Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Learner’s Packet
Trends, Network and
Critical Thinking in the
21st Century Culture
Grade 12
Quarter 4
i
Table of Contents
( Quarter 4)
I. DEMOCRATIC INTERVENTIONS iv
ii
Parts of the Learning Packet
( adapted from Pivot Learning Material)
iii
Trends, Network and
Critical Thinking in the
21st Century Culture
Grade 12
Quarter 4
Democratic Interventions
(Week 9-10)
iv
Democratic Form of Government,
WEEK
Practices and Approaches
Lesson 1
3.
1
WHAT IS NEW?
I
Then, in 3-5 sentences, explain why you agree with the sentences and
expound why you disagree with some of the sentences.
In 2-5 sentences, describe your illustration and your feeling why you aspire to
have that kind of environment.
2
WHAT I KNOW?
D
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B. Based on what you have learned from local government agency what are the
practices that your friends, family members, friends and you are experiencing
during the following situations? Write it inside the box.
Calamities
Election
COVID-19 Pandemic
3
WHAT I KNOW?
D
Learning Task 5: Let`s Reveal!
In this activity, you are going to write the manifestation of democracy
in the Philippines by each practices in each places.
Manifestation of Democracy in the Philippines
Examples of Home School Church
Democratic
Practices
Democracy
Characteristics Examples
4
WHAT IS IN?
D
Do you wonder why, we need to know and understand how we are be-
ing governed by our elected officials? Based on your observation, how are we
being attended to by our local officials and our national officials?
5
WHAT IS IT?
D
Democracy is a procedure and a mirror image where members of
a particular group will reach a shared decision that will be used in the
practice. According to Catt,1999 uttered,” It is easier to consider the
procedures that are specified for decision making than to look at the
details of a particular decision. It is the heart of politics because it focuses
at ways to deal with power conflicts in society. They relate on decision
making problem which the populace decisions are considered.
6
WHAT IS IT?
D
Other types of Democracies
7
WHAT IS IT?
D
Grassroots post its conviction in small distributed entities of the local
government using urban separation to build a lawful authority to create
judgments for the community level binding.
Guided urges amplified autocracy making citizens exercise political
rights in the absence of affecting government’s policies, goals, and
plans.
Interactive uses information technology where citizens propose the latest
policies, proposals and vote on these proposed laws through a plebiscite.
Jeffersonian promotes its principles from Thomas Jefferson who was a
proponent of political equality and fought against the privilege,corruption,
as a well as aristocracy in the government.
8
WHAT IS IT?
D
We are able to identify the types of democracy and how the people
exercise these types of democracy in their country or locality. Among the 24
other types of democracy, we, Filipino people have practiced several or com-
bination of these types.
2.
3.
4.
5.
9
WHAT IS IT?
D
As citizen, we participate in the implementation of our government’s laws,
policies, and ordinances in order to have order and peace in our community.
It is nice that people cooperate in the programs and projects of our leaders. These
pro- grams and projects are for the good of the citizens. But there are times that
we are not only participants but also, we are appointed or elected as
representative to direct, guide, and delegate some tasks for the proper
implementation of the program or projects. Being participants and
representatives are two roles in a democracy.
10
WHAT IS MORE?
E
Learning Task 9: Observation and Reflection Writing
Questions:
Are you given an equal right to vote during election time in order to
choose a new set of student leaders?
Does the election provide a social mechanism that allows the majority
of the Filipinos to influence important decisions by electing leaders from
a number of candidates?
11
WHAT I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 10 : Compare/Contrast
Participatory Representative
12
WHAT ELSE I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 11 : Living Out
13
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED?
A
Learning Task 12: I Learned
14
Answers
15
References
Dela Cruz, A. (2017). The Padayon Series: Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking
in the 21st Century Culture. Phoenix Publishing House, Quezon City, Philippines.
Mendoza, D. (2016). The Padayon Series: Politics Without Borders, Political Institu-
tions, Economic Growth, and Democracy: The Substitute Effect Carlos Pereira and
Vladimir TelesWednesday, J a n 19, 2011
SyGaco, S.(2017). Through the Looking Glass: Trends, Networks and CriticalThinking
in the 21st Century,Great Books Trading,Quezon City, Philippines.
16
Prevailing Political and
WEEK
Social Institutions
Lesson 1 10
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?
I
This learning packet will help and guide you with the concepts
on democratic interventions prevailing in political and social
institutions and formulation on viable alternative to undemocratic
practices. This will realize the learning competencies:
17
WHAT IS NEW?
I
Write TRUE if the issue is on the intervention prevailing political and social
institution and FALSE if it does not.
In 3-5 sentences, express your views regarding the goal of democratic society.
Draw how you as a citizen of this country stabilize the development of good
citizenship. Then describe it and why you wish you do that.
18
WHAT I KNOW?
D
The goal of a democratic society is to stabilize the development of good
citizenship. It was stressed that citizen should participate in political activities.
If there is active participation, inequalities will be expressed.It is shown
that citizens are influenced by the environment. Socializing is the motivating
factor that influenced children and adults. They learned in school, peers,
church congregation and political events. Mass media has tremendous effects
to children and young adults with regard to political aspect. Media is
considered agenda setting, priming and framing.
Criteria of assessment:
19
WHAT I KNOW?
D
Philippine democracy is the oldest and experience the longest struggle
for its democratic consolidation. The effective functioning of democracy or
consolidation refers to the culmination of democratization as a process of
democratic institution-building (Abueva, 1997).
Formal and informal rules and operation embodied the constitution will be
accepted and understood.
Two democratic elections of the highest political leaders have been Held from
the time the new democratic government is founded.
There are some common practices that are immoral but still need to be
corrected. Recall a film that shows undemocratic practices and find ways
how to solve such problem.
Problems Causes Intervention/
Remediation
20
WHAT IS IN?
