FLORES, LANZE GABREILL D.

BSCE – 4B

LEARNING PACKET 1, STUDENT TASK – CMPM

I. LEARNING ABOUT THE VIDEOS

The topic from the first set of videos emphasized information about the

Construction Life Cycle. The cycle starts with the Initiation process (1). This involves the

preparation of the contract with some other primary documents that would ensure

timely proceedings of the project. Contractors must handle their contracts and

obligations, and should be skilled because knowledge without skill would still be a

failure in the implementation and project management. If in any case a contractor

becomes incompetent, they would receive a penalty, which is already a huge alarm

to the project. The Planning process (2) follows, which consider the construction

schedule, manpower schedule, procurement schedule, tool and equipment

schedule, and cashflow projection. Additionally, there is the Safety Management

System, which is a systematic method of managing safety and includes the required

organizational frameworks, accountability frameworks, policies, and procedures.

Next is the Execution, Control and Monitoring (3). In this stage, I realized that the

Project Kickoff Meeting is the most important tool for success. I also learned that

Quality Project Management is a very important element as it ensures safety and

avoid reworks. As a contractor and part of the management team, project reports

should be prepared such as Daily Activity Report, Dashboard Report, Issues &

Concerns, Manpower, and other necessaries. After which is Project Close-out and

Turn-over (4), this time the activities are documentary inventory (equipment-related),

financial closeout to the proponents, turnover of documents along with the letter of
turnover and punchlist concerning the overall quality inspection. Then it ends with the

Project Acceptance Review (5), a method intended to verify and review if the

project meets the standards and objectives. With all the aforementioned processes

employed correctly, timely completion and integrity of the project will be achieved.

The next set of videos was about how bidding works and the requirements

needed. I learned that Construction bidding is the procedure whereby the

contractor submits a proposal to the client as a means of carrying out or managing

a specific construction project. Moreover, if we are already assigned to administer

the bidding, there are important documents needed to be handed. Those are the

Specification, Scope of Work, Plans and Drawings, and Bill of Quantities.

Then, the succeeding videos mentioned about Construction Contracts. I have

understood that Contracts are legally binding promise or agreement between

parties. There were two Contract Stages. First is the Contract Formation, wherein the

procurement process takes place. Then it is followed with Contract Administration, in

which service providers completes works and buyer pays the agreed price. Hence,

being able to understand the contents of such agreements and utilizing them

effectively is critical to the success of an engineering project.

On the last set of videos, the main idea revolves with the Construction Project

Organization. An organization is a group of people working together effectively and

willingly toward a common objective. The structural elements of an organization

involve men, materials, machine, methods, and money. A good organization

embodies principle of objective, analysis, simplicity, functionalism,

departmentalization, centralization of authority and responsibility, and limited span

of control. Organizational structures, however, may vary depending on the size and

scope of the project, but nonetheless, the collaboration of everyone is the most

important.

II. STUDENT TASK

1. Phases of the Construction Project Cycle:

• Conceptual design. It is an essential component of any construction project

where the general goal is to determine how the project/structure will look

like and function. Activities in this phase involves understanding the client's

requirements, anticipate and solve potential problems, and innovate the

design throughout the process.

• Schematic design. This stage will offer us a visualization of the early project

features and rough estimate. Specifically, the project team will determine

the scale and dimensions to produce basic design ideas for site plan, floor

plan, elevations and other.

• Design development. The schematic plans and elevations are reviewed,

revised, and expanded to incorporate all of the details and specifications

required by the construction building codes. Issues that affect

constructability or are critical to meeting the project program frequently

arise in this phase, imposing changes to the project program, the budget,

or both.

• Construction. This phase is focused on the physical building process. At this

point, the client has already secured the permits, hired contractor, and
 approved final plans. Here, you also perform safety and quality control,

maintain the project on schedule, and keep the clients updated.

• Testing, commissioning, and handover. The testing and commissioning are

normally done to prove the quality and workmanship of the build, and to

check if the systems installed are functional. Then finally the project will be

handed off to the client knowing that everything has already been

completed. Key activities in this final phase also includes ensuring that all

equipment rentals have been returned; final walk-through with the client;

and post-project assessment.

2. Common Documents needed in a Bid Package

• Specifications – these are the standards, qualities and conditions which must

be met before a contract to purchase will be awarded.

• Scope of Work – is a document that specifies the activities that will take place

during the construction project. It describes the objectives, milestones,

deliverables, and outcomes of a project as part of the contract documents.

• Plans or Drawings – these include the floor plans, elevations, sections, and

detail drawings, in accordance with the building codes that together provide

a complete design representation of the project.

• Bill of Quantities – it is a document that defines the quality and quantity of

work that must be completed by the contractor in order to complete a

project. It is a pricing document that is detailed and itemized. It is a reflection

of the work to be done derived from the design team's drawings,

specifications, and any other relevant documentation.

3. Difference between Request for Proposal and Request for Qualification

• A request for proposal (RFP) is a necessary document to use when asking

construction managers to submit proposals for your project. You can use

this method to find out if they possess the skills, knowledge, materials, and

creativity needed to carry out your project. On the other hand, when there

is a high likelihood of significant interest in a specific contract opportunity,

a request for qualification (RFQ) process can be used to pre-qualify

potential bidders who will then compete for the opportunity at the RFP

stage.
4. Illustrate the Logic Flow Process for Construction Phase and briefly describe each

phase
A. Precontract. This is where the project's initiation takes place. It involves the

preparation of the contract along with some other important primary

documents that would guarantee the project's timely progress.

