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8
moaO;s ia:dhS;dj

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201
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

8'1 ixLHd igyk 8'2 nexl= wxYfha ld¾hidOkh

uQ,H wxYfha iuia; j;alï
fldúâ-19 jix.;fhka mek ke.=kq
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remsh,a remsh,a
jirg idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾ § ie,lsh hq;=
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fõ.hlska wLKavj m%idrKh úh' nexl= wxYhg
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wNsfhda.j,g id¾:lj uqyqK mEug m%Odk jYfhka
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s nexl= 1,578.7 7.9 1,837.5 7.8
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8
fya;=fjka wkqu; úY%du
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202
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8
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203
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

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n,mEfõ h'
uq`M iajhxl%h S fg,¾ hka;% ixLHdj 5,794 6,176
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lsÍu fya;=fjka nexl=j,g m%fõY ùu iSud ùu;a Þhl úh' fï w;r" 2020 jir wjika jk úg
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ÿkafka h'
2019 ^w& 2020 ^wd& fjki ^]&
j;alï( nexl= wxYfha j;alï moku 2020
whs;uh remsh,a
m%;sY;h
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m%;sY;h
2019 2020
jif¾§ remsh,a á%,shk 2'1lska j¾Okh jQ w;r" ì,shk ì,shk ^w& ^wd&

2020 jir wjidkh jk úg á%,shk 14'6l j;alï

Kh iy w;a;ls drï 8,122.4 64.9 9,091.7 62.0 5.6 11.9
w.hla .kakd ,§' th 2019 jir jk úg wdfhdack 2,996.7 23.9 4,195.8 28.6 12.2 40.0
jd¾;d jQ ishhg 6'2l j¾Okhg idfmalaIj fjk;a ^we& 1,403.6 11.2 1,378.8 9.4 -1.8 -1.8
ishhg 17'1l j¾Okhls' wLKavj mej;s jix.;
j.lSï
;;ajfha m%;sM,hla f,i wNsfhda.d;aul wd¾Ól ;ekam;= 9,162.3 73.2 11,140.9 76.0 7.9 21.6
yd jHdmdßl mßirhl § jqj o" wdfhdack yd Kh .ekqï 1,679.4 13.4 1,692.2 11.5 -4.8 0.8
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8
m%d.aOk wruqo,a
Kh j¾Okh j;alï j¾Okhg Þhl úh' Kh yd
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w;a;sldrï j, j¾Okh 2019 jif¾ § ishhg 5'6l uq¿
Ω j;alï$j.lSï 12,522.7 100 14,666.3 100 6.2 17.1
isg 2020 jif¾ § ishhg 11'9la olajd j¾Okh ^w& ixfYdaê; uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
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204
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whs;uh remsh,a remsh,a m%;sY;h 2019 2020
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iDKd;aul j¾Okhg ^remsh,a ì,shk 233'5l
8'5 ixLHd igyk
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Ndú;d fkdl< Kh iSud ^remsh,a ì,shk 279'9&"