D
Political equality
People have equal rights to run for public office. If a person qualifies for
the fundamental requirements in order to run for public office. Political
equality is not acceptable in politics for there is equality in politics. The
argument is that only with financial resources, political resources, political
connections and popularity have the chance to run for public office. In the
Philippines, only the government official who are holding position have the
mechanism for more people to enjoy political equality. The birth of party-list
gave proportional representations in the House of Representatives of the
marginalized or under presented national, regional, and sectorial parties in the
Philippines. This party-list system gives smaller political parties, marginalized,
underrepresented, and financial inadequate sectors to be given the voice in
Congress. These sectors are the Women’s sector , Labor groups , Migrants ,
Teachers, Farmers, Indigenous people, Urban Poor people. This system is noble
but it is being used by some political parties who are not qualified for an
election. There is controversy on this that leads to the abolishment of this
system.
21
WHAT IS IT?
D
Citizens are the heart or the center of a country. They are working
for the good of the nation. Good governance of the elected officials will
lead the citizens to follow or retaliate to their promulgated laws.
Consultation
Governments serve the interests of the citizen. They do not know the
needs and interest of the people. So, consultation must be done. They
have to be responsive to these needs and interests in order to know the
public opinions of their constituents. There are several ways how to
respond to get the opinions of the people. They can utilize survey polls,
mass media as conduit to government, town hall meetings, press
conferences and other related strategies to gather people’s sentiments
both local and national platforms.
Free Press
22
WHAT IS IT?
D
Civil society is necessary and important in a democratic society. It is defined
as intermediate organizations in between primary units of society that will
comprise the following: Individuals, Families, Clans, Ethnic Groups,
Governmental Agencies and Government Institutions.
23
WHAT IS IT?
D
Learning Task 6: Living Out
Explain the following elements in 2-5 sentences.
Political equality
Free Press
Popular Consultation
24
WHAT IS MORE?
E
Learning Task 8: Critical Thinking
Read and analyze the question. Write you ideas critically and logically.
1. Why do citizens participate in the electoral process?
2. How do elected government officials practice the rule of the majority?
3. How important is civil society in a democratic state? Explain your answer.
4. What comprises a global civil society?
25
WHAT I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 9: Compare/Contrast
26
WHAT ELSE I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 10 : Push
27
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED?
A
Learning Task 11: I Learned
28
References
Dela Cruz, A. (2017). The Padayon Series: Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking
in the 21st Century Culture. Phoenix Publishing House, Quezon City, Philippines.
Mendoza, D. (2016). The Padayon Series: Politics Without Borders, Political Institu-
tions, Economic Growth, and Democracy: The Substitute Effect Carlos Pereira and
Vladimir TelesWednesday, J a n 19, 2011
SyGaco, S.(2017). Through the Looking Glass: Trends, Networks and Critical Think-
ing in the 21st Century,Great Books Trading,Quezon City, Philippines.
29
Answers
30
Trends, Network and
Critical Thinking in the
21st Century Culture
Grade 12
Quarter 4
Information Communications and
Technology
(Week 11-12)
31
Information Communications Technology : WEEK
Dimensions, Benefits and Challenges
Lesson 1 11
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?
I
This learning packet will help and guide you with the concepts on
technology, especially the improvement of the power communications. ICT is
providing an extraordinary opportunity to nurture our problem-solving skills,
communication skills, creativity, critical thinking and innovation. At the end
of the lesson, you will be able to:
3. Explain the weakest link in a system using strategic and intuitive thinking
WHAT IS NEW?
I
32
WHAT I KNOW?
D
Learning Task 2: Let`s Segregate!
WHAT`S IN
D
Learning Task 3: Concept Map
33
WHAT IS IN
D
Learning Task 3 ( Continuation)
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10
Reflective Questions:
1. How should each ICT tool be viewed in the light of our realizations from
our activities?
3. How some ICT tools are usable in one context but not in other context?
34
WHAT IS IT?
D
ICT stands for “Information and Communication Technology”.
From these three words we can define ICT as “a combination of
technological tools and resources that are used to manipulate and
communication the information. It refers to technologies that provide
access to information through telecommunication. It is similar to Infor-
mation Technology (IT) but focuses primarily on communication tech-
nologies. This includes the internet, wireless networks, cell phones and
other communication mediums.
According to UNESCO “ICT is a
scientific, technological and engineering
discipline and management technique used
in handling information, its application and
association with social, economic andcultural
matters. Here technological tools are the
electronic & digital devices like computers,
Internet and broadcasting technologies etc.
Guide questions:
1. What are the dimensions of ICT and how does it bring about
delivery of social services in both the urban and rural setting?
35
WHAT IS IT?
D The Four Dimensions OF ICT
I. Computing
36
WHAT IS IT?
D
1.1 Transition to Broadband
The World bank and the Broadband Commission have described
broadband as high-speed internet access, which is always on and capable of
undertaking multiple service provisions and functions. This definition renders the
traditional threshold of 256 kbps obsolete since it can no longer support many of
today’s computer applications.
Broadband networks in developed countries have rapidly become the norm
for regular households but its deployment in developing countries istaking place
at a much slower pace. In 2014, developed countries had an estimated average
fixed broadband penetration rate of 27.5%, which is significantly higher than the
6.1% in developing countries and 0.3 % in Less Developed Countries (LDCs).
The increase in broadband networks is supported by a considerablegrowth
in international bandwidth capacity. Developing countries account for 30% of
International bandwidth in 2014, compared with the 9% ten years prior. Despite
this increase, it has to be noted that huge discrepancies still exist between the
international bandwidth per Internet user and even bigger differences in
bandwidth per inhabitant across the different regions in theworld. This would
partly explain the complaints for the slow internet connection we have in our
country.
Broadband is an essential element in the national ICT strategy. The
availability of high-quality connectivity that allows for example, uninterrupted
video streaming and computerized stock trading, makes for effortless business
transactions and a more vibrant consumption behavior. Infrastructure
development must continue in order to achieve the national goals related to ICT.
(178)
1.2 Cloud computing and the Cloud economy
Cloud computing is another innovation in the field of computer technology.
Limited storage, corruption of files, expensive cost of computation, and
application hosting are just among the problem’s computer users encounterwhen
they store their files in their personal hard drive or when they develop their own
software programs. Cloud computing addresses these problems by connecting a
large pool of systems, whether public or private, in order to provide an
infrastructure for computation, data and file storage. When you store your photos
online instead on your own personal computer terminal, a webmail, a social
networking site, or an online business application, you are using cloud
computing. This model allows for easier transactions because different kinds of
computing services can be delivered over the internet and can be accessed
remotely for as long as you have a portable or mobile device with web access.
