uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl"

7
uqo,a iy Kh

7'1 iuia; ksÍlaIK

j Hdmdr iy mqoa.,hskag ie,lsh hq;= f,i wNsfhda. t,a, l< fldúâ-19 jix.;h
yuqfõ" wd¾Ól j¾Okh" wd¾Ól lghq;= h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍu iy ia:dhS;dj wruqKq
lr .;a uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ia:djrhla hgf;a" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uqo,a ;;a;ajhka fmr fkdjQ
uÜgulg ,sys,a lsÍfï mshjr .Kkdjla 2020 jif¾ § l%shdjg kexùh' ukdj md,kh jQ
WoaOuk wfmalaId iy wd¾Ólfha wvq iuia; b,a¨u fukau" w;HjYH fkdjk wdkhk
iy wdfhdack .,d hEï i|yd mkjd we;s iSudjka yuqfõ" u;=msg iy uQ,sl WoaOukh wvq
uÜgïj, mej;Su fya;=fjka" foaYSh wdfhdack by< kexùfï wruqfKka 2020 jif¾ §
úYd, f,i uqo,a ,sys,alrKh isÿ lsÍug yelss úh' 2020 jif¾ §" wfkl=;a m%Odk m%;sm;a;suh
fjkialï iuÕ" m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl wjia:d myl § mokï wxl 250lska" n,m;%,dNS
jd‚c nexl=j, ish¨u remsh,a ;ekam;= j.lSï i|yd wod< jk jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h
wjia:d foll § m%;sY;dxl 3lska iy nexl= wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 650lska wvq flß‚'
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j jir uq¿,af,au rchg wjYH wruqo,a iemhQ w;r" th fj<|fmd<
øjYS,;dj by< kexùug o odhl úh' ;jo" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j fldúâ-19 jix.;fhka
n,mEug ,la jQ jHdmdrj, ldrl m%d.aOk wjYH;d imqrd,Su i|yd b;d iykodhS Kh
fhdackd l%u l%shd;aul l< w;r" b;d by< w.hl mej;s we;eï Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl wvq
lsÍug b,lal.; l%shdud¾. .ekSu;a" foam< wemlr iys; ksjdi Kh i|yd Wmßu fmd,S
wkqmd;sl mekùu;a isÿ flß‚' fuu mshjrj, m%;sM,hla f,i" wd¾Ólfha iuia; fmd,S
wkqmd;sl jHqyh my< .sh w;r" we;eï fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;sl fuf;la jd¾;d jQ wju
w.hka lrd <Õd úh' fuu m%jK;d iuÕ" 2020 jif¾ w. Nd.h jk úg" fm!oa.,sl wxYh
i|yd imhk ,o iuia; Kh m%idrKfha by< hEula olakg ,enqKq w;r" jir uq¿,af,au
rdcH wxYh fj; ,nd ÿka Kh ie,lsh hq;= f,i by< .sfhah' tys m%;sM,hla f,i" mq¿,a
uqo,a iemhqu YS>% f,i m%idrKh úh'
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
7'2 Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ia:djrh
uE; ld,Sk uqo,a m%;sm;a;s l%shdud¾.
wvq WoaOukh iy ukdj md,kh jQ WoaOuk
Èkh
wfmalaId iuÕ wd¾Ól j¾Okh" wd¾Ól lghq;= h:d
2016 ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh
;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍu iy ia:dhS;dj <Õd lr .ekSfï fmnrjdß 19
wruq‚ka" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2020 jir uq¿,af,au 2016
cQ,s 28
,sys,a uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ia:djrhla mj;ajd f.k .sfhah'
2017
fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh iy th md,kh lsÍu i|yd .kq ud¾;= 24
,enQ l%shdud¾. fya;=fjka wd¾Ól lghq;= wvd, jQ 2018
wfm%a,a 04
w;r" wd¾Ólh h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍu i|yd
2018
iydh ùug Y%S ,xld uy nexl=jg b;d ,sys,a uqo,a fkdjeïn¾ 14
m%;sm;a;s ia:djrhla mj;ajd f.k hEug wjYH úh'
ta wkqj" 2019 uehs ui werUqKq uqo,a ,sys,alrK
pl%h 2020 jif¾ § o wLKavj l%shd;aul lrñka"
2019
m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl iy n,m;%,dNS jd‚c fmnrjdß 22
nexl=j, ish¨u remsh,a ;ekam;= j.lSï i|yd 2019
wod< jk jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h ie,lsh hq;= uehs 31
2019
f,i my< oeóh' Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2020 jif¾ § wf.daia;= 23
m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl mokï wxl 250lska iy 2020
ckjdß 30
jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h m%;sY;dxl 3lska wvq
2020
lrk ,§' 2020 ckjdß udifha §" Y%S ,xld uy ud¾;= 17
nexl=j ish m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl jk ks;H 2020
ud¾;= 17
;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh
2020
myiqlï wkqmd;slh" ms<sfj,ska" ishhg 6'50la iy ud¾;= 27
7'50la olajd mokï wxl 50lska wvq lrk ,§' 2020
ud¾;= udifha isg rg ;=< fldúâ-19 jix.;h 2020
wfm%,
a a 03
me;sÍu;a iuÕ" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j" wruqo,a
msßjeh ;jÿrg;a wvq lsÍu" foaYSh uqo,a fj<|fmd< 2020
øjYS,;dj by< kexùu iy bÈß ld,mßÉfþofha wfm%,
a a 16
§ ,sys,a m%;sm;a;s ia:djrhla mj;ajd f.k hEug 2020
uehs 06
jk lemùu oekqï §u wruqKq lr .;a mshjr
oduhla yryd fj<|fmd< ;=< úYajdih mj;ajd
f.k hEug hqyqiq¨j l%shd lf<ah' ta wkqj" 2020
cQks 16
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2020 ud¾;= iy uehs udi w;r
2020
ld,h ;=< uqo,a m%;sm;a;s iudf,dapk ;%s;ajhl § cQks 16
m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl ;jÿrg;a mokï wxl
100lska wvq lf<ah' ;jo" uQ,H wdh;kj, uqo,a 2020
7
cQ,s 09
m%jdy ,eîï wvd, ùu iy yÈis wruqo,a wjYH;d
igyk( uy nexl=j úiska my; mßÈ fmd,S wkqmd;sl u; Wmßu iSud mkjk ,§'
fya;=fjka we;s jQ by< wúksYaÑ;;d uOHfha uqo,a - 2019'04'26( n,m;%,dNS nexl=j yd nexl= fkdjk uQ,H wdh;kj, ;ekam;= WmlrK u;
fj<|fmdf<ys øjYS,;dj by< kexùu i|yd"
- 2019'09'24( n,m;%,dNS nexl=j, Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl u; Wmßu iSud mekjQ w;r"
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2020 ud¾;= udifha §
- 2020'04'27( n,m;%,dNS nexl=j, Wlia myiqlï u; Wmßu fmd,S wkqmd;sl iSud mkjk
jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h m%;sY;dxl 1lska o"
- 2020'08'24( f;dard .;a Kh WmlrK u; mkjd ;snQ Wmßu fmd,S wkqmd;sl iSud ;jÿrg;a
2020 cQks udifha § kej;;a m%;sY;dxl 2lska o
- 2020'11'26( foam< wemlr iys; ksjdi Kh i|yd Wmßu fmd,S wkqmd;sl y÷kajd fok
wvq l< w;r" tu.ska uqo,a fj<|fmd<g remsh,a
ì,shk 180l muK wu;r øjYS,;djla ,nd fok - 2021'01'19( nexl= m%cdj iu`. idlÉPd lr" laIøq " l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr (MSME)
,§' ;jo" fldúâ-19 jix.;fhka n,mEug ,la jQ
jHdmdrj,g wvq fmd,S wkqmd;sl hgf;a ldrl
174
7'1 ixLHd igyk
l%shdud¾.h
mokï wxl 50lsk"a ms<f
s j<sk"a 6'50] iy 8'00] olajd by< kxjk ,§'
ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh
mokï wxl 50lsk"a ms<f
s j<sk"a 7'00] iy 8'50] olajd by< kxjk ,§'
ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh
mokï wxl 25lsk"a ms<f
s j<sk"a 7'25] iy 8'75] olajd by< kxjk ,§'
ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 25lska 8'50] olajd wvq
lrk ,§' tA wkqj" ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;sl fldßfvdafõ mrdih mokï
wxl 150 isg mokï wxl 125 olajd wvq lrk ,È'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ ui 16 jeks Èk isg werfUk ixÑ;
ld,mßÉfÊofha isg n,meje;afjk mßÈ jHjia:dms; ixÑ;
wkqmd;h m%;Y
s ;dxl 1'50lska 6'00] olajd wvq lrk ,È' ks;H
;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 75lsk"a 8'00] la olajd
iy ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 50lska 9'00] olajd
by< kxjk ,È' tA wkqj ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;sl fldßfvdafõ mrdih
mokï wxl 125 isg mokï wxl 100 olajd wvq lrk ,È'
2019 ud¾;= ui 01 jeks Èk isg werfUk ixÑ; ld,mßÉfÊofha isg
n,meje;afjk mßÈ jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h m%;Ys ;dxl 1'00lska
5'00] olajd wvq lrk ,È'
ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh
mokï wxl 50lsk"a ms<f
s j<sk"a 7'50] iy 8'50] olajd wvq lrk ,§'
ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh
mokï wxl 50lsk"a ms<f
s j<sk"a 7'00] iy 8'00] olajd wvq lrk ,§'
ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh
mokï wxl 50lsk"A ms<f
s j<sk"a 6'50] iy 7'50] olajd wvq lrk ,§'
ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh
mokï wxl 25lsk"a ms<f
s j<sk"a 6'25] iy 7'25] olajd wvq lrk ,§'
2020 ud¾;= ui 16 jeks Èk isg werfUk ixÑ; ld,mßÉfþofha isg
n,meje;afjk mßÈ jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h m%;Ys ;dxl 1'00lska
4'00] olajd wvq lrk ,§'
fldúâ-19 jix.;fhka mSvdjg m;a jQ jHdmdr i|yd 4'00] fmd,S
wkqmd;slhla hgf;a remsh,a ì,shk 50 la olajd jQ fi!Nd.Hd
fldúâ-19 mqkreo iyk Kh myiqlu ^m%;u
s ,
Q H fhdackd l%uh ¡ m<uq
wÈhr& y÷kajd fok ,§'
2020 wfm%,a a ui 03 jeks Èk jHdmdr lghq;= wjidk jk wjia:dfõ
isg n,meje;afjk mßÈ ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H
Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 25lsk"a ms<f s j<sk"a 6'00] iy
7'00] olajd wvq lrk ,§'
nexl= wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 500lska 10'00] olajd wvq lrkq ,enQ
w;r" th mokï wxl ¬300 wdka;l s hla iys;j ks;H Kh myiqlï
wkqmd;slh yd wkql,
= j iajhxl%h
S j .e<mSu i|yd bv yßk ,§'
2020 uehs 06 jeks Èk jHdmdr lghq;= wjidk jk wjia:dfõ isg
n,meje;afjk mßÈ ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H
Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 50lsk"a ms<f s j<sk"a 5'50] iy
6'50] olajd wvqlrk ,§' nexl= wkqmd;slh iajhxl%h
S j 9'50] olajd
wvq úh'
2020 cQks ui 16 jeks Èk isg werfUk ixÑ; ld,mßÉfþofha isg
n,meje;afjk mßÈ jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h m%;Y
s ;dxl 2'00lsk"a
2'00] olajd wvq lrk ,§
fldúâ-19 jix.;fhka mSvdjg m;a jQ jHdmdr i|yd 2020 ud¾;=
27 y÷kajdÿka 4'00] fmd,S wkqmd;slhla hgf;a ,ndÿka iyk Kh
myiqlu" remsh,a ì,shk 150la olajd by< kxjk ,§ ^fi!Nd.Hd
mqkreo iyk Kh myiqlu - fojk wÈhr&'
ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh myiqlï
wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 100lsk"a ms<f
s j<sk"a 4'50] iy 5'50] olajd wvq
lrk ,§' nexl= wkqmd;slh iajhxl%hS j 8'50] olajd wvq úh'
Wmßu fmd,S wkqmd;sl iSud mkjk ,§'
;ekam;= fmd,S wkqmd;sl u; mkjd ;snQ Wmßu iSud bj;a lrk ,§'
,§'
wvq lrk ,§'
,§'
wxYfhys m%uLq wxYj,g Kh ,nd §fï b,lal y÷kajd §ug ;SrKh lrk ,§'
uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
 uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl" uqo,a iy Kh

7'1 rEm igyk

uqo,a wxYfha ld¾hidOkh

fldúâ- 19 jix.; jHdma;sh iy th md,kh lsÍug .kq ,enQ l%shdud¾.j, m%;sM,hla f,i isÿ jQ
wd¾Ól miqnEu fya;=fjka 2020 jif¾ § fmr fkdjQ wkaoñka uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh ,sys,a lsÍug wjYH úh

%
idudkH tla Èk
Rs
øjYS,;djh
jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;slh Rs
re' ì,shk 130la
m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl mokï wxl 300 lska
mokï wxl 250 lska wvq lrk ,§ Rs Rs Rs Rs Rs muK olajd
wvq lrk ,§ j¾Okh úh
jHjia:dms; ixÑ;

Rs
wkqmd;h my; fy,Su
u.ska re' ì,shk 180la
iaÒrj uqod yeÍu
uy nexl=j
úiska rcfha
iq/l=ïm;a ñ,§
.ekSu
Kh WmlrK u; Wmßu fmd,S
wkmq d; iu
S djka mekùh iykodhS Kh
nexl= wkqmd;slh mokï Rs
fhdackd l%u
Rs

wxl 650 lska wvq lrk ,§ fmr .súif.k we;s

;djld,sl nexl= whsrd
Kh ldâm;a ovfmd,S wkqmd;sl tla Èk øjYS,;djh ^remsh,a ì,shk&
Wlia 2020 wjidkfha §
w;a;sldrï 206.8

jegqma ,nk fiajlhska Wfoid

iyk Kh fhdackd l%u foam, wemlr iys; ksjdi
l%shd;aul lsÍu Kh i|yd Wmßu
fmd,S wkqmd;sl 2019
wjidkfha §
7] jd¾Isl 37.9

;ks w.hl fmd,S wkqmd;sl foie' ck' fmn' ud¾' wfm%a' uehs cQks cQ,s wf.da iema' Tla' fkdje'foie'

