OUR LADY OF LA PORTERIA ACADEMY

San Antonio, Calabanga, Camarines Sur

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

MODULE IN TRENDS, NETWORKS, AND CRITICAL THINKING IN THE 21ST

CENTURY CULTURE 12 Written Work
(Assessment) _________
Performance
Name _____________________________________________________________ Task (Activity
Grade & Section: ___________________________ Date: _________________ & Application _________
Second Semester
Module 2-3: UNDERSTANDING NETWORKS

OVERVIEW OF THE MATERIAL

Human beings are social beings. We need to connect with others
because it is in our nature to establish social relationships. Thus, networks
are very important in our lives. Your body, for example, is a huge network of
cells, bones, muscles, nerves, and so forth. If you look around, you will see
that you are surrounded by all kinds of networks, your family, friends,
community, religion, nation, nature and others. Even the universe, itself, is
organized in networks, planetary, stellar and galactic. This module will
widen your understanding in networks. It is important that we understand
how networks function because we do not live in isolation.

LESSONS AND COVERAGE

In this lesson, you will be able to define networks and identify the
Lesson 1 Understanding Networks
types of networks.
In this lesson, you will be able to define strategic analysis and
Lesson 2 Personal Networks
intuitive thinking.
In this lesson, you will be able to determine the two types of local
Lesson 3 Local networks
networks; strategic analysis and intuitive thinking.

NETWORKS

Personal Networks Local Networks

Neural Networks Social Networks Strategic Analysis Intuitive Thinking

MODULE MAP

LEARNING COMPETENCIES LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the completion of this module, you shall be able to:
 Define network.
 Define network and develop an understanding of
 Distinguish the relationship between neural and
local networks;
social networks.
 Identify the types of networks; and
 Explain strategic analysis and intuitive thinking.
 Explain the notions of neural networks, social
networks, strategic analysis, and intuitive
thinking.
 INTEGRATED VALUES
Innovation, Appreciation, Advancement, Openness

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

 Why is a trend significant in local networks?

 How can one best show that he or she is in a network of relationship?
 How can you use strategic analysis and intuitive thinking in your daily life?

ACTIVITIES
LET’S GET CRITICAL!
Complete the chart by answering the question briefly. “Do you think the social
relationships shape or influence the thinking process?” (20pts.)

SOCIAL
RELATIONSHIPS

FIND ME!
Find the following words and circle them on the word box below. (5pts.)

LOCAL NETWORK STRATEGY

INITUITIVE THINKING

C T P U Z X A E S T H E T I C K L
C U L T U R A I I T S F R A N I H
K L L S R V U E N R J S S N B O K
L N O I T S T R A T E G Y C V R R
L O F D T H O U G H U S G R O G R
O R C W S I C G F R O I R W P F E
P T D A H G N I K N I H T M Z X W
C T P U Z X A E S T H E T I C K L
C T P U Z X A E S T N E T I V K L
C U L T U R A I I T S F R A N E H

ANALYSIS
1. How will you define network?
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 2. What are the types of networks?
3. How will you describe the neural and social networks?
4. How do we recognize the strategic analysis and intuitive thinking?
2

ABSTRACTION

UNDERSTANDING NETWORKS

Simply, a network is comprised of at least two entities

that are interrelated or interconnected with one another. The
universe abounds with networks from galaxy and star systems,
planetary systems, ecosystems, climate systems, and societies,
among others. Thus, networks are integral parts of the world.
The following discussions will look at how these notions,
especially networks, play a part in the progression of trends.

A network is a relationship structure wherein the

members of the network are able to share resources with one
another. There are many kinds of networks, for instance, human
networks, knowledge networks, computer networks, trade
networks, and ecological networks, among others. One
characteristic of networks is that it enables flow of information,
flow of resources, and flow of exchange, among others. Thus,
networks serve as links connecting nodes or points to each other.
These nodes can be persons such as parents and children, institutions such as the government and its agencies, bodies such
as rivers and its tributaries, concepts such as economics and supply and demand, and nature such as species in a food web,
to name a few.