B. Concept Design. The goal is to develop a solid idea and working design that

will determine the overall direction of the project. With that, you’ll have a solid

foundation upon which to build the rest of your project.

C. Schematic Design. This process will provide us with a visual representation of

the early project features. The project consultant will then let the clients review

if it still within their ideals.

D. Detailed Design. In this stage, the building plan details are already outlined.

This occurs after a schematic design has been chosen, but before finalized

construction documents are produced. The tender documents are also

prepared along with the selection of the contractor.

E. Construction. This phase is where the actual site work activity will start knowing

that permits were finally secured, and the full and complete plan has been

already finalized. Additionally, you keep the clients informed, maintain project

timeliness, and perform safety and quality control here.

F. Testing, commissioning, and handover. This is where testing and commissioning

are supervised to show the quality and workmanship of the works done and to

determine whether the installed systems are operational. Then it will follow

project evaluation and turn-over of documents to the client.

G. Project Complete. In a successful project completion, clients are satisfied,

criteria have been met and objectives have been fulfilled.

5. Illustrate the Contract Award Process and briefly describe each process.

• Phase 1: Identification of the objectives. This involve identifying the needs

of the public, finding strategic objectives, and analyzing local constraints.

• Phase II: Determination of characteristics and requirements for services. This

is where we prepare the service design and set the technical conditions

needed.

• Phase III: Choice of Evaluation Criteria. The types and kinds of individual

evaluation criteria plays a major role in this phase.

• Phase IV: Developing contract framework conditions. This time it is

important to take note of the risk allocation, scope of the contract, the

contract period and payment structure.

• Phase V. Method of contract award. This is where the actual award contract

occurs. Competitive tendering also occurs on this phase.

• Phase VI. Monitoring during the contract period. On this phase, monitoring

systems are tightened and incentives are taken into account.

6. Contract Management Processes/Activities typically involved in Construction

Contract Management

• Request/Initiation. This is the ability for users of an organization to request a

new contract or a review of an existing contract. Depending on the

situation, this request could be routed to procurement and/or legal,

creating a centralized location for reviewing and processing requests.

• Contract creation and Authoring. The process of putting together a

contract utilizing pre-existing, approved terms, and templates along with a

set of business rules is known as contract development and authorship. This

self-service option enhances the speed and effectiveness of the contract

cycle time by enabling users to autonomously draft contracts within the

constraints established by the legal team.

• Contract Negotiation and Review. After sharing the contract with the

opposite party, the negotiating and redlining process can start. The

capacity to work cooperatively with both internal users and the third party

is essential at this stage.

• Contract Approval and Execution. By ensuring that everyone who needs to

review and approve participates, approval workflows keep the process

moving quickly and effectively. E-signature contract execution ensures a

smooth conclusion to the procedure.

• Contract Performance and Analytics. As regulations change or business

evolves, it's crucial to evaluate risk at every stage of a contract's lifecycle.

 Some contracts may need to be modified to take into account the new

environment.

• Contract Amendment. Whether we like it or not, the lifecycle of a contract

includes amendments. Things change from the initial contract, and

amendments must be handled quickly without jeopardizing the procedure

or the set rules.

• Contract Expiry or Renewal. Having visibility into which contracts are going

to expire or renew via automatic alerts and notifications can assist legal

teams prioritize their time greatly.

7. The Three Types of Specifications

• Design Specifications – it is a document that describes the design

requirements of a certain project.

• Performance Specifications – it is a document that specifies the operational

requirements of a component or installation.

• Functional Specifications – it essentially tells developers what features to

build and why. It also assists all parties involved in the process in resolving

their frequently diverging perspectives by focusing on a set of goals.

8. The different types of Legal Structure, their differences with their Pros and Cons

➢ Sole Proprietorship – is an unincorporated business with a single owner who

pays personal income tax on the business's profits.

▪ Pros

- No must cost to start

- Easy to maintain
 ▪ Cons

- You are personally liable for anything that goes wrong with the

company.

- No tax benefits

- Unless you run a legally registered business, clients and customers

may perceive you as unprofessional.

➢ Partnership – it is a legal relationship formed by two or more individuals

agreeing to operate a business as co-owners.

▪ Pros

- It is relatively simple to form a partnership with your state.

- May offer liability protections

▪ Cons

- Depending on the specific business structure and operations,

partnerships may not shield all personal liability

- More complex tax requirements

➢ Limited Liability Company – is defined as a business entity that has the

limited liability benefits of a corporation but the management and tax

flexibility of a partnership.

▪ Pros

- Protection from liability for one or more owners

- Choose between pass-through taxation and S Corp taxation

based on which is more advantageous to the owner's finances

- Potential for major tax savings

 ▪ Cons

- LLCs require government forms and fees to establish and

maintain.

- More complex tax requirements

➢ Corporation – a separate legal entity governed by a board of directors and

owned by shareholders. There are two classifications, the C and S

Corporation.

▪ Pros

- S Corp and C Corp owners are shareholders and have more legal

protection if the business is run properly

- The corporation can enter into contracts and conduct business

as its own legal entity

▪ Cons

- Corporations typically necessitate more time and money to

establish and maintain.

- Corporations must hold annual meetings, appoint a board of

directors, and follow other state-mandated regulations