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uQ,H fiajdjka 338.2 3.7 1.2
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f;dr;=re ;dCIK iy ikakf s õok
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205
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
úfYaI igyk 7
nexl=lrKfha kj hq.hla ( yß;núka yd bka Tíng
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8
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206
uQ,Hk fmr oelau f.dvkexùfï§ ish¿ we,aue;s
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ie,ls,a,g fkd.kS' we;eï uy nexl= yd kshdulhka
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bÈßfha§ nexl= j,g ndi,a m%d.aOk rduqfõ wÈhr fol
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;;ajhka i|yd mdßißl ;sridr yd ;sridr fkdjk
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8
iy ;dlaIKhka fõ.j;aj úldYkh jkq we;s w;r
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mshjr id¾:lj l%shdjg kexùug yelshdjka by<
207
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
kexùfï m%h;akhka yd ;dlaI‚l u.fmkaùu jvd;a
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Kh ,nd §fï§ yd wjodkï l<ukdlrKfha§ mokï
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Yla;su;aNdjh Wfoid Y%S ,xldjg iqÿiq ksrjoH
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bÈß .ukau.
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md¾Yjhkaa iu. tlaj flá" uOHu yd §¾> ld,Skj
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Khj,ska ishhg 73'1la m%Odk jYfhka
wd¾Ól wxY 6la fj; flakaøkh ù ;snqko" nexl=
úiska wd¾Ólfha úúO wxY w;r ;u jHdmdr
lghq;= úúOdx.SlrKh lr ;snq‚' m%Odk wxY
208
wdh;k yd wfkl=;a wdh;k úiska ;sridr nj ms<sn|
m%udKd;aul f;dr;=re jd¾;d lsÍu i|yd wd¾Ól"
iudÔh iy hymd,k me;slv ie,ls,a,g .; hq;= fõ'
fldúâ-19 jix.;h;aa iu. mek ke.s wd¾Ól lïmkh
f.da,Sh wd¾Ólh kej; Yla;su;a lsÍfï wjYH;dj
biau;= lrhs' ta wkqj ;sridrj wd¾Ólhka h<s k.d
isgqùug f.da,Sh m%;sm;a;s iïmdolhka wjOdkh fhduq
lrkq we;' ta wkqj l,dm yd rgj,a w;r ;sridr
uQ,Hk mshjrhka Wfoid iQodkï iy.; nj jeäÈhqKq
lsÍu yd ;yjqre lsÍug taldnoaO m%;sm;a;s l%shdud¾.
wjYH fõ' ta wkqj kj miq jix.; nexl=lrK hq.h
;=< iudchSh" wd¾Ól yd mßird;aul b,lal uqÿka
muqKqjd .kq jia ;sridr uQ,Hkh w;HjYH Wmldrhla
jkq fkdwkqudkh'
mßYS,l
• Y%S ,xld ;sridr uQ,Hk fmr oelau
(https://www.cbsl.gov.lk/en/roadmap-for-sustainable-finance-
in-sri-lanka-2019)
• ;sridr nexl=lrK cd,fha fjí wvúh
(https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/
ifc_external_corporate_site/sustainability-at-ifc/company-
resources/sustainable-finance/sbn)
• ;sridr nexl=lrK uq,a msrefï fjí wvúh
(https://sustainablebanking.lk/)
w;ßka ksIamdok" f;d. yd is,a,r fj<|du"
lDIsl¾udka;h" jk j.dj yd ëjr" ixpdrl iy
bÈlsÍï hk wxYhkays wl%Sh Kh wkqmd;h" 2020
jir wjika jk úg mej;s iuia; nexl= wxYfha
wl%Sh Kh idudkH wkqmd;h jk ishhg 4'9g
jvd by< w.hla jd¾;d lrk ,§' 2020 jif¾
§ wl%Sh Kh wkqmd; by< .sho" wys;lr n,mEï
wjfYdaIKh lr .ekSu i|yd m%udKj;a m%;smdok
yd m%d.aOk iajdrlaIlhka iys;j nexl= wxYh
l%shd;aul jk neúka th ;ju;a l<ukdlrKh
l< yels uÜgul mj;S'
fjf<|fmd< wjÞku
fmd,S wkqmd;h( fmd,S wkqmd; ms<sn|
ixfõ§;d wkqmd;h ^fmd,S orK j;alï" udi
12g wvq l,amsÍï iys; fmd,S orK j.lSïj,
wkqmd;hla f,i& 2019 jir wjika jk úg mej;s
ishhg 76'5l w.fha isg 2020 jir wjika jk
úg ishhg 74'9la olajd wvq ùu u.ska 2019 jirg
 uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj

8'3 rEm igyk 8'4 rEm igyk

nexl= wxYfha wlS%h Kh nexl= wxYfha wlS%h Kh i|yd fjka lsÍï

6 300 80
500 71.8 69.9
450 4.9 250 42.7 70
4.7 5 57.4
400 60
52.3
remsh,a ì,shk

350 200 52.1 61.3

remsh,a ì,shk
4 49.6
3.4 50
300 43.1 37.8
51.7

ishhg
2.8 3 150

ishhg
250 2.6 2.5 40
2.4
200 2.0 37.6 42.4
2 100 30
150 32.5
1.2 1.3 28.0
100 20
1 50
50 74.1 79.7 113.5 161.8 231.7 10
142 161 263 382 448
0 0
0 0
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

