Name___________________________________ Date __________________________ Period ___

Practice Quiz: 16.6, 16.7 = Weak Acids; Weak Bases

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1
HZ is a weak acid. An aqueous solution of HZ is prepared by dissolving 0.020 mol of HZ in sufficient water to yield 1.0 L
of solution. The pH of the solution was 4.93 at 25.0 °C. The Ka of HZ is __________.

1)

________
A)
6.9 × 10 – 9
B)
2.8 × 10 – 12
C)
9.9 × 10 – 2
D)
– 10
1.4 × 10
E)
1.2 × 10 – 5

2
A 0.15 M aqueous solution of the weak acid HA at 25.0 °C has a pH of 5.35. The value of Ka for HA is __________.

2)

________
A)
–5
1.8 × 10
B)
–9
7.1 × 10
C)
3.0 × 10 – 5
D)
1.4 × 10 – 10
E)
4
3.3 × 10

3
The Ka of hypochlorous acid (HClO) is 3.00 x 10 – 8 . What is the pH at 25.0 °C of an aqueous solution that is 0.0200 M in
HClO?

3)

________
A)
+2.45

1
 B)
-2.45
C)
-9.22
D)
+9.22
E)
+4.61

4
The Ka of hydrazoic acid (HN3) is 1.9 × 10 – 5at 25.0 °C. What is the pH of a 0.35 M aqueous solution of HN3?

4)

________
A)
2.6
B)
11
C)
2.4
D)
5.2
E)
-2.4

5
The acid-dissociation constants of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) are Ka1 = 7.5 ×10 – 3, Ka2 = 6.2 x 10 – 8 , and Ka3 = 4.2 x 10 – 13 at 25.0
°C. What is the pH of a 2.5 M aqueous solution of phosphoric acid?

5)

________
A)
0.13
B)
0.40
C)
2.5
D)
0.87
E)
1.8

2
The acid-dissociation constant for chlorous acid, HClO2, at 25.0 °C is 1.0 × 10-2. Calculate the concentration of H+ if the
initial concentration of acid is 0.10 M.

6)

________
A)
1.0 × 10-2
B)
3.2 × 10-2
C)
3.7 × 10-2
D)
2.7 × 10-2
E)
1.0 × 10-3

7
Calculate the pH of a 0.500 M aqueous solution of NH3. The Kb of NH3 is 1.77 x 10 – 5 .

7)

________
A)
2.52
B)
3.01
C)
11.5
D)
8.95
E)
5.05

8
An aqueous solution contains 0.050 M of methylamine. The concentration of hydroxide ion in this solution is ________M.
Kb for methylamine is 4.4 × 10-4.

8)

________
A)
4.5 × 10-3
B)
4.7 × 10-3
C)
0.050
D)
3
2.2 × 10-5
E)
- 4.9 × 10-3

9
Of the following, __________ is a weak acid.

9)

________
A)
HF
B)
HNO3
C)
HBr
D)
HClO4
E)
HCl

1
Of the acids in the table below, __________ is the strongest acid.

10)

______
A)
HCHO2
B)
HClO
C)
HOAc and HCHO2
D)
HF
E)
HOAc

1
Which one of the following is a Br∅nsted-Lowry acid?

11)

4
______
A)
HF
B)
HNO2
C)
CH3COOH
D)
(CH3)3NH+
E)
all of the above

1
Classify the following compounds as weak acids (W) or strong acids (S):

nitrous acid hydrochloric acid hydrofluoric acid

12)

______
A)
WSW
B)
S S S
C)
WWW
D)
SWW
E)
WSS

1
Ammonia is a __________.

13)

______
A)
strong base
B)
weak base
C)
salt
D)
strong acid
E)
weak acid

1
Classify the following compounds as weak bases (W) or strong bases (S):
5
 ammonia flouride ion sodium hydroxide

14)

______
A)
WWS
B)
WS S
C)
SWW
D)
SSS
E)
WSW

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

1
o
A solution of acetic acid is 2.0% dissociated at 25.0 C. What was the original concentration (in M) of the acetic acid
solution? The Ka at 25.0 oC for acetic acid is
1.8 ×10-5.
15)

______________

1
o
A solution of formic acid is 3.0% dissociated at 25.0 C. What is the original concentration (in M) of the formic acid
solution? The Ka at 25.0 oC for formic acid is 1.8 × 10-4.