2020 jir ;=< .kakd ,o uqo,a ,sys,alrK mshjrhkag m%;spdr olajñka fld<U mdßfNda.sl ñ, o¾Ylhg ^2013 } 100& wkqj
fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;sl ie,lsh hq;= f,i wvq úh u;=msg" wdydr yd wdydr fkdjk WoaOukh ^jd¾Isl ,laIHuh&
i;sm;d nß; idudkH nß; idudkH nß; idudkH
m%uqL Kh wkqmd;slh ;ekam;= wkqmd;slh Kh wkqmd;slh wdydr WoaOukh
2019 wjidkfha § 2019 wjidkfha § 2019 wjidkfha §
12.4%
9.74% 8.20% 13.59%
9.6%

u;=msg WoaOukh
mokï wxl mokï wxl mokï wxl
393 240 330 5.7%
b,lal.; mrdih
(4-6%) 4.1%

2.9% wdydr fkdjk WoaOukh 1.8%

2020 wjidkfha § 2020 wjidkfha § 2020 wjidkfha §

5.81% 5.80% 10.29% ck' 20 cQks 20 foie' 20 ud¾' 21

7
uqo,a m%idrKh iy fm!oa.,sl yd rdcH wxYhg ,nd ÿka Kh
^jd¾Isl fjki" re' ì,shk&
mq`M,a uqo,a (M 2b) fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; rch fj; ,nd ÿka rch i;= jd‚c
,nd ÿka Kh Y=oaO Kh jHdmdr fj;
,nd ÿka Kh
7.0 2019 jir wjidkfha § ^ ^
jd¾Isl ,laIHuh
j¾Okh ]
4.2
2019 279 63
23.4 2020 jir wjidkfha § ^ j¾Okh ] ^
jd¾Isl ,laIHuh
6.5
2020 1,752 184
1,782 2020 ^jd¾Isl fjki" re' ì,shk& 374
Rs

Rs
Rs Rs

175
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

7'2 rEm igyk l%shdud¾. wkq.ukh lf<ah' §¾> ld,hla

ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;sl fldßfvdaj" uq¿,af,a wvq uÜgul mej;s foaYSh wdfhdack
nß; idudkH talaIK uqo,a wkqmd;slh"
jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h iy nexl= wkqmd;slh m%j¾Okh lsÍu fukau" jix.;fhka n,mEug
,la jQ wd¾Ólhg fõ.j;aj by< j¾Ok udj;lg
16
kej; fhduq ùu i|yd iydh ùu" iuia;hla
14
f,i fuu uqo,a m%;sm;a;s iy uqo,a ;;a;ajhka
12
,sys,a lsÍfï l%shdud¾.j, wruqK úh' jix.;h
10
fya;=fjka rcfha uqo,a m%jdyj,g we;s jQ ndOdjka
ishhg

8
ie,ls,a,g .ksñka" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j m%d:ñl
6
fj<|fmdf<ka NdKavd.dr ì,am;a ñ,§ .ekSu
4
yryd rchg wjYH uQ,Huh iydh ,nd ÿkafkah'
2
fuh fj<|fmd< øjYS,;dj by< kexùug iy
0
rcfha iq/l=ïm;a u; M,od wkqmd;sl wvq lsÍug
ck'¡17
ud¾'¡17
uehs¡17
cQ,s¡17
iema'¡17
fkdje'¡17
ck'¡18
ud¾'¡18
uehs¡18
cQ,s¡18
iema'¡18
fkdje'¡18
ck'¡19
ud¾'¡19
uehs¡19
cQ,s¡19
iema'¡19
fkdje'¡19
ck'¡20
ud¾'¡20
uehs¡20
cQ,s¡20
iema'¡20
fkdje'¡20
ck'¡21
ud¾'¡21
WmldÍ jQ w;r" m%d:ñl fjkafoaisj, ,xiq ms<s.ekSu
ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;sl nß; idudkH talaIK i|yd Wmßu M,od wkqmd;sl mekùu o M,od
fldßfvdaj uqo,a wkqmd;slh
jHjia:dms; ixÑ; nexl= wkqmd;slh
wkqmd;sl wvq ùug iydh úh' M,od wkqmd;sl
wkqmd;h
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
wvqùu u.ska fuu ld,h ;=< rcfha uQ,H msßjeh
ie,lsh hq;= f,i wvq ùug fya;= úh' flfia
m%d.aOk Kh ,nd §u i|yd n,m;%,dNS nexl=j,g fj;;a" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j i;= rcfha iq/l=ïm;a
yels jk mßÈ" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j fi!Nd.Hd f;d.h ie,lsh hq;= f,i by< hEu yryd
fldúâ-19 mqkreo iyk myiqlu hgf;a iykodhS wkd.;fha § WoaOukldÍ mSvk we;s úh yels
Kh fhdackd l%u y÷kajd fok ,§' 2020 jif¾ ueo nj ms<sìUq lrk w;r" tneúka iuia; b,a¨ï
jk úg m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl iy jHjia:dms; ;;a;aj ;sridr mokñka idudkH ;;a;ajhg m;a jQ
ixÑ; wkqmd;h my< oeóu yuqfõ jqj o" miq" fuu uQ,H W;af;acl iemhSu ld,dkqrEmSj
Kh wkqmd;slj, wvq ùu ukao.dój mej;=‚' wvq lr .ekSu wjYH fõ' fï w;r" fldúâ-19
tneúka" 2020 cQ,s udifha § Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j jix.;fhys fojk /,af,ka miqj wd¾Ól lghq;=
ish m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl jk ks;H ;ekam;= h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍu i|yd Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H Kh myiqlï ;jÿrg;a mshjr l%shd;aul lf<ah' tA wkqj" Y%S ,xld
wkqmd;slh" tajdfha wju uÜgï jQ" ms<sfj,ska" ishhg uy nexl=j jegqma,dNS fiajdkshqla;slhka yg wju
4'50 iy ishhg 5'50la olajd mokï wxl 100lska jYfhka wjqreÿ myl Kh ld,hl foam< wemlr
;jÿrg;a wvq lf<ah' fï w;r" uQ,H wxYhg yÈis iys; ksjdi Kh i|yd jirlg ishhg 7l Wmßu
wruqo,a wvq msßjehlska ,nd .; yels nj olajñka" fmd,S wkqmd;slhla y÷kajd fok ,§' m%;sm;a;suh
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2020 wfma%,a udifha § nexl= iy kshduk l%shdud¾.j, n,mEu ms<sìUq lrñka"
wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 500lska wvq l< w;r" th fj<|fmd< Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl 2020 jir ;=< §
ks;H Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slhg jvd mokï wxl ie,lsh hq;= f,i wvq úh' Kh wkqmd;sl wvq ùu

7
300l wdka;slhla iys;j iajhxl%Shj .e<mSug bv
i,ik ,§' ta wkqj" 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg
nexl= wkqmd;slh ishhg 8'50la olajd mokï wxl
650lska wvq úh' uqo,a m%;sm;a;s iïfma%IK l%shdj,sh
läkï lsÍug iy wdka;sl Kh .ekqïlrejkag
iydh ùu i|yd Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2020 wf.daia;=
udifha § Kh ldâm;a" Wlia myiqlï" fmr .súi
f.k we;s ;djld,sl nexl= whsrd fukau" ov
fmd,S wkqmd;sl i|yd wh l< b;d by< fmd,S
wkqmd;sl my< oeóu i|yd ;jÿrg;a kshduk
iy jeä ÈhqKq jQ fj<|fmd< wfmalaId iuÕ" 2020
wf.daia;= udifha isg fm!oa.,sl wxYhg imhk ,o
Kfhys j¾Okhla fmkakqï lf<ah' flfia fj;;a"
tjeks Khj,ska fndfyduhla fm!oa.,sl Kh iy
w;a;sldrï f,i jQ fyhska" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
2021 ckjdß udifha § nexl= i|yd laIqø" l=vd yd
uOH mßudK jHdmdr wxYfhys m%uqL wxYj,g Kh
,nd §fï b,lal y÷kajd §u ms<sn|j m%ldYhg m;a
lrñka wd¾Ólfha uQ,H wjYH;d we;s wxYj,g
iydh ùu i|yd ;jÿrg;a l%shdud¾. .kq ,eîh'

176
 uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl" uqo,a iy Kh

úfYaI igyk 5
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2020 jif¾ § Wmfhda.S lr .;a uqo,a m%;sm;a;s WmlrK

fldúâ-19 jix.;h u.sska wd¾Ólh iy uQ,H
fj<|fmd< u; ñka fmr fkdjQ n,mEula we;s lsÍu
fya;=fjka" jix.;h u.ska we;s flreKq uQ,H w¾nqohg
ms<shï fh§ug iy tu wd¾Ólhkag iydh oelaùu
i|yd iqúfYaIS mshjr .ekSug f,dj mqrd uy nexl= l%shd
lrk ,§' idïm%odhsl uqo,a m%;sm;a;s WmlrKj,g
wu;rj" fndfyda uy nexl= úiska m%udKd;aul
,sys,alrKh (Quantitative Easing), b,lal.; Kh
jevigyka iy wvq fmd,S wkqmd;sl mj;ajd .ekSu
i|yd jQ bÈß ud¾f.damfoaY (Forward Guidance) we;=¿
idïm%odhsl fkdjk uqo,a m%;sm;a;Ska o fhdod .kakd
,§'
fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh fya;=fjka uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh ,sys,a
l< f,dj m%:u uy nexl= w;rg tla fjñka" Y%S ,xld
uy nexl=j o 2020 jif¾ § uqo,a m%;sm;a;s WmlrK
.Kkdjla ls%hdfõ fhdojk ,§' fj<|fmd< ;=<g
m%udKj;a øjYS,;djla ,nd §u iy Kh .ekSfï
msßjeh wvq lsÍu b,lal lr .;a" idïm%odhsl fkdjk
l%shdud¾. o we;=<;a jQ fuu m%;sm;a;s" iqúfYaIS fõ.hlska"
m%udKhlska iy mßudKhlska hq;=j l%shd;aul flreKq
w;r" uQ,H fj<|fmd<g iy wd¾Ól lghq;= h:d
;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍug bka iydh ysñ úh' wvq
b,a¨ï iy wvq WoaOuk ;;a;aj fujeks mq¿,a
uqo,a m%;sm;a;s W;af;ackhka isÿ lsÍu i|yd

rEm igyk ú'i' 5'1

2020 jif¾ § uy nexl=j ls%hdjg kexjQ uqo,a m%;sm;a;s WmlrK iy tajdfha n,mEu

uqo,a m%;sm;a;s WmlrK Ndú;h fj<|fmd< u; n,mEu wd¾Ólh u; n,mEu$

wfmalaIs; n,mEu
m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl
m%;sY;dxl 2'50lska my; oeóh'

jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h

m%;sY;dxl 3lska my< oeóh'

fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;sl wvq ùu h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a ùu

újg fj<|fmd< lghq;=
flá ld,Sk fmd,S wkqmd;sl
fufyhjkq ,eîh'
kdñl fmd,S wkqmd;sl ishhg 2-4 fldõâ-19 fya;=fjka n,mEug ,la
w;r m%udKhlska wvq ùu iy wvq jQ jHdmdr iy mqoa.,hkag iydh ùu'
i uÜgul mej;s uQ¾; fmd,S wkqmd;sl
i

nexl= wkqmd;slh
m%;sY;dxl 6'5lska my< oeóh'
iyk Kh myiqlï
remsh,a ì,shk 180l Kh ,nd fokq
,eîh'
we;eï fmd,S wkqmd;sl my< oeóh
b;d by< fmd,S wkqmd;sl whlrk ,o
ï ï
w;sßla; fj<|fmd< øjYS,;dj wd¾Ól j¾Okh
idudkHhla f,i remsh,a ì,shk 130la
fm%a muK
fm%a foaYSh wdfhdack j¾Okhg iydh
fjñka" wd¾Ólh j¾Okh fjkq
we;ehs wfmalaId flf¾'
I I
fm!oa.,sl wxYhg ,nd ÿka Kh
by< hEu
K 2020 jif¾ wf.daia;=-foieïn¾ K
w;r ld,fha § udisl idudkH Kh id¾j wd¾Ól ia:dhS;dj
by< hEu remsh,a ì,shk 68'6la úh'
h h wvq WoaOukh" ukdj md,kh jQ

Kh ldâm;a" Wlia w;a;sldrlï wdÈh
i|yd Wmßu fmd,S wkqmd;sl iSud
mkjk ,§'
jegqma,dNS fiajdkshqla;slhka yg foam<
wemlr iys; ksjdi Kh i|yd ishhg
7l Wmßu fmd,S wkqmd;shla mkjk ,§'
wfmalaId f.dvkeÕSu
È.= ld,hla uq¿,af,a wvq fmd,S
wkqmd;sl mej;Sug bv yeÍu
7
WoaOuk wfmalaId iy úfoaY úksuh
f.ùï u; jQ iSudjka uOHfha id¾j
wd¾Ól ia:dhS;djhg iydh ùu uqo,a
m%;sm;a;sfha wruqK úh'

YsIag m%fhda.
fmd,S wkqmd;sl wvq lrk fuka
nexl=j,g oekaùh'

bÈß ud¾f.damfoaY
2021 jif¾ § ,sys,a uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh
mj;ajd f.k hEu ;yjqre lrk ,§'