úfYaIs; fjkalsÍï idudkH fjkalsÍï

o< wlS%h Kh o< wlS%h Kh Y=oaO wlS%h Kh
wkqmd;slh wkqmd;slh o< wlS%h Kh wkqmd;hg o< wlS%h Kh wkqmd;hg uqΩ¿
^ol=Kq wlaIh& ^ol=Kq wlaIh& úfYaIs; fjkalsÍï fjkalsÍï
^ol=Kq wlaIh& ^ol=Kq wlaIh&
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j

idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾§ fmd<S wkqmd; wjÞkug /ia lrk ,o fYaI m;% j;alï j¾Okh ùug m%Odk
ksrdjrKh by< .sfhah' 2020 jif¾ NdKavd.dr jYfhka fya;= jQfha wfkla nexl=j, ;ekam;a lsÍï
ne÷ïlrj,g wÞ< m%d.aOk ,dNh remsh,a ì,shk yd wdfhdackj, isÿ jQ jeäùu jk w;r" úfoaY
12'2la jQ w;r" th 2019 jif¾§ jd¾;d jQ remsh,a uqo,ska /ia lrk ,o fYaI m;% fkdjk j;alï
ì,shk 3'4g jvd by< w.hls' fmd,S wkqmd; j¾Okhg bÈß ñ,§ .ekSï yd wfkl=;a jHq;amkak
my; jeàu yd 2019 jirg idfmalaIj 2020 jir WmlrKj, jeäùu n,mdk ,§' úfoaY uqo,ska
;=< nexl= wxYh jeäfhka rcfha iq/l=ïm;aj, /ia lrk ,o fYaI m;% j.lSïj, jQ j¾Okhg
wdfhdackh lsÍu fuhg fya;= úh' .kqfokqlrejkaf.a ;ekam;= jeäùu fya;= jQ w;r
úfoaY uqo,ska /ialrk ,o fYaI m;% fkdjk
fldgia ñ,( 2020 jir ;=< § fldgia ñ,
j.lSï j¾Okh jQfha bÈß úl=Kqï j, jQ jeäùu
úp,kh ùu u.ska nexl= u; we;sjk wjÞku
;=<sks' nexl= wxYh 2019 jif¾§ remsh,a ì,shk
wju uÜgul mej;s‚' 2020 jir wjika jk úg
14'2l Y=oaO úfoaY uqo,a m%;H.%yK ,dNhla jd¾;d
fj<|dï lsÍfï wruq‚ka mj;ajd .kakd wdfhdack
l< w;r 2020 jirg wÞ< m%;H.%yK ,dNh jQfha
l<fò fldgia fj<|fmd< wdfhdackj, jákdlu
remsh,a ì,shk 16'5ls'
remsh,a ì,shk 11'7la jQ w;r" th fj<Þï lsÍfï
wruq‚ka mj;ajd .kakd ,o wdfhdack j,ska ishhg 8'5 rEm igyk
1'5la o" uq¿ j;alï j,ska ishhg 0'1la o ksfhdackh nexl= wxYfha øjYS,;d wkqmd;

lrk ,§'
80 75.0 74.9
69.3 71.4 70.8
úksuh wkqmd;h( úfoaY uqo,ska /ia 70

lrk ,o j;alïj,g idfmalaIj úfoaY uqo,ska 60

/ia lrk ,o j.lSï jeäùu ksid" Y=oaO úfoaY 50

44.3
ishhg

39.2 40.0 39.5

úksuh ksrdjrKh 2019 jif¾ mej;s t'c' fvd,¾ 40 35.7 37.3
29.9 31.3 31.0
27.6
ñ,shk 90'3l w;sßla; úfoaY úksuh ksrdjrKhg 30 33.7
27.3 28.8 28.9
idfmalaIj 2020 jir wjidkfha t' c' fvd,¾ 20 25.7

ñ,shk 30'0l ysÕ úfoaY úksuh ksrdjrKhla 10

8
jd¾;d lrk ,§' Y=oaO úfoaY úksuh ksrdjrK" 0
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
fYaI m;%fha jQ uq¿ úfoaY j;alï j, m%;sY;hla ;ekam;= yd Kh .ekSïj,g jHjia:dms; øjYS, j;alï
Kh§ï wkqmd;h - foaYSh nexl= tall
f,i 2019 jir wjidkfha jd¾;d jQ ishhg 1'1g
uqΩ¿ j;alïj,g øjYS, j;alï ;ekam;=j,g øjYS, j;alï
idfmalaIj 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg ishhg 0'3la
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
olajd my; jegq‚' 2020 jif¾§ úfoaY uqo,ska