16)

______________

1
o
A solution of ammonia is 2.0% dissociated at 25.0 C. What was the original concentration ( in M) of the ammonia
solution? The Kb at 25.0 oC for ammonia is
1.8 × 10-5.
17)

______________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1
The base-dissociation constant of ethylamine (C2H5NH2) is 6.4 × 10 – 4 at 25.0 °C. The of [H+] in a 1.6 x 10 – 2 M solution of
ethylamine is _______ M.
6
18)

______
A)
2.9 ×10 – 3
B)
11.46
C)
–3
3.2 × 10
D)
3.1 × 10 – 12
E)
3.5 × 10 – 12

16.6, 16.7 Extended Response Section

19) Write the chemical equation and the Ka expression for the ionization of the acid HBrO2 in aqueous solution.
First show the reaction with H+ (aq) as a product and then with hydronium ion.

20) Lactic acid (HC3H5O3) has one acidic hydrogen. a 0.10 M solution of lactic acid has a pH of 2.44. Calculate Ka.

21) A 0.100 M solution of chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH) is 11.0 % ionized. Using this information, calculate
[ClCH2COO– ], [H+], [ClCH2COOH], and Ka for chloroacetic acid.

22) A particular sample of vinegar has a pH of 2.90. Assuming that acetic acid is the only acid that vinegar
contains (Ka = 1.8 x 10 – 5 ), calculate the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar.

23) Calculate the pH of the following solutions (Ka and Kb are given in Appendix D):

a) 0.095 M propionic acid (HC3H5O2)

b) 0.100M hydrogen chromate ion (HCrO4 – )

24) Calculate the percent ionization of hydrazoic acid (HN3) in solutions of each of the following concentrations
(Ka is given in Appendix D):

a) 0.400 M

b) 0.0400 M

25) What is the essential structural feature of all Brønsted-Lowry bases?

26) Write the chemical equation and the Kb expression for the ionization of each of the following bases in aqueous
solution:

a) dimethylamine, (CH3)2NH

b) carbonate ion

27) Calculate the molar concentration of OH – ions in a 1.15 M solution of hypobromite ion, BrO – .
(Kb = 4.0 x 10 – 6 ) What is the pH of this solution?

7
16.6, 16.7 Practice Test Answer Ke
y1)

8
A
2)

9
D
3)

10
E
4)

11
A
5)

12
D
6)

13
D
7)

14
C
8)

15
A
9)

16
A
10)

17
D
11)

18
E
12)

19
A
13)

20
B
14)

21
A
15)

22
0.045

16)

23
0.20
17)

24
0.045

18) E

[BrO2 – ] [H+]
– +
19) HBrO2 (aq) BrO2 (aq) + H (aq) Ka =
[HBrO2]

[BrO2 – ] [H3O +]
HBrO2 (aq) + H2O (l) BrO2 – (aq) + H3O + (aq) Ka =
[HBrO2]

[C3H5O3 – ][ H+ ]
20) HC3H5O3 (aq) C3H5O3 – (aq) + H+ (aq) Ka =
[HC3H5O3]

pH = – log [H+] → 2.44 = – log [H+] → 10 – 2.44 = [H+] → [H+] = 0.0036 M

(0.0036 M)2 1.3 x 10 – 5

Ka = → = 1.35 x 10 → = 1.4 x 10 – 4 = Ka
(0.10 M – 0.0036 M) 0.0964

[ClCH2COO – ][ H+ ]
21) ClCH2COOH (aq) ClCH2COO – (aq) + H+ (aq) Ka =
[ClCH2COOH ]