(Dela Cruz , 179)
37
WHAT IS IT?
D
Cloud providers offer services that fall under three categories: software as
a service provides internet-based applications that are hosted on a cloud and
offered as services to end users. Multiple end users are services with a single
service run on the cloud. The customers are able to get the service that they need
without paying huge sums for servers and software licenses. The providers are
similarly benefited with lower costs since only a single application needs to be
hosted and maintained. Examples of software as a service cloud computing
models are Google doc and Acrobat.com. Platform as a service, on the other hand,
allows the end user to design. develop, build, and test applications using the
platform provided by the cloud infrastructure. In this cloud computing model, a
layer of software and development environment is offered as a service from which
other higher levels of service can be built upon. Examples of plat- form as a service
cloud computing models are Google app engine and Azure Service Platform. Lastly
infrastructure as a service computing model provides basic storage and
computing capabilities using servers, storage systems, networking equipment,
and the like. It is pay-per-use model that allows the customer to use his own
software on the infrastructure. Examples of these are Amazon Web Services and
GoGrid.
38
WHAT IS IT?
D
Datafication is the term used to describe an organizational trend to the
process of putting together all the tools and technology needed to transform a
business into a data-driven enterprise. Datafication takes place mostly in
developed countries where there is already a reliable and high-quality
communications infrastructure but is also expected to rise in developing
countries with the continuous upgrade of their computing and communications
capabilities.
39
WHAT IS IT?
D
The toll operator simply collects the payment and gives change if needed.
A smart system may also use collected data to take action without human
intervention. Smart cars have been reportedly driving by itself without a driver,
almost in a similar fashion that planes can be flown on auto-pilot. The four
principles of smart infrastructures are data, analysis, feedback, and adaptability.
Data is at the heart of smart technology. It is this information that will be
interpreted and analyzed using mathematical models, which then produces
reliable decision-making tools for governments and organizations to use.
Feedback within a smart system provides opportunities to improve performance.
A smart system has to be adaptable to varying demands and con- ditions,
including future developments in the technology.
Envision the details and features of a smart classroom. The design should
incorporate both the kinds of software and the hardware that will be used, and
the layout of the classroom. The goal of the smart classroom is to enhance student
learning. Describe in detail how computing features like the use of broadband,
use of the cloud, datafication and smart systems will be applied in this classroom
setting.
II. COMMUNICATIONS
One of the most dramatic changes that have taken place in the field of
communications is the rapid spread of mobile telephony. Before the advent of
mobile networks, teledensity or the number of telephone connections per one
hundred people in a specified geographic area, in many less developed countries
in less than 1%. By 2010, mobile teledensity in developing countries had reached
an astounding two-thirds of population. Greater connectivity is also facilitated by
the fact that mobile telephones can offer viable internet access. This trend
toward using mobile phones since 2010 continues, Eighty-sixpercent of telephone
subscriptions worldwide have already turned mobile, including eight-nine percent
in developing countries and ninety-eight percent in sub- Saharan Africa as of
2015. (184)
40
WHAT IS IT?
D
Developing countries have felt the impact of the most where, for the first
time, people are allowed to communicate instantaneously at a distance wherever
they may be for as long as there is an existing network that services the area.
Third generation networks (3G) that enable Internet access are now available in
both developed and developing countries, though it may be unreliable in some
rural areas. Higher capacity (4G) networks are also now available. Mobile devices
have become the primary mode of Internet access for many users not only in
developed, but also in developing countries. Other trends that have emerged since
2010 are:
Mobile phones now perform multiple other functions aside from its primary
purpose as a telephone. It is now a digital device that can serve the function of a
radio, a camera, a flashlight, an alarm clock, an audio and video player, and many
more.
The widespread availability and use of smart phones have led to the
creation of new mobile applications (“apps”), or small computer programs that
allow mobile devices to substitute for personal computers. Table computers have
also emerged with built-in functions of personal computers in portable devices
and designed to be continuously online and use cloud services. As with
smartphones, the use of tablet computers has increased following its adoption
of government and international agencies, which sees it as an important
development tool. (Dela Cruz et al. 2017, 185-186)
41
WHAT IS IT?
D
III. CONTENT
In small and medium scale enterprises, for instance, ICT enables more
cost-effective sourcing supplies, greater market reach, and better quality of goods.
ICT can also improve supply chain management and reduce information
asymmetry among producers, traders, retailers and consumers therebyimproving
market efficiency.
42
WHAT IS IT?
D
According to Dela Cruz, et.al (2018, 187-189) the Benefits of the ICT are the following:
The ICT industry is, and continues to be one of the largest sources of Employ-
ment. According to the National Statistics Office (NSO), of the 202,794 formal
establishments recorded in 2011, 8.3% belong to core ICT group and support or
peripheral ICT group, which employs a total of 915,915 workers. From the core
ICT group, the greatest number of establishments are found in ICT enabled ser-
vices, broadcast media, and computer hardware, while the ones that employ the
greatest number of workers are IT-BPM, electronics and semiconductors, and
computer hardware firms.
The emergency of ICT paved the way for public services to gain greater accessi-
bility by using online channels and mobile phones. ICT has also led to the crea-
tion of a completely new sector, which is the app industry. Studies show that
the Facebook app alone has created more than 182,000 jobs in 2011, and that
the aggregate value of the Facebook app economy exceeds USD 12 billion
ICT has pushed the boundaries of the workplace structure. Being employed
nowadays does not have to mean being physically present in an actual company
or establishment. A new platform called “microwork” which is literally the
smallest unit of work in a virtual assembly line, can employ people locatedat
remotest of areas and bring income to their household without even stepping out
of their abode. This new business model is developed by companies like Upwork,
Amazon, and Sama source which allows people to sign up online to do bite-sized
computer -based tasks like translating chunks of text into different languages for
an electronic firm wanting a local translation for its books.
4. Business innovation
ICT provides all the needed tools for business expansion and innovation. These
days, most businesses prefer to fully employ all that ICT has to offer in terms of
bringing more efficiency in the manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of
their goods and services.