PERSONAL NETWORKS

Personal and social networks refer to networks that exist within the self as well as outside of the self, but those
that directly involve the self, nevertheless. Generally, these networks can be classified as neural networks and social
networks.

NEURAL AND SOCIAL NETWORKS

NEURAL
NETWORKS
There are many networks within the human body: skeletal, muscular, and circulatory. However, these networks
will not be able to function properly without the central network that governs them, the neural network. There are two
types of neural networks, the biological (or the nervous system) and the artificial (or computer networks).

Biological Neural Network

The biological neural network or the nervous system solely focuses on the vertebrate nervous system. This system
generally consists of the brain, the neuron, and the receptor cells.

The brain, which is the "control room" of the vertebrate nervous system, is linked to the rest of the body by a
peripheral nervous system comprised of multitudes of nerves that run through the spinal cord. Collectively, the brain and
the spinal cord are known as the central nervous system.

The brain is comprised of the cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus, hypothalamus, and the brain stem. The cerebrum
or telencephalon is divided into two cerebral hemispheres the left and the right. The cerebral cortex, where numerous
neurons can be found, is divided into the primary cortical fields and association cortical fields. The function of primary
cortical fields is to process qualitative information, such as visual perceptions that enable us to see objects in the world.
Meanwhile, the function of the association cortical fields has to do with storing and accessing memory, thinking, and
abstract reasoning.

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 Artificial Neural Network

Although it is not really the focus of the current discussion, it may be informative for us to look very briefly at the
composition of artificial neural networks. According to Kriesel (2005), an artificial neural network is basically composed
of connections, propagation function and network input, activation, threshold value, activation function, output function,
and learning strategy.

In an artificial neural network, the relay of information between neurons (simple processing units) is made
possible through connections. Meanwhile, these neural outputs are received by the propagation function and transformed
into network input based on the connecting weights of every neural output. Then, as was described earlier, a
predetermined "tipping point" or threshold value will be reached by the accumulated network inputs that will "activate"
the neurons, which is determined by the activation function related to the neuron. Finally, the output function can be
understood as the output that results from the activation of the neuron. Meanwhile, a learning strategy is an algorithm that
is essential in order to calibrate networks to produce the desired outputs given particular inputs.
SOCIAL
NETWORKS
Social networks are often understood in relation to social media and their various platforms. For purposes of this
section, social networks can be understood as those networks that extend outside the self, yet totally involve the person
as opposed to the impersonality of social media networks. Human beings are wired to be social.

Studies show that human beings are among those species that are capable of social cooperative behavior. Others
include elephants, wolves and chimpanzees, to name a few. Some researchers who are trying to determine what makes
humans different from other animals think that it is our capability to make tools that makes us different while others
believe that it is our capacity to create language systems. Today, most recent discoveries suggest that our ability to
manage complex social relations to enhance our chances of survival makes us different from other species.
The "evolutionary success of Homo sapiens can in large measure be attributed to its ability to manage complex
social relationships. In other words, the ability of different species to function cooperatively has tremendous survival
value. Those that manage the most complex and flexible forms of social cooperation enjoy a reproductive advantage.
Hence, group cooperation is a vector of natural selection for these species, including primates and our ancestors, the early
hominids"

LOCAL NETWORKS

The local networks are consisting of the family, local community,

and country. Although these networks involve the family and some of our
peers, most of those found in these networks are people we barely know,
yet are connected to us through intermediaries, such as our family, peers,
and contacts. These local networks help us at an even larger extent than
what our personal networks can provide.

The networks that extend outside of personal networks are the

local networks. These local networks consist of the family, local
community, and country. You may have heard the maxim, “no man is an
island”. Since personal networks can only do so personal networks lack.
Furthermore, these local networks are borne out of the union between
strategic analysis and intuitive thinking that makes one realize that
individuals need to form these local networks to protect their right to life.

