2021 JC2 H1 Chemistry Prelim Anderson Serangoon Junior College With Answer PDF

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ANDERSON SERANGOON JUNIOR COLLEGE
2021 JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
H1 CHEMISTRY 8873/01
Paper 1 Multiple Choice 22 September 2021
1 hour
Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
Data Booklet
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write in soft pencil.

Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
Write your name and class on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided.
There are thirty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four
possible answers A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer
Sheet.
Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.
Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where appropriate.
Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
Write your name, class and NRIC / FIN number, including the reference letter.
Shade the NRIC / FIN number.
Exam Title: JC2 Preliminary Exam
Exam Details: H1 Chemistry / Paper 1
Date: 22/09/2021
This document consists of 14 printed pages and 2 blank pages.
ASRJC JC2 PRELIM 2021 8873/01/H1 [Turn over

2
1 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.
Neon exists as three isotopes, 20Ne, 21Ne and 22Ne.
How many neutrons are present in a neon atom of the most abundant isotope?
A 10 B 11 C 12 D 20
2 Carbon disulfide, CS2, is a poisonous, volatile liquid used in the manufacture of viscose
rayon and cellophane. It reacts with nitrogen monoxide, NO, to form a yellow solid and
equal volumes of two gaseous products.
What are the products of the reaction?
A S, CO, N2
B S, CO, NO2
C S, CO2, N2
D S, CO2, NO2
How many hydrogen atoms are present in 4.5 g of butanone?
[L = Avogadro constant]
L L
A 72L B L C D
2 16
4 A 10 cm3 gaseous sample of butanethiol, CH3(CH2)3SH, was sparked in 100 cm3 of oxygen
to produce carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and water. After cooling to room temperature, the
residual gas mixture was passed through aqueous potassium hydroxide.
What is the final volume of the resultant gas at room temperature and pressure after passing
through the alkali?
A 25 cm3 B 35 cm3 C 50 cm3 D 75 cm3
ASRJC JC2 PRELIM 2021 8873/01/H1

3
5 Paramagnetism is a relatively weak magnetic force produced by unpaired electrons. It is

only detectable in the presence of external magnetic field. The strength of the force is directly
proportional to the number of unpaired electrons in an atom or ion.
Which atom has the greatest paramagnetism?
A magnesium B silicon C phosphorus D sulfur
6 Which species has the biggest bond angle?
A CO32 B SF6 C NH4+ D OCl2
7 Which of the following shows the correct response for the presence (indicated by ✓) or
absence (indicated by x) of hydrogen bonds in the substances?
NH3(l) NH4Cl(s) CH3CONH2(l)
A ✓ ✓ ✓
B ✓ x ✓
C x ✓ x
D ✓ x x
8 Which types of bonding are present in lithium aluminum hydride, LiAlH4?
1 co–ordinate (dative covalent)

2 ionic
3 metallic
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

4
9 A 25 cm3 solution containing of 0.20 mol dm3 Ti+ required 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm3 acidified
KMnO4 to oxidise it to Ti3+ in solution.
What is the oxidation state of the manganese in the reduced form?
A +2 B +3 C +4 D +7
10 Sodium, silicon, sulfur and chlorine are elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table.
Which of the following statements about these elements are true?
1 Sodium oxide has a giant lattice of ions.

2 Oxides of sulfur dissolve in water to form a solution that turns litmus red.
3 The chlorides of silicon have a higher melting point than that of oxides of silicon.
4 Sulfur exists as a yellowish gas as it has lower melting point than chlorine.
A 1 and 2 only
B 1, 2 and 3 only
C 2 and 4 only
D 1, 3 and 4 only
11 Which diagram represents the change in ionic radius of the ions of the element across the
third period (Na to Cl)?
A B
C D

5
12 The dissociation constant, Kw, for the ionisation of water, 2H2O H3O+ + OH, at
different temperatures is given below.
temperature / C Kw / mol2 dm6
0 1.15  1015
25 1.00  1014
50 5.50  1014
What can be deduced from this information?

A [H+] and [OH] are equal at 25 oC only.
B The equilibrium lies more to the left as temperature increases.
C The [H+] increases while the [OH] decreases as temperature increases.
D The pH of water at 50 C is 6.6.
13 A solution was made by mixing 0.002 mol of HNO3(aq) and 0.003 mol of Ba(OH)2(aq). Water
was added until the volume of the solution was 1 dm3.
What is the pH of the solution?
A 2.7 B 11.0 C 11.4 D 11.6
14 Which set of solutions of equal volume when mixed will give an acidic buffer?
1 0.05 mol dm–3 HCl and 0.10 mol dm–3 CH3CO2Na

2 0.10 mol dm–3 CH3CO2H and 0.10 mol dm–3 NaOH
3 0.10 mol dm–3 H2SO4 and 0.05 mol dm–3 Ca(OH)2
A 1 only
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D All

6
15 Xenon enhanced CT scanning is an easy and non–invasive method in which patients inhale
the stable (131Xe) gas while CT images are made. The CT scan is used in the study of
pulmonary function and organ blood flow.
Xenon–131 is a radioactive isotope and it has a half–life of 11.8 days.
Given that radioactive decay is a first–order reaction, what fraction of the isotope has
reacted after 59 days?
A 0.0313 B 0.125 C 0.937 D 0.969
16 To monitor the kinetics of a reaction between S and T, two experiments were conducted to
monitor the concentration of S over time with different concentrations of T. The graph below
shows the results obtained.
[S] / moldm–3
0.20
[T] = 1.0 moldm–3

0.10
[T] = 0.5 moldm–3
time / min
5 20
What is the rate equation for the reaction between S and T?
A rate = k [S]
B rate = k [T]2
C rate = k [T][S]
D rate = k [T]

7
17 The rate of a reaction is measured in mol dm–3 min–1.
Which row is correct?
Overall order of reaction Units of the rate constant
A zero mol1 dm3 min1
B first s1
C second mol1 dm3 min1
D third mol3 dm9 min1
18 A sample of nitrogen monoxide gas is maintained at a constant temperature of 500 K.
A dynamic equilibrium is established with nitrogen, oxygen and nitrogen monoxide all
present.
N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g)
Which statement describes this situation?
A At equilibrium, there are more NO gas present than N2 and O2 gas.
B When pressure of reaction is reduced, more NO gas is produced.
C Adding more NO gas after equilibrium has been established will shift position of
equilibrium to the right.
D At equilibrium, NO is formed at the same rate as it decomposes.
19 Given that the following reversible reaction take place at T oC,
2X+Y Z ∆H = positive
Which of the following factor affects the Kc value?
A Decrease in temperature.
B Addition of suitable catalyst.
C Increase in the concentration of X.
D Addition of water

8
20 For which of the following reaction is the enthalpy change of reaction endothermic?
1 H2SO4(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq)  Na2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)

2 Cl2(g)  2 Cl(g)
3 Mg(g)  Mg+(g) + e–
4 C(s) + O2(g)  CO2(g)
A 1 and 4 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 3 and 4 only
D 2, 3 and 4 only
21 Which compound has the most negative lattice energy?
A Rubidium fluoride
B Rubidium oxide
C Potassium fluoride
D Potassium oxide

9
22 A student conducted an experiment to determine the enthalpy change of solution of MgSO 4

in water. 1 mol of solid MgSO4 was added to 100 g of water at 2 min. The changes in the
temperature of the solution was monitored over a period of time.
Using the data obtained from the experiment, the following graph was obtained.
36.8 oC
35.6 oC
What is the enthalpy change of solution of MgSO4 based on the data obtained from the
experiment?
The specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J g–1 K–1.
A 100  4.18  (36.8 – 26.0)
B 100  4.18  (26.0 – 36.8)
C 100  4.18  (35.6 – 26.0)
D 100  4.18  (26.0 – 35.6)

10
23 Rosmarinic acid occurs in culinary herbs such as rosemary, sage and thyme.
OH
O OH OH
O
HO
OH
rosmarinic acid
Which of the functional group is not present in rosmarinic acid?
A ester B alcohol
C carboxylic acid D alkene
24 Mevastatin belongs to the statin group of drugs that are used to lower cholesterol levels in
humans.
O O
HO O
What is the molecular formula of the compound?
A C23H34O5 B C23H31O5 C C22H27O5 D C22H23O5

11
25 How many cis–trans isomers are present in this molecule?
OH
A 2 B 3 C 4 D 8
26 The carboxylic acid shown below can be produced by oxidation of an alcohol.
OH
Which alcohol can be oxidised to produce this carboxylic acid when heated under reflux in
the presence of an oxidising agent?
A 2–methylpropan–2–ol
B 2–methylpropan–1–ol
C 2–methylbutan–1–ol
D butan–1–ol

12
27 Ethyl propanoate is refluxed with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The alcohol produced is then
reacted with methylpropanoic acid to make a second ester.
CH3CHCO2H
CH3
methylpropanoic acid
What is the structural formula of this second ester?
O
A CH3 CH2 O C CH CH3
CH3
O
B CH3 C O CH2 CH CH3
CH3
O
C CH3 CH2 CH2 O C CH CH3
CH3
O
D CH3 CH2 C O CH2 CH CH3
CH3

13
28 Carvone is responsible for the odour of spearmint.
carvone
Which reagent and conditions, when added to carvone, would give observable changes?
A Hot acidified potassium dichromate

B Aqueous bromine
C Warm dilute NaOH
D Ethanoic acid with concentrated H2SO4, heat
29 Which of the following statements are true for thermoplastic polymers but not true for
thermoset polymers?
1 The polymer burns upon heating.