209
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

8'6 ixLHd igyk

nexl= wxYfha øjYS, j;alïj, ixhq;sh

2019 ^w& 2020 ^wd& fjki ^re' ì,shk&

whs;uh
re' ì,shk m%;sY;h re' ì,shk m%;sY;h 2019 ^w& 2020 ^wd&

NdKavd.dr ì,am;a 871.2 24.1 1,111.8 22.5 186.2 240.6

NdKavd.dr ne֕lr 1,203.4 33.2 1,685.3 34.1 262.1 481.8
Y%S ,xld ixj¾Ok ne÷ïlr 569.7 15.7 638.7 12.9 26.7 69.1
uqo,a 196.9 5.4 203.1 4.1 13.0 6.2
tAlI a K uqo,a 168.8 4.7 337.7 6.8 48.0 168.9
úfoaY nexl= .sKï
q j, fYaIhka 427.5 11.8 471.3 9.5 41.4 43.8
fjk;a 183.8 5.1 490.5 9.9 7.9 306.7

øjYS, j;alïj, tl;=j 3,621.2 100.0 4,938.3 100.0 585.3 1,317.1

^w& ixfYdaê; uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
^wd& ;djld,sl

øjYS,;d wjÞku( øjYS, j;alïj,g jeä iq/l=ïm;aj, lr ;snQ wdfhdack úh' óg wu;rj"
jYfhka nexl= wxYfha wruqo,a .,d hEu fya;=fjka nexl= wxYfha zzudi 12g wvqZZ hk mßK; ld,hg
nexl= wxYfha m%udKj;a øjYS,;djla mj;ajdf.k wÞ< iuqÉÑ; mßK; mr;rh" iuqÉÑ; j.lSïj,
hEug yels úh' n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl=j, m%;sY;hla f,i .;a úg" th 2019 jir wjidkhg
foaYSh fufyhqï wxYhkag yd n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs; idfmalaIj 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg mq¿,a ù
nexl=j,g wÞ, wju jHjia:dms; øjYS, j;alï we;af;a fmd,S wkqmd; my< hEfï keUqrejla
wkqmd;h ishhg 20lg by<ska mj;ajd .; hq;= olajk wjia:djl j;alïj,g idfmalaIj j.lSï
fõ' n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl=j, foaYSh fufyhqï wvq fmd,S wkqmd;hlg w¨;a ùï ie<ls,a,g f.k
wxYj, jHjia:dms; øjYS, j;alï wkqmd;h 2019 flá ld,fha§ j;alï yd j.lSï jvd hym;a
jif¾ foieïn¾ udifha§ mej;s ishhg 31'0 isg f,i l<ukdlrKh l< neúks' flfia kuq;a"
2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ udifha§ ishhg 37'3la olajd mßK; mr;rh wkjYH f,i mq¿,a ùu øjYS,;d
jeä úh' n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl=j, wlafjr< wjÞkulg fya;=úh yelsh'
nexl= wxYj, fuu wkqmd; tu ld,h ;=<§ ishhg ,dNÞhS;ajh( miq.sh jirg idfmalaIj 2020
47'1 isg ishhg 43'2la olajd wvq úh' 2020 jir jif¾§ fmd,S úhofï ixfldapkh ^ishhg 6'0&
;=<§ wdfhdackhkays jQ by< j¾Okh fya;=fjka yd ii|k úg nexl= wxYfha fmd,S wdÞhu wvq
;ekam;= yd Kh .ekSïj,g Kh §ï wkqmd;h
wkqmd;hlska ^ishhg 4'2& my; jeà ;snqKo Y=oaO
my< .sh w;r uq¿ j;alïj,g øjYS, j;alï
wkqmd;h yd ;ekam;=j,g øjYS, j;alï wkqmd;h 8'7 ixLHd igyk
by< .sfhah' nexl= wxYfha ,dNodhs;ajh
2020 jir wjidk jk úg nexl= wxYfha 2019 ^w& 2020 ^wd&
remsh,a iy ish¨ uqo,a tall i|yd wÞ, øjYS,
whs;uh idudkH
jákdlu j;alïj,
idudkH
jákdlu j;alïj,
^re' ì,shk& m%;sY;hla ^re' ì,shk& m%;sY;hla
wdjrK wkqmd;" ms<sfj<ska ishhg 255'9la yd f,i f,i
ishhg 202'1la jYfhka mej;=k w;r" tajd 2021 Y=oO
a fmd,S wdodhu 431.1 3.6 427.4 3.1