177
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
wjYH m%;sm;a;suh wjldYh ,nd ÿ‚' rch úiska
imhk ,o rdcH uQ,H W;af;ack iy uy nexl=j úiska
.kq ,enQ wfkl=;a kshduk yd fufyhqï l%shdud¾. /ila
o fuu uqo,a m%;sm;a;s l%shdud¾. i|yd iydh úh'
wd¾Ól l%shdldrlï fõ.j;aj h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a ùu"
È.= ld,hla mqrd mej;s wvq wd¾Ól j¾Okfhka miq by<
j¾Ok udj;lg kej; <Õd ùu iy id¾j wd¾Ól yd
uQ,H moaO;sfha ia:dhS;dj mj;ajd .ekSug iydh ùfï
wjYH;dj ie,ls,a,g .ksñka" 2020 jif¾ § Y%S ,xld
uy nexl=j ish m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd;sl ie,lsh
hq;= f,i m%;sY;dxl 2'50lska wvq l< w;r" tu.ska
wd¾Ólfha foaYSh wdfhdack" ksIamdok iy mßfNdackhg
iydh ,nd §u i|yd uQ¾; fmd,S wkqmd;sl my< fy<Su
Tiafia Kh .,d hEï by< kexùu wruqKq úh' ;jo"
uQ,H wxYhg wvq msßjehlg yÈis wruqo,a ,nd .ekSug
we;s yelshdj okajd isàu i|yd Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
úiska 2020 jif¾ § nexl= wkqmd;slh m%;sY;dxl
6'50lska wvq lrk ,§'
foaYSh uqo,a fj<|fmdf<ys øjYS,;dj by< kexùug
iy ;u uqo,a m%jdyj,g we;s jQ ndOd fya;=fjka mSvdjg
m;a jQ uQ,H wdh;k" jHdmdr iy mqoa.,hskag iydh
ùu i|yd Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j jHjia:dms; ixÑ;
wkqmd;h m%;sY;dxl 3lska wvq l< w;r" tu.ska 2020
jif¾ § uqo,a fj<|fmd<g remsh,a ì,shk 180l muK
øjYS,;djla läkñka ksoyia flß‚'
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j úiska újg fj<|fmd< lghq;=
(OMO) isÿ lsÍu ;=<ska flá ld,Sk fmd,S wkqmd;sl
wvq uÜgïj, mj;ajd f.k hEu i|yd ls%hd l< w;r"
uqo,a fj<|fmd< ;=< m%udKj;a øjYS,;djla mj;ajd
.kakd ,§' ;jo" jix.;fhka n,mEug ,la jQ jHdmdr
yd mqoa.,hskag iydh ùug" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j úiska
2020 jir ;=< § m%d:ñl fj<|fmdf<ka Y=oaO moku
u; remsh,a ì,shk 625l muK NdKavd.dr ì,am;a
ñ,§ .kq ,eîu yryd rchg yÈis wruqo,a ,nd fok
,§' fuh" foaYSh uqo,a fj<|fmdf<a øjYS,;dj by<
kexùug;a rcfha iq/l=ïm;a u; M,od wkqmd;sl
7
m%;sY;dxl 2-3lska muK wvq lsÍug;a WmldÍ úh'
jix.;fhka n,mEug ,la jQ jHdmdrj, ldrl
m%d.aOk wjYH;d imqrd .ekSug wruqo,a iemhSu i|yd
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j úiska iykodhS Kh fhdackd l%u
^fi!Nd.Hd fldúâ-19 mqkreo iyk Kh myiqlu
hgf;a& l%shd;aul lrk ,§' Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
úiska fuu fhdackd l%u hgf;a jd¾Islj ishhg 4l
iyk fmd,S wkqmd;slhlg imhk ,o uq¿ wruqo,a
m%udKh remsh,a ì,shk 180la muK jQ w;r" tu.ska
jHdmdrj,g" úfYaIfhkau laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
178
jHdmdr i|yd b;d wiSre wjia:dfõ § wLKavj
l%shd;aul ùug iDcqju iyk iemhs‚'
nexl= iuÕ ksrka;r ixjdohla mj;ajd .ksñka" uqo,a
m%;sm;a;s wfmalaIdjkag wkql+,j fjf<|fmd< fmd,S
wkqmd;sl wvq lsÍu i|yd jd‚c nexl= fm<Uùug iy
jix.;fhka n,mEug ,la jQ wdh;k i|yd w;HjYH
øjYS,;d iydh ,nd §ug nexl=j,g n,mEï lsÍug o
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2020 jif¾ § YsIag m%fhda. (Moral
Suasion) wLKavj wkq.ukh lf<ah' mdial= bßod Èk
isÿ jQ m%ydrj,ska wk;=rej wd¾Ól lghq;=j,g iyk
ie,iSu iy fj<|fmd< Kh wkqmd;sl wLKavj wvq
lsÍu iy;sl lsÍu i|yd nexl= m%cdj iuÕ idlÉPd
lr 2019 jif¾ isg l%shd;aul lrk ,o m%;sm;a;suh
l%shdud¾. o fuu m%h;akfha iM,odhS;ajhg odhl úh'
wd¾Ólh h:d ;;a;ajhg m;aùfï ,l=Kq fmkajk
f;la" oekg mj;sk ,sys,a uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ia:djrh
mj;ajdf.k hk njg wd¾Ólfha md¾Yajlrejka yg
oekaùfï WmlrKhla f,i Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j úiska
bÈß ud¾f.damfoaY o Ndú;d lrk ,§' kqÿre wkd.;fha §
fmd,S wkqmd;sl by< hd yels njg we;s úh
yels wys;lr fj<|fmd< wfmalaId ÿre lsÍug
tjeks u. fmkaùï w;sYhska jeo.;a úh' ;jo"
fuu.ska fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;sl my< hEu
wLKavj mj;ajd .ekSug WmldÍ jQ w;r" ueÈ yd È.=
ld,Skj ;ks w.hl fmd,S wkqmd;sl jHqyhla mej;Su
iy;sl lsÍu i|yd iydh ùug;a" tu.ska foaYSh
wdfhdaclhka yg ;sridr wvq WoaOuk jd;djrKfhys
m%;s,dN ,nd §ug;a yels fõ'
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j" we;eï uQ,H WmlrK i|yd mej;s
by< fmd,S wkqmd;sl u; Wmßu iSud mekùu yryd
b,lal.; l%shdud¾. wkq.ukh l< w;r" tu.ska uqo,a
m%;sm;a;s iïfma%IK hdka;%Kh o jeä ÈhqKq úh' ;jo"
n,m;%,dNS nexl= i|yd laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
jHdmdr wxYfhys m%uqL wxYj,g Kh ,nd §fï b,lal
y÷kajd §ug mshjr .ekq‚'
fldúâ-19 jix.;h uOHfha 2020 jir uq¿,af,a
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j l%shdjg kexjQ uqo,a m%;sm;a;s fuj,ï
ud,dj u.ska" fnfyúka wNsfhda.d;aul ;;a;aj hgf;a
uQ,H wxYfha ia:dhS;dj mj;ajd .ekSug o myiqlï
ie,is‚' fujeks iqúfYaIS uqo,a ,sys,alrK fukau"
rdcH uQ,H W;af;acl l%shdud¾.j, iydhfhka
wd¾Ólh oekgu;a ia:djrj h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a ùfï
i,l=Kq fmkakqï lr we;s w;r" by< j¾Okhla i|yd
wjYH flfrk m%;sixialrK l%shd;aul lsÍu;a iuÕ"
oekg mj;sk wvq fmd,S wkqmd;sl mßirh wd¾Ólhg
h<s by< j¾Ok udj;lg <Õd ùug iydh jkq we;ehs
wfmalaId flf¾'

;jo" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2021 jif¾ § ,sys,a
uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh mj;ajd f.k hEu ms<sn| bÈß
ud¾f.damfoaYhla fj<|fmd< fj;g ,nd ÿka w;r"
tu.ska kqÿre ld,Skj fmd,S wkqmd;sl by< hEu
ms<sn| wfmalaId ÿre flß‚' w;HjYH fkdjk
wdkhk iy fjk;a úfoaY úksuh f.ùï u;
mj;akd iSudjka u.ska o" wvq fmd,S wkqmd;sl
jHqyh mj;ajd f.k hEug iydh úh' jix.;h
fya;=fjka wd¾Ólfha iuia; b,a¨u u; we;s jQ
n,mEu ms<sìUq lrñka WoaOukh wvq uÜgul
mej;Su;a iuÕ kqÿre ld,Skj wd¾Ól l%shdldrlï
h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍu flfrys 2020 jif¾ uqo,a
m%;sm;a;sh l%shd;aul lsÍfï § jeä wjOdkhla
fhduq lf<ah' iuia; b,a¨ï ;;a;ajhkag ksis
ie,ls,su;andjhla fhduq lrñka ueÈ ld,Skj
ishhg 4-6 b,lal.; mrdihla ;=< WoaOukh
mj;ajd f.k hEfï wruqKska Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
kuHYS,S WoaOuk b,lallrK rduqjla hgf;a uqo,a
m%;sm;a;sh l%shd;aul lf<ah'
2020 jir ;=< § .kq ,enQ uqo,a ,sys,alrK
l%shdud¾. wd¾Ólhg iïfma%IKh ùu jeä ÈhqKq
lrñka" m%;sm;a;s l%shdud¾. ms<sn| f;dr;=re fnod
yeÍu iy wd¾Ól mqk¾Ôjkh i|yd iydh ùug uy
nexl=fõ iQodku ms<sn|j md¾Yajlrejkag iy;sl
ùu i|yd jix.; ld,h ;=< § Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
úúO udOH yryd ish ikaksfõokh Yla;su;a
lf<ah' iudc ÿria:ndjh ms<sn| jevms<sfj, oeäj
wkq.ukh lsÍu;a iuÕ" 2020 jif¾ § Y%S ,xld uy
nexl=j ux.; ikaksfõok l%u lrd fhduq úh' ta
wkqj" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ms<sn| udOH
idlÉPd ux.;j meje;a jQ w;r" tajd iudc udOH
cd,d ;=<ska o iÔùj úldYh flßK' ;jo" Y%S ,xld
uy nexl=j uqo,a m%;sm;a;s yd iïnkaO f;dr;=re
wfkl=;a md¾Yaj w;r ikaksfõokh lsÍu i|yd
iudc udOH cd, Ndú;d lf<ah' fï w;r" bÈß
ld, iSudj i|yd mq¿,a mokula iys; id¾j wd¾Ól
m%;sm;a;s Wmdh ud¾. ms<sn| fj<|fmd< oekqïj;a
lsÍu i|yd Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ wêm;s;=ud
úiska —fmr oelau( 2021 iy bÈßh i|yd uqo,a
iy uQ,H wxY m%;sm;a;s˜" 2021 jir wdrïNfha §
ux.;j ksfõokh lrk ,§' wd¾Ólfha olakg
,enqKq m%jK;dj,g wu;rj" wd¾Ólh ms<sn| jvd
bÈß oelaula iys;j 2021 jif¾ isg m%ldYhg m;a
lsÍug kshñ; uqo,a m%;sm;a;s jd¾;dj ms<sn|j Y%S
,xld uy nexl=j ksfõokh lrk ,§' uqo,a m%;sm;a;s
uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl" uqo,a iy Kh
jd¾;dj m%ldYhg m;a lsÍu lrd fhduq ùfï §"
md¾Yajlrejkaf.a WoaOuk wfmalaIdjkag u.
fmkaùug iydh §u i|yd Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 2020
jif¾ § WoaOukh ms<sn| ueÈ ld,Sk mqfrdal:k"
uqo,a m%;sm;a;s iudf,dapk mqj;am;a ksfõokj,g
we;=<;a lsÍu wdrïN lf<ah' fï w;r" fldúâ-19
fya;=fjka we;s jQ wNsfhda. uOHfha jqj o" jd¾Isl
jd¾;dj iy uE;ld,Sk wd¾Ól m%jK;d we;=¿ Y%S
,xld uy nexl=fõ m%ldYk Tiafia id¾j wd¾Ól
m%jK;d ms<sn| f;dr;=re" NdId ;%s;ajfhkau lsisÿ
m%udohlska f;drj ks;sm;d m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,§'
óg wu;rj" m%Odk id¾j wd¾Ól ixLHd f,aLk
Èkm;d" i;sm;d" udislj iy ld¾;=uh jYfhka
Y%S ,xld uy nexl= fjí wvúfha m%ldYhg m;a
flß‚'
wvq b,a¨ï mSvk fukau" ukdj md,kh jQ
WoaOuk wfmalaId iy mßmd,s; ñ, ixfYdaOk
u.ska 2020 jir ;=<§ WoaOukh idfmalaIj wvq
uÜgul mj;ajd .ekSug WmldÍ úh' fld<U
mdßfNda.sl ñ, o¾Ylfhys ^fld'md'ñ'o'" 2013}100&
jd¾Isl ,laIHuh fjki u.ska ukskq ,nk u;=msg
WoaOukh b,lall.; ishhg 4-6 mrdih ;=<
mq¿,a jYfhka /£ mej;=‚' ta yd iudkj" 2020
jir wdrïNfha § by< hEula fmkakqï l< cd;sl
mdßfNda.sl ñ, o¾Ylh ^cd'md'ñ'o'" 2013}100& mokï
lr.;a u;=msg WoaOukh" jir wjidkh jk úg
l%ufhka wvq úh' fld'md'ñ'o' ys jd¾Isl ,laIHuh
fjki u.ska ukskq ,nk u;=msg WoaOukh" 2020
fmnrjdß udifha § ishhg 6'2l Wmßuhlg <Õd jQ
w;r" ta i|yd wys;lr ld,.=‚l ;;a;ajhka
fya;=fjka we;s jQ by< wdydr WoaOukh m%Odk
jYfhka fya;= úh' fuu ;;a;ajh" wdydr iy wdydr
fkdjk WoaOukfhys wvq ùu;a iuÕ l%ufhka
wvq jQ w;r" jir wjidkfha § ishhg 4'2la f,i
jd¾;d úh' iemhqï wxYfha ndOd u.ska 2020 jif¾
7
jeä ld,hla ;=< wdydr WoaOukh by< hEu i|yd
n,mEï we;s úh' jd¾Isl idudkH moku u;"
fld'md'ñ'o' u; mokï jQ u;=msg WoaOukh" 2019
jir wjidkfha jd¾;d jQ ishhg 4'3 yd iei£fï §
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg ishhg 4'6la olajd iq¿
jYfhka by< .sfhah' fld'md'ñ'o' u; mokï jQ
u;=msg WoaOukh yd iudk rgdjla wkq.ukh l<
cd'md'ñ'o' u; mokï jQ jd¾Isl ,laIHuh u;=msg
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7
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184
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u; mokï fõ'

185
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

úfYaI igyk 6
laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd fok nexl= Kh

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;lafiare lr we;' uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd ÿka Kh ms<sn| udisl

rEm igyk ú'i' 6'1

n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl= úiska laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd ÿka Kh u; jQ idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;sl

n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl= úiska laIqø" l=vd yd uOH n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl= úiska laIqø" l=vd yd uOH
mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd ÿka kj Kh u; jQ idudkH mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd § we;s iuia;
fmd,S wkqmd;sl Kh fYaIh u; jQ idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;sl
10 13

12
ishhg

ishhg

9
11

7
8
10

7 9
wf.da' 2020 iema' 2020 Tla' 2020 fkdje' 2020 foie' 2020 wf.da' 2020 iema' 2020 Tla' 2020 fkdje' 2020 foie' 2020

ish¨ m%udK j, Kh re' ñ,s' 10g wvq Kh ish¨ m%udK j, Kh re' ñ,s' 10g wvq Kh
re' ñ,s' 10g jeä Kh nß; idudkH kj Kh fmd,S re' ñ,s' 10g jeä Kh nß; idudkH Kh fmd,SS wkqmd;slh
wkqmd;slh
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j

1 International Labour Organization (2019) n,kak 4 Asian Development Bank (2017) n,kak
2 Department of Census and Statistics (2015) n,kak
3 Ministry of Industry and Commerce (2016) n,kak