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 STRATEGIC ANALYSIS AND INTUITIVE THINKING

STRATEGIC
ANALYSIS
The term strategy came from the Greek strategia, which pertains to the skills possessed by generals and are
necessary to win battles. On the other hand, analysis refers to the careful study of each part of a whole and
understanding how each part and their relationships with each other result in the whole. From these descriptions, we can
see the cognitive and procedural nature of strategic analysis. In particular, strategic analysis involves examination and
evaluation of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, environments, and resources, among others, with the purpose
of drawing up a strategy from the results of the analysis to achieve certain goals over time. Strategic analysis is a
logical, procedural, and systematized way of looking at parts of the whole in order to come up with plans of action for
the future.
We humans use our networks as leverage in order to
enhance our chances of survival. Through cooperative
relationships within the family, local community, and the
country, we are able to improve our standards of living and help
one another. This discussion is intended to make you understand
the dynamics of this cooperative relationship and realize how
you may be able to maximize it. It is important that you know
the notions of strategic analysis and intuitive thinking. As an
initial and simplistic distinction, strategic analysis focuses on
the use of logic and reason while initiative thinking relies on familiarity and experience.

INTUITIVE
THINKING
Intuition is defined as “the subjective experience of a mostly non-conscious process that is fast, a logical, and
inaccessible to consciousness that, dependent on exposure to the domain or problem space, is capable of accurately
extracting probabilistic contingencies”. From this definition, intuition is not a result of a process of analysis and
deliberation, but that of quick or reflexive thinking to give an immediate response to the needs of the situation. It is as if
a person knows the answer or knows what to do even without thinking about it. For Filipinos, this may be close to the
notion of kutob, although this is not an exact translation. Intuitive thinking is also an immediate apprehension of truth
that is based on familiarity and experience. This may be known as common sense.

Strategic analysis and in intuitive thinking comprise opposite ends of a pole yet, they can be used together to
arrive at results which may be advantageous to individuals. An example of these results is the formation of organizations
or networks such as the family, community, and country. These networks are characterized by a cooperative relationship
wherein the members help each other to ensure mutual survival.

APPLICATION
NETWORK DURING QUARANTINE
Make an essay by answering the question below.
“WHO ARE INCLUDED IN YOUR SOCIAL NETWORK? DESCRIBE EACH OF THEM”.

Dimension Percentage Score

Grammar and vocabulary 25%
Content, ideas and thoughts 50%
Relevance to the question 25%
Total 100%
5

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 ASSESSMENT

A. Circle the correct answer. (5pts.)

1. It is comprised of at least two entities that are interrelated or interconnected with one another.
a. Network c. Local Network
b. Social Network d. Personal Network
2. It is solely focuses on the vertebrate nervous system. This system generally consists of the brain, the
neuron, and the receptor cells.
a. Biological Neural Network c. Local Network
b. Social Network d. Personal Network
3. It is comprised of the cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus, hypothalamus, and the brain stem.
a. Brain c. Heart
b. Mind d. Body
4. It pertains to the skills possessed by generals and necessary to win battles.
a. Intuitive c. Strategy
b. Personal d. Network
5. It refers to a logical, procedural, and systematized way of looking at parts of the whole in order to come
up with plans of action for the future
a. Intuitive Thinking c. Strategic Analysis
b. Personal Network d. Network

B. The quotation below tells us another dimension of our human relationship facilitated by the advent of
technology and social media. (10pts.)

“Online life is so delicious because it is

socializing with almost no friction”.
-David Brooks

What does this quotation tell us as human beings?

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 How is real life compared to the online life as described by the
author?

C.

REFERENCES

 Marquez, L. (2018). Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Culture., 2-11.
Prepared
TEACHER MARY FRANCE B. RABANO
Subject Teacher
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