BUILDING

SERVICES 2

Fatinur Syamimi binti Hanisham

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System
List of Content

01. Introduction 02. ACMV LIST OF CONTENT

PRESENTATION
Detail of building that has been Suitable air-conditioning and
choosen. mechanical ventilation system
for the building.

03. Advantages and 04. Equipments and

Disadvantages Drawing
Detail drawing for ACMV
system for the building.
INTRODUCTION

Lets Get Started

SHOPPING MALL
What Is Shopping Mall
A large retail complex containing a variety of stores
and often restaurants and other business
establishments housed in a series of connected or
adjacent buildings or in a single large building.
AIR-CONDITIONING
AND MECHANICAL
VENTILATION
SYSTEM (ACMV)
Lets Get Started
AIR-CONDITIONING
Chilled Water Central Air Conditioning Plants

Chilled water air conditioning systems are commonly

used in applications that need large cooling capacity
such as hypermarket, industrial process and
commercial air conditioning such as offices and
factories.

This system makes use of water as its secondary

refrigerant. Chiller is used to remove heat from the
water which is then circulated through other
components to absorb heat from the space.

Water is non-corrosive, has specific heat value, fluid,

non-toxic and is cheap.
 CHILLED WATER
SYSTEM BASICS

Chillers use the refrigeration cycle to remove heat from

water.
A chilled water system’s refrigeration cycle works by
removing heat from chilled water in the evaporator of
the chiller. The compressor is what drives the entire
process. It also uses the most energy in a chilled water
system.
In the condenser of the chiller, the heat is transferred
to the condenser water, or directly to the outside air.
Chilled Water Loop
1.
The chilled water loop consists of
pipes and pumps that move chilled
water around a building. A chilled
water pump (CHWP) pushes chilled
water through the chiller and
through the chilled water line
around the building.
2.
The chilled water supply is
pumped through the chiller and
to the building’s various air
conditioning units such as air
handling units (AHUs) and fan
coil units (FCUs).
3.
In the AHUs and FCUs, the chilled water is
passed through a heat exchanging coil to
reduce the temperature of the coil.
4.
While the heat exchanging coil is cooled by
the chilled water, a fan blows air through
the coil to provide cold air to the building’s
space.
5.
After exiting the heat exchanging coil, the
chilled water return (CHWR) returns to the
chiller, where it is cooled again, and the
process repeats.
 Water Cooled Chiller

1. 3.
Water-cooled chillers are almost As some of the condenser water
always located inside of a building. evaporates, heat is removed
from the condenser water, and

2.
the cool condenser water flows
back to the chiller. This process
The condenser water flows is then repeated all over again.
through the chiller and picks up
heat. The condenser water then
returns to the cooling tower. The
cooling tower is almost always
located outside of the building
and removes heat from the
condenser water by evaporating
some of the condenser water
into the atmosphere.
ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES

Lets Get Started

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Longer Lifespan Higher Cost

Water-cooled chillers usually don’t need replacement as often as air-cooled chillers do. They Air-cooled chillers are cheaper than water-cooled chillers because they don’t
aren’t exposed to outdoor elements such as rain, snow, ice, and heat, which makes them less require parts like cooling towers and condenser water pumps. Many
vulnerable. companies feel that the longer lifespan and savings on energy costs make
water-cooled chillers worth the initial high investment.

Quiet Operation More Maintenance

While air-cooled chillers have ducts and vents that create noise, water-cooled chillers operate
Since water-cooled chillers have more parts, they require more maintenance.
quietly. The flow of water through the system doesn’t result in the same noisy expansion and
Companies should prepare to pay for periodic inspections, water treatments to
contraction that’s heard in air-cooled chillers. Quiet operation is particularly important in
environments such as hospitals and schools, where noise can cause disturbance to occupants. remove impurities, and regular cleaning of the chiller’s machinery. More

maintenance also means more downtime for the chiller.

Energy Efficiency Complicated Installation

The film coefficient is 10 to 100 times better in water-cooled chillers versus air-cooled chillers. The extra parts in water-cooled chillers also make installation more of a hassle.
This means that water-cooled chillers transfer heat more efficiently. The result to businesses is a This can mean higher labor costs for installation of water-cooled chillers as
savings on energy costs. opposed to air-cooled chillers.

Not Ideal For Drought-Stricken Areas

Safety Since they use a good amount of water, water-cooled chillers aren’t great in
Water-cooled chillers use water as a refrigerant instead of toxic chemicals. This makes regions that have water shortages. Companies that pay water costs can expect
them safer for people who have contact with them. these bills to rise with the use of a water-cooled chiller. Some drought-stricken
areas also have restrictions on water-cooled chiller use.
EQUIPMENTS AND
DRAWING

Lets Get Started

CENTRAL AIR
CONDITIONING PLANT
ROOM

Compressor
Takes in the warm refrigerant vapor and compresses it
into a denser form.

Condenser
Release heat from the refrigerant.

Thermostatic Expansion Valve

The expansion valve essentially converts the flow of liquid
refrigerant back into vapor form.

The Evaporator or The Chiller

cool the refrigerant so that it can absorb the heat.
AIR HANDLING UNIT
ROOMS

Cooling Coil
The chilled water flows through the cooling coil.

The Blower
The blower absorbs the return hot air from the air conditioned space
and blows it over the cooling coil thus cooling the air.

Air Filter
This cooled air passes over the air filter.

The Supply and Return Air Ducts

Next, it is passed by the supply air ducts into the space which is to be air
conditioned. The air handling unit and the ducts passing through it are
insulated to reduce the loss of the cooling effect.
AIR CONDITIONED
ROOMS

Supply Air Ducts

The supply air ducts supply the cool air to the room via one set of
the diffusers.

Return Air Ducts

The return air ducts absorbs the hot return air from the room by
another set of the diffusers. The hot return air enters the air handling
unit, gets cooled and again enters the room via supply duct to produce
air conditioning effect.
COOLING TOWER

The cooling tower is used to cool the water that absorbs heat
from the compressor and the condenser.

When water flows through these components some water gets

evaporated, to make up this loss some water is also added in the
cooling tower.

The cooling tower is of evaporative type. Here the water is

cooled by the atmospheric air and is re-circulated through the
compressor and the condenser.
Floorplan
Floorplan
Floorplan
Section