186
 uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl" uqo,a iy Kh

rEm igyk ú'i' 6'2

n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl= iy n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; nexl= úiska laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj;
,nd ÿka Kh u; jQ idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;sl
laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd
,nd ÿka kj Kh u; jQ idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;sl § we;s iuia; Kh fYaIh u; jQ idudkH
17 17
16
fmd,S wkqmd;sl
16
15 15
14 14
ishhg

ishhg
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
9 9
8 8
wf.da' 2020 iema' 2020 Tla' 2020 fkdje' 2020 foie' 2020 wf.da' 2020 iema' 2020 Tla' 2020 fkdje' 2020 foie' 2020

nß; idudkH l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr kj Kh wkqmd;slh nß; idudkH l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr Kh wkqmd;slh
n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl= n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl=
n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; nexl= n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; nexl=
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j

iólaIKhla5 2020 cQ,s udifha § wdrïN lrk ,§' wxY i|yd idudkH fj<|fmd< Kh wkqmd;sl jk
n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= iy n,m;%,dNSs úfYaIs; nexl= nß; idudkH Kh wkqmd;slh (AWLR) yd nß;
úiska laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd idudkH kj Kh wkqmd;slh (AWNLR) w;r fjki
ÿka Kfhys idudkH msßjeh y÷kd .ekSu" fuu zl=vd idfmlaIj l=vd nj fmkakqï flf¾' flfia fj;;a"
yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr Kh iólaIKfhaZ m%Odk
m%udKj;a ;rï by< Kh fYa%‚.; lsÍï yd wemlr
wruqK fõ' fï i|yd" nß; idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;sl
Yla;shla we;s idfmalaIj úYd, laIqø" l=vd yd uOH
.Kkh lsÍug wkqrEmS Kh m%udKh ms<sn| f;dr;=re
o /ia lrkq ,efí' mßudK jHdmdr u.ska ,nd .kakd we;ehs wkqudk l<
yelss úYd, Kh we;=<;a fkdlrñka fmd,S wkqmd;sl
l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr Kh iólaIKfha fidhd we.hSug ,la l< úg" laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
.ekSï
jHdmdr fj; ,nd ÿka Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl iy iuia;
iólaIK o;a;j, uQ,sl ;lafiarejg wkqj" n,m;%,dNS Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl w;r mr;rh úYd, úh'
jd‚c nexl= laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdrj,g
,sys,a uqo,a ;;a;ajh fya;=fjka uE;l § iuia;
Kh ,nd §fï idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;sl iy ish¨u
fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;sl my< hEu" laIqø" l=vd
rEm igyk ú'i' 6'3 yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd ÿka idudkH
wxYh wkqj laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; Kh fmd,S wkqmd;slj, o ksÍlaIKh úh' fuu
,nd ÿka Kh u; idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;sl iólaIKhg wkqj" ish¨u n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska
13 laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr i|yd ,nd
12 lDIsld¾ñl ÿka iuia; Kh fYaIh u; jQ nß; idudkH fmd,S
11
l¾udka; wkqmd;slh jk nß; idudkH l=vd yd uOH mßudK
ishhg

10
9
fiajd jHdmdr Kh wkqmd;slh (AWSR)" 2020 jir wjidkh

7
8 jk úg ishhg 10'95la f,i jd¾;d jQ w;r" ish¨u
wf.da' 2020 iema' 2020 Tla' 2020 fkdje' 2020 foie' 2020
n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
igyk( kj Kh u; jQ idudkH Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl >K f¾Ld j,ska
ksrEmKh jk w;r leä f¾Ld j,ska iuia; Kh fYaIh u; jQ jHdmdr i|yd ,nd ÿka kj Kh u; jQ nß; idudkH
idudkH Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl ksrEmKh flf¾' fmd,S wkqmd;slh jk nß; idudkH l=vd yd uOH
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j mßudK jHdmdr kj Kh wkqmd;slh (AWNSR), 2020
foieïn¾ udifha § isÿ l< Kh §ï i|yd ishhg
5 laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr ks¾jpkh lr we;s wdldrh rgj,a w;r
fjkia fõ' Y%S ,xldj iïnkaOfhka .;a l," úúO wdh;k Tjqkaf.a wruqKq 8'53la úh' n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl=j,g idfmalaIj
u; mokïj úúO w¾:l:k Ndú;d lrk nj fmkS hhs (Department of
Census and Statistics, 2015)' l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr Kh iólaIKh jeä jYfhka l=vd Kh ,nd fok" n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs;
Wfoid uy nexl=j úiska uE;l § we;eï ksfhda. hgf;a ksl=;a lrk ,o
ud¾f.damfoaYhkag wkql+,j" jd¾Isl msßjegqu remsh,a ì,shk 1lg fkdjeä nexl= úiska laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr i|yd
iy fiajlhska 300lg wvq ixLHdjla iys; fiajd kshqla; wdh;k" fï i|yd
i,ld n,k f,i nexl=j,ska b,a,d isák ,§' ,nd ÿka Kh u; jQ idudkH Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl

187
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
rEm igyk ú'i' 6'4
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg laIqø" l=vd yd uOH
mßudK jHdmdrj,g ,nd ÿka iuia; Kh fYaIfhys
wdxYsl j¾.SlrKh
Kh ixLHdj ^oyia&
200 100 0 More than Rs. 10 mn
Services
Industry
Agriculture
0 200 400
iuia; Kh m%udKh ^re' ì,s'&
lDIsld¾ñl l¾udka; fiajd
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
by< w.hka .ekSu fya;=-fjka ish¨u n,m;%,dNS
nexl=j, laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr i|yd
jQ idudkH Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl" iuia; fj<|fmd<
Kh fmd,S wkqmd;slj,g jvd by< w.hla .kakd nj
fidhd .kakd ,§' 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg laIqø"
l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd ÿka iuia;
Kh fYaIfhka" n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= úiska ,nd ÿka
Kh fldgi ishhg 90'2la úh' fï w;r" ,nd ÿka Kh
ixLHdj wkqj" 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg n,m;%,dNS
jd‚c nexl=j, fldgi ishhg 50'2la úh'
lDIsld¾ñl wxYfha laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr
fj; n,m;%,dNs nexl= úiska ,nd fok ,o Kh u;
jQ fmd,S wkqmd;sl l¾udka; iy fiajd wxYj,g ,nd
ÿka tu Kh fmd,S wkqmd;slj,g jvd by< w.hla
.;af;ah' ;jo" Kh m%udKh wkqj j¾.SlrKh l<
úg" úYd, Kh u; idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;sl" l=vd
Kh u; idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;slj,g jvd wvq w.hl
mej;=‚' flfia fj;;a" fuu iólaIKfha wdrïNfha
isg" uOHu m%udKfha Kh ldKav yd iei£fï §" l=vd
m%udKfha Kh i|yd o idfmalaIj wvq fmd,S wkqmd;sl
,nd § we;s nj fmkS hhs'
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
jHdmdrj,g ,nd ÿka iuia; Kh fYaIh remsh,a ì,shk
7
743'0la jQ w;r"6 th n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska fm!oa.,sl
wxYhg ,nd ÿka uq¿ Kh m%udKfhka7 ishhg 11'1ls'
Kh m%udKh iy Kh ixLHdj wkqj i,ld ne,Sfï
§" laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdrj,g ,nd ÿka
iuia; Kh fYaIfhka fukau" kj Kh m%udKfhka
6 n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska ,nd ÿka remsh,a Kh muKla we;=<;a jk w;r
wl%Sh Kh" fYaI m;% fkdjk whs;u (off balance sheet items) iy rcfha
yd uy nexl=fõ m%;s uQ,H fhdackd l%u hgf;a ,nd ÿka Kh m%udK we;=<;a
fkdfõ'
7 n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= ^uqo,a iólaIKfhka ^M2) ukskq ,nk mßÈ& iy
n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; nexl= ^uQ,H iólaIKfhka ^M4) ukskq ,nk mßÈ&
fm!oa.,sl wxYhg ,nd ÿka uq`M remsh,a Kh m%udKh
188
rEm igyk ú'i' 6'5
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
jHdmdrj,g ,nd ÿka iuia; Kh fYaIfhys
m%dud‚l j¾.SlrKh
Kh ixLHdj ^oyia&
250 200 150 100 50 0
Above Rs. 1 mn up to Rs. 10 mn
Above Rs. 100,000 up to Rs. 1 mn
Rs. 100,000 or below
0 100 200 300 400 500
iuia; Kh m%udKh ^re' ì,s'&
re' ñ,s' 10g jeä re' ñ,s' 1g jeä re' ñ,s' 10 olajd
re' 100"000g jeä re' ñ,s' 1 olajd re' 100"000 fyda Bg wvq
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
jeä fldgila l¾udka; wxYhg ,nd ÿka Kh úh'
lDIsld¾ñl wxYh Kh m%udKh iy Kh ixLHdj
wkqj i,ld ne,Sfï §" laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
jHdmdrj,g ,nd ÿka iuia; Kh fYaIfhka fukau"
kj Kh m%udKfhka l=vdu fldgi jd¾;d lrk ,§'
laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr wxYhg ,nd ÿka
Kfhys l,amsÍï jHqyh i,ld ne,Sfï § uE; udij, §
,nd ÿka fndfydauhla kj Kh" flá ld,Sk jk w;r"
iuia; Kh fYaIfhys l,amsÍï jHQyh taldldÍj úys§
f.dia we;'8 fldúâ-19 jix.;h uOHfha laIqø" l=vd yd
uOH mßudK jHdmdr uqyqK fokq ,enQ uqo,a m%jdy wvd,
ùï fuhg m%Odk jYfhka fya;= úh yelsh' jHdmdßl
l%ufõoj, fjkialï ms<sìUq lrñka nexl=j, laIqø"
l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr i|yd Kh §ïys mej;s
fjkialï ms<sn|j o fuu iólaIKfha fidhd .ekSï
u.ska wkdjrKh úh'
l,dmSh rgj,a yd iei£fï § Y%S ,xldfõ laIqø" l=vd yd
uOH mßudK jHdmdr wxYfha uQ,Hhkh
laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdrj, ks¾jpk
iy wod< wd¾Ólhka ;=< tu wxYfha idfmalaI
jeo.;alfuys we;s fjkialï fya;=fjka" rgj,a
w;r laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr wxYhg
,nd ÿka Kh ixikaokh wNsfhda.d;aul úh yelsh'
flfia fj;;a" mq¿,a w¾:hlska i,ld ne,Sfï §" uE;
jirj, § Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Ól fõ.h wNsnjd j¾Okh
jQ fldßhdkq ckrch" uef,aishdj iy ;dhs,ka;h
jeks l,dmSh rgj,a yd iei£fï §" úêu;a nexl= wxYh
úiska Y%S ,xldfõ laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr
wxYh fj; Kh ,nd §u" idfmalaIj ÿ¾j, ;;a;ajhl
mj;shs' Y%S ,xldfõ laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr
8 jirla we;=`M ld,h i|yd jQ Kh flá ld,Sk Kh f,i;a" jirl isg mia
jirla we;=`M ld,h i|yd jQ Kh ueÈ ld,Sk Kh f,i;a" jir mylg jeä
ld,hla i|yd jQ Kh È.= ld,Sk Kh f,i;a j¾.SlrKh lr we;'