2 The polymer can be recycled.
3 There is little or no cross–linkages between polymer chains.
A 1 only
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 3 only

14
30 Poly(methyl methacrylate) is used to make hard contact lenses. Part of its polymer chain is
shown.
O O O
O O O
Which statement about poly(methyl methacrylate) is correct?
A A small molecule of water is lost when polymerisation took place.

B Its monomer includes a dicarboxylic acid and a diol.
C It can undergo alkaline hydrolysis.
D It can form hydrogen bonds between two polymer chains.

15
BLANK PAGE

16
BLANK PAGE

2021 JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
H1 CHEMISTRY 8873/01
Paper 1 Multiple Choice 22 September 2021
1 hour
Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
Data Booklet
Write in soft pencil.

Write your name and class on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided.
There are thirty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four
possible answers A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer
Sheet.
Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.
Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
Write your name, class and NRIC / FIN number, including the reference letter.
Shade the NRIC / FIN number.
Exam Title: JC2 Preliminary Exam
Exam Details: H1 Chemistry / Paper 1
Date: 22/09/2021
This document consists of 12 printed pages.

2
Neon exists as three isotopes, 20Ne, 21Ne and 22Ne.
How many neutrons are present in a neon atom of the most abundant isotope?
A 10 B 11 C 12 D 20
Answer: A
From data booklet, the Ar of Ne is 20.2 and proton number is 10.

=> 20Ne is most abundant compared to 21Ne and 22Ne.
Number of neutrons = 20 – 10 = 10
2 Carbon disulfide, CS2, is a poisonous, volatile liquid used in the manufacture of viscose
rayon and cellophane. It reacts with nitrogen monoxide, NO, to form a yellow solid and
equal volumes of two gaseous products.
What are the products of the reaction?
A S, CO, N2
B S, CO, NO2
C S, CO2, N2
D S, CO2, NO2
Answer: C
Only option C can formed a balanced chemical equation with the criteria that of two gases
are of equal volumes.
How many hydrogen atoms are present in 4.5 g of butanone?
[L = Avogadro constant]
A 72L B L C L D L
2 16
Answer: C
H H O H
H C C C C H
H H H
Mr = 72.0 g
4.5 1
Amount of butanone = = mol
72 16
1 1
Amount of hydrogen atoms = × 8 = mol
16 2
L
Number of hydrogen atoms =
2

3
4 A 10 cm3 gaseous sample of butanethiol, CH3(CH2)3SH, was sparked in 100 cm3 of oxygen
to produce carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and water. After cooling to room temperature, the
residual gas mixture was passed through aqueous potassium hydroxide.
What is the final volume of the resultant gas at room temperature and pressure after passing
through the alkali?
A 25 cm3 B 35 cm3 C 50 cm3 D 75 cm3
Answer: A
Need to write the balanced equation first.
At room temperature,
15
CH3(CH2)3SH(g) + O2(g) 4CO2(g) + SO2(g) + 5H2O(l)
2
Given 10 cm3 100 cm3 - - -
Change - 10 cm3 - 75 cm3 + 40 cm3 + 10 cm3
Gases absorbed by alkali are CO2(g) and SO2(g)

Volume of residual gas mixture = volume of excess of O2 = 25 cm3
5 Paramagnetism is a relatively weak magnetic force produced by unpaired electrons. It is

only detectable in the presence of external magnetic field. The strength of the force is directly
proportional to the number of unpaired electrons in an atom or ion.
Which atom has the greatest paramagnetism?
A magnesium B silicon C phosphorus D sulfur
Answer: C
12Mg: [Ne] 3s2 (0 unpaired electrons)
14Si: [Ne] 3s2 3p2 (2 unpaired electrons)
15P: [Ne] 3s2 3d3 (3 unpaired electrons)
16S: [Ne] 3s2 3p4 (2 unpaired electrons)
Since P has the greatest number of unpaired electrons, it has the greatest paramagnetism.

4
6 Which species has the biggest bond angle?
A CO32 B SF6 C NH4+ D OCl2
Answer: A
O
2
C
O O
Trigonal planar shape, bond angle = 120
F
F F
S
F F
F
Octahedral shape, bond angle = 90º
+
H
N
H
H H
Tetrahedral shape, bond angle = 109.5
O
Cl Cl Bent shape, bond angle = 104.5

5
7 Which of the following shows the correct response for the presence (indicated by ✓) or
absence (indicated by x) of hydrogen bonds in the substances?
A ✓ ✓ ✓
B ✓ x ✓
C x ✓ x
D ✓ x x
Answer: B
Hydrogen bond between Ionic bond between the Hydrogen bond between
ammonia molecules NH4+ and Cl- ions amide molecules
8 Which types of bonding are present in lithium aluminum hydride, LiAlH4?
1 co-ordinate (dative covalent)

2 ionic
3 metallic
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3
Answer: B
+
H 
Al
Li H
H
H
There are ionic bonds (electrostatic forces of attraction) between Li+ cation and AlH4-
anion.
Hydrogen atom being more electronegative than Al, will gain the extra electron forming a
hydride, H ion. H ion shares its lone pair of electrons with Al atom by forming a dative
bond with it.
No metallic bonding as this is a giant ionic structure.

6
9 A 25 cm3 solution containing of 0.20 mol dm3 Ti+ required 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm3 acidified
KMnO4 to oxidise it to Ti3+ in solution.
What is the oxidation state of the manganese in the reduced form?
A 2 B 3 C 4 D 7
Answer: B
[O] Ti+ + 2e → Ti3+

n(Ti  ) (0.20)(0.025)

 2
n(MnO 4 ) (0.10)(0.025)
n(e) 4


n(MnO 4 ) 1
[R] 1 mol MnO4- takes in 4 mole of e. Hence, oxidation state of Mn decreases by 4.
Mn(VII) in MnO4- reduced to Mn(III).
10 Sodium, silicon, sulfur and chlorine are elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table. Which
of the following statements about these elements are true?
1 Sodium oxide has a giant lattice of ions.

2 Oxides of sulfur dissolve in water to form a solution that turns litmus red.
3 The chlorides of silicon have a higher melting point than that of oxides of silicon.
4 Sulfur exists as a yellowish gas as it has lower melting point than chlorine.
A 1 and 2 only
B 1, 2 and 3 only
C 2 and 4 only
D 1, 3 and 4 only
Answer: A
Statement 1: Correct. The Na+ and O2- ions are arranged in an orderly manner in a giant
ionic lattice.
Statement 2: Correct. Oxides of sulfur are SO2 and SO3 which dissolved in water to form
acidic H2SO3 and H2SO4 solution turning litmus red.
Statement 3: Incorrect.
Chlorides of silicon are simple molecular in nature with instantaneous dipole-induced
dipole intermolecular forces. Hence they have lower melting points than giant molecular
SiO2 structures where the S and O atoms are bonded together with strong covalent bonds
which require a large amount of energy to overcome.
Statement 4: Incorrect. Both S8 and Cl2 exist as simple non-polar molecules with
instantaneous dipoleinduced dipole intermolecular forces. As S8 molecules are larger with
more electrons, the strength of the instantaneous dipoleinduced dipole intermolecular
forces are stronger. It has higher melting point than chlorine hence exist as a yellow solid.

7
11 Which diagram represents the change in ionic radius of the ions of the element across the
third period (Na to Cl)?
A B
C D
Answer: C
Na to Al lose their valence shells to form cations while Si to Cl retained the valence shell,
resulting in ionic size of anions larger than cations.
The size of cations and anions decreases across the period. This is due to increasing
nuclear charge but similar shielding effect resulting to increasing strength of electrostatic
forces of attraction between nucleus and electrons in the outer shell.
H1N2008/1/16

8
12 The dissociation constant, Kw, for the ionisation of water, 2H2O H3O+ + OH, at
different temperatures is given below.
temperature / C Kw / mol2 dm6
0 1.15  1015
25 1.00  1014
50 5.50  1014
What can be deduced from this information?