0.100 M x 11% = 0.0110 M = [ClCH2COO – ] and [ H+ ]

(0.0110 M)2 1.21 x 10 – 4

Ka → = 0.00135955 = 1.4 x 10 – 3 = Ka
(0.100 M – 0.0110 M) 0.089

16.6, 16.7 Practice Test Answer Key CONTINUED:

[C2H3O2 – ] [H+ ]
– +
22) HC2H3O2 (aq) C2H3O2 (aq) + H (aq) Ka =
[HC2H3O2]

pH = – log [H+] → 2.90 = – log [H+] → 10 – 2.90 = [H+] → 0.00126 = [H+]

(0.00126 M)2 1.59 x 10 – 6

–5 –5
1.8 x 10 = → 1.8 x 10 = = 0.089 M = X
(X – 0.00126 M) (X – 0.00126 M)

0.089 M – 0.00126 M = 0.088 M = [HC2H3O2]

[C3H5O2 - ][ H+ ] X2

25
23) a) HC3H5O2 C3H5O2 - (aq) + H+ (aq) Ka = → 1.3 x 10 – 5 =
[HC3H5O2] (0.095 M – X )

ignore this value for X, it will be so small

it will not make any difference to the math

X2
≈ 1.3 x 10 – 5 = → X = 0.0011 M = [H+]
0.095 M

pH = – log [H+] → pH = – log (0.0011 M) → 2.9586 = 2.95 = pH (obscure rounding rule!)

[HCrO4 - ] [H+ ] X2
- +
b) H2CrO4 HCrO4 (aq) + H (aq) Ka = → 3.0 x 10 –7
=
[H2CrO4] 0.100 M – X

ignore this value for X, it will be so small

it will not make any difference to the math

X2
–7
≈ 3.0 x 10 = → X = 1.7 x 10 – 4 M = [H+]
0.100 M

pH = – log [H+] → pH = – log (1.7 x 10 – 4 M) → 3.76955 = 3.77 = pH

16.6, 16.7 Practice Test Answer Key CONTINUED:

[N3 –] [H+] X2
24) a) HN3 (aq) N3 – (aq) + H+ (aq) Ka = → 1.9 x 10 – 5 =
[HN3] (0.400 M – X)

ignore this value for X, it will be so small

it will not make any difference to the math

X2
≈ 1.9 x 10 –5
= → X = 0.0028 M = [H+] and [N3 –]
0.400 M

0.0028 M
x 100 = 0.70 % ionization
26
 0.400 M

[N3 –] [H+] X2
– +
b) HN3 (aq) N3 (aq) + H (aq) Ka = → 1.9 x 10 –5
=
[HN3] (0.0400 M – X)

ignore this value for X, it will be so small

it will not make any difference to the math

X2
≈ 1.9 x 10 – 5 = → X = 8.7 x 10 – 4 M = [H+] and [N3 –]
0.0400 M

8.7 x 10 – 4 M
x 100 = 2.2 % ionization
0.0400 M

(Notice that a tenfold dilution from a) to b) leads to a slightly more than threefold increase in percent ionization.)

25) All Brønsted-Lowry bases contain at least one unshared (lone) pair of electrons to attract H+.

[(CH3)2NH2+] [OH – ]
26) a) (CH3)2NH (aq) + H2O (l) (CH3)2NH2+ (aq) + OH – (aq) Kb =
[(CH3)2NH]

[HCO3 –] [OH – ]
–2 – –
b) CO3 (aq) + H2O (l) HCO3 (aq) + OH (aq) Kb =
[CO3 – 2]
16.6, 16.7 Practice Test Answer Key CONTINUED:

[HBrO] [OH – ]
27) BrO – (aq) + H2O (l) HBrO (aq) + OH – (aq) Kb =
[BrO –]

X2 X2
–6 –6
→ 4.0 x 10 = ≈ 4.0 x 10 = → X = 0.0021 M = [OH – ]
1.15 M – X 1.15 M

Kw = [H+] [OH – ] → 1 x 10 – 14 = [H+] (0.0021 M) → [H+] = 4.8 x 10 – 12 M

pH = – log [H+] → pH = – log (4.8 x 10 – 12 ) = 11.31876 = 11.32 = pH

27
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