cqks wjidkh jk f;la mj;ajd .;hq;= wju fmd,S wdodhu 1,212.0 10.1 1,161.4 8.5
fmd,S úhou 780.8 6.5 734.0 5.4
kshduk wjYH;djh jk ishhg 90g jvd by< fmd,S fkdjk wdodhu 132.3 1.1 142.1 1.0
w.hl mej;=‚' óg wu;rj" 2019 jif¾§ úfoaYh
S yqjudre wdodhu 26.7 0.2 31.7 0.2
y÷kajdÿka Y=oaO ia:djr wruqo,a wkqmd;h (Net fmd,S fkdjk úhou 264.7 2.2 252.6 1.9
126.5 1.1 128.0 0.9

8
fiajl msßjeh
Stable Funding Ratio) 140'7laj mej;=kq w;r" fuu wl%hS Kh u; fjka lsÍï 60.9 0.5 83.5 0.6
wkqmd;ho 2021 cqks wjidkh olajd mj;ajdf.k nÿ fmr ,dNh ^tl;= l<
w.h u; nÿ wvq l< miq& 173.0 1.4 190.0 1.4
hd hq;= jQ ishhg 90l w.hg jvd by< w.hla fõ'
nÿ miq ,dNh 111.7 0.9 136.0 1.0
2020 jir wjidkfha§ uq¿ øjYS, j;alï remsh,a ^w& ixfYdaê; uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
á%,shk 4'9la jQ w;r thska ishhg 69'6lau rdcH ^wd& ;djld,sl

210
 uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj

8'6 rEm igyk úhoï remsh,a ì,shk 12'1lska wvq úh' fï w;r
iuqÉÑ; mßK; ld,h nexl= wxYfha
iuqÉÑ; j.lSïj, m%;sY;hla f,i
wl%Sh Kh i|yd ,dNfhka fjkalsÍï remsh,a
ì,shk 22'6lska jeäúh' tys m%;sM,hla f,i fmr
5 jirg idfmalaIj remsh,a ì,shk 18'2l jeä ùula
0
iu.ska 2020 jif¾§ nÿ fmr ,dNh remsh,a ì,shk
Èk 7g Èk 30g udi 3g udi 6g udi 12g jir 3g jir 5g
wvq wvq wvq wvq wvq wvq wvq 190'0la f,i jd¾;d úh'
-5
2020$21 ;lafiare jif¾ isg l%shd;aul jk nÿ
ishhg

-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
2019
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
fmd,S wdÞhu my; jeà we;af;a iq¿ jYfhks
^ishhg 0'9&' tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka nexl= wxYfha
Y=oaO fmd,S wdka;slh 2019 jir wjidkfha§
mej;s ishhg 3'6 isg 2020 jir wjidkfha ishhg
3'1la olajd wvq úh' miq.sh jirg idfmalaIj
Y=oaO fmd,S wdÞhu remsh,a ì,shk 3'8lska wvq jQ
w;r" NdKavd.dr ne֕lr j,ska ,o m%d.aOk ,dN
iy t' c' fvd,rhg idfmalaIj Y%S ,xld remsh,
wjm%udKh ùu ksid jd¾;d jQ by< m%;Hd.Kk
,dNh fya;=fjka fmd,S fkdjk wdÞhu remsh,a
ì,shk 9'8lska jeä úh' 2019 jirg idfmalaIj
2020 jir ;=<§ mßY%" WmlrK yd wdh;ksl úhoï
remsh,a ì,shk 7'7lska wvq ùu ksid fmd,S fkdjk
m%;sm;a;s j, fjkialï fya;=fjka nexl= wxYfha
nÿ miq ,dNh fmr jirg idfmalaIj ishhg 21'7l
jeä ùula iys;j 2020 jif¾§ remsh,a ì,shk
136'0la úh' fuu ,dNfhys jeä ùu nexl= wxYfha
j;alï j, jeä ùu iuÕ iumd; jk w;r th
j;alï u; m%;s,dN nÿ fmr wkqmd;h- 2019 jir
2020 yd 2020 jir wjidkfha§ ishhg 1'4 uÜgfï
fkdfjkiaj mej;sks' fï w;r ysñlï u; m%;s,dN
nÿ miq wkqmd;h tu wkqrEm ld,h ;=<§ ishhg
10'3 isg ishhg 11'4la olajd j¾Okh úh' fufyhqï
msßjeh wvqùu fya;=fjka ld¾hlaIu;d wkqmd;h
2019 jif¾ § jQ ishhg 52'6l w.hl isg 2020
jif¾ § ishhg 51'8la olajd idOkSh fjkila
jd¾;d lf<ah'
m%d.aOkh( nexl= wxYh 2020 jirg wÞ<
m%d.aOk wjYh;djhkag wkql+, úh' fldúâ-¡19
jix.; ;;a;ajh ksid nexl= wxYh úiska uqyqK
mEug fhÿkq wmyiq;d ie<ls,a,g .ksñka foaYSh
jYfhka moaO;suh jeo.;alula we;s nexl= yd
foaYSh jYfhka moaO;suh jeo.;alula fkdue;s
nexl=j,g m%d.aOk ixrlaIK iajdrlaIl (Capital
Conservation Buffer) ms<sfj,ska mokï ,l=Kq