wxYh fj; ,nd ÿka Kh fldgi wvq w.hl mj;sk
w;r"9 laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd
ÿka Kfhys fmd,S wkqmd;sl mr;rh" úfYaIfhkau
l=vd m%udKfha Kh i|yd jQ fmd,S wkqmd;sl" iy
m%uqL .kqfokqlrejkag ,nd ÿka Kfhys idudkH
fmd,S wkqmd;sl w;r mr;rh by< w.hl mj;S'
idfmalaIj by< fmd,S wkqmd;sl mr;rhla mej;Su
u.ska" uQ,H fj<|fmd< ixj¾Ok uÜgu" laIqø" l=vd
yd uOH mßudK jHdmdrj, ÿ¾j, uQ,H idlaIr;dj
iy Tjqkaf.a nexl= Ndú;h i|yd m%fõYh hkd§ odhl
idOl iuQyhla ms<sìUq úh yelsh' ieïiqka" t,aÔ"
yhqkavdhs jeks f,dalfha úYd,;u iud.ï lsysmhlgu
uõ rg jqj;a" laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr úiska
ksIamdok w.h tl;= l< fldgi 2014 jif¾ § ishhg
49g wêl w.hl mej;Su10 yryd fldßhdkq ckrch
w;aolsk ,o id¾:l;ajh u.ska" laIqø" l=vd yd uOH
mßudK jHdmdr wxYh m%j¾Okh lsÍfï jeo.;alu
ksÍlaIKh l< yelsh'
ixLHd igyk ú'i' 6'1
f;dard.;a l,dmSh rgj, laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
jHdmdr uQ,Hkh
laIqø" l=vd yd uOH úYd, jHdmdrj,g
mßudK jHdmdr fj; ,nd ÿka Kfhys iy
rg ,nd ÿka iuia; Kh laIqø" l=vd yd uOH
fYaIh" uq¿ jHdmdr Kh mßudK jHdmdrj,g
iuia;fha fldgila ,nd ÿka Kfhys fmd,S
f,i ^2017 wjidkhg"11 wkqmd;sl mr;rh
ishhg& ^2017 wjidkhg"11
mokï wxl&
fldßhdkq ckrch 80'2
uef,aishdj 50'6
;dhs,ka;h 50'5
bkaÿkSishdj 19'9
Y%S ,xldj 14'112
uQ,hka( OECD ^2019&" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
9 l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr Kh iólaIKhg wkqj" n,m;%,dNS nexl=
úiska ,nd ÿka Kh muKla i,ld ne,s‚'
10 Jones and Lee ^2018& n,kak'
11 wd¾Ól iyfhda.S;dj iy ixj¾Okh i|yd jk ixúOdkfha ^OECD,
2019) ,l=Kq mqjrefjys 2007-17 ld,h hk i|yd f;dr;=re we;=<;a fõ'
12 2020 jir wjika jk úg" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr Kh
iólaIKh u.ska uksk ,o" n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl= úiska laIqø" l=vd
yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr j,g ,nd ÿka Kh iuia;h fm!oa.,sl wxYhg
jd‚c nexl= úiska ,nd ÿka Kh iy w;a;sldrï ms<sn| ld¾;=uh
iólaIKh u.ska uksk ,o" lDIsld¾ñl" l¾udka; iy fiajd wxY fj;
,nd ÿka uq`M Kfhys fldgila f,i'
13 úYd, jHdmdr i|yd wÞ< fmd,S wkqmd;slhla ±kg fkdmj;sk neúka" l=vd yd
uOH mßudK jHdmdr Kh iólaIKh u.ska uksk ,o" n,m;%,dNS jd‚c
nexl= u.ska 2020 foieïn¾ udifha § laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdrj,g
,nd ÿka kj Kh u; jQ nß; idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;slh iy wkqrEm udih
i|yd udisl nß; idudkH m%uqL Kh wkqmd;slh (AWPR) w;r fmd,S
wkqmd;sl mr;rh i,lkq ,efí'
uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl" uqo,a iy Kh
bÈß oelau
wvq msßjeh uQ,HlrKh i|yd jQ iSñ; m%fõYh
Y%S ,xldfõ laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr wxYh
yuqfõ we;s m%Odk ndOlhla f,i mj;sk nj laIqø" l=vd
yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr i|yd nexl= Kh §u ms<sn|
kj iólaIKh o;a; u.ska ;yjqre flf¾' fldúâ-19
jix.;h me;sÍu uOHfha olajk ,o iyh" Y%S ,xld
Kh f;dr;=re ld¾hdxYh ^CRIB& úiska Kh i|yd
,l=Kq m%Þkh lsÍfï l%uhla (credit scoring) y÷kajd
§u" —iún, .ekaùfï uKav,h˜ ^Empower Board& jeks
l¾;jHhka Tiafia fld<U fldgia fj<|fmd< yryd
fldgia m%d.aOkhg m%fõY ùug laIqø" l=vd yd uOH
mßudK jHdmdr Èß .ekaùu" iy m%uqL wxY i|yd Kh
,nd §fï b,lal l%shd;aul lsÍu jeks uE; ld,Sk
m%;sm;a;s l%shdud¾. u.ska laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
jHdmdr wxYhg j¾;udk wd¾Ól w¾nqohg id¾:lj
uqyqK §ug fukau" ueÈ yd È.= ld,Sk j¾Ok YlH;dj
lrd <Õd ùug iydh úh yelsh' jvd mq¿,a Kh wemlr
fhdackd l%u y÷kajd §u fyda ks;H Kh wemlr
wdh;khla msysgq ùu jeks l%shdud¾. laIqø" l=vd yd
uOH mßudK jHdmdr i|yd jQ uQ,H m%fõYh jeä
ÈhqKq lsÍug iydh jkq we;s w;r" fuu wxYh ;=<
ms<s.; yels wemiq/l=ï W!k ùfï È.= ld,Skj mj;sk
.eg¨jg tu.ska ms<shï fhfokq we;'
uQ,dY%(
1. Asian Development Bank (2017) Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Line
31
of Credit Project - Additional Financing: Report and Recommendation of the
217
President [Online]. Available at: https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/sri-
,e'fkd'
49273-002-rrp (Accessed: 27 January 2021)
167
24613 2. Department of Census and Statistics (2015) Non-Agricultural Economic Activities
in Sri Lanka, Economic Census 2013/2014 - Listing Phase [Online]. Available at:
http://www.statistics.gov.lk/Economic/Non%20agri.pdf (Accessed: 27 January
2021)
3. International Labour Organization (2019) The power of small: Unlocking the
potential of SMEs [Online]. Available at: https://www.ilo.org/infostories/en-GB/
7
Stories/Employment/SMEs (Accessed: 22 March 2021)
4. Jones, R.S. and Lee, J.W. (2018) ‘Enhancing Dynamism in SMEs and
Entrepreneurship in Korea’, Economics Department Working Papers No. 1510,
OECD [Online]. Available at: www.oecd.org/eco/workingpapers (Accessed: 25
March 2021)
5. Ministry of Industry and Commerce (2016) National Policy Framework for Small
and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Development - Action Plan [Online]. Available
at: http://www.industry.gov.lk/web/images/pdf/gg.pdf (Accessed: 21 March 2021)
6. OECD (2019) Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs 2019: An OECD Scoreboard,
OECD Publishing, Paris [Online]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1787/fin_sme_
ent-2019-en (Accessed: 25 March 2021)
189
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
jHdmdrj,g ,ndfok Kh ms<sn| kj iólaIKhla
wdrïN lrk ,§' iólaIK m%;sM,j,g wkqj"
n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska l=vd yd uOH mßudK
jHdmdr i|yd ,nd ÿka Kh u; idudkHh
fmd,S wkqmd;sl" n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl=j,
iuia; idudkH Kh wkqmd;slj, m%jK;djh
fmkakqï l< o" 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg nß;
idudkH l=vd iy uOH mßudK jHdmdr Kh
wkqmd;slh (AWSR)10 iy nß; idudkH l=vd iy uOH
mßudK jHdmdr kj Kh wkqmd;slh (AWNSR),11
ms<sfj,ska" ishhg 10'95la iy ishhg 8'53la f,i
by< w.hkaj, mej;s‚' ;jo" l¾udka; iy
fiajd wxYj, l=vd iy uOH mßudK jHdmdrj,g
,nd ÿka Kh fmd,S wkqmd;slj,g jvd" lDIsld¾ñl
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m;a lrkq ,nk ffk;sl fmd,S wkqmd;slh iy
fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;slh"12 2020 jir i|yd
jQ ishhg 11'64 yd iei£fï § 2021 jir i|yd
ishhg 10'12la úh' 2021 jir i|yd ffk;sl iy
fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;sl" 2020 jif¾ Tlaf;dan¾
udih o we;=¿j" bka fmr udi 12la i|yd jk
n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl=j, nß; idudkH ;ekam;=
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lr we;'
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10 nß; idudkH l=vd iy uOH mßudK jHdmdr Kh wkqmd;slh (AWSR)
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we;=<;a fkdjk w;r" n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr
i|yd ,nd ÿka ish¨u remsh,a Kh iy w;a;sldrï j, fmd,S wkqmd;sl u;
mokï fõ'
11 nß; idudkH l=vd iy uOH mßudK jHdmdr kj Kh wkqmd;slh (AWNSR)"
rcfha iy Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ m%;suQ,H fhdackd l%u we;=<;a fkdjk w;r"
n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHdmdr i|yd ,nd ÿka ish¨u
kj remsh,a Kh iy w;a;sldrï j, fmd,S wkqmd;sl u; mokï fõ'
12 ffk;sl fmd,S wkqmd;slh 1990 wxl 06 ork isú,a úOdk ix.%yh ^ixfYdaOk&
mkf;a ks¾jpkh lr we;s w;r" th uqo,la whlr .ekSu iïnkaOfhka jQ
´kEu kS;suh l%shdud¾.hl § wod< fõ' fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;slh" 1990
wxl 2 ork Kh wdmiq wh lr .ekSfï ^úfYaI úêúOdk& mkf;a ks¾jpkh
lr we;s w;r" Kh fok wdh;k úiska jd‚cuh .kqfokqjla iïnkaOfhka
jQ kS;suh l%shdud¾.hl § remsh,a 150"000lg jvd jeä Kh uqo,la wh
lr.ekSfï §" ta i|yd tlÕ jQ fmd,S wkqmd;slhla fkdue;s úfgl wod< fõ'
190
,nd §u i|yd f,dj mqrd uy nexl= 2020 jif¾ §
ie,lsh hq;= m%;sm;a;s ,sys,alrKhla l%shd;aul lrk
,§' 2020 jif¾ §" tlai;a ckmo f*vr,a ixÑ;
nexl=j tys f*vr,a wruqo,a b,lal wkqmd;slh
mokï wxl 150lska o" tx.,ka; uy nexl=j tys
ks, nexl= wkqmd;slh mokï wxl 65lska o my;
oeuQ w;r" hqfrdamd uy nexl=j m%;suQ,H wkqmd;slh
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flfia fj;;a" foaYSh úfoaY úksuh fj<|fmd<
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n,m;%,dNS nexl=j, úfoaY uqo,a ;ekam;= u; fmd,S
wkqmd;slj, wvqùu" f.da,Sh fmd,S wkqmd;slj,
m%jK;dj yd wkql+, fkdjq‚' t'c' fvd,¾j,ska
mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk b;=reï ;ekam;=j,g
wod< fmd,S wkqmd;sl 2019 jir wjidkfha § jQ
ishhg 0'02-4'50 mrdih yd iei£fï § 2020 jir
wjidkh jk úg ishhg 0'03-4'00 w;r mrdihl
jd¾;d úh' iag¾,sx mjqïj,ska mj;ajd f.k hkq
,nk b;=reï ;ekam;= i|yd jk fmd,S wkqmd;sl
2019 jir wjidkfha jQ ishhg 0'10-2'46 mrdih
yd iei£fï § 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg ishhg
0'03-3'00 w;r mrdihl /£ mej;=‚' fï w;r"
t'c' fvd,¾j,ska mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk ld,Sk
;ekam;= i|yd wod< fmd,S wkqmd;sl 2019 jir
wjidkfha § ishhg 0'20-5'50 mrdih yd iei£fï §
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg ishhg 0'10-6'00;a
w;r mrdihl mej;=‚' ;jo" iag¾,sx mjqïj,ska
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fmd,S wkqmd;sl 2019 jir wjidkfha § jd¾;d jQ
ishhg 0'10 -3'52 mrdih yd iei£fï § 2020 jir
wjidkh jk úg ishhg 0'05-4'25 w;r mrdihl
mej;=‚' fï w;r" úfoaY uqo,a ;ekam;= rg ;=<g
wdl¾Ikh lr .ekSfï wruqK we;sj" rch úiska
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fjys o Wmfoia u; 2020 wfma%,a
udifha § w¨;ska y÷kajd fokq ,enQ úfYaI ;ekam;=
.sKqïj,g úfoaY uqo,a ;ekam;= ,nd .ekSug
n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl=j,g iy cd;sl b;sß
lsÍfï nexl=jg wjir ,nd ÿkafkah' fuu úfYaI
;ekam;= .sKqï udi yhl ;ekam;=jla fjkqfjka
idudkH wkqmd;slhg jvd jd¾Islj ishhg 1l
wu;r fmd,shla o" udi fod<yl ;ekam;= i|yd
idudkH wkqmd;slhg jvd jd¾Islj ishhg 2l
wu;r fmd,shla o ,nd ÿ‚'
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7'4 uqo,a iy Kh iuia;j, m%jK;d
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ixÑ; uqo,a 2020 jif¾ § wvq j¾Okhla jd¾;d
lf<ah' 2020 jif¾ § jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h
m%;sY;dxl 3lska wvq lsÍu;a iuÕ" tu jif¾ §
n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= úiska Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ
mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk ;ekam;= m%udKh wvq
lrñka" remsh,a ì,shk 180l muK øjYS,;djla
uqo,a fj<|fmd<g ksl=;a flß‚' flfia fj;;a"
2020 jif¾ fojk Nd.fha § n,m;%,dNS jd‚c
nexl= i;= ;ekam;= moku by< hEu;a iuÕ"
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ mj;sk jd‚c nexl= ixÑ;
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg by< hEula jd¾;d
lf<ah' flfia fj;;a" 2020 jir wjidkh jk
úg" n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= úiska Y%S ,xld uy
nexl=fõ mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk ;ekam;= jd¾Isl
,laIHuh moku u; ishhg 49'1l wvq ùula
jd¾;d l< w;r" jir ;=< § remsh,a ì,shk 129'6la
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.ekSfï wvq wdjiaÓl msßjeh ms<sìUq lrñka 2020
jir uq¿,af,a ixirKfha mj;sk jHjydr uqo,a
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wkqmd;fha ie,lsh hq;= wvq ùu u.ska jQ RKd;aul
n,mEug jvd" 2020 jif¾ § ixirKfha mj;sk
jHjydr uqo,a by< hEu u.ska jQ n,mEu jeä
ùfï m%;sM,hla f,i" jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku
u; ixÑ; uqo,a" 2019 jir wjidkfha § jd¾;d jQ
ishhg 3'0l wvq ùu yd iei£fï § 2020 jir
wjidkh jk úg" ishhg 3'4lska by< .sfhah' ta
wkqj" ixÑ; uqo,a" 2019 jif¾ jQ remsh,a ì,shk
28'5l wvq ùu yd iei£fï § 2020 jif¾ § remsh,a
ì,shk 964'4la olajd remsh,a ì,shk 31'8lska by<
.sfhah'
j;alï wkqj i,ld ne,Sfï §" 2020 jif¾ §
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï m%idrKh
ùu ixÑ; uqo,aj, jeä ùu ioyd m%Odk jYfhka
fya;= jQ w;r" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ Y=oaO úfoaYSh
j;alï jir ;=< § wvq úh' rch úiska m%d:ñl
fj<|fmdf<ka rcfha iq/l=ïm;a ñ,§ .ekSfï
m%;sM,hla f,i rchg ,nd ÿka Y=oaO Kh by< hEu
fya;=fjka" 2020 jif¾ § Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ
Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï ie,lsh hq;= f,i by< .sh
w;r" fldúâ-19 jix.;h uOHfha iykodhS Kh
fhdackd l%u l%shd;aul lsÍfï m%;sM,hla f,i
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= fj;
,nd ÿka Kh m%udKh o by< .sfhah' Y%S ,xld
7'11 rEm igyk
uy nexl= fYaI m;%fha ixhq;sh
3,000 j;alï jd‚c nexl=j,g
rcfha iq/l=ïm;a ,ndÿka Kh
rch fj; imhk ,o Kh
w;a;sldrï f;d.h

f,i uqo,a i|yd jk b,a¨u by< .sh w;r" 2,000

tys m%;sM,hla f,i 2020 ud¾;= ui wjidkfha

isg 2020 wfma%,a ui ueo olajd ld,h ;=< § 1,000
úfoaYSh uqo,a" iq/l=ïm;a iy cd;Hka;r uQ,H wruqo,g
ixirKfhys mj;sk jHjydr uqo,a by< .sfhah'
remsh,a ì,shk

wod, j;alï

fldúâ-19 fojk /,af,a jHdma;sh o ixirKfhys 0

7
cd;Hka;r ixúOdk j,g we;s j.lSï" m%;sñ,§ .ekSfï .súiqï iy
mj;sk jHjydr uqo,a ;jÿrg;a by< hEug fya;= úfYaI .ekqï ysñlï i|yd fjka lsÍï

úh' ta wkqj" ixirKfha mj;sk jHjydr uqo,a 2019 -1,000 ixirKfha mj;sk jHjydr uqo,a

jif¾ § mej;s remsh,a ì,shk 37'0l m%idrKh yd

iei£fï §" 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg remsh,a -2,000
wfkl=;a whs;u ^Y=oaO&

ì,shk 834'8la olajd remsh,a ì,shk 156'8lska by< uy nexl= fj;e;s

jd‚c nexl=j, ;ekam;=
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mj;sk jHjydr uqo,a 2019 jir wjidkfha mej;s
cQks-18
ck'-18

fkdje'-18

wfm%a'-19

iema'-19

fmn'-20

cQ,s-20

foie'-20

ishhg 5'8l j¾Okh yd iei£fï §" 2020 jir

wjidkh jk úg ishhg 23'1l j¾Okhla jd¾;d
uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
lf<ah' ta wkqj" ixÑ; uqo,a u; jHjia:dms; ixÑ;

