FLORES, LANZE GABREILL D.

BSCE – 4B

LEARNING PACKET 2, STUDENT TASK – CMPM

I. LEARNING ABOUT THE VIDEOS

The first set of videos were all about PERT/CPM with the network diagram associated with it. Project Evaluation and Review Technique

(PERT) is A network analysis technique used to estimate project duration when there is a high degree of uncertainty about the individual activity

duration. While CPM is a technique which mainly deals about the determination of the project’s critical path. Initially, I thought that PERT/CPM

are two alternate techniques to be used, but after watching the videos I learned that we do not have to choose between the two them, instead

we should incorporate both of them so that our planning and scheduling would be more efficient. For the network diagrams, Activity on Arrow

(AOA) is usually associated with PERT, while AON is typically linked with CPM. It's difficult to finish a project on time and on budget. A project's

time and cost estimates are largely dependent on project planning and scheduling. To put it more precisely, a schedule or timetable is necessary

in order to be able to estimate the duration and cost of each individual activity.

The second set of videos talked about the Bill of Quantities (BOQ)/Quantity Surveying. The BOQ is a tendering document used in the

construction industry, and it lists the costs of the materials, parts, and labor. Estimating and preparing the itemized list or bill of materials required

for a project to be built, added, repaired, remodeled, or renovated is an integral and no less important part of an architect's or engineer's

professional services to his clients. Those in the architectural, engineering, and construction professions are aware that this phase of our work

entails a great deal of analysis and time-consuming computation work. The video contains the entire cost estimating process. The technique is
used to group the project's expenses into categories and gather all necessary outlays. The first step in the cost estimation process is determining

the scope of the project. The second stage involves creating the delivery strategy, and the third is when the project's costs are estimated. After

completing the three steps, it is crucial to summarize the estimates in order to identify which cost factors can be changed to produce successful

results.

In the last set of videos, I learned that in Value Engineering, we need to be creative and be a team-based professional. Moreover, value

engineering involves analyzing the current design in order to reduce costs without compromising quality. It focuses on enhancing the utility of

the operations necessary to achieve the objective or goal. A more precise definition is that value engineering maximizes functionality while

minimizing costs without compromising the quality and effectiveness of the original design it is very important to learn about Value Engineering

as it drives us to the substitution of materials and methods with less expensive alternatives without sacrificing the quality and functionality. With

the help of these videos, I was able to build a solid base of knowledge about the Project Planning and Scheduling. As soon as I move forward

with my journey, I will remember these inputs and learnings so that when every construction opportunity comes, I will be guided all throughout.
II. STUDENT TASK

1. Enumerate the common construction project requirements. Briefly describe each requirement.

• Money. Because it is used to acquire or hire other resources, money is the most important and all-purpose resource. Money is used in

agencies to generate more money in the form of profits or surplus. A construction company or firm needs money in the form of fixed

capital and working capital.

• Manpower. In the construction industry, manpower refers to the labor force dedicated to building constructions such as planning,

erecting, and modeling buildings. Manpower planning is critical because it is the key to putting the right people in the right jobs at the

right time.

• Materials. A building material is any material used for construction, such as materials for house construction. The most common building

materials used in construction are wood, cement, aggregates, metals, bricks, concrete, and clay. These were chosen based on their

cost effectiveness in building projects.

• Machinery. Survey equipment, earth-moving equipment, heavy machinery, and other tools are used by civil engineers to make their

jobs more comfortable and efficient. The use of modern machinery helps to reduce costs while also improving output quality. The

structures they build and design would be unsafe without the heavy equipment they use.

• Methods. Construction methods are methods developed in the construction industry with proper planning and design to reduce

construction time, cost, and overall sustainability.

2. Submit an example of construction planning and scheduling. Briefly describe the construction planning and scheduling that used (AOA) &

(AON)

• Activity on Arrow (AOA). The activity on arrow (AOA) technique is a project management tool that is used to map and schedule activities

such as tasks or events. Project managers use circles, known as nodes, to represent each project activity. Each node contains sections

indicating the earliest and latest event start times.

• Activity on Node (AON)A precedence diagramming method that uses nodes to denote schedule activities is referred to as activity-on-

node in project management. These various nodes are connected with arrows from start to finish to represent a logical progression of the

dependencies between the scheduled activities. Each node is coded with a letter or number that corresponds to a project activity on

the schedule.
➢ Example, Activity on Arrow

➢ Example, Activity on Node

The project's duration is limited by the longest path (ABCEFJLN) (the project cannot be completed in less time than its longest path).
➢ Example, Activity on Node

The project's duration is limited by the longest path (ABDEGIJK) (the project cannot be completed in less time than its longest path).
3.
Critical Path: ABEGIKLOP = 112 days

𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 (𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑑) = 112(120) = 13 440

Since it requires to be only 102 days, the set of activities needs to be crashed.
 Crashed to 102 days in Activity H from 20 days to 12 days and Activity I from 24 days to 14 days.

𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 (𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑑) = 102(120) + 8(50) + 10(65) = 13 290

According to the AOA diagram, we can make it more cost-effective if we crash Activity I, which was on the critical path, and Activity

H, which would complete the set of activities with the necessary number of days. We can reduce the overall cost of the work by 150 over the

average time.
4.
 Crash Normal
ACTIVITY Cost per day EF - Early Slack
ES - Early Start LS – Late Start LF – Late Finish
Finish
A 300 0 7 0 7 0
B 500 7 12 7 12 0
C 425 12 21 12 21 0
D 200 12 31 12 35 3
E 150 12 22 13 33 1
F 250 21 29 21 29 0
G N/A 29 34 29 34 0
H 550 22 33 23 34 1
I 200 24 41 34 41 0

Paths Duration
ABCFGI 41
ABDI 38
ABEHI 40

Paths Duration
ABCFGI 41
ABDI 38
ABEHI 40
 Paths Duration
ABCFGI 34
ABDI 34
ABEHI 34

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 44 550

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑟𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 1(300) + 2(500) +1(425) +1(150) +2(250) +1(550) +1(200) =3125

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 + 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑟𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 + 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐼𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 44 550 + 3125 + 500(34) = 64 675

5.

Critical Path: AFLMCDI= 73 days (duration)

 COST SLOPE TOTAL NORMAL
ACTIVITY NORMAL DURATION CRASH DURATION TOTAL CRASH COST
LE/DAY COST
A 200 7 1400 5 1000
B 450 9 4050 9 4050
C 400 8 3200 7 2800
D 100 11 1100 6 600
E 400 9 3600 9 3600
F 500 8 4000 8 4000
G 200 7 1400 7 1400
H 200 6 1200 6 1200
I 200 12 2400 12 2400
J 600 10 6000 10 6000
K 350 14 4900 14 4900
L 700 18 12600 18 12600
M 550 9 4950 9 4950
N 200 12 2400 12 2400
TOTAL 53200 51900

The Normal Critical Path in the provided data is 73 days. Activity A is shortened from seven days to five days, also C from eight days to

seven days, and D from eleven days to six days in order to bring those days down to 65. The crashed path is 1,300 less expensive overall than

the standard path.