8'7 rEm igyk 8'8 rEm igyk

nexl= wxYfha ,dNÞhs;aj o¾Yl nexl= wxYfha m%d.aOk m%udKd;aul;dj

4 25
3.6 3.6 3.6 9,000 20
3.5
17.2 16.5 18
3.1 8,000 16.4 16.2
15.6
20 16
3 17.6 7,000
17.3
14
remsh,a ì,shk

6,000
15 13.1 13.7 12
13.2 5,000 13.4 13.0
ishhg
ishhg

12.6
ishhg

2 10
10.3 11.4 4,000
1.9 2.0
1.8 10 8
3,000
1.4 1.4 6
1.4 1.4 2,000
1 1.1 4
0.9 1.0 5
1,000 2
5,059 5,713 6,787 7,137 7,666
0 0
0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

8
0
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
wjÞkï u; nr uQ,sl m%d.aOk iuia; m%d.aOk
fmd,S wdka;slh j;alï u; m%;s,dNh ^nÿ miq&
;enQ j;alï wkqmd;slh wkqmd;slh
j;alï u; m%;s,dNh ysñlï u; m%;s,dNh ^ol=Kq ^ol=Kq wlaIh& ^ol=Kq wlaIh&
^nÿ fmr& wlaIh&
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j

211
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
fldúâ - 19 jHdma;sfha —kj idudkHh˜ ;=, nexl= wëlaIKh iy kshdukh
yeÈkaùu
fldúâ - 19 jHdma;sfha wd¾Ól n,mEu
2019 wjidkfha§ u;=jQ fldúâ - 19 f.da,Sh fi!LH
w¾nqoh fya;=fjka we;sjQ iudÔh iy wd¾Ól m%;súmdl
u.yrjd .ekSu i|yd fkdfhl=;a rgj,a
Wmdhud¾. iy wd¾Ól l%shdud¾. yÿkajd fok ,È'
fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh;a iuÕu .;a ixprK iSud mekùu
ksid foaY iSud w;r ñksiqkaf.a iy NdKavj, ixprKh
iSud jQ w;r f,dj mqrd wd¾Ól iy fj<| lghq;=
wvd, jQ w;r Rcq úfoaY wdfhdack iy fma%IKj, wvq
ùu ksid ke.S tk rgj, wd¾Ólhkago wys;lr f,i
n,mdk ,È' tneúka" fldúâ-19 ffjria wdidok f,dj
mqrd ;j ;j;a jd¾;d fjñka th ;jÿrg;a me;srhdfï
wjodku ;=< f.da,Sh o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;h (GDP)
iS>% f,i my; jeàu ksid wd¾Ólhka h:d ;;ajhg
m;aùu wfmalaIs;hkag jvd ukao.dñ úh yel' fujeks
miqìul fldúâ-19 jHdma;sfha wúksYaÑ;;dj iy §¾>
iajNdjh wkqj nexl= we;=¿ mqoa.,hska iy jHdmdßl
wdh;k ;u jHdmdr fufyhqï zkj idudkHhgZ
(new normal) wkqj¾;kh l< hq;= fõ'
nexl= wxYhg we;s n,mEu
fldúâ - 19 jHdma;sh fya;=fjka Kh .ekqïlrejkaf.a
wdodhï iy bmehSfï Odß;djka wys;lr f,i n,mEug
,laù we;s ksid Tjqkag ;u Kh wdmiq f.ùu wiSre
ù we;' tf,iu" we;eï Kh .ekqïlrejkaf.a Kh
wdmiq f.ùfï yelshdj È.= ld,Skj msßySug ,laúh