191
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
uy nexl=j m%d:ñl fj<|fmd< NdKavd.dr ì,am;a
fjkafoaisj, § ,xiq ms<s.ekSu i|yd jQ Wmßu M,od
wkqmd;sl hgf;a iyNd.Sjkakka úiska ñ,§ fkd.;a
NdKavd.dr ì,am;a fldgi ñ,§ .ekSu fya;=fjka"
uy nexl=j i;= rcfha iq/l=ïm;a f;d.h ^m%;sñ,§
.ekSï yd m%;súl=Kqïys Y=oaO w.h .e<mSfuka miq&
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg remsh,a ì,shk 717'3la
olajd remsh,a ì,shk 590'4lska ie,lsh hq;= f,i
by< .sfhah' ;jo" jix.;fhka n,mEug ,la jQ
jHdmdrj,g iydh oelaùu i|yd rch úiska .kq
,enQ m%h;akhkag ;jÿrg;a WmldÍ ùug 1949
wxl 58 ork uqo,a kS;s mkf;a úêúOdk hgf;a
.kakd ,o mshjrj,g wkql+, fjñka" fi!Nd.Hd
fldúâ-19 mqkreo iyk myiqlu iy rcfha
fldka;%d;alrejkag iy iemhqïlrejkag øjYS,;d
myiqlu l%shd;aul lsÍu;a iuÕ" Y%S ,xld uy
nexl=j n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= fj; ,nd ÿka
Kh o" 2020 jif¾ fojk Nd.fha § ie,lsh hq;=
f,i by< .sfhah' ta wkqj" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= fj; ,nd ÿka Kh 2020
jir wjidkh jk úg remsh,a ì,shk 114'5la
olajd remsh,a ì,shk 112'7lska ie,lsh hq;= f,i
by< .sfhah' fj<|fmd< iyNd.sjkakka w;sßla;
øjYS,;dj m%Odk jYfhka tla Èk moku u;
;ekam;a lsÍu i|yd uy nexl=fõ ks;H ;ekam;=
myiqlu wLKavj Ndú;d lf<ah' tys m%;sM,hla
f,i" 2019 jif¾ § remsh,a ì,shk 25l idudkHhla
f,i mej;s ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlu hgf;a mj;sk
fYaIh 2020 jif¾ § remsh,a ì,shk 130l muK
idudkHhla olajd by< .sfhah' ta wkqj" Y%S ,xld
uy nexl=fõ Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï" 2019 jif¾ § jQ
remsh,a ì,shk 173'9l wvq ùu yd iei£fï §"
2020 jif¾ § remsh,a ì,shk 437'7la olajd
remsh,a ì,shk 401'1lska by< .sfhah' wkd.;fha §
WoaOukldÍ mSvk we;s ùu je<elaùu i|yd Y=oaO
7
foaYSh j;alïys tjeks by< hEï" iuia; b,a¨ï
;;a;aj h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a ùfuka miq kej; wvq
jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf¾' fï w;r" Y%S ,xld uy
nexl=fõ úfoaY uQ,H j;alï wvq ùu iy úfoaY
uQ,H j.lSï jeä ùu fya;=fjka uy nexl=fõ
Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï 2020 jif¾ § remsh,a ì,shk
369'2lska wvq úh' rcfha úfoaY Kh fiajdlrK
f.ùï fya;=fjka 2020 jif¾ wjidkh jk úg
úfoaY uQ,H j;alï wvq úh' 2020 iema;eïn¾
udifha § ksõfhda¾lays f*vr,a ixÑ; nexl=j iuÕ
192
t<UqKq tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾ ì,shk 1'0l m%;sñ,§
.ekqï .súiqu iy 2020 cQ,s udifha § bkaÈhdkq
ixÑ; nexl=j iuÕ t<UqKq tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾
ñ,shk 400l oaúmd¾Yaúl jHjydr uqo,a .súiqu
m%Odk jYfhka fya;= fjñka" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ
úfoaY uQ,H j.lSï jeä úh'
ixÑ; uqo,a iy mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqu (M2b) w;r
iïnkaOh fmkakqï lrkq ,nk uqo,a .=Klh"
jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h wvq lsÍu iy M2b uqo,a
iemhqfuys ie,lsh hq;= j¾Okfha n,mEu ms<sìUq
lrñka 2020 jif¾ § by< .sfhah' M2b uqo,a .=Klh
2019 jir wjidkfha § mej;s 8'18 isg 2020 jir
wjidkfha § 9'75la olajd by< .sfhah' 2020 jir
;=< jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h wvq lsÍu u.ska
nexl= moaO;sfha uqo,a ueùu i|yd ;sfnk wjldYh
j¾Okh úh' fï w;r" uyckhd fj;e;s jHjydr
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uqo,a yd ;ekam;= w;r wkqmd;h" 2019 jif¾
jd¾;d jQ ishhg 6'9 isg 2020 jir wjidkh jk
úg ishhg 7'3la olajd by< .sfhah'
mq¿,a uqo,a (M2b) iemhqu iy foaYSh Kh
rdcH wxYh fj; imhk ,o Kh by< hEu
m%Odk jYfhka fya;=fjñka" nexl= moaO;sfha Y=oaO
foaYSh j;alï m%idrKh ùu;a iuÕ" 2020 jif¾ §
mq¿,a uqo,a (M2b) iemhqfï j¾Okh by< .sh w;r"
jir ;=< § nexl= moaO;sfha Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï my<
.sfhah' uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh ,sys,a lsÍfï l%shdud¾.j,
n,mEu ms<sôuq lrñka mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqfï jd¾Isl
,laIHuh j¾Okh 2019 jir wjidkfha mej;s
ishhg 7'0 yd iei£fï §" 2020 jir wjidkh jk
úg ishhg 23'4la olajd ie,lsh hq;= f,i by<
.sfhah' foaYSh Kh by< hEu" m%Odk jYfhka"
rch fj; imhk ,o Y=oaO Kh jir ;=<§ remsh,a
ì,shk 1"752'1lska by< hEu fya;=fjka" 2020 jir
;=< § nexl= moaO;sfha Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï remsh,a
ì,shk 2"091'8lska by< .sfhah' 2020 jir ;=< §
nexl= moaO;sfha Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï remsh,a
ì,shk 310'2lska my< .sfhah'
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n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl=j, mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk
uyckhd i;= ld,Sk yd b;sßlSÍfï ;ekam;= by<
hEu 2020 jir ;=< § uqo,a m%idrKhg m%Odk jYfhka
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 uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl" uqo,a iy Kh

úhoï wvqùu fukau" nexl= fkdjk wxYhg jvd 7'12 rEm igyk
mq¿,a uqo,aj, ^M2b& jd¾Isl ,laIHuh
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ms<sìUq lrñka" n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl=j, mj;ajd
2,500
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2,000
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w;r" jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku u; 2019 jir 1,500

remsh,a ì,shk
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500
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0
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500
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foie'-16
fmn'-17
wfm%a'-17
cQks-17
wf.da'-17
Tla'-17
foie'-17
fmn'-18
wfm%a'-18
cQks-18
wf.da'-18
Tla'-18
foie'-18
fmn'-19
wfm%a'-19
cQks-19
wf.da'-19
Tla'-19
foie'-19
fmn'-20
wfm%a'-20
cQks-20
wf.da'-20
Tla'-20
foie'-20
hkq ,nk uyckhd i;= b,a¨ï ;ekam;= o (M1)
by< f.dia we;s w;r" tu.ska mq¿,a uqo,ays iuia;
Y=oaO úfoaYSh rchg ,nd ÿka rdcH ixia:d j,g
m%idrKh i|yd odhl;ajh 2019 jir yd iei£fï § j;alï Kh ^Y=oaO& ,nd ÿka Kh

2020 jir ;=< § by< .sfhah' fm!oa.,sl wxYhg

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mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqfï j;alï wxYh ie,l= úg"
n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl=j, Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alïj,
by< hEula jir ;=< § jd¾;d jqj o" Y%S ,xld uy
nexl=fõ Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï my< hEu fya;=fjka"
2020 jir ;=< § nexl= moaO;sfha Y=oaO úfoaYSh
j;alï my< .sfhah' úfoaY ixÑ; Wmfhda.S lr
.ksñka rcfha úfoaY Kh wdmiq f.ùï fya;=fjka
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï 2020
jir ;=< § ie,lsh hq;= f,i my< .sfhah' foaYSh
nexl= tallj, Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï my< hEu
uOHfha" wlafjr< nexl= tallj, Y=oaO úfoaYSh
j;alï m%idrKh ùu fya;=fjka" 2020 jir ;=< §

7'4 ixLHd igyk

uqo,a iuia;j, m%jK;d
remsh,a ì,shk
2019 2020 fjki
whs;uh wjidkhg wjidkhg 2019 2020
^w& m%udKh ] m%udKh ]
1' iuia; jHjydr uqo,a tl;=j 678.0 834.8 37.0 5.8 156.8 23.1
1'1 uyckhd fj;e;s jHjydr uqo,a 494.2 641.0 21.1 4.5 146.8 29.7
1'2 jd◊‚c nexl= fj;e;s jHjydr uqo,a 183.8 193.8 15.9 9.5 10.0 5.5
2' uy nexl=j fj;e;s jd◊‚c nexl= ;ekam;= ^wd& 254.6 129.6 -65.5 -20.5 -125.0 -49.1
3' uy nexl=j fj;e;s rdcH ksfhdað; wdh;kj, ;ekam;= ^we& 0.1 0.03
4' ixÑ; uqo,a (1 + 2 + 3) 932.6 964.4 -28.5 -3.0 31.8 3.4
5' jd◊‚c nexl= fj;e;s uyckhd i;= b,a¨ï ;ekam;= 371.3 536.1 13.5 3.8 164.9 44.4
6' mgq uqo,a iemhqu" M1 (1.1 + 5) 865.5 1,177.2 34.7 4.2 311.7 36.0

7
7' uyckhd i;= jd◊‚c nexl= fj;e;s ld,Sk iy b;sßlsÍfï
6,047.2 7,318.6 450.7 8.1 1,271.4 21.0
;ekam;=
8' mq¿Ω ,a uqo,a iemhqu" M2 (6 + 7) 6,912.7 8,495.8 485.4 7.6 1,583.1 22.9
9' .e<mqï lrk ,o úfoaY jHjydr uqo,a ;ekam;= ^wE& 711.4 909.9 10.4 1.5 198.5 27.9
10' tAldnoaO mq¿ Ω ,a uqo,a iemhqu" M2b (8 + 9) 7,624.1 9,405.7 495.8 7.0 1,781.6 23.4

uqo,a .=Klh" M2b 8.18 9.75

ixirK m%fõ.h" M2b ^b& 2.04 1.76
^w& ;djld,sl uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
^wd& uy nexl=j fj;e;s jd‚◊c nexl= ;ekam;= iy uy nexl=j fj;e;s m%d:ñl fj<÷kaf.a ;ekam;= we;=<;a fõ'
^we& uy nexl=j fj;e;s rdcH ksfhdað; wdh;kj, ;ekam;= 2019 jir wjidkfha § remsh,a ñ,shk 55'7 la f,i o" 2020 wjidkfha §
remsh,a ñ,shk 30'4 la f,i o mej;=◊‚'
^wE& wlafjr< nexl= tAllj, fkajdisl ;ekam;= iy foaYSh nexl= tAllj, úfoaY jHjydr uqo,a ;ekam;=j,ska foaYSh j.lSï f,i
y÷kd.;a fldgila we;=<;a fõ'
^b& jir i|yd idudkHh'

193
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

7'5 ixLHd igyk

ixÑ; uqo,a iy mqΩ¿,a uqo,a (M2b) iemhqfuys j;alï wxYh
remsh,a ì,shk
2019 2020 fjki
whs;uh wjidkhg wjidkhg 2019 2020
^w& ^wd& m%udKh ] m%udKh ]
ixÑ; uqo,a 932.6 964.4 -28.5 -3.0 31.8 3.4
uy nexl=fõ Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï 896.0 526.8 145.5 19.4 -369.2 -41.2
uy nexl=fõ Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï 36.6 437.7 -173.9 -82.6 401.1 1,095.6
rchg ,nd ÿka Y=oaO Kh 363.0 868.9 -109.8 -23.2 505.9 139.3
jd‚c nexl=j,g ,nd ÿka Kh 1.8 114.5 12.9 116.4 112.7 6,181.0
wfkl=;a whs;u ^we& -328.2 -545.7 -77.1 -30.7 -217.5 -66.2
mqΩ¿,a uqo,a ^M2b& 7,624.1 9,405.7 495.8 7.0 1,781.6 23.4
Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï 100.7 -209.5 167.7 250.3 -310.2 -308.0
uqo,a wêldÍka ^wE& 896.0 526.8 145.5 19.4 -369.2 -41.2
jd◊‚c nexl= -795.3 -736.2 22.3 2.7 59.0 7.4
Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï 7,523.4 9,615.2 328.1 4.6 2,091.8 27.8
foaYSh Kh 9,410.7 11,721.2 577.3 6.5 2,310.4 24.6
rchg ,nd ÿka Y=oaO Kh 2,795.9 4,548.1 279.2 11.1 1,752.1 62.7
uy nexl=j 363.0 868.9 -109.8 -23.2 505.9 139.3
jd◊‚c nexl= 2,432.9 3,679.2 389.0 19.0 1,246.3 51.2
rdcH ixia:dj,g ,nd ÿka Kh 818.0 1,002.2 62.6 8.3 184.2 22.5
fm!oa.,sl wxYhg ,nd ÿka Kh 5,796.9 6,170.9 235.5 4.2 374.1 6.5
wfkl=;a whs;u ^Y=oaO& ^we& -1,887.3 -2,106.0 -249.2 -15.2 -218.7 -11.6
^w& ixfYdaê; uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
^wd& ;djld,sl
^we& wfkl=;a whs;u j;alï iy wfkl=;a whs;u j.lSï w;r fjki u`.ska .Kkh lrkq ,efí'
^wE& Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï fukau rdcH .sKqï fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska jd¾;d lrkq ,nk rcfha rka mjqï
fYaIh o fuys wka;¾.; fõ'

n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl=j, Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï uOHfha fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; Kh ,nd §fï §
by< .sfhah' fuu ld, iSudj ;=< §" úfoaYSh jvd;a ie,ls,su;a úh' ta wkqj" NdKavd.dr ì,am;a"
nexl=j, ;ekam;= iy wfkajdislhkag Kh ,nd §u NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr iy Y%S ,xld ixj¾Ok
by< hEu fukau" úfoaYSh nexl=j,ska ,nd .;a Kh ne÷ïlrj, wdfhdackh fukau" rcfha whsrd
my< hEu" wlafjr< nexl= tallj, Y=oaO úfoaYSh fYaIhka by< hEu fya;=fjka 2020 jir ;=< §
j;alï by< hEug fya;= úh' flfia fj;;a"
úfoaYSh nexl=j,ska Kh ,nd .ekSï jeä ùu iy 7'13 rEm igyk
úfoaY fiajdkshqla;slhkaf.a fma%IKj, ie,lsh foaYSh Kfhys jd¾Isl by< hEu
hq;= m%idrKh fya;=fjka wfkajdislhskaf.a
2,400
;ekam;= by< hEfuys m%;sM,hla f,i" foaYSh
2,200
nexl= tallj, Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï my< .sfhah' 2,000
1,800
rdcH wxYh fj; imhk ,o Kh by< hEu 1,600
remsh,a ì,shk