A [H+] and [OH] are equal at 25 oC only
B The equilibrium lies more to the left as temperature increases.
C The [H+] increases while the [OH] decreases as temperature increases.
D The pH of water at 50 C is 6.6.
Answer: D
[H+] = [OH-] for all temperature thus (A) is wrong.
When temperature increases Kw increases. This implies position of equilibrium shifts

towards right (B) favouring forward endothermic reaction (A) to absorb heat. [H+] and [OH─]
increases to the same extent (C).
[H  ]  5.50 1014  2.345 107 moldm 3

pH = -lg(2.345x10-7) = 6.6
NYJC2016H1/1/11
13 A solution was made by mixing 0.002 mol of HNO3(aq) and 0.003 mol of Ba(OH)2(aq). Water
was added until the volume of the solution was 1 dm3.
What is the pH of the solution?
A 2.7 B 11.0 C 11.4 D 11.6
Answer: D
n(OH─) = 0.003 x 2 = 0.006 mol

n(OH-) in excess = 0.006 – 0.002 = 0.004 mol
pH = 14 – (-lg 0.004) = 11.6

9
14 Which set of solutions of equal volume when mixed will give an acidic buffer?

3 0.10 mol dm–3 H2SO4 and 0.05 mol dm–3 Ca(OH)2
A 1 only
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D All
Answer: A

CH3CO2Na is in excess.
HCl + CH3CO2Na  CH3CO2H + NaCl
 0.025 mol dm–3 CH3CO2H and 0.025 mol dm–3 CH3CO2Na present (buffer)

Equal amount of acid and base.
CH3CO2H + NaOH  CH3CO2Na + H2O
 only a salt of weak acid present (not buffer)
3 Salts of strong acids and bases do not form buffer.

(not buffer)
15 Xenon enhanced CT scanning is an easy and non-invasive method in which patients inhale
the stable (131Xe) gas while CT images are made. The CT scan is used in the study of
pulmonary function and organ blood flow.
Xenon-131 is a radioactive isotope and it has a half-life of 11.8 days.
Given that radioactive decay is a first-order reaction, what fraction of the isotope has reacted
after 59 days?
A 0.0313 B 0.125 C 0.937 D 0.969
Answer: D
Since half‒life of Xenon-131 is 11.8 days,

59
= 5 half-lives have passed after 59 days.
11.8
5
1 1
Fraction remaining after 59 days =   =
2 32
Therefore, fraction of isotope reacted
1
=1– = 0.969
32

10
16 To monitor the kinetics of a reaction between S and T, two experiments were conducted to
monitor the concentration of S over time with different concentrations of T. The graph below
shows the results obtained.
[S] / moldm-3
0.20
[T] = 1.0 moldm-3

0.10
[T] = 0.5 moldm-3
time / min
5 20
What is the rate equation for the reaction between S and T?
A rate = k [S]
B rate = k [T]2
C rate = k [T][S]
D rate = k [T]
Answer: B
The gradient of each graph will give the rate of the reaction.
Given that it’s a straight line, gradient is constant which mean rate is constant when
concentration of S is changing. Hence order of reaction w.r.t. S is 0
When concentration of T was doubled from 0.5 to 1 moldm-3, initial rate, which is the
gradient of the graph, increase 4 times.
0.2-0.1
Rate1= = 0.005 moldm-3 min1
20
0.2-0.1
Rate 2= = 0.02 moldm-3 min1
5
Hence order of reaction w.r.t T is 2.

11
17 The rate of a reaction is measured in mol dm-3 min-1.
Which row is correct?
Overall order of reaction Units of the rate constant
A zero mol1 dm3 min1
B first s1
C second mol1 dm3 min1
D third mol3 dm9 min1
Answer: C
Rate = k [X]n
When n = 0, unit of k = moldm-3min-1 / (moldm-3)0 = moldm-3min-1
When n = 1, unit of k = moldm-3min-1 / (moldm-3) = min-1
When n = 2, unit of k = moldm-3min-1 / (moldm-3)2 = mol-1 dm3 min-1 (correct)
When n = 3, unit of k = moldm-3min-1 / (moldm-3)3 = mol-2 dm6 min-1
18 A sample of nitrogen monoxide gas is maintained at a constant temperature of 500 K.

A dynamic equilibrium is established with nitrogen, oxygen and nitrogen monoxide all
present.
N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g)
Which statement describes this situation?
A At equilibrium, there are more NO gas present than N2 and O2 gas.
B When pressure of reaction is reduced, more NO gas is produced.
C Adding more NO gas after equilibrium has been established will shift position of
equilibrium to the right.
D At equilibrium, NO is formed at the same rate as it decomposes.
Answer: D
A This statement may not be true as the amount of reactants and products formed
depends on the Kc value.
B N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2NO (g)
Since there are equimolar gaseous reactants and products, the equilibria is not affected
by pressure.
C Adding more NO gas will shift equilibrium position to the left to decrease [NO].
D At equilibrium, the concentration of both reactants and products remained constant.
This means that the rate of forward (to form NO gas) and backward (decompose to
form N2 and O2 gas) reaction is the same.

12
19 Given that the following reversible reaction take place at T oC,
2X+Y Z ∆H = positive
Which of the following factor affects the Kc value?
A Decrease in temperature.
B Addition of suitable catalyst.
C Increase in the concentration of X.
D Addition of water
Answer: A
Kc is only affected by temperature.
20 For which of the following reaction is the enthalpy change of reaction endothermic?
1 H2SO4 (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq)  Na2SO4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)
2 Cl2 (g)  2 Cl (g)

3 Mg (g)  Mg+ (g) + e
4 C(s) + O2 (g)  CO2 (g)
A 1 and 4 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 3 and 4 only
D 2, 3 and 4 only
Answer: B
(1) Neutralisation is exothermic.
(2) Bond breaking requires energy hence is endothermic.
(3) Removal of electron needs energy to overcome attraction forces between electrons and
nucleus.
(4) Combustion of C is exothermic.

13
21 Which compound has the most negative lattice energy?
A Rubidium fluoride
B Rubidium oxide
C Potassium fluoride
D Potassium oxide
Answer: D
q + × q-
Lattice Energy α
r+ + r-
Between RbF and Rb2O, O2 has a bigger charge and hence, Rb2O will have a more negative
lattice energy.
Between KF and K2O, O2 has a bigger charge and hence, K2O will have a more negative
lattice energy.
Between Rb2O and K2O, K+ has a smaller ionic radius and hence, K2O will have a more
negative lattice energy.

14
22 A student conducted an experiment to determine the enthalpy change of solution of MgSO 4

in water. 1 mol of solid MgSO4 was added to 100 g of water at 2 min. The changes in the
temperature of the solution was monitored over a period of time.
Using the data obtained from the experiment, the following graph was obtained.
36.8 oC
35.6 oC
What is the enthalpy change of solution of MgSO4 based on the data obtained from the
experiment?
The specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 kJ kg–1 K–1.
A 100×4.18×(36.8 - 26.0)
B 100×4.18×(26.0 - 36.8)
C 100×4.18×(35.6 - 26.0)
D 100×4.18×(26.0 - 35.6)
Answer: B
Since MgSO4 was added at 2 min, the expected maximum temperature should be 36.8 oC.
Due to time required to heat up solution and cooling taking place, in experiment, solution
will heat to only 35.6 oC before cooling of solution.
FYI: The decrease in temperature after maximum temperature achieved is due to cooling
taking place. This heat loss during cooling is accounted when the line is extrapolated to 2
min.
∆H = - (mc∆T)/n = -[100 x 4.18 x (36.8-26.0)]/1

15
23 Rosmarinic acid occurs in culinary herbs such as rosemary, sage and thyme.
OH
O OH OH
O
HO
OH
rosmarinic acid
Which of the functional group is not present in rosmarinic acid?
A ester B alcohol
C carboxylic acid D alkene
Answer: B
carboxylic acid OH
ester O OH OH
O
O
FYI: phenol
HO
alkene
OH
Alcohol has -OH group covalently bonded to alkyl group hence can be classified as
primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol. It is not present in rosmarinic acid.

16
24 Mevastatin belongs to the statin group of drugs that are used to lower cholesterol levels in
humans.
O O
HO O
What is the molecular formula of the compound?
A C23H34O5 B C23H31O5 C C22H27O5 D C22H23O5
Answer: A
HC CH
HC CH2
CH C CH2
H
H3C CH CH
CH2 O O
H2 C
CH CH
H2C O H3C CH2
C CH3
H
HO CH2 O Tip: Just count the H will do 

17
25 How many cis-trans isomers are present in this molecule?
OH
A 2 B 3 C 4 D 8
Answer: C
OH
C=C which exhibit cis-trans isomerism are circled as shown above.