yels ksid nexl= wxYfha Kh .=Kd;aulNdjh" wd¾Ólh
h:d ;;ajhg m;aùfï iajNdjh yd fõ.h u; r|d
mj;S' tneúka" fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh u.ska" nexl= j,
Kh j¾.SlrKh" wfmalaIs; Kh ydks ^expected credit
losses&" m%;smdok ^provisioning&" Kh wjodkï nr
;eîu ^credit risk weightings& iy m%d.aOkh flfrys
8
we;s lrk n,mEu ;lafiare lsÍu wmyiq ù we;'
212
úfYaI igyk 8
rchka iy kshduk n,OdÍka úiska nexl= fj; Kh
.ekqïlrejkag Kh f.ùï l,a oeóu iy Kh iyk
,nd §u wksjd¾h lsÍu fyda Èß .ekaùu ksid fmd,S iy
uQ,sl uqo,a wdmiq f.ùu m%udoùu fya;=fjka nexl=j,
uqo,a m%jdy iy øjYS,;d ;;a;ajhka flfrys wys;lr
kj n,mEï we;s úh yel' tneúka" wvq wdodhï m%jdy iy
by< w,dN nexl=j, ,dNodhs;ajhg wys;lr f,i
n,mdkq we;s w;r m%d.aOk wkqmd; o wvq lrkq we;'
äðg,a nexl= udOH iy fiajdj,g mdßfNda.slhska
udre ùu iuÕ úúO jxpksl md¾Yjhka úiska jxpd"
wmrdO iy kS;s úfrdaë l%shdjka i|yd wjia:d
y÷kd .ekSu u.ska mdßfNda.slhka uQ,H wmrdO fyda
úIudpdrfha f.dÿre njg m;aùu ksid nexl=j,g
kS;suh wjodkï we;s l< yelsh' nexl= we;=¿ fndfyda
wdh;k zkj idudkHhZ ;=< ksjfia isg jev lsÍu"
ÿria: jev ms<sfj,j,a" jev uqr ^duty shifts&" kuHYS,S
rdcldß ld,hka ^flexible hours& jeks kuHYS,S
jev ms<sfj,j,a fj; fhduq ù we;' flfiafj;;a"
ksjfia isg jev lsÍfï l%shdud¾. u.ska f;dr;=re yd
o;a; iqrlaIs;;dj" wNHka;r yd ndysr jxpd" ihsn¾
myr§ï" wNHka;r cd,.; Odß;dj ^internal network
capacity&" uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh ^AML& iy Tfí
.kqfokqlre oek.ekSfï ^KYC& wjYH;d jeks md,k
hdka;%K flfrys wys;lr n,mEï we;s l< yel'
—kj idudkHhg˜ .e,fmk mßÈ l%shd;aul lr we;s
kshduk mshjrhka
nexl= wxYfha wdrlaIdj yd ia:dhs;dj ;yjqre lrñka
fldúâ - 19 jHdma;sh ksid mSvdjg m;a jQ mqoa.,hkag
iy jHdmdrj,g iydh ùu i|yd nexl=j,g myiqlï
ie,iSu i|yd f,dj mqrd kshduk yd wëlaIK
n,OdÍka úúO jQ kshduk l%shdud¾. l%shd;aul lr
we;' wd¾Ólhg Kh iemhSu myiq lsÍu i|yd f,dj
kshduk yd wëlaIK wdh;k lsysmhla úiska wkq.
ukh lrkq ,nk kshduk l%shdud¾. my; j.=fõ
olajd we;'
 uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj

ixLHd igyk js'i' 8'1

kshduk yd wëlaIK wdh;khka úiska wkq.ukh lrkq ,nk kshduk l%shdud¾.