43
WHAT IS IT?
D
Challenges (Weakness or the downside of using ICT in general)
We have established that each ICT tool has its benefits and strengths. The best
ICT tool is not necessarily the new or expensive one; the best ICT tool is actually
dependent on the situation or context. For today’s discussion, we will look into
the downside of using ICT in general. While the potential benefits of ICT are
abundant, some challenges still need to be addressed in order to maximize the
full gains from investing in this technology.
Computing- Personal computers are still prohibitively expensive for many. This
is the reason why shared access through community centers and cybercafés I still
practiced. Some of the other costs that come with computer ownershipcome
from the maintenance of security, upgrades, compatibility of the hardware and
software, and adding accessory devices like printers, scanners, speakersand
the like. Complementary technologies that are non-PC devices like mobile phones
should be made into a viable option.
Content- In several cases, content is not meaningful or locally relevant to the end
users. The system today tends to make the consumers passive recipients of
information instead of creators and producers of local information. In addition,
rich content required multimedia, which in turn, requires a consistent and
reliable broadband connectivity.
44
WHAT IS IT?
D
Mirandilla-Santos’ 2016 article, cited in (Arzadon 2018) stated that there
are large costs involved and poorer students / educational establishments can
end up being disadvantaged. This is often referred to as being a factor in the
digital divide. The digital divide exists between those in city centers and those in
remote rural areas between the literate and illiterate; between the educated and
the uneducated, between socioeconomic groups; and globally, between high
income countries or those who are industrially developed and low-income
countries. It can also exist within a community or within populations with access
to uneven forms of technology. Some public schools in the Philippines for instance,
have low-performance computers, low speed Internet connections, and limited
access to software, this can happen even in schools located in provincial capitals.
She also reiterated that it can also be in the context of a nation-state and
how it is at par with other nation states. In the Philippines, a country that is
classified by the World Economic Forum as belonging to the lower-middle income
bracket, the effects of the digital divide are manifested in various ways. For one,
the Philippines together with India, reported the lowest average connection speeds
in the Asia Pacific region, with only a speed of 5.5 megabits per second (mbps).
Compare this with South Korea ‘s 28.8 mbps connection speed. Still in the Asia
Pacific region, Japan ranks first in Internet penetration at 92%, while the
Philippines logged in at 41%. While internet penetration in the country continues
to grow, it does so at a much slower pace compared to our ASEAN neighbors.
The cost of Internet service is also an aspect to look at. According to the
report filed by the inter-agency group Arangkada Philippines in 2016, the
Philippine broadband service is one of the most expensive in the world while
offering the lowest value for money in terms of download speed experienced
vis-a vis the cost of a monthly subscription plan. Looking at the real price of
data services vis-à-vis the purchasing power of Internet users, the survey showed
that a typical Filipino minimum -wage estimated at $0.69 per hour earner needs
to log in over 10 hours of work to afford 1 GB, the second worst in ASEAN. The
same bandwidth is more affordable in neighboring countries, such as Vietnam,
Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. (Arzadon 2018, p.87)
45
WHAT IS IT?
D
The Manifestations of Digital Divide
(Adapted from Andreasson,2015)
Access It starts with access or lack thereof. Although Internet
penetration has increased, it continues to be a key barrier
as more people around the world remain offline than
online.
Age Older people are more likely unable to access ICT services
and facilities than younger populations despite the nation
that they could benefit from online social and health
services.
Bandwidth Connection speeds and bandwidth vary greatly.
Philippine bandwidth and connection speeds lag behind
our Asian counterparts.
Content The creation and consumption of local content are
important because the quality of digital usage depends on
the context and language being received by the user. Most
of the content found on the internet is written in English,
which may not be spoken by the online users.
Cost Socioeconomic status inhibits most from maintaining
their subscriptions to internet service providers.
46
WHAT IS MORE?
E
Learning Task 4: Hi Five!
A. Give at least 5 different ways in which technology has helped you in your
daily activities.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B. Questions to ponder on
1. What changes and adjustments have ICT brought into our everyday lives?
2. How does it exert influence on our lives as citizens? How does it link up
communities and nations?
3. What are its potentials in making our world a better place for all humankind?
47
WHAT I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 9: Program Plan
RUBRICS
Ideas and Content-10 pts.
Organization-5 pts.
Sentence structure-5 pts.
TOTAL=20 pts.
Organization:
The developed program follows a clear and logical train of thought
set by the thesis. The introduction and conclusion are effec- tive and
the writer always uses topic sentences and effective transi- tions.
Sentence structure:
Points of view are always appropriate to the purpose. Sentences
are excellent throughout and the developed program is rich in accu-
rate and specific word choices. The writer uses correct grammar,
spelling and punctuation.
48
WHAT ELSE I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 10 : Let`s Learn More !
To learn more about the digital society, watch the
WATCH video below:
“Digital Society Explained”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8UZC-9QZ9jo
As you watch jot down notes on the explanation of the digital society
and answer the following questions. What other benefits does it bring? How are
these happening in your own situations? Write your answers in
the space provided.
On digital structural change. (Effects are on daily social and economic lives people
engage in more interactively)
On open innovation. (Where new forms of participation give rise to new ways of
doing things. Traditional values are broken and have become modernized with
new strategies.)
On open and free culture. (With more virtual forums and interactions,
structural plans and blueprints are accessible and adaptable.
49
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED?
A
Key Takeaways
• Moore ‘s Law is used to describe the pace of change in ICT capabilities. This
law makes the observation that the capacity of critical ICT components,
networks, and devices has been doubling every eighteen months to two
years for the past five decades.
• Internet connectivity refers to the way people are hooked up to the Internet,
and may include dial-up telephone lines, always-on broadband connections,
and wireless devices.
• Digital divide is a term that refers to the gap between demographics and
regions that have access to modern information and communications
technology, and those that don't or have restricted access. This technology
can include the telephone, television, personal computers and the Internet.
50
WHAT I CAN ACHIEVE?
A
Learning Task 11: Critical Thinking
Essay: Answer the following questions:
1. How does ICT contribute to national development?
2. How do the four dimensions of ICT bring about delivery of social services in
both the urban and rural setting?
3. Can I live without information communications technology? Explain your
answer.