7
fya;=fjka nexl= moaO;sfha Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï 1,400
1,200
2020 jir ;=< § ie,lsh hq;= f,i m%idrKh úh' 1,000
Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï ie,lSfï §" 2020 jir ;=< § 800
600
rch fj; imhk ,o Y=oaO Kh remsh,a ì,shk 400
1"752'1lska ie,lsh hq;= f,i by< .sfhah' úfoaY 200
0
uQ,Hhkh i|yd jQ iSñ; m%fõYh iy rcfha wdodhu -200
2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020
2011

my; jeàu uOHfha rcfha foaYSh uQ,Hhkh by<

hEu fï i|yd m%Odk jYfhka fya;= úh' ;jo" fm!oa.,sl wxYhg rchg ,nd ÿka rdcH ixia:dj,g
,nd ÿka Kh Kh ^Y=oaO& ,nd ÿka Kh
w;sßla; øjYS,;djla mj;sk jd;djrKhla ;=<
rcfha iq/l=ïm;aj, wdfhdackh lSÍu i|yd nexl=
uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
jeä leue;a;la oela jQ w;r" jix.; ;;a;ajh

194
 uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl" uqo,a iy Kh

n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= u.ska rch fj; imhk ,o 7'14 rEm igyk
Y=oaO Kh remsh,a ì,shk 1"246'3lska by< .sfhah' jdKsc nexl= úiska fm!oa.,sl wxYhg ,nd ÿka Kh
fï w;r" jix.; ;;a;ajh fya;=fjka we;s jQ rcfha
125 30
yÈis wruqo,a wjYH;d ie,ls,a,g .ksñka" Y%S ,xld
100 24
uy nexl=j úiska m%d:ñl fjkafoaisj, § rcfha
75 18
iq/l=ïm;a Y=oaO mokñka ñ,§ .ekSu fya;=fjka"

remsh,a ì,shk
50 12
2020 jir ;=< § Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j úiska rch

ishhg
fj; imhk ,o Y=oaO Kh remsh,a ì,shk 505'9lska 25 6

by< .sfhah' 2020 whjeh weia;fïka;= i|yd 0 0

md¾,sfïka;= wkque;sh ,eîfuka miq Y%S ,xld uy -25 -6

nexl=j úiska rchg ,nd ÿka ;djld,sl w;a;sldrï -50 -12

m%udKh" 2020 fkdjeïn¾ udih wjidkfha mej;s -75 -18

remsh,a ì,shk 237'8 isg 2020 jir wjidkh jk

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úg remsh,a ì,shk 153'1la olajd my< .sfhah'
foaYSh nexl= wlafjr< nexl= jd¾Isl ,laIHuh
jix.; ;;a;ajh fya;=fjka rch i;= jd‚c tall tall j¾Okh
^ol=Kq wlaIh&
jHdmdr fndfyduhl uQ,H ;;a;ajh ÿ¾j, ùu uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
ms<sôuq lrñka rch i;= jd‚c jHdmdr fj; nexl=
moaO;sh úiska ,nd ÿka Kh" 2020 jir ;=< § yd ta yd iïnkaO ixprK iSud mekùfï mshjr
ie,lsh hq;= by< hEula jd¾;d lf<ah' ta wkqj" fya;=fjka tu j¾Okh wvd, úh' uqo,a fj<|fmd<
2020 jir ;=< § rch i;= jd‚c jHdmdr" nexl= ;=< by< øjYS,;d uÜgula iy idfmalaIj wvq
moaO;sfhka ,nd .;a Kh m%udKh remsh,a ì,shk fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;sl mej;sh o" jix.;
184'2lska by< .sfhah' ,xld Lksc f;,a kS;s.; ;;a;ajh ;=< Kh ,nd §fï § nexl= wkq.ukh
ixia:dj nexl= moaO;sfhka úfoaY jHjydr uqo,a l< wjodkï u. yeÍfï m%jK;djh fya;=fjka
f,i ,nd .;a Kh remsh,a ì,shk 74lska muK Kh iemhSu iSud lsÍu;a iuÕ 2020 wfma%,a udifha
by< .sh o" 2020 jir ;=< § ,xld Lksc f;,a isg Kh m%idrKh my< uÜgul mej;s‚' flfia
kS;s.; ixia:dj nexl= moaO;sh ;=< by< remsh,a fj;;a" b;sydifha fuf;la mej;s wju uÜgu
;ekam;= m%udKhla mj;ajd f.k hk ,§' fï w;r" olajd fmd,S wkqmd;sl wvq ùu fukau" Y%S ,xld uy
2020 jir ;=< § ud¾. ixj¾Ok wêldßh úiska nexl=j úiska iykodhS Kh fhdackd l%u l%shd;aul
,nd .;a nexl= Kh m%udKh remsh,a ì,shk 53'6lska lsÍu we;=¿ ,sys,a uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ;;a;ajhg m%;spdr
by< .sfhah' óg wu;rj" Y%S,kalka .=jka fiajh" jYfhka 2020 wf.daia;= udifha isg fm!oa.,sl
cd;sl c, iïmdok yd c,dmjyk uKav,h" rdcH wxYhg imhk ,o Kh l%ufhka h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a
T!IO kS;s.; ixia:dj" ù wf,ú uKav,h iy ùula olakg ,enq‚' ta wkqj" 2020 jir wjidkh
,xld úÿ,sn, uKav,h úiska ,nd .kakd ,o Kh jk úg fm!oa.,sl wxYhg imhk ,o Kh ishhg
m%udKh 2020 jir ;=< § by< .sh w;r" Y%S ,xld 6'5l jd¾Isl ,laIHuh j¾Okhla jd¾;d lrñka
jrdh wêldßh jir ;=< § tys j.lSï n,m;%,dNS jir ;=< § remsh,a ì,shk 374'1lska by< .sfhah'

jd‚c nexl= fj; kej; mshjd we;'
jix.;fhka ie,lsh hq;= f,i n,mEug
,lajQ fm!oa.,sl wxYhg" nexl= moaO;sfhka
imhk ,o Kh" ,sys,a uqo,a ;;a;ajfha iydhfhka
2020 wf.daia;= udifha isg l%ufhka by< hEula
jd¾;d lf<ah' 2019 jif¾ § wvq j¾Okhla jd¾;d
lsÍfuka wk;=rej n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= úiska
fm!oa.,sl wxYhg imhk ,o Kh j¾Okh 2020
m<uq ld¾;=fõ § hï h:d ;;a;ajhg m;aùula
olakg ,enqKq o" fldúâ-19 jix.;h jHdma; ùu
7
fm!oa.,sl Kh iy w;a;sldrï by< hEu
m%Odk jYfhka fya;=fjñka" 2020 jif¾ fojk
Nd.fha § fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; imhk ,o Kh
by< .sh w;r" jir ;=< § wd¾Ólfha lDIsld¾ñl"
l¾udka; yd fiajd wxYj, l%shdldrlï i|yd
,nd ÿka iDcq Kh wvq uÜgul mej;=‚' jd‚c
nexl= úiska fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; imhk ,o
Kh iy w;a;sldrï ms<sn| ld¾;=uh iólaIKhg
wkqj" 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg fm!oa.,sl
Kh iy w;a;sldrï f,i ,nd ÿka Kh j¾Okh

195
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

7'6 ixLHd igyk

jd◊◊Ksc nexl= úiska ,nd ÿka Kh iy w;a;sldrïys wdxYsl j¾.SlrKh ^w& ^wd&
remsh,a ì,shk

2019 2020 2020 2020

wxYh
wjidkhg wjidkhg ^we& odhl;ajh ^]& m%;sY;l fjki

lDIsld¾ñl iy ëjr 471.1 489.7 7.7 3.9

thsk"a f;a 95.8 102.0 1.6 6.4
rn¾ 25.9 30.8 0.5 19.0
fmd,a 24.7 27.8 0.4 12.7
ù 38.0 38.6 0.6 1.4
t<j¿Ω" m,;=re iy iq¿ Ω wdydr fNda. 30.8 29.2 0.5 -5.3
ëjr 21.5 20.5 0.3 -4.6
l¾udka; 2,427.0 2,540.1 39.8 4.7
thsk"a bÈlsÍï 1,197.6 1,348.6 21.1 12.6
wdydr iy mdk j¾. 130.8 148.3 2.3 13.4
frÈms<s iy we`.¨ï 214.6 235.1 3.7 9.5
ilial< f,day ksIm a dÈ;" hka;-% iQ;% iy m%jdyk WmlrK 192.3 132.9 2.1 -30.9
fiajd 1,692.8 1,716.7 26.9 1.4
thsk"a f;d. iy is,, a r fjf<|du 502.4 501.8 7.9 -0.1
ixpdrl jHdmdrh 235.1 261.7 4.1 11.3
uQ,H iy jHdmdßl fiajd 370.6 350.1 5.5 -5.5
kdúl" .=jka iy NdKav ksIl a dYkh 27.2 21.6 0.3 -20.6
fm!oa.,sl Kh iy w;a;l s drï ^wE& 1,418.5 1,632.1 25.6 15.1
thsk"a l,amj;akd mdßfNda.l s NdKav 239.1 330.8 5.2 38.4
Wlia Kh 211.0 248.7 3.9 17.9
Kh ldâm;a 131.0 127.8 2.0 -2.5
tl;=j ^b& 6,009.4 6,378.6 100.0 6.1
^w& jdKsc nexl= úiska fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; ,nd ÿka Kh iy w;a;sldrï ms<sn| ld¾;=uh iólaIKh u; mokï fõ' uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
^wd& Kh iy w;a;sldrïj,g whsrd iy jÜgï l< ì,am;a we;=<;a jk w;r tl;= fjñka mj;akd uqo,a YS¾I we;=<;a fkdfõ'
^we& ;djld,sl
^wE& zl¾udka;Z hgf;a j¾.SlrKh lr we;s zbÈlsÍïZ ldKavhg wh;ajk fm!oa.,sl ksjdi Kh bj;alr we;s w;r wdrlaIK cd,
wdY%s; Kh l%u u.ska ,ndfok Kh we;=<;a fõ'
^b& .Kkh lsÍfï l%ufõohkays fjkialï fya;=fjka" ld¾;=uh iólaIKhg wkqj fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; imhk ,o iuia;
Kh" uqo,a iólaIKfha we;s tu w.hg jvd fjkia fõ'

jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku u; ishhg 15'1la olajd
ie,lsh hq;= f,i by< .sfhah' fm!oa.,sl Kh
iy w;a;sldrï ;=<" l,a mj;akd mdßfNda.sl
NdKav Wm wxYh hgf;a jQ Kh" 2020 jir
wjidkh jk úg jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku u;
ishhg 38'4l ie,lsh hq;= j¾Okhla jd¾;d
lf<ah' fï w;r" Wlia w;a;sldrï u; jQ Wmßu
fmd,S wkqmd;sl wvq lsÍu iy rka ñ, by<
hEu;a iuÕ tjeks Kh i|yd jeä jYfhka fhduq
fuu wxYh ;=<" f;a" ù" rn¾ iy fmd,a Wm wxY
i|yd Kh m%jdyhka 2020 jif¾ § by< .sh w;r"
t<j¿" m,;=re j.dj yd iq¿ wdydr fNda." iy
ëjr hk Wm wxY i|yd Kh ,nd §ï" 2019 jif¾
wjidkh yd iei£fï § 2020 jif¾ § wvq úh'
fï w;r" 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg l¾udka;
wxYhg ,nd ÿka Kh j¾Okh" jd¾Isl ,laIHuh
moku u;" 2019 jir wjidkfha jQ ishhg 3'1 isg
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg ishhg 4'7la olajd

7
ùu ms<sìUq lrñka" Wlia w;a;sldrï u; ,nd §
we;s Kh" 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg jd¾Isl
,laIHuh moku u; ishhg 17'9lska j¾Okh úh'
flfia fj;;a" Kh ldâm;a w;a;sldrï jd¾Isl
,laIHuh moku u; 2019 jir wjidkfha § mej;s
ishhg 22'9l j¾Okh yd iei£fï § 2020 jir
wjidkh jk úg ishhg 2'5lska wvq úh' fï w;r"
lDIsld¾ñl yd ëjr wxYhg ,nd ÿka Kh 2020
jir wjidkh jk úg jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku
u; ishhg 3'9l wvq j¾Okhla jd¾;d lf<ah'
by< .sfhah' 2020 jif¾ uq,a ld,fha § fldúâ-19
jix.;h wdY%s; ixprK iSud fya;=fjka n,mEug
,la jQ bÈlsÍï wxYh" wvq fmd,S wkqmd;slj, iydh
we;sj ie,lsh hq;= f,i h:d ;;ajhg m;a úh'
ta wkqj" l¾udka; wxYh ;=<" l¾udka; wxYhg
,nd ÿka iuia; Kh m%udKfhka ishhg 53la
muK jQ bÈlsÍï Wm wxYhg ,nd fok Kh" 2020
jir wjidkh jk úg" jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku
u; ishhg 12'6l ie,lsh hq;= j¾Okhla jd¾;d
lf<ah' frÈms<s yd weÕ¨ï iy wdydr yd mdk j¾.