No of cis-trans isomer = 22 = 4
26 The carboxylic acid shown below can be produced by oxidation of an alcohol.
OH
Which alcohol can be oxidised to produce this carboxylic acid when heated under reflux in
the presence of an oxidising agent?
A 2-methylpropan-2-ol
B 2-methylpropan-1-ol
C 2-methylbutan-1-ol
D butan-1-ol
Answer: B
oxidation
OH OH
O
2-methylpropan-1-ol

18
27 Ethyl propanoate is refluxed with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The alcohol produced is then
reacted with methylpropanoic acid to make a second ester.
What is the structural formula of this second ester?
Answer: A
O
heat
CH3CH2C OCH2CH3 + OH- CH3CH2COO- + HOCH2CH3
O H O H
CH3CH2OH + HO C C CH3
CH3CH2O C C CH3 + H2O
CH3 CH3

19
28 Carvone is responsible for the odour of spearmint.
carvone
Which reagent and conditions, when added to carvone, would give observable changes?
A Hot acidified potassium dichromate
B Aqueous bromine
C Warm dilute NaOH
D Ethanoic acid with concentrated H2SO4, heat
Answer: B
Only aq Br2 reacts with alkene in carvone. Orange bromine decolourised.
O Br
Br O
+ 2 Br2
Br
Br

20
29 Which of the following statements are true for thermoplastic polymers but not true for thermoset
polymers?
1 The polymer burns upon heating.

2 The polymer can be recycled.
3 There is little or no cross-linkages between polymer chains.
A 1 only
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 3 only
Answer: C
Statement Reason
1 Both true. Both polymers can burn on heating.
2 True for Thermoplastic polymers can melt and remould into different
thermoplastic shapes to be recycled.
polymer but not true
Thermosetting polymers once the shape is set will not be able
for thermosetting
to melt and remould. Hence, it cannot be recycled.
polymer.
3 True for Thermoplastic polymers are formed with little or no cross-
thermoplastic linkages hence can melt.
polymer but not true
Thermosetting polymers are formed with many cross-linkages
for thermosetting
thus the shape is set.
polymer.

21
30 Poly(methyl methacrylate) is used to make hard contact lenses. Part of its polymer chain is
shown.
Which statement about poly(methyl methacrylate) is correct?
A A small molecule of water is lost when polymerisation took place.

B Its monomer includes a dicarboxylic acid and a diol.
C It can undergo alkaline hydrolysis.
D It can form hydrogen bonds between two polymer chains.
Answer: C
CH3
H2C C
The monomer COOCH3 undergoes addition polymerisation to form poly(methyl

methacrylate). Hence, there is no loss of small molecules of water. In the polymer, there is no
hydrogen atom bonded to F/O/N atoms, hence, there is no hydrogen available for hydrogen
bonding with the neighbouring chain.
The presence of an ester group in the side chain causes the polymer to hydrolyse when alkali
is added.

22
Answer
1 A 6 A 11 C 16 B 21 D 26 B
2 C 7 B 12 D 17 C 22 B 27 A
3 C 8 B 13 D 18 D 23 B 28 B
4 A 9 B 14 A 19 A 24 A 29 C
5 C 10 A 15 D 20 B 25 C 30 C

2021 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
NAME:______________________________ ( ) CLASS: 21 / ___
CHEMISTRY 8873/02
Paper 2 Structured Questions 14 September 2021
Candidates answer on the Question Paper. 2 hours
Additional Materials: Data Booklet

Write your name, class and register number on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Section A
Answer all the questions.
Section B
Answer one question.
A Data Booklet is provided.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
For Examiner’s Use
1 / 14 Paper 2 / 80
2 / 10 Paper 1 / 30
3 /5 Percentage Overall
Section A
4 / 10
5 / 16 Grade
6 /5
7 / 20
Section B Circle question number attempted in Section B
8 / 20
This document consists of 25 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

2
Section A
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the first ionisation energies of calcium to rubidium.
Use the Data Booklet and your knowledge of the variation in first ionisation energy of
the elements of Period 3 (Na to Ar) to estimate and plot, on Fig. 1.1, the first ionisation
energies of the elements: Ga, As and Kr.
1600
1400
first ionisation energy / kJ mol–1
1200

1000

800

600

400 
200
Ca Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb
element
Fig. 1.1
[2]

3
(b) (i) Justify your prediction in (a), by explaining why the first ionisation energy of As
you have plotted is higher/lower/similar to Ge and Se.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..……………………………………………………………………………….….[3]
(ii) Explain why the first ionisation energy of Kr you have plotted is
higher/lower/similar to Rb.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..……………………………………………………………………………….….[1]
(c) Draw the shape of the highest occupied orbital in Ca and Ga atom.
Ca Ga
[2]

4
(d) A student conducted some experiments involving Period 3 oxides and recorded his
observations.
element observations
Oxide of W is a gas which dissolves completely in water to form a
W
solution which turns blue litmus paper red.
Oxide of X is a white solid which dissolves completely in water to form
X
a dark blue solution in presence of Universal Indicator.
Oxide of Y does not dissolve in water and but reacts with
Y
concentrated NaOH on heating.
Z Oxide of Z can react with both aqueous NaOH and dilute HCl.
(i) Identify the unknown elements.
Unknown element Identity

W
X
Y
Z
[2]
(ii) Oxide of W and oxide of X are mixed together in the same beaker of water.
State the type of reaction that will occur.
……..……………………………………………………………………………….….[1]
(iii) Use the data given to write a chemical equation to show how the oxides of Y
reacts with sodium hydroxide.
……..……………………………………………………………………………….….[1]
(iv) Draw 2 simple diagrams to show how a water molecule can be attached to a
sodium cation, and to an oxide anion. Label each diagram to show the type of
interaction involved.
[2]
[Total: 14]

5
2 (a) Consider the following energy cycle involving pentan-1-ol, CH3(CH2)3CH2OH.
∆H
CH3(CH2)3CH2OH(l) + x O2(g) 
2
y CO2(g) + z H2O(l)
∆H1 ∆H3
5C(s) + 6H2(g) + 8O2(g)
(i) Define the term standard enthalpy change of combustion of pentan-1-ol.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..……………………………………………………………………………….….[1]
(ii) State the values of x, y and z.
x: ……………. y: ……………. z: ……………. [1]
(iii) What does ∆H1 represent?
…………………………………………………………………………………………[1]
(iv) Using the following data, calculate ∆H1.
enthalpy change of combustion of carbon = 393 kJ mol1

enthalpy change of combustion of hydrogen = 285 kJ mol1
enthalpy change of combustion of pentan–1–ol = 3331 kJ mol1
[2]

6
(b) Ammonia, NH3 is commonly used as a household cleaner to remove greasy dirt in
ovens. It is also used to clean windows as it evaporates quickly and does not leave
stains on glass.
25.0 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm–3 NH3 was titrated against 0.500 mol dm–3 HNO3.
Fig. 2.1 shows the pH changes during the titration.
14
12
10
8
pH
6
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
volume of HNO3 added / cm3
Fig. 2.1
(i) Using the pH from Fig 2.1, calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions,
in mol dm–3, in 25.0 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm–3 solution of NH3.
[1]

7
(ii) Explain how your answer in (b)(i) indicates that NH3 is a weak base.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..…
……..……………………………………………………………………………….….[1]
(iii) Using Fig. 2.1, state the volume of nitric acid required to reach the equivalence
point for this titration.
Hence, suggest the concentration of the nitric acid use in the titration.
Volume of nitric acid required: ……………………………………
Concentration of nitric acid: ……………………………………… [1]
(iv) Table 2.1 shows some acid–base indicators.
Table 2.1
colour in colour in pH range of colour

indicator
acid alkali change of indicator
alizarin yellow yellow orange 10.1 – 13.0
methyl orange red yellow 3.1 – 4.4
phenolphthalein colourless pink 8.2 – 10.0
Suggest which of the above indicator should be used for this titration.
State the colour change of your chosen indicator at the end–point of this titration.
indicator ………………………………………………………………………….
colour change …………………………………………………………………... [2]
[Total: 10]

8
3 (a) Vapour of 0.2 mol phosphorus(III) chloride, 0.15 mol chlorine and 0.3 mol
phosphorus(V) chloride can exist in equilibrium in a 5.0 dm3 vessel at 230 oC.
PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) PCl5(g) ∆H < 0
(i) Calculate the value of Kc at 230 oC, stating its unit.
[2]
(ii) Suggest, with reasoning, whether lowering the temperature would favour the
formation of PCl5.
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(b) Phosphorus(V) chloride dissolves in polar solvents forming two ions [PCl4]+ and [PCl6]–.
Draw the dot–and–cross diagram and shape of [PCl4]+.
Ion Dot–and–cross diagram Diagram of shape
[PCl4]+
[2]
[Total: 5]

9
Question 4 starts on the next page

10
4 (a) Carbon particles, oxides of carbon and nitrogen are commonly produced in the internal
combustion engines of cars. These substances have significant environmental
consequences if emitted into the atmosphere. Hence, catalytic converter is fitted to the
exhaust to reduce the amount of polluting substances emitted.
Fig. 4.1 shows a catalytic converter that include a particle filter to remove solid particles
of carbon.
Fig. 4.1
(i) The catalytic converter can remove nitrogen monoxide from the exhaust gases
along with carbon monoxide, CO, which is also formed.
The conversion of NO and CO into N2 and CO2, which occurs in two stages, has
an overall ∆Hreaction = –225 kJ mol–1. The oxygen produced in stage 1 is used in
stage 2. Both stages are exothermic.
Stage 1 2NO(g) → N2(g) + O2(g)

Stage 2 2CO(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2(g)