51
ASSESSMENT
I. Multiple Choices: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen
letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. ICT means
A. Information to Class Tutorial
B. Inclusive for Classroom Technology
C. Important in Communication Technology
D. Information and Communications Technology
52
ASSESSMENT
53
Answers
54
References
55
Information Communications Technology : WEEK
Social and Political Movements
Lesson 1 12
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?
I
This learning packet will help and guide you with the concepts of growth
of the Internet, a wide range of ICTs have transformed social relationships,
education, and the dissemination of information. The politicalsphere has also
felt the presence of this worldwide phenomenon. Advancesin technology are
producing more powerful computing devices to create a dynamic virtual
network that allows people to communicate and shareinformation on a larger
society. At the end of the lesson:
WHAT IS NEW?
I
Learning Task 1: Let`s do it! ( Individual Activity)
2. List at least 5 significant people in your life and determine how you
connect with them.
56
WHAT IS NEW?
I
(Continuation of Learning Task 1)
Questions:
B. Give at least five positive and five negative effects of the rapid increase
of the use of ICT in society.
57
WHAT I KNOW?
D
Learning Task 2: Let`s Analyze
How do you balance the use of ICT to minimize its negative effects?
II. Directions: Read each statement and write whether it is TRUE or FALSE.
WHAT IS IN?
D
In the previous module, you have learned about the ICT: dimensions
benefits, and challenges, before reading the next lesson, take time to recall
important details from the previous lesson to help you answer the following
questions. Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper.
2. Does ICT produce more benefits than costs? Why did you say so?
3. What are the challenges faced by the ICT industry in the Philippines?
4. Can ICT act as a catalyst to political and social changes? If it`s YES, how?
58
WHAT IS IT?
D
Reading:
She also described that the social media arm of ICT has also led to
the formation of occupy movements, or movements that have no set of
leaders, no official set of demands, and no projected outcomes. It is simply
a laboratory of participatory democracy. In the United States, there was
“Occupy Wall Street”, which denounced economic injustice and protests
against the greed of corporate America. In Hongkong, there is the “Umbrella
movement”, which calls for fully free elections of Hongkongexecutives that
are free from interference from mainland China. These movements may not
be able to boast success in terms of correcting problems they are protesting
about, but it has created enough awareness and political engagement from
its constituents.
You can read more about the topic on the site ( for Online and Digital Learners)
ICT became an instrument of social and political movements
https://prezi.com/86bxnqpycmvo/political-and-social-movements/
59
WHAT IS IT?
D
1. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are facilitating
collective action in ways never thought possible.
Email, websites, chat rooms, blogs and bulletin boards enable efficient
communication, organization, and even deliberation within socialmovements
of any size. McAdams (1996) believes that easier international communication
will not automatically translate into success for international social
movements because vital interpersonal networks cannot be adequately forged
and maintained online.
60
WHAT IS IT?
D
3. Social Movements Use the Internet to Access and Bypass Mainstream
Media
Successful movements (SMOs) seek media coverage to amplify their
concerns and frame pertinent issues for the public. Most social movements,
regardless of their size, believe they cannot succeed without media coverage.
Although mass media audiences have long been available to the few groups
with access to the centralized media apparatus, the Internet is now closing the
"media gap" for newer, less established groups. Websites allow move- ments to
control their self- representation to the public. Without the internet, it would
be virtually impossible for movements to gain momentum today even absent
mainstream media attention.
61
WHAT IS MORE?
E
Learning Task 4: POSITION PAPER
Write a position paper that explains your idea about the roles, benefits,
impacts of ICT to Philippine politics, economy, society and culture. Give clear
examples to back up your arguments.
I. Introduction
Identification of the issue
Roles, Benefits, Statement of the position
impacts of ICT to
Philippine politics, II. Body
society, economy,
Background information
and culture
Supporting evidence or facts
A discussion of both sides of
the issue
III. Conclusion
62
WHAT I CAN DO?
E
Note: If the learner has no way of accessing the computer, he/she can just
create an Information Campaign manually.
Rubrics for the Information Awareness campaign
Organi- Very organized, The presenta- Mostly orga- Not well organized;
zation very well- tion of the nized; the hard to follow; does
presented intro- outline is or- Introduction not feel finished
duction, body ganized; there and conclu-
and conclusion is clear intro- sion are
duction, body mostly clear.
and conclu-
sion
Presen- Audio and video There are min- Audio and Audio or video er-
tation are clear and imal audio visual are rors distractions
error free with- and video er- acceptable and background
out distractions rors and other but contain noises are preva-
or extraneous distractions. some notice- lent. Music or
noise or images. Music and able distrac- sound effects de-
Music and sound effects tions or tract from the con-
sound effects mildly en- background tent.
are used appro- hance the noise. Music
priately and content and and sound
enhance the the presenta- effects are
content tion. present but
ineffective
63
WHAT ELSE I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 5: Essay
Answer the following questions. How is ICT applied in the delivery of social
services? Discuss how ICT can improve the delivery and the quality of services
in the following fields.
a. Health care c. Education
b. Environment d. Governance
64
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED?
A
• Information and communication technology (ICT) has contributed im-
mensely to social and economic improvements, such as higher employ-
ment and productivity, increasing access to a higher quality of life.
• "Internet optimists" argue that ICTs have given voices to those who did
not have them and have had a democratizing impact around the world.
• The main impact of ICT is it includes both positive effects and negative
effects and looks at how individuals’ organizations and society are affect-
ed. Access to information: Possibly the greatest effect of ICT on individu-
als is the huge increase in access to information and services that has ac-
companied the growth of the Internet.
Assessment:
Answer the following questions:
65
ANSWER KEY
66
REFERENCES
Dela Cruz. Arleigh Ross D., PhD, Cecile C. Fadrigon, PhD Cand., and
Napoleon M. Mabaquiao Jr., PhD (2016), Trends, Networks, and Critical
Thinking in the 21st Century Culture (The Padayon Series). Quezon City:
Phoenix Publishing House
Mangiduyos, Gladys P., 2017. Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the
21st Century. Manila: Rex Publishing
https://prezi.com/86bxnqpycmvo/political-and-social-movements/
67
Trends, Network and
Critical Thinking in the
21st Century Culture
Grade 12
Quarter 4
Neural and Social Networks
(Week 13-15)
68
Connections, Relationships and Networks WEEK
WHAT IS NEW?
