritical as none of their
campaign promises are delivered after the elections.
It’s a contraction of 'it is' or 'it has'. Usage Example: It's been a month since the last time we met.
Lose is a verb which means to fail, misplace or be deprived of something. Usage Example: She lost her
wallet at the mall.
Loose is an adjective which indicates that something is ill-fitting or not firm in its place. Usage Example:
Susan was wearing a loose shirt.
Both refer to a habitual way of doing something or a repeated exercise of an activity or skill. In British
English, practise is a used as a verb and practice is a used as a noun. In American English, the word
'practice' refers to both the verb as well as noun form.
Usage example: It must have taken a lot of practice to become an expert.
Prophecy is a noun which means 'prediction of future events’. Usage example: The saint's prophecy
proved to be correct.
Prophesy is a verb which means 'to predict or foretell’. Usage example: Many seers had prophesied the
catastrophe.
Stationary refers to an immobile or fixed state of something. Usage Example: His bike collided with a
stationary car.
Stationery refers to writing and other such office materials. Usage Example: Rohan's shop offers a wide
range of kid-friendly stationery.
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