11
Complete the reaction pathway diagram on Fig. 4.2 for the overall reaction
between NO and CO which involves both of these stages.
Fig 4.2
[2]
(ii) Write an equation to show how unburnt hydrocarbon, CxHy can be removed.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(iii) Suggest why nitrogen monoxide is produced when petrol is burned in the internal
combustion engine but not produced when petrol is burned in a spirit burner in a
laboratory.
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]

12
(b) Diesel engines may also be fitted with a second catalytic converter to remove the
remaining oxides of nitrogen. The second converter uses ammonia as the reducing
agent. One possible reaction is shown by the following unbalanced equation.
NH3 + NO2 → N2 + H2O
(i) Deduce all the changes in oxidation number, stating which element is involved in
the change.
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(ii) Hence, balance the equation.
…………. NH3 + …………. NO2 → …………. N2 + …………. H2O

[1]
(c) Silicon carbide, SiC, is strong and resistant to melting at high temperature of the
exhaust. Hence, it is a suitable material use for making the filter and for coating the Pt
catalyst.
(i) Suggest how the structure and bonding in SiC gives its properties above.
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[2]
(ii) Clusters of platinum catalyst coated onto fine powder of SiC in the converter is
found to be around 4 nm in size.
Explain how this greatly increase the catalytic activity of the Pt catalyst.
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[2]
[Total:10]

13
Question 5 starts on the next page.

14
5 (a) Infra–red spectroscopy is a fast, reliable and cost–effective technique suitable for
analysis of polymers. The infra–red absorption frequencies in the spectrum give
information about the presence or absence of specific functional groups in a molecule
and can be used to determine the identity of the sample.
Three samples of polymers namely poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), polyethylene

terephthalate (PET) and polyacrylamide (PAM) were taken and analysed using infra–
red spectroscopy.
H H H H
O O
C C C C
C C OCH2CH2O
H OH n H C O n
n
NH2
PVA PET PAM
Table 5.1 shows some infra–red absorption frequencies in the spectra obtained from
the three polymers.
Table 5.1
Spectrum Infra–red absorption frequencies / cm–1

A 3100, 1740, 1050
B 3300, 1690
C 3200, 1100

15
Using relevant data from the Data Booklet, assign the identity of the three polymers to
the relevant spectrum. Explain your answer.
Spectrum Polymer Explanation
[6]
(b) PVA can be cross–linked with pentane–1,5–dial to form a three–dimensional network

of polymer known as hydrogel. The hydrogel can swell in water and hold a large amount
of water while maintaining the structure. Water is a large constituents of human body.
Hence, hydrogel can be used for drug delivery in pharmaceutical field.
(i) Draw a simple well–labelled diagram to present the cross–links in hydrogel made
from PVA and pentane–1,5–dial.
[Structural formulae of molecules are not necessary in your diagram.]
[2]

16
(ii) Explain, in terms of the structure and bonding, the properties exhibited by
hydrogel?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[2]
(iii) Suggest whether hydrogel is classified as thermoplastic or thermosetting

polymer.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(c) (i) State the type of polymerisation used to form PET. Hence, suggest the structures
of the two monomers use to form PET.
Type of polymerisation : …………………………………
Monomer 1 Monomer 2
[3]
(ii) PET is commonly used as single–use food packaging. Explain why PET are
unsuitable for use in bottles storing pickles in acidic vinegar in terms of its
structure and bonding.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(d) State one negative impact from the use of non–recyclable plastics.
……..………………………………………………………………………………………....[1]
[Total:16]

17
6 A student proposed the following reaction scheme to synthesise R from P.
O O O
alkaline
CH2OH hot KMnO4 COOH CONH(CH3)
O O O
step 1 step 2
P Q R
(a) State the types of reaction in steps 1 and 2.
Step 1 : ………………………………………………………..
step 2 : ………………………………………………………..
[2]
(b) Suggest the reagents and conditions for step 2.
……..……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(c) The student found that compound Q was not obtained as a major product in
step 1 as shown in the reaction scheme. Instead, compound S was obtained.
Suggest the structure of compound S.
Compound S
[2]
[Total: 5]

18
Section B
Answer one question from this section, in the spaces provided.
7 (a) When briefly exposed to a bright light, a mixture of butane gas and chlorine gas reacts
to give 2–chlorobutane and hydrogen chloride gas.
CH3CH2CH2CH3(g) + Cl2(g)  CH3CH2CHClCH3(g) + HCl(g)
(i) Use relevant bond energy values given in the Data Booklet to calculate the
enthalpy change for this reaction, H.
[1]
(ii) Draw arrows on the energy diagram below to show each of the bond breaking
and bond making steps you have used in your calculation above.
Label each level with the appropriate formulae.
energy
/ kJ
CH3CH2CH2CH3(g) + Cl2(g)
H
[3]

19
(iii) Suggest why the reaction only starts when it is exposed to bright light.
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(iv) State the type of reaction between butane and chlorine.
type of reaction :………………………………………………………………..…....[1]
(v) Suggest why the reaction continues with increasing rate after the brief exposure
to the bright light has stopped.
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(vi) In the reaction of butane with chlorine, another mono–chlorinated compound S is

formed. Draw the structural formulae of this mono–chlorinated compound S.
Hence, suggest the statistical ratio of this compound S and
2–chlorobutane.
ratio of compound S : 2–chlorobutane = ………………. : ……………….
[2]

20
(b) Under suitable conditions, 2–chlorobutane can be converted into two structural isomers
of butene, of which one exhibit cis–trans isomerism.
 Suggest the reagent and condition for this reaction.

 Draw the displayed formula of the pair of cis–trans isomers.
reagent and conditions: …………………………………………………
[3]
(c) Carboxylic acid reacts with Group 1 metals in the following reaction.
1
RCOOH(aq) + M(s)  RCOO–M+(aq) + 2H2(g) where M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs
(i) Suggest how you would expect the reactivity of Group 1 metals with carboxylic
acid to change down the group. Explain your answer in terms of its reducing
ability.
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[3]

21
(ii) Suggest with reasoning, whether you expect the same volume of hydrogen gas
to be evolved in each case when excess carboxylic acid of same concentration
is added separately to 5 g of different Group 1 metal powder.
[No calculation is required.]
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[3]
(iii) Group 1 metals are often used in borohydrides, LiBH4, NaBH4 and KBH4, as
reducing agents in organic chemistry.
The greater the charge density of the metal cation, the stronger the reducing
power of the borohydrides.
Identify the strongest reducing agent among the three Group 1 borohydrides
listed above and explain your answer.
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..……………………………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………..[2]
[Total: 20]

22
8 (a) In an experiment to determine the maximum change in temperature when sulfuric acid
is added to sodium hydroxide, 30 cm3 of sodium hydroxide is transferred to a
polystyrene cup.
H2SO4 + 2NaOH  Na2SO4 + 2H2O
The initial temperature of the sodium hydroxide before sulfuric acid is added is
measured and recorded.
5.0 cm3 portions of 0.7 mol dm3 dilute sulfuric acid are added to the polystyrene cup.
The temperature of the solution in the cup is measured after each addition. The
maximum temperature occurs when complete neutralisation has been achieved.
The results are shown in Fig. 8.1
volume of dilute sulfuric acid / cm3

Fig. 8.1
(i) Draw two separate straight lines of best fit on Fig. 8.1.
The first line should take into account the increasing temperatures.
The second line should take into account the decreasing temperatures.
Extend these lines until they intersect.
Use your graph to determine the maximum temperature rise, Tmax, of the
experiment. Show your working.
Tmax = ……………………………………..C [2]

23
(ii) Use your graph to determine the volume of sulfuric acid required to neutralise
the sodium hydroxide and hence, calculate the concentration of sodium
hydroxide.
Show on your graph how you determined this volume.
volume of sulfuric acid = ……………………………… cm3
concentration of sodium hydroxide = ……………………………… mol dm3

[3]
(iii) Using your answers to (a)(i) and (a)(ii), calculate the energy, in kJ, evolved
during the reaction.
You should assume that the specific heat capacity of the reaction mixture is
4.18 J g1 K1 and the density of each solution is 1.00 g cm3.
[1]
(iv) Using your answer to (a)(iii), calculate a value for the enthalpy change of
neutralisation, in kJ mol1, for the reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium
hydroxide.
[1]

24
(v) Suggest how the student’s calculated value for enthalpy change of neutralisation
in (a)(iv) differ from the literature value.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…………………………………………………………..……………………..[1]
(b) When aqueous chlorine is added to an acidic solution containing Mn2+ ions, a black
precipitate of MnO2 is formed.
(i) Write an equation for the reaction between Mn2+ ions and aqueous chlorine.
…....…………………………………………………………………………………..[2]
(ii) Explain why this is a redox reaction, in terms of oxidation numbers.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
…....…………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(iii) There is no redox reaction when bromine is added to a solution containing Mn2+
ions.
Explain the difference in observations between chlorine and bromine with Mn2+
in terms of their ease in gaining of electrons.
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
…….…………………………………………………………………………………..[3]