I
Learning Task 2: My Pandemic Buddies
Considering that we are in a pandemic situation and assuming that we are
staying alongside with our family or relatives and face to face meetings are
discouraged but with the aid of communication technology or observing
proper health standard when engaging a short meeting, make a list of people
that you considered immediate or close buddies. Then explain below how
you choose them properly.
My Pandemic Buddies
69
WHAT I KNOW?
D
Learning Task 3: MY OWN SOCIAL WEB
The activity “My Social Web” shows the different network that we create.
Read each question written in each square and answer them properly. Then write
the names of a person that you can think of as you answer the questions below.
Reflective Questions:
1. By observing your own Social Web, did it contain similar names in
every question?
2. How do you think your own Social Web influence you as an individual?
3. Do you believe that building your own social group or unit in different
70
WHAT IS IT?
D
Social relations link each of us to become a social group and these
relations that connect us with others can produce diverse consequences. When
meeting with another person, either from school or church, it leads us toimprove
memory and skills that can be useful of. In this lesson, we are going to learn social
and networks. In the concept of social network analysis, you and me and everyone
who are having interactions with are considered as an actor. To differentiate with
the term actor which means to act, like in a television programs or theater , we
rather use it in reality as a social unit that is playing a role in the society.
Connection refers to the tie that binds actors to each other. This shows
what binds unit A to unit B. There is a wide variety of associations or links that
bind either of the two actors. One example of connection that can be used to show
evaluation of one person by another person and even formal relations. In the
school, two actors can be two Senior High School HUMSS students chatting and
talking about the topic discussed by teacher. There are chatting together
they talk about a same topic and considering that they belong into aone group,
Senior High School HUMSS Students. Then considering that if they are best
has the authority because they form as a team and one of them is the leader or
71
WHAT IS IT?
D
A tie or bond between two actors or social units is formed by
relations between social units. Connection of two actors form is a dyad.
Dyad is the fundamental social network unit that consists of a pair of
actors. Below are the example:
When there are three actors involved in a connection, the triad occurs.
Below are the examples showing how triad works.
72
WHAT IS IT?
D
Networks can be classified into two types. Relation networks or one-
mode network are characterized by rules that determine the presence,
direction and extent of a relationship between any two units.It shows
the network of neighborhood, friendship, alliance or trade networks.
Affiliation network refer to a rule that determines an affiliation of a unit
with an event, organization or group. Examples are membership in a
professional organization or distribution of the different provincial
population based on their religion or ethnic affiliations.
Receptors Neural
Stimulus Effectors Response
Net
73
WHAT IS IT?
D
In order for you to understand networks, the graphs can be a useful
tool for it. Graph is a visual representation of a social network, where
actors are represented as nodes or vertices and the lines are manifested as
connections or ties. An example below is a graph of network.
74
WHAT IS MORE?
E
Learning Task 4: THINK AND POINT OUT!
observe.
Below is the suggested rubrics for you to guide in doing your tasks.
75
WHAT I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 5: OBSERVING MY NETWORK
Reflective Question:
Explain your thoughts about the network that you are belong to.
What kind of network it is and how does it benefit you and the group?
Below is the suggested rubrics for you to guide in doing your tasks.
76
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED?
A
Learning Task 7: I RECALL
Let us review the knowledge and skills you learned in the lesson.
3. In this part, illustrate the processes of the brain and neural network
works.
As a learner, give five (5) things that you learn during in this lesson.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
77
WHAT I CAN ACHIEVE?
A
Learning Task 9: WHAT CAN YOU SAY?
Directions: Read the question carefully then answer them briefly and
78
ANSWERS
79
REFERENCES
Carolan, Brian ( 2014). Social Network Analysis and Education: Theory, Methods and
Applications. Sage. Los Angeles, London & New Delhi
Dela Cruz, A.(2017). The Padayon Series: Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in
the 21st Century Culture. Phoenix Publishing House, Quezon City, Philippines.
Prell, Christina ( 2012). Social Network Analysis: History, Theory and Methodology.
Sage. Los Angeles, London & New Delhi
SyGaco, S.(2017). Through the Looking Glass: Trends, Networks and Critical Think-
ing in the 21st Century, Great Books Trading, Quezon City, Philippines.
80
Neural and Social Network WEEK
Lesson 1 14
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?
I
This learning packet will help and guide you to learn about the
parallelism between neural and social networks. Social network and neural
networks are interrelated concepts because both deal with identifying and
tracing patterns, trends, connection, and relations.
At the end of the lesson, student will be able to :
• Compare neural networks with social networks.
• Establish linkage between self and the social network one belongs to
WHAT IS NEW?
I
Learning Task 2: I ANALYZE
Learning about Connections, Relationships and Network in the past lesson,
let us explain the quote that is written in the box. Explore some insights,
explain, and reflect on it.
“Networking is not collecting contacts! Networking is about Planting
Relations” - Anonymous
81
WHAT I KNOW?
D
Learning Task 3: READING
To have an understanding more about our Brain and Neural Networks
as discussed in the past lesson, let us read the article of Daniel Shiffman. Then
let`s answer some questions. Write your answer in a sheet of paper.
Reflective Question:
1. How did Daniel Shiffman explain the connectivity of our own brain
processing into a some sort of computational system?
2. In the mind of Shiffman, do you think we can apply the concept of neural
network in real life?
82
WHAT IS IT?
D
Neural networks are considered as a massive parallel distributed
processor made up of simple processing units, which has a natural propensity
for storing experimental knowledge and making it available for use. In
comparison for brain processes, neural network can be resembled into two
ways. First is the information is outsourced by the network from its
environment through a process. Then, interneuron connection strengths,
known as synaptic weights, recorded the gathered knowledge.
For many years, it was believed that the human brain has fixed memory,
processing speed and intelligence. It was hardwired, meaning it has
permanently into it. It was assumed that we are born with a skills and abilities
naturally, which are unchanging for the rest of our lives. Then lately, there has
been a movement of interest of studying about the brain`s capacity to change
itself structurally and functionally throughout the duration of one`s life cause
of the influence of one`s environment as well as biological factors.