196
 uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl" uqo,a iy Kh

7'15 rEm igyk iei£fï § 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg ie,lsh

m%Odk wxYj,g ,nd ÿka fm!oa.,sl wxYfha hq;= f,i wvq úh' fldúâ-19 jix.;h me;sÍu iy
Khj, jd¾Isl ,laIHuh j¾Okh ^ishhg& th md,kh lsÍug .;a l%shdud¾. fukau" wdkhk
iSud lsÍï fya;=fjka iuia; wd¾Ól l%shdldrlï
0.2
1.5
1.4
ukao.dó ùu fiajd wxYfha l%shdldrlï i|yd
lDIsld¾ñl 2.6
iy ëjr
3.9
Kh ,nd .ekSug o n,mdk ,§' ta wkqj" fiajd
3.1
wxYhg ,nd § we;s Kh j¾Okh" jd¾Isl ,laIHuh
6.5 moku u; 2019 jif¾ wjidkfha § jQ ishhg 3'1l
6.5
l¾udka; 3.9
4.7 j¾Okh yd iei£fï § 2020 jir wjidkh jk
3.1
úg ishhg 1'4la olajd ukao.dó úh' 2020 jir ;=<
7.7
fiajd 5.0 fm!oa.,sl fudag¾ r: wdkhkh iSud lsÍu i|yd
6.1
1.4 l%shd;aul lrk ,o m%;sm;a;s l%shdud¾. uOHfha"
11.9 fiajd wxYhg ,nd ÿka Kh ukao.dó ùug odhl
fm!oa.,sl 9.8
Kh iy
w;a;sldrï
5.4
12.2
fjñka" uQ,H iy jHdmdr fiajd Wm wxYhg ,nd
15.1 ÿka Kh j¾Okh jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku u; 2019
jir wjidkfha § jd¾;d jQ ishhg 6'5l wvq ùu
foie'¡19 ud¾'¡20 cQks¡20 iema'¡20 foie'¡20
yd iei£fï § 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg ishhg
uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j 5'5lska wvq úh' ;jo" f;d. yd is,a,r fj<|du
iy kdúl" .=jka yd NdKav ksIaldYkh hk Wm
hk wfkl=;a Wm wxY i|yd ,nd fok Kh o" 2020 wxY i|yd Kh ,nd §ï o 2019 jir wjidkhg
jir wjidkh jk úg ie,lsh hq;= f,i j¾Okh idfmalaIj 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg wvq ù we;'
úh' flfia fj;;a" ilia l< f,day ksIamdÈ;" tfia jqj o" ixpdrl wdY%s; l¾udka; i|yd ,nd
hka;%-iQ;% iy m%jdyk WmlrK¦ ridhksl" § we;s Kh ,sys,a lsÍï iy jix.;fhka n,mEug
Lksc f;,a" T!IO yd fi!LH fiajd iy rn¾ yd ,la jQ jHdmdrj,g iydh ùu i|yd jQ úfYaI
ma,diaála ksIamdok¦ iy f,dayuh fkdjk Lksc iyk Kh fhdackd l%u we;=¿ wfkl=;a l%shdud¾.
ksIamdok hk Wm wxY 2019 jif¾ wjidkh yd uOHfha ixpdrl Wm wxYh hgf;a jQ Kh 2020

7'7 ixLHd igyk

jd‚c nexl= úiska fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; ,nd ÿka iuia; Kh fYaIfha
mßK; ld, ms<sn| úYaf,aIKh ^w& ^wd&
foieïn¾ 2019 foieïn¾ 2020 ^we&
wxYh mßK; ld,h
odhl;ajh ^]& j¾Okh ^]& odhl;ajh ^]& j¾Okh ^]&
lDIsld¾ñl iy ëjr flá ld,Sk 4.8 -1.2 4.5 -1.7
ueÈ ld,Sk 1.9 3.5 1.7 -5.3
È.= ld,Sk 1.1 1.3 1.5 44.0

l¾udka; flá ld,Sk 13.5 -0.2 11.5 -9.2

ueÈ ld,Sk 9.0 1.2 8.5 0.1
È.= ld,Sk 17.9 6.8 19.8 17.4

7
fiajd flá ld,Sk 10.5 -0.6 8.6 -12.6
ueÈ ld,Sk 9.2 1.9 9.1 4.3
È.= ld,Sk 8.5 9.8 9.2 15.6

fm!oa.,sl Kh iy w;a;l
s drï flá ld,Sk 10.2 14.5 9.2 -3.6
ueÈ ld,Sk 5.3 10.5 5.5 10.4
È.= ld,Sk 8.1 9.7 10.8 41.5

tl;=j flá ld,Sk 39.0 3.0 33.9 -7.7

ueÈ ld,Sk 25.5 3.4 24.8 5.5
È.= ld,Sk 35.6 8.0 41.3 23.3

^w& jdKsc nexl= úiska fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; ,nd ÿka Kh iy w;a;sldrï ms<sn| ld¾;=uh iólaIKh u; mokï fõ' uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
^wd& uQ,sl l,amsÍu mokï lr.ksñka Kh j¾.SlrKh isÿlr we;s w;r th jirlg jvd wvq-flá ld,Sk"
jir 1-5 w;r-ueÈ ld,Sk yd jir mylg jvd jeä-È.= ld,Sk jYfhka olajd we;'
^we& ;djld,sl

197
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

jir wjidkh jk úg by< .sfhah' ;j o"
n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= úiska fm!oa.,sl wxYhg
,nd § we;s Kh l,amsÍfï ld,h wkqj i,ld
ne,Sfï § flá ld,Sk Kh myiqlïj, wvqùula
olakg ,enqKq w;r" wvq fmd,S wkqmd;slj,ska
m%;s,dN ,nd .ekSug Kh l<fUys È.= ld,Sk
l,amsÍï i|yd mdßfNda.sl fhduq ùu fmkakqï
lrñka" ueÈ iy È.= ld,Sk Kh myiqlïj, jeä
ùula olakg ,enq‚' iuia;hla jYfhka" 2020
jif¾ § fm!oa.,sl Kh yd w;a;sldrïj, by<
hEu" fm!oa.,sl wxYhg ,nd § we;s Kh m%idrKh
i|yd ishhg 58lska muK odhl jQ w;r" l¾udka;"
fiajd iy lDIsld¾ñl yd ëjr hk wxY i|yd jQ
Kh by< hEu" fm!oa.,sl wxYhg ,nd § we;s Kh
m%idrKh i|yd" ms<sfj,ska" ishhg 31lska" ishhg
6lska" iy ishhg 5lska muK odhl úh' wd¾Ólfha
M,odhS wxY i|yd jQ Kh m%idrKh m%udKj;a fkdjQ
fyhska" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j" nexl= m%cdfõ o iydh
we;sj" laIqø" l=vd iy uOH mßudK jHdmdr wxYfhys
m%uqL wxYj,g Kh ,nd §fï b,lal y÷kajd §u
ms<sn|j 2021 ckjdß udifha § m%ldYhg m;a
lrk ,§'
mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqu (M4)
uQ,H iólaIKh13 u.ska ukskq ,nk mq¿,a
uqo,a iemhqfï (M4) j¾Okh n,m;%,dNS nexl=j,
Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï m%idrKh ùu fya;=fjka" 2020
jir wjidkh jk úg" jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku
u; ishhg 21'4la olajd by< .sfhah' M4 mq¿,a
uqo,a iemhqfï j;alï wxYfhka i,ld n,k úg"
Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï m%idrKh i|yd odhl fjñka"
n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; nexl=j, foaYSh Kh m%udKh
2020 jir ;=< § remsh,a ì,shk 250'7lska by<
.sh w;r" n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ïj, foaYSh Kh
m%udKh remsh,a ì,shk 2'8l my< hEula jd¾;d
491'3lska by< .sh w;r" jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku
u; 2019 jir wjidkfha jd¾;d jQ ishhg 3'9l
j¾Okh yd iei£fï §" 2020 jir wjidkh jk
úg ishhg 6'3l j¾Okhla jd¾;d lf<ah' M4
mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqug wkqj fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj;
imhk ,o uq¿ Kh m%idrKhg ishhg 25l muK
odhl;ajhla ,nd foñka" n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; nexl=
u.ska fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; imhk ,o Kh 2020
jif¾ § ishhg 15l jd¾Isl ,laIHuh j¾Okhla
jd¾;d lrñka" remsh,a ì,shk 122'3lska ie,lsh hq;=
f,i by< .sfhah' flfia kuq;a" n,m;%,dNS uqo,a
iud.ï úiska fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; imhk ,o
Kh m%udKh" 2020 jif¾ § remsh,a ì,shk 5'1lska
wvq ùfï m%;sM,hla f,i" jir wjidkh jk úg
ishhg 0'4l jd¾Isl ,laIHuh ixfldapkhla jd¾;d
lf<ah' jdyk wdkhkh i|yd mkjd we;s iSudjka
fya;=fjka jdyk wdY%s; Kh ,nd §u ukao.dó ùu
iy nexl= fkdjk uQ,H wxYfha wl%Sh Kh by<
hEu fya;=fjka wjodkï u. yeÍfï m%jK;dj fï
i|yd fya;= úh yelsh' 2020 jif¾ § M4 mq¿,a uqo,a
iemhqfï iuia; Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï m%udKh my<
.sh o" úfoaYSh j.lSï wvq ùu fya;=fjka n,m;%,dNS
úfYaIs; nexl=j, Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï m%udKh
remsh,a ì,shk 4'3lska by< .sfhah' M4 mq¿,a uqo,a
iemhqfï j.lSï wxYfhka i,ld n,k úg" 2020
jir wjidkfha § uyck;dj i;= iuia; ld,Sk
iy b;sßlsÍfï ;ekam;=" jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku
7'16 rEm igyk
uqo,a iuia;j, jd¾Isl ,laIHuh j¾Okh
40
35
30
25

úh' M4 mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqfï foaYSh j;alï ;=<" 20

7
ishhg

15
rch fj; ,nd ÿka Y=oaO Kh m%udKh 2020 jir
10
;=< § remsh,a ì,shk 1"882'8lska ie,lsh hq;= f,i 5
by< .sh w;r" n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; nexl= iy 0

n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï u.ska rchg ,nd ÿka -5

-10
Y=oaO Kh" ms<sfj,ska" remsh,a ì,shk 128'4lska iy
-15
remsh,a ì,shk 2'3lska by< .sfhah' M4 mq¿,a uqo,a
cQks-18
foie'-16
fmn'-17
wfm%a'-17
cQks-17
wf.da'-17
Tla'-17
foie'-17
fmn'-18
wfm%a'-18

wf.da'-18
Tla'-18
foie'-18
fmn'-19
wfm%a'-19
cQks-19
wf.da'-19
Tla'-19
foie'-19
fmn'-20
wfm%a'-20
cQks-20
wf.da'-20
Tla'-20
foie'-20

iemhqug wkqj" fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; imhk

,o Kh m%udKh 2020 jir ;=< § remsh,a ì,shk ixÑ; uqo,a M1 M2b M4

13 uQ,H iólaIKh øjYS,;dj ms<sn|j jvd;a mq¿,a ñkqula jk w;r" thg

Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iy n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= fukau" n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
nexl= iy n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï o we;=<;a fõ'

198
 uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl" uqo,a iy Kh

7'8 ixLHd igyk

mq¿,a uqo,a (M4) iemhqfuys j;alï wxYh
^uQ,H iólaIKh wkqj .Kkh lrk ,§&

remsh,a ì,shk
2019 2020
fjki
whs;uh wjidkhg wjidkhg 2019 2020
^w& ^wd& m%udKh ] m%udKh ]
Ω ,a uqo,a (M4)
mq¿ 9,444.5 11,461.9 714.9 8.2 2,017.4 21.4
;=vÿq ka idOl
Y=oO
a úfoaYh S j;alï 88.8 -217.1 222.4 166.4 -305.9 -344.6
uqo,a wêldÍka ^we& 896.0 526.8 145.5 19.4 -369.2 -41.2
n,m;%,dNS jd◊‚c nexl= -795.3 -736.2 22.3 2.7 59.0 7.4
n,m;%,dNS úfYaI;s nexl= -11.9 -7.6 54.7 82.1 4.3 36.0

Y=oO
a foaYh S j;alï 9,355.8 11,679.0 492.5 5.6 2,323.2 24.8
foaYh
S Kh 12,094.2 14,652.4 737.6 6.5 2,558.3 21.2
rchg ,nd≥ÿka Y=oO a Kh 3,483.0 5,365.7 382.9 12.4 1,882.8 54.1
uy nexl=j 363.0 868.9 -109.8 -23.2 505.9 139.3
n,m;%,dNS jd◊‚c nexl= 2,432.9 3,679.2 389.0 19.0 1,246.3 51.2
n,m;%,dNS úfYaI; s nexl= 613.9 742.2 95.3 18.4 128.4 20.9
n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï 73.2 75.5 8.4 13.0 2.3 3.1
rdcH ixia:dj,g ,nd ÿka Kh ^n,m;%,dNS jd◊‚c nexl=& 818.0 1,002.2 62.6 8.3 184.2 22.5
fm!oa.,sl wxYhg ,nd ÿka Kh 7,793.3 8,284.5 292.1 3.9 491.3 6.3
n,m;%,dNS jd◊‚c nexl= 5,796.9 6,170.9 235.5 4.2 374.1 6.5
n,m;%,dNS úfYaI;s nexl= 814.2 936.5 60.3 8.0 122.3 15.0
n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï 1,182.2 1,177.1 -3.7 -0.3 -5.1 -0.4

wfkl=;a whs;u ^Y=oO

a & ^wE& -2,738.4 -2,973.4 -245.1 -9.8 -235.1 -8.6
^w& ixfYdaê; uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
^wd& ;djld,sl
^we& Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï fukau rdcH .sKqï fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska jd¾;d lrkq ,nk rcfha rka mjqï
fYaIh o fuys wka;¾.; fõ'
^wE& wfkl=;a j;alï iy wfkl=;a j.lSï w;r fjki u.ska .Kkh lrkq ,efí'

u; 2019 jir wjidkfha § jQ ishhg 8'5l j¾Okh
yd iei£fï §" 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg ishhg
20'0lska j¾Okh úh' n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; nexl=
fj;e;s ld,Sk iy b;sßlsÍfï ;ekam;=" jd¾Isl
,laIHuh moku u; 2019 jir wjidkfha §
jQ ishhg 17'8l j¾Okh yd iei£fï § 2020 jir
wjidkh jk úg ishhg 21'6lska ie,lsh hq;=
f,i j¾Okh úh' flfia kuq;a" uqo,a iud.ï
lsysmhl n,m;% iy jHdmdr lghq;= w;aysgqùfuys
n,mEu fukau" jix.; ;;a;ajh yuqfõ by< .sh
wúksYaÑ;;d fya;=fjka n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï
fj;ska nexl= wxYh fj; l%ufhka ;ekam;= udre
lsÍu ms<sìUq lrñka" n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï i;=
ld,Sk iy b;sßlsÍfï ;ekam;= jd¾Isl ,laIHuh
moku u; 2019 jir wjidkfha § jd¾;d l<
ishhg 4'9l j¾Okh yd iei£fï §" 2020 jir
wjidkh jk úg ishhg 0'7lska iq¿ jYfhka
ixfldapkh úh'

199
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

200