25
(c) 2–chloropentane reacts with CH3CH2O–Na+ in the solvent ethanol according to the
following equation.
Cl
+ CH3CH2O + Cl + CH3CH2OH
(i) Name the type of reaction that occurred.
Type of reaction: ……………………………………………………………..……..[1]
(ii) Draw the two isomers of the product pent-2-ene and name the type of isomerism
they exhibit.
Explain, with reference to one of your diagrams, why pent-2-ene show the type
of isomerism.
Type of isomerism:.. …………………………………………………………………..
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…………………………………………………………………………………….
……..…….……………………………………………………………………….….. [4]
(iii) State the observation when pent–2–ene reacts with aqueous bromine.
Observation: …………………………………………………………………..............
……..………………………………………………………………………………….[1]
[Total: 20]

26
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27
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28
BLANK PAGE

2021 ASRJC Preliminary Examination
H1 Chemistry (8873) Paper 2 Suggested Mark Scheme and
Section A
1 (a) Fig 1.1 shows the first ionisation energies of calcium to rubidium.
Use the Data Booklet and your knowledge of the variation in first ionisation energy of
the elements of Period 3 (Na to Ar) to estimate and plot, on Fig 1.1, the first ionisation
energies of the elements: Ga, As and Kr.
1600
1400
first ionisation energy / kJ mol-1
1200

1000

800

600

400 
200
element
Fig 1.1
[2]

2
1600 
1400
first ionisation energy / kJ mol-1
1200

1000 

800

600


400 
200
element
Rb <1st IE of Ga < Ca (value can be obtained from Data Booklet)

Se <1st IE of As < Br
Br < 1st IE of Kr
(b) (i) Justify your prediction in (a), by explaining why the first ionisation energy of As
you have plotted is higher/lower/similar to Ge and Se. [3]
First IE of As is higher than Ge. As has higher nuclear charge but similar
shielding effect as Ge, hence, the electrostatic attraction between its valence
electron is stronger than Ge.
First IE of Se is lower than As. The first electron (valence electron) to remove
from Se is a paired electron with inter-electronic repulsion. Hence, the
electrostatic attraction between its valence electron is weaker than As and
required less energy to remove.
(ii) Explain why the first ionisation energy of Kr you have plotted is
higher/lower/similar to Rb. [1]
First IE of Kr is higher than Rb.
The 5s electron to be removed from Rb is at a higher energy level/ further

away from the nucleus than the 4p electron in Kr. This 5s electron
experiences more shielding due to more inner electrons despite increased in
nuclear charge.
The 5s electron in Rb is less strongly attracted by the nucleus and requires

less energy to be removed compared to the 4p electron in Kr.

3
(c) Draw the shape of the highest occupied orbital in Ca and Ga atom. [2]
Ca Ga
4s (no need to label) 4p
(d) A student conducted some experiments involving Period 3 oxides and recorded his
observations.
element observations
W Oxide of W is a gas which dissolves completely in water to form a
solution which turns blue litmus paper red.
X Oxide of X is a white solid which dissolves completely in water to form
a dark blue solution in presence of Universal Indicator.
Y Oxide of Y does not dissolve in water and but reacts with
concentrated NaOH on heating.
Z Oxide of Z can react with both aq NaOH and aq HCl.
(i) Identify the unknown elements. [2]
Unknown element Identity

W Sulfur / S
X Sodium /Na
Y Silicon /Si
Z Aluminium / Al
(ii) Oxide of W and oxide of X are mixed together in the same beaker of water.
State the type of reaction that will occur. [1]
Acid-base / neutralisation reaction.
Reason (not required in students’ answer): oxide of non-metal, W (SO2) is

acidic and oxide of metal, X (Na2O) is basic; thus it will be acid-base reaction.
(iii) Use the data given to write a chemical equation to show how the oxides of Y
reacts with sodium hydroxide. [1]
SiO2 + 2NaOH  Na2SiO3 + H2O

OR
YO2 + 2NaOH  Na2YO3 + H2O

4
(iv) Draw 2 simple diagrams to show how a water molecule can be attached to a
sodium cation, and to an oxide anion. Label each diagram to show the type of
interaction involved. [2]
  
O H H
H H 
 O
ion-diople
attractions
2 -
OH
O
Na+

5
2 (a) Consider the following energy cycle involving pentan-1-ol, CH3(CH2)3CH2OH.
∆H
CH3(CH2)3CH2OH(l) + x O2(g) 
2
y CO2(g) + z H2O(l)
ΔH1 ΔH3
5C(s) + 6H2(g) + 8O2(g)
(i) Define the term standard enthalpy change of combustion of pentan-1-ol. [1]
(Heat) Energy evolved when 1 mole of pentan-1-ol is completely burnt in

excess oxygen at standard conditions of 1 bar and 298K.
(ii) State the values of x, y and z. [1]
CH3(CH2)3CH2OH(l) + 15/2 O2(g)  5 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(l)

x y z
(iii) What does ΔH1 represent? [1]

ΔH1 represent enthalpy change of formation of 1 mol pentan-1-ol,
CH3(CH2)3CH2(OH) from its elements in their standard states.
(iv) Using the following data, calculate ΔH1.

enthalpy change of combustion of carbon = 393 kJ mol1
enthalpy change of combustion of hydrogen = 285 kJ mol1
enthalpy change of combustion of pentan-1-ol = 3331 kJ mol1 [2]
ΔH1 = ΔH3  ΔH2
= 5(393) + 6(285)  (3331)
= 344 kJ mol1

6
(b) Ammonia, NH3 is commonly used as a household cleaner to remove greasy dirt in
ovens. It is also used to clean windows as it evaporates quickly and does not leave
stains on glass.
25.0 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm−3 NH3 was titrated against dilute HNO3.
Fig. 2.1 shows the pH changes during the titration.
14
12
10
8
pH
6
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
volume of HNO3 added / cm3
Fig. 2.1
(i) Using the pH from Fig 2.1, calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions,
in mol dm−3, in 25.0 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm−3 solution of NH3. [1]
pOH = 14 -11.2 = 2.8
[OH] = 102.8 = 0.0015849 mol dm−3
 0.00158 mol dm−3
(ii) Explain how your answer in (b)(i) indicates that NH3 is a weak base. [1]
[OH] ≪ [NH3]
OR
The concentration of OH− produced from the dissociation of NH3 is lower than
the initial concentration of NH3.
Hence only partial dissociation has occured.

7
(iii) Using Fig. 2.1, state the volume of nitric acid required to reach the equivalence
point for this titration.
Hence, suggest the concentration of the nitric acid use in the titration. [1]
Volume of nitric acid required is 25 cm3.

Since mole ratio of NH3 and HNO3 is 1: 1, [HNO3] = 0.500 mol dm-3
(iv) Table 2.1 shows some acid-base indicators.

Table 2.1
colour in colour in pH range of colour

indicator
acid alkali change of indicator
alizarin yellow yellow orange 10.1 – 13.0
methyl orange red yellow 3.1 – 4.4
phenolphthalein colourless pink 8.2 – 10.0
Suggest which of the above indicator should be used for this titration.
State the colour change of your chosen indicator at the end-point of this titration.
indicator ………………………………………………………………………….
colour change …………………………………………………………………... [2]
methyl orange
yellow to orange

8
3 (a) Vapour of 0.2 mol phosphorus(III) chloride, 0.15 mol chlorine and 0.3 mol
phosphorus(V) chloride can exist in equilibrium in a 5.0 dm3 vessel at 230 oC.
PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) PCl5(g) ∆H < 0 kJmol-1
(i) Calculate the value of Kc at 230 oC, stating its unit. [2]
(0.3 / 5)
Kc   50.0 mol1dm3
(0.2 / 5)(0.15 / 5)
(ii) Suggest, with reasoning, whether lowering the temperature would favour the
formation of PCl5. [1]
When temperature is lowered, position of equilibrium shifts to the right to

favour forward exothermic reaction to produce more heat, hence producing
more PCl5.
(b) Phosphorus(V) chloride dissolves in polar solvents forming two ions [PCl4]+ and [PCl6]-.
Draw the dot-and-cross diagram and shape of [PCl4]+. [2]
Ion Dot-and-cross diagram Diagram of shape

+
Cl
[PCl4]+ P Cl
Cl Cl

9
4 (a) Carbon particles, oxides of carbon and nitrogen are commonly produced in the internal
combustion engines of cars. These substances have significant environmental
consequences if emitted into the atmosphere. Hence, catalytic converter is fitted to the
exhaust to reduce the amount of polluting substances emitted.
Fig 4.1 shows a catalytic converter that include a particle filter to remove solid particles
of carbon.
Fig 4.1
(i) The catalytic converter can remove nitrogen monoxide from the exhaust gases
along with carbon monoxide, CO, which is also formed.
The conversion of NO and CO into N2 and CO2, which occurs in two stages has
an overall ∆Hreaction = ─225 kJ mol-1. The oxygen produced in stage 1 is used in
stage 2. Both stages are exothermic
Stage 1 2NO(g) → N2(g) + O2(g)

Stage 2 2CO(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2(g)
Complete the reaction pathway diagram on Fig 4.2 for the overall reaction
between NO and CO which involves both of these stages.
[2]

10
Energy level of ∆H= -225 kJ mol-1

intermediate is
lower than
reactants
(ii) Write an equation to show how unburnt hydrocarbon, CxHy can be removed. [1]
CxHy + (x+y/4) O2 → x CO2 + y/2 H2O
(iii) Suggest why nitrogen monoxide is produced when petrol is burned in the internal
combustion engine but not produced when petrol is burned in a spirit burner in a
laboratory. [1]
Temperature in the car engine is high enough to break the strong triple
bond in N2 for combustion of N2 to occur.
(b) Diesel engines may also be fitted with a second catalytic converter to remove the
remaining oxides of nitrogen. The second converter uses ammonia as the reducing
agent. One possible reaction is shown by the following unbalanced equation.
NH3 + NO2 → N2 + H2O
(i) Deduce all the changes in oxidation number, stating which element is involved in
the change. [1]
Oxidation number of N in NH3 changes from -3 to 0 in N2.