83
WHAT IS IT?
D
Individuals like you are connected to one another on the basis of their
different goals, interests and common ground. The Social Network concept
views these social relations in terms of connections called ties and interact as
nodes. The core of forming social networks is to develop support systems
within the society itself. Interests and goals are influenced by sociocultural
factors such as ethnicity, gender, race and social class. This suggests that
human needs are realized through our interpersonal social relationships.
Through these connections and interactions, we form social relationships and
develop socialization.
84
WHAT IS IT?
D
Neural network can be an application of social network analysis because
neural networks can be used to effectively identify connections and relations.
It can be used to extract patterns and trace trends and connections that are
very complicated for humans to process or for other computers to perform. A
neural network can be used an expert to analyze a certain category of
information. It can be used to provide projections to a particular event of
interest. Examples of these are the pattern recognitions, like thefacial or
optical analyzation through an app. Also the time prediction in the study of
business and economics. Neural networks can be taught also to process an
audio signal and screen it properly like what they are using in identifying a
person who is talking to, some apps are used in audio recording. Another good
example of neural network as an application is the Tesla Self-driving cars, A.I.
as a controller of the system of the car drives itself like a human one. Lastly are
sensors, like what in android phone or in an computerized data system to
record our fingerprints or information, using itto detect our authenticity when
using the system or a gadget as a security feature.
85
WHAT IS MORE?
E
Learning Task 4: STIMULI AND RESPONSE
Draw a shape of a brain, then your brief answer to the following
question below:
Why do we consider the human brain as a neural network? Cite an
example in your own experience of stimuli and response?
Encircle the number in the rating to give rate in the learner`s work
then add points.
SUGGESTED RUBRICS Rating
Content and ideas are organized in a clear, logical manner. 5 4 3 2 1
The work provides adequate if information about the lesson. 5 4 3 2 1
The work is original. 5 4 3 2 1
Total points (15)
86
WHAT I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 5: WHAT`S ON YOUR MIND?
Encircle the number in the rating to give rate in the learner`s work
then add points.
SUGGESTED RUBRICS Rating
Content and ideas are organized in a clear, logical manner. 5 4 3 2 1
The work provides adequate if information about the lesson. 5 4 3 2 1
The work is original. 5 4 3 2 1
Total points (15)
87
WHAT ELSE I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 7: POSITION PAPER
Read the question below and construct a brief position paper that
explains your stand on the issue. You may write your answer in a separate
sheet of paper or type it depends on your modality of learning.
Question: Is Social Media Applications good for you and the society?
Expound your answer.
Explain that your position is still the best one, despite the
strength of counter-arguments.
Encircle the number in the rating to give rate in the learner`s work
then add points.
88
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED?
A
Learning Task 7: I RECALL
Let us review the knowledge and skills you learned in the lesson.
As a learner, give three (5) things that you learn during in this lesson.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
89
WHAT I CAN ACHIEVE?
A
Learning Task 9: WHAT CAN YOU SAY?
Directions: Read the question carefully then answer them briefly and
90
ANSWERS
91
REFERENCES
Carolan, Brian ( 2014). Social Network Analysis and Education: Theory, Methods and
Applications. Sage. Los Angeles, London & New Delhi
Dela Cruz, A.(2017). The Padayon Series: Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in
the 21st Century Culture. Phoenix Publishing House, Quezon City, Philippines.
Prell, Christina ( 2012). Social Network Analysis: History, Theory and Methodology.
Sage. Los Angeles, London & New Delhi
SyGaco, S.(2017). Through the Looking Glass: Trends, Networks and Critical Think-
ing in the 21st Century, Great Books Trading, Quezon City, Philippines.
92
The Self and Social Relationship WEEK
WHAT IS NEW?
I
Learning Task 2: OBSERVING MY COMMUNITY
In this activity, you are tasked to observe how your community works.
Observe the practices that usually prevalent in your community, the
institutions like schools, government, family and your peers as well.
Describe it inside the box. You can use separate sheet if you want a
detailed illustration.
93
WHAT I KNOW?
D
Learning Task 3: WORD CLOUD
After observing your community, now your task is to observe yourself
as a member of the society. Create a word cloud and write down at
least five characteristics or social skills that you like in friends, family
or community members. Then use these words to think and explain
how you can be an even better friends, family member or community
member. Write the words inside the cloud and explain it below the cloud.
94
WHAT IS IT?
D
Social relationship do affect or influence every individual thinking process.
Because as we interact with every individual around us we use our thinking skill
on how are we going to be able to socialize and fit with their different
characteristics and deal with their different attitudes. We individual undergo in a
process of thinking first as we socialize and interact with other people around us.
Social relationship change the way we think and act because in this process you
will be influenced by the people around you and change the way you behave,
interact, and think. One of the most common reason on why social relationship
influence the way of individual thinking is their peers that surrounds them, their
peers who they bond along the day. Our peer is one of the biggest influence that
change us in a simple or a domed way.
95
WHAT IS IT?
D
Example, if you join in a group that promotes pro-life choices, what
you learn an experience in hanging out with your peers or actors inside the
group, contributes to your mind in creating bases in giving opinion about a
certain issue. That is also works for political parties that governs our
country and also religious groups that existing across communities. So, it
is important for you understand the actions of social exchanges and
networks because it is foundational to the attainment of your goals.
Social Scientists, from the ideas of Georg Simmel and Emile Durkheim
who wrote about the studies on patterns about social relationships that
connect social actors, developed the idea of Social Network Analysis (SNA).
In the previous lesson, you learn the ideas of SNA. It is the process of
investigating social structures through the use of networks and graph. It
characterizes network structures in terms of nodes( or the actors) and the
ties, edges or link (relationships or interactions) that connect them.
96
WHAT IS IT?
D
97
WHAT IS IT?
D
Roles in a community network can be examined and shown by a social map.
