The Binomial Distribution

 A Binomial Random Variable

 n identical trials
 Two outcomes: Success or Failure
 P(S) = p; P(F) = q = 1 – p
 Trials are independent
 x is the number of Successes in n trials

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 The Binomial Distribution
 A Binomial Random
Variable
 n identical trials Flip a coin 3 times
 Two outcomes: Success Outcomes are Heads or Tails
or Failure
 P(S) = p; P(F) = q = 1 – p P(H) = .5; P(F) = 1-.5 = .5
 Trials are independent A head on flip i doesn’t
 x is the number of S’s in n change P(H) of flip i + 1
trials

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The Binomial Distribution

 The Binomial Probability Distribution

 p = P(S) on a single trial
 q=1–p
 n = number of trials
 x = number of successes

 n  x n x
P( x)    p q
 x
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The Binomial Distribution

 The Binomial Probability Distribution

 n  x n x
P( x)    p q
 x
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The Binomial Distribution

 Say 40% of the  n  x n x

class is female. P ( x)    p q
 x
 What is the 10  6 106
probability that 6   (.4 )(.6 )
of the first 10 6
students walking  210 (.004096 )(.1296 )
in will be female?  .1115

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The Binomial Distribution

 A Binomial Random Variable has

Mean   np
Variance  2  npq
Standard Deviation   npq

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The Poisson Distribution
x 
e
P( x) 
x!
  = mean number of occurrences in the
given unit of time, area, volume, etc.
 e = 2.71828….
 µ=
 2 = 

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The Poisson Distribution
 Say in a given stream there are an average
of 3 striped trout per 100 yards. What is the
probability of seeing 5 striped trout in the
next 100 yards, assuming a Poisson
distribution?
x 
e 3e 5 3
P ( x  5)    .1008
x! 5!

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The Poisson Distribution
 How about in the next 50 yards, assuming a
Poisson distribution?
 Since the distance is only half as long,  is only
half as large.

x 
e 1.5 e 5 1.5
P( x  5)    .0141
x! 5!

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 If X is a Poisson variate P(X = 2) = 9P(X = 4) + 90P(X = 6),
find mean and variance of X.

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Continuous Distributions

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Example 1

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Solution:

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Example 2

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Solution:

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Example 3

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Gamma Distribution

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Example 1

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Solution:

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Normal Distribution

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