Oxidation number of N in NO2 changes from +4 to 0 in N2.
(ii) Hence, balance the equation.
………… NH3 + ………… NO2 → …………. N2 + ……………. H2O

[1]
8 NH3 + 6 NO2 → 7 N2 + 12 H2O
(c) Silicon carbide, SiC, is strong and resistant to melting at high temperature of the
exhaust. Hence, it is a suitable material use for making the filter and for coating the Pt
catalyst.

11
(i) Suggest how the structure and bonding in SiC gives its properties above. [2]
Giant covalent structure

Extensive network of strong covalent bonding between Si and C atoms
needs a lot of energy to overcome.
This gives its strength and high melting point.
CLT (ii) Clusters of platinum catalyst coated onto fine powder of SiC in the converter is
found to be around 4 nm in size.
Explain how this greatly increase the catalytic activity of the Pt catalyst. [2]
The Pt is a nanoparticle since it is between 1-100 nm.

With this dimension, the Pt particles have greater/larger surface area to
volume ratio, resulting in a higher proportion of the particles at the surface
being able to react leading to increased antibacterial activity.

12
5 (a) Infra-red spectroscopy is a fast, reliable and cost-effective technique suitable for
analysis of polymers. The infra-red absorption frequencies in the spectrum give
information about the presence or absence of specific functional groups in a molecule
and can be used to determine the identity of the sample.
Three samples of polymers namely poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), polyethylene

terephthalate (PET) and polyacrylamide (PAM) were taken and analysed using infra-
red spectroscopy.
H H H H
O O
C C C C
C C OCH2CH2O
H OH n H C O n
n
NH2
PVA PET PAM

Table 5.1 shows some infra-red absorption frequencies in the spectra obtain from the
three polymers.
Table 5.1
Spectrum Infra-red absorption frequencies/cm-1
A 3100, 1740, 1050
B 3300, 1690
C 3200, 1100
Using relevant data from Data Booklet, assign the identity of the three polymers to the
relevant spectrum. Explain your answer. [6]
Spectrum Polymer Reasoning

A PET 3100 suggests presence of benzene
Or 1740 suggests presence of C=O in

ester.
Or 1740 and 1050 suggest presence of

C=O and C-O in ester.
[Do not accept only 1050 use for C-O bond

as they could be due to C-O in PVA.]
B PAM 1690 suggests presence of C=O in amide.
Or 3300 suggests presence of N-H.
C PVA 3200 suggests presence of O-H.
Or 1100 suggests presence of C-O in

alcohol.

13
(b) PVA can be cross-linked with pentane-1,5-dial to form a three-dimensional network of

polymer known as hydrogel. The hydrogel can swell in water and hold a large amount
of water while maintaining the structure. Water is a large constituents of human body.
Hence, hydrogel can be used for drug delivery in pharmaceutical field.
(i) Draw a simple well-labelled diagram to present the cross-links in hydrogel made
from PVA and pentane-1,5-dial.
[Structural formulae of molecules are not necessary in your diagram.] [2]
PVA
(ii) Explain, in terms of the structure and bonding, the properties exhibited by
hydrogel? [2]
Presence of –OH groups in PVA able to form hydrogen bondings with water
molecules hence making it hydrophilic.
Cross-linked covalent bonds strengthen the structure of the polymer giving
the 3D structure. Though the polymer can swell, the structure maintains due to
its strength.
(iii) Suggest whether hydrogel is classified as thermoplastic or thermosetting

polymer. [1]
Thermosetting as cross-links prevent the polymers from melting.

At high temperature, it decomposes.
(c) (i) State the type of polymerisation used to form PET. Hence, suggest the structures
of the two monomers use to form PET.
Condensation polymerisation
O O
HO C C OH HOCH2CH2OH

14
(ii) PET is commonly used as single-use food packaging. Explain why PET are
unsuitable for use in bottles storing pickles in acidic vinegar in terms of its
structure and bonding. [1]
PET contains ester functional groups in the polymer, which can be hydrolysed
by the acidic vinegar.
(d) State one negative impact from the use of non-recyclable plastics. [1]
Plastics are finite resources (economic factor)

Non-biodegradable resulting in landfill capacity exhausted
Or any sound impact.

15
6 A student proposed the following reaction scheme to synthesise R from P.

O O O
alkaline
CH2OH hot KMnO4 COOH CONH(CH3)
O O O
step 1 step 2
P Q R
(a) State the types of reaction in steps 1 and 2. [2]
step 1 : Oxidation
step 2 : condensation
(b) Suggest the reagents and conditions for step 2. [1]
CH3NH2 with DCC
(c) The student found that compound Q was not obtained as a major product in
step 1 in the reaction scheme. Instead, compound S was obtained.
Suggest the structure of compound S. [2]
O
-
COO-
O
-
OOC

16
Section B
Answer one question from this section, in the spaces provided.
7 (a) When briefly exposed to a bright light, a mixture of butane gas and chlorine gas reacts
to give 2-chlorobutane and hydrogen chloride gas.
CH3CH2CH2CH3(g) + Cl2(g)  CH3CH2CHClCH3 (g) + HCl(g) H
(i) Use relevant bond energy values given in the Data Booklet to calculate the
enthalpy change for this reaction, H. [1]
H = BE (Bonds broken) – BE(Bonds formed)

= [BE (C-H) + BE (Cl-Cl)] – [ BE(H-Cl) + BE (C-Cl) ]
= [ 410 + 244 ] – [ 431 + 340 ]
= –117 kJ mol–1
(ii) Draw arrows on the energy diagram below to show each of the bond breaking
and bond making steps you have used in your calculation above.
Label each level with the appropriate formulae. [3]
Accept: CH3CH2CHCH3 (g) + H(g) + 2Cl(g)

4C(g) + 10H(g) + 2Cl(g)
energy CH3CH2CH2CH3(g) + 2Cl(g)

/kJ
CH3CH2CH2CH3(g) + Cl2(g)
H
CH3CH2CHClCH3 (g) + HCl(g)
(iii) Suggest why the reaction only starts when it is exposed to bright light. [1]
Light is required to provide energy to overcome the activation energy so as
to kick start the reaction.
OR
Light is required to provide energy to break the Cl–Cl bond, forming the Cl
radicals in order to start the reaction.

17
(iv) State the type of reaction between butane and chlorine. [1]
(Free radical) substitution reaction
(v) Suggest why the reaction continues with increasing rate after the brief exposure
to the bright light has stopped. [1]
Since the reaction is exothermic, the heat produced causes an increase in

temperature [1]. Thus, the rate of reaction increases.
(vi) In the reaction of butane with chlorine, another mono-chlorinated compound S is

formed. Draw the structural formulae of this mono-chlorinated compound S.
Hence, suggest the statistical ratio of this compound S and
2-chlorobutane? [2]
Cl
H C CH2CH2CH3
H
Compound S
ratio of Compound S : 2-chlorobutane = 3 : 2
(b) Under suitable conditions, 2-chlorobutane can be converted into two structural isomers
of butene, of which one exhibit cis-trans isomerism.
 Suggest the reagent and condition for this reaction.