The best example of these are the Student Leadership programs like the SSG,
Sanggunian Kabataan or Youth Organizations. Because the youth is seenas a
contributing factor to the society, these groups are created to train you in leading
and caretaking the community. When you join in these groups, it will add a “role”
to you. Thus, it tends to transform yourself not only as an abiding student but
also a youth leader. It widens your worldview, not only thinking about your
academic performance but also caretaking and governing the welfare of your co-
students or constituents within the community, planning and creating programs
for them. Thus if we create a social network map of a specific person who is a
member of an organization, we can imagine that each member of the network
function on a specific role. Someone can be a president, or a treasureror a
member who attend meetings and be an audience and advise the group. The same
situation can be applied in a classroom, someone is the leader or then the
other is the collector or the treasurer, some are peace keepers. In each network we
belong, we do some roles, maybe specific or same with others.
With the advent of the technology, you can access and share information as
well as participate in informal social exchanges. Such opportunities allowthem to
learn new information. Considering that using the social media sites, like
Facebook, Twitter or Instagram, it also serves as a virtual social community within
a common interest. These new modes of learning are different to the ways they are
taught inside the school. This means that as youth access and share information
in the social media, they reconstruct, reconfigure and reproduce knowledge. This
make them a participant, a part of a newly created group. Youth as like you, are
engaging in issues that makes around in the social media. Because of these, we
tend to give our opinions and create a social connection with other people with
the same view as you are. Youth of today are now movinginto roles or such spaces
that is usually taken by adults like commenting about certain issues, tendencies
that created because of the Internet. You as a student learn more about the
happenings in your environment because of the technological progress of social
media information.
98
WHAT IS MORE?
E
Learning Task 4: Let`s Figure Out
Inside the graphic organizer, think of your roles not only as a student
but also a part of growing society. Then explain how it oc-
curs to you to embody that role. You can copy the graphic
organizer and write it in a separate sheet to add answers
Encircle the number in the rating to give rate in the learner`s work
then add points.
99
WHAT I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 5: MY SOCIAL MAP
For you to figure out how social network works, you need to create
a social map. Identify a particular network in the community ( town, city
or barangay) in which you are part of. Create a social map or matrix that
traces your role and participation in that particular community network.
Use your answers in the Learning Task 5 to explain your significant social
roles you play in the community.
Note: The graph or matrix must identify the significant roles you play. Then
show the relationship with different members of the network and rank
the roles of the members in community network in terms of importance.
Then explain the matrix by writing a reflection paper and relate it on
what you think about the society and your view on issues like politics,
education, religion, etc..
You may search examples of Social Map in the Internet or books. You can
use a separate paper to construct your own social map matrix and for the
reflective paper.
Encircle the number in the rating to give rate in the learner`s work
then add points.
SUGGESTED RUBRICS Rating
Content and ideas are organized in a clear, logical manner. 5 4 3 2 1
The work provides adequate if information about the lesson. 5 4 3 2 1
The work is original. 5 4 3 2 1
Total points (15)
100
WHAT ELSE I CAN DO?
E
Learning Task 6: MY ENVIRONMENT AND MY SOCIAL NETWORK
Because of the issues about the environment, we are living to, did
you know that you can be “friends” with (supporters of) geological
formations or environmental space or parks within your community?
What kind of group do you want to form and establish how will you take
care of that place? Write a brief explanation of your goals and objectives
and whom will you invite to create this network of yours?
Possible members:
Discuss your view on the issues that surrounds the place and how to
solve it.
Note: This format is a suggestion only. You can explain it like the
suggested format or any means like presentations, action plan or through
academic essay.
Encircle the number in the rating to give rate in the learner`s work
then add points.
SUGGESTED RUBRICS Rating
Content and ideas are organized in a clear, logical manner. 5 4 3 2 1
The work provides adequate if information about the lesson. 5 4 3 2 1
The work is original. 5 4 3 2 1
Total points (15)
101
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED?
A
Learning Task 7: I RECALL
Let us review the knowledge and skills you learned in the lesson.
dynamics in society ?
As a learner, give three (5) things that you learn during in this lesson.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
102
WHAT I CAN ACHIEVE?
A
Learning Task 9: WHAT CAN YOU SAY?
Directions: Read the question carefully then answer them briefly and
103
ANSWER KEY
104
REFERENCES
Carolan, Brian ( 2014). Social Network Analysis and Education: Theory, Methods and
Applications. Sage. Los Angeles, London & New Delhi
Dela Cruz, A.(2017). The Padayon Series: Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in
the 21st Century Culture. Phoenix Publishing House, Quezon City, Philippines.
Prell, Christina ( 2012). Social Network Analysis: History, Theory and Methodology.
Sage. Los Angeles, London & New Delhi
SyGaco, S.(2017). Through the Looking Glass: Trends, Networks and Critical Think-
ing in the 21st Century, Great Books Trading, Quezon City, Philippines.
105
Trends, Network and
Critical Thinking in the
21st Century Culture
Grade 12
Quarter 4
Culminating Activity
(Week 16)
106
WEEK
Culminating Activity 16
In your previous chapter lessons, you have learned about the
Democratic Interventions, Information Communication Technology
(ICT) and Neural and Social Networks. Since we are in this new normal this
could limit our culminating activity to synthesize all your learning through this
given final learning task.
In this part, you are expected to propose the kind of future you want,
explain why you want that future and illustrate how you get there.
Make sure you emphasize the product of your good decision making
on being a productive citizen of this country as you recall to generate good
practices in democracy, same with how ICT has shaped your society as you
know it today, and what it can still do for you in the future then lastly, realizing
your interconnections between your neural connections and social realities
which could aid you in developing your critical and creative thinking skills as
you see the significance of your roles played within the community as a 21st
Century learner.
Guide questions:
1. Are you always sure about what you wanted to do exactly, and whether that
you had different feelings about starting something new?
2. How do you feel about starting something new? Your long-term goal might
not be quite clear yet, but you may feel ready to start something now. Or
perhaps you would like to make sure that you are really clear about where
you’re headed before you take on a new commitment?
107
TASKS
It’s time to think about your own goals. In your Reflection Log or
consult your notebook if you have been using one.
108
TASKS
created using Microsoft PowerPoint (MS PPT), you may also personalize
your poster design through canva.com, or you CAN use your collage app
in Instagram.
Unique presentation
CONTENT
OVER-ALL IMPACT
It communicates good
message
109