 Draw the displayed formula of the pair of cis-trans isomers. [3]
reagent and conditions: ethanolic NaOH/ KOH, Heat
H H
H H H H C H
H
H C C H C C
H C H
C C
H H H H

18
(c) Carboxylic acid reacts with Group 1 metals in the following reaction.
1
RCOOH(aq) + M(s)  RCOO–M+(aq) + 2H2(g) where M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs
(i) Suggest how you would expect the reactivity of Group 1 metals with carboxylic
acid to change down the group. Explain your answer in terms of its reducing
ability. [3]
The reactivity of Group 1 metals with carboxylic acid will increase down the
group.
Down the group,

 Atomic radius increases / valence electrons are further away from the
nucleus/ number of filled electron shells increases.
 There is weaker electrostatic forces of attraction between the nucleus and
valence electrons
 Metal loses their valence electrons to form cation more easily
Metal have greater tendency to be oxidised
(ii) Suggest with reasoning, whether you expect the same volume of hydrogen gas
to be evolved in each case when excess carboxylic acid of same concentration
is added separately to 5 g of different group 1 metal powders.
[No calculation required.] [3]
Going down group 1 elements, the volume of hydrogen gas evolved will
decrease.
The limiting reagent is Group 1 metal.
Going down Group 1 elements, the atomic mass increases hence the number
of moles of Group 1 metal will decreased, resulting in less moles of hydrogen
gas evolved.
(iii) Group 1 metals are often used in borohydrides, LiBH4, NaBH4 and KBH4, as
reducing agents in organic chemistry.
The greater the charge density of the metal cation, the stronger the reducing
power of the borohydrides.
Identify the strongest reducing agent among the three Group 1 borohydrides
listed above and explain your answer. [2]
Strongest reducing agent : LiBH4

Among the Group 1 cations, all 3 ions have the same charge of +1 but Li+ has
the smallest ionic radius.
Li+ has the largest charge density and hence, LiBH4 is the strongest reducing
agent.

19
8 (a) In an experiment to determine the maximum change in temperature when sulfuric acid
is added to sodium hydroxide, 30 cm3 of sodium hydroxide is transferred to a
polystyrene cup.
The initial temperature of the sodium hydroxide before sulfuric acid is added is
measured and recorded.
5.0 cm3 portions of aqueous 0.7 mol dm3 sulfuric acid are added to the polystyrene
cup. The temperature of the solution in the cup is measured after each addition.
The maximum temperature occurs when complete neutralisation has been achieved.
The results are shown in Fig. 8.1
volume of aqueous sulfuric acid / cm3
Fig. 8.1
(i) Draw two separate straight lines of best fit on Fig 8.1.
The first line should take into account the increasing temperatures.
The second line should take into account the decreasing temperatures.
Extend these lines until they intersect.
Use your graph to determine the maximum temperature rise, Tmax, of the
experiment. Show your working. [2]

20
Tmax
28.1
Line 1
Line 2
23.5
volume of aqueous sulfuric acid / cm3
Note: Random error is considered when drawing Line 2

Tmax is higher than all the points since it is an extrapolated value.
∆Tmax = 28.1-20.3 = 7.8 oC
(ii) Use your graph to determine the volume of sulfuric acid required to neutralise
the sodium hydroxide and hence, determine the concentration of sodium
hydroxide.
Show on your graph how you determined this volume. [3]
VH2SO4 = 23.50 cm3
23.5
nH2SO4 = ×0.7=0.01645 mol
1000
H2SO4  2NaOH
nNaOH = 2 x 0.01645 = 0.0329 mol
0.0329
[NaOH] = = 1.097 mol dm -3 =1.10 mol dm -3
30
1000

21
(iii) Use your answers in (a)(i) and (a)(ii), calculate the energy, in kJ, evolved during
the reaction.
You should assume that the specific heat capacity of the reaction mixture is
4.18 J g1 K1 and the density of each solution is 1.00 g cm3. [1]
Heat evolved = m C ∆Tmax

= [(23.50 + 30.0) x1.00] x4.18x7.8
=1744 J
= 1.74 kJ
(iv) Using your answer to (a)(iii), calculate a value for the enthalpy change of
neutralisation, in kJ mol1, for the reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium
hydroxide. [1]
The point where Line 1 and Line 2 intersect shows the stoichiometry of the
reaction between H2SO4 and NaOH.
Hence, number of moles of water formed = nNaOH =0.0329 mol
½H2SO4 + NaOH  ½Na2SO4 + H2O
1.744
∆Hneutralisation = - = - 53.0 kJ mol-1
0.0329
(v) Suggest how the student’s calculated value for enthalpy change of neutralisation
in (a)(iv) differ from the literature value. [1]
The student’s calculated value for enthalpy change of neutralisation in (a)(iv) will
be less exothermic than the literature value.
(b) When aqueous chlorine is added to an acidic solution containing Mn2+ ions, a black
precipitate of MnO2 is formed.
(i) Write an equation for the reaction between Mn2+ ions and aqueous chlorine. [2]
Half-equations:
Cl2 + 2e  2Cl–
Mn2+ + 2H2O  MnO2 + 4H+ + 2e
Overall Equations:
Cl2 + Mn2+ + 2H2O  2Cl– + MnO2 + 4H+
(ii) Explain why this is a redox reaction, in terms of oxidation numbers. [1]
oxidation number of Cl : 0 to –1
oxidation number of Mn: +2 to +4

22
(iii) There is no redox reaction when bromine is added to a solution containing Mn2+
ions. Explain the difference in observations between chlorine and bromine with
Mn2+ in terms of ease of gaining of electrons. [3]
Chlorine is a stronger oxidising agent compared to bromine.
Chlorine has a smaller atomic radius than bromine, hence there are stronger
electrostatic forces of attraction between the nucleus of chlorine and its
valence electrons.
Therefore, ease of gaining electrons is higher for chlorine than bromine.
(c) 2–bromopentane reacts with CH3CH2O–Na+ in the solvent ethanol according to the
following equation.
Cl
+ CH3CH2O + Cl + CH3CH2OH
(i) Name the type of reaction that occurred. [1]
Type of reaction: Elimination
(ii) Draw the two isomers of the product pent-2-ene and name the type of isomerism
they exhibit.
Explain why pent-2-ene show the type of isomerism, with reference to one of
your diagrams. [4]
CH3CH2 CH3 H CH3
C C C C
H H CH3CH2 H
Type of isomerism :Cis-Trans Isomerism

There is restricted rotation about a C=C double bond and
two different groups attached to each C atom of the C=C double bond ,
CH3CH2 is different from H and CH3 is different from H.
(iii) State the observations when pent-2-ene reacts with aqueous bromine. [1]
Observations: Orange aqueous bromine decolourised.

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2021 JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write in soft pencil.

Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.

Multiple Choice Answer Sheet

Shade the NRIC / FIN number.

Exam Title: JC2 Preliminary Exam

Exam Details: H1 Chemistry / Paper 1

This document consists of 14 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

ASRJC JC2 PRELIM 2021 8873/01/H1 [Turn over

1 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

Neon exists as three isotopes, 20Ne, 21Ne and 22Ne.

What are the products of the reaction?

3 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

How many hydrogen atoms are present in 4.5 g of butanone?

A 25 cm3 B 35 cm3 C 50 cm3 D 75 cm3

ASRJC JC2 PRELIM 2021 8873/01/H1

5 Paramagnetism is a relatively weak magnetic force produced by unpaired electrons. It is

Which atom has the greatest paramagnetism?

A magnesium B silicon C phosphorus D sulfur

6 Which species has the biggest bond angle?

A CO32 B SF6 C NH4+ D OCl2

NH3(l) NH4Cl(s) CH3CONH2(l)

8 Which types of bonding are present in lithium aluminum hydride, LiAlH4?

1 co–ordinate (dative covalent)

A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

ASRJC JC2 PRELIM 2021 8873/01/H1 [Turn over

What is the oxidation state of the manganese in the reduced form?

Which of the following statements about these elements are true?

1 Sodium oxide has a giant lattice of ions.

ASRJC JC2 PRELIM 2021 8873/01/H1

temperature / C Kw / mol2 dm6

What can be deduced from this information?

B The equilibrium lies more to the left as temperature increases.

C The [H+] increases while the [OH] decreases as temperature increases.

D The pH of water at 50 C is 6.6.

What is the pH of the solution?

A 2.7 B 11.0 C 11.4 D 11.6

1 0.05 mol dm–3 HCl and 0.10 mol dm–3 CH3CO2Na

ASRJC JC2 PRELIM 2021 8873/01/H1 [Turn over

Xenon–131 is a radioactive isotope and it has a half–life of 11.8 days.

A 0.0313 B 0.125 C 0.937 D 0.969

[T] = 1.0 moldm–3

What is the rate equation for the reaction between S and T?

ASRJC JC2 PRELIM 2021 8873/01/H1

17 The rate of a reaction is measured in mol dm–3 min–1.

Which row is correct?

Overall order of reaction Units of the rate constant

A zero mol1 dm3 min1

C second mol1 dm3 min1

D third mol3 dm9 min1

18 A sample of nitrogen monoxide gas is maintained at a constant temperature of 500 K.

Which statement describes this situation?

A At equilibrium, there are more NO gas present than N2 and O2 gas.

B When pressure of reaction is reduced, more NO gas is produced.

D At equilibrium, NO is formed at the same rate as it decomposes.

19 Given that the following reversible reaction take place at T oC,

Which of the following factor affects the Kc value?

B Addition of suitable catalyst.

C Increase in the concentration of X.

ASRJC JC2 PRELIM 2021 8873/01/H1 [Turn over