rg rcfha m%d.aOk wjYH;d j;alï j¾.SlrKh wfmalaIs; Kh ,dNdxY iy fjk;a

wemlr ydks i|yd f.ùï
fjka lsÍï
´iafÜ%,shdj Tõ ixrlaIl Ndú;d kj u. fmkaùï - iSud lsÍug
lsÍug Èß.ekaùu wfmalaIs;hs
lekvdj Tõ foaYSh ia:dhs;d kj u. fmkaùï kj u. jeä ùï
ixrlaIl my< oeóu, fmkaùï" keje;aùug
ixrlaIl Ndú;d wfmalaIs;hs
ixl%dka;s
lsÍug Èß.ekaùu
úêúOdk
y÷kajd§u
hqfrdamdkq Tõ* wd¾Ól pl%hg kj u. fmkaùï kj u. fm- iSud lsÍug
ix.uh m%;súreoaOj f.dv kaùï wfmalaIs;hs
ke.sh hq;= m%d.aOk
iajdrlaIlh‍
[Countercycli-
cal Capital Buffer
^CCyB&] uqod yeÍu
iy ixrlaIl Ndú;d
lsÍug Èß.ekaùu

bkaÈhdj Tõ m%d.aOk ixrlaIK ia- kj u. fmkaùï - iSud lsÍug

jdrlaIlfha ^Capital wfmalaIs;hs
Conservation Buffer&
wjidk by< oeóu
l,a oeóu

cmdkh Tõ ixrlaIl Ndú;d we;eï Kh i|yd - -

lsÍug Èß.ekaùu wjodkï nr ;eîu
fjkia lsÍu
uef,aishdj Tõ ixrlaIl Ndú;d wdmiq f.ùfï wdOdr kj u. fm- -
jevigykaj,g wod<
lsÍug Èß.ekaùu kaùï
jk m%d.aOk iy
.sKqïlrK
kS;s w¾: ksrEmKhka
ms<sn| meyeÈ,s lsÍu
;dhs,ka;h Tõ - Kh .ekqïlrejkaf.a Kh ydks iSud lsÍug
j¾.SlrKh ms<sn| m%;smdok kS;s wfmalaIs;hs
fr.=,dis ,sys,a lsÍu ,sys,a lsÍu
tlai;a rdcOdksh Tõ wd¾Ól pl%hg kj u. fmkaùï kj u. fm- iSud lsÍug
m%;súreoaOj f.dv kaùï wfmalaIs;hs
ke.sh hq;= m%d.aOk
iajdrlaIlh‍
^CCyB& uqod yeÍu
iy ixrlaIl Ndú;d
lsÍug Èß.ekaùu

tlai;a ckmoh Tõ ixrlaIl Ndú;d kj u. fmkaùï" iSñ; l,a oeóï úplaIKYS,S ;SrK
lsÍug Èß.ekaùu i|yd úl,am wfmalaId lsÍu"
Kh w¾: oelaùu
iy w;sf¾l f;da,k ,nd §u" iajhxl%Sh iSudjka
wkqmd;h fjkia ixl%dka;s iqug lsÍu
úêúOdk §¾>

8
lsÍu
lsÍu
^*& iuyr rgj,a j, fldkafoais fjkia fõ uQ,dY%( t*atiawhs ixlaIsma;( fldúâ - 19 jix.;hg kshduk
m%;spdr" u,hdishdfõ uy nexl=j ^Bank Negara Malaysia&"
;dhs,ka; uy nexl=j ^Bank of Thailand& iy bkaÈhdkq
ixÑ; nexl=fõ ^Reserve Bank of India& fjí wvú

213
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
n,mEug ,lajQ Kh .ekqïlrejkag iyk ie,iSu
i|yd Kh wemlr fhdackd l%u ^Credit guarantee
schemes& we;=¿ Kh ;djld,sl w;aysgqùï
kshdulhska úiska y÷kajd § we;' fuu l%shdud¾.
uÕska nexl= yd Kh .ekqïlrejkag m%fhdackj;a
jk whqßka Kh myiqlï kej; ilia lsÍug fyda
m%;sjHqy.; lsÍug bv ,nd § we;s w;r" tu.ska uqo,a
m%jdy ÿIalr;d we;s Kh .e;shkaf.a Kh meyer yeÍï
wju fldg Tjqkaf.a jHdmdr lghq;= h:d ;;a;ajhg
m;a lsÍug isÿjkq we;' ta wkqj f,dj mqrd úúO
kshduk wdh;k úiska Kh kej; j¾.SlrKh i|yd
fldkafoais ms<sn|j jvd kuHYS,S w¾:l:k ,nd
§fuka nexl= j, j;alï j, .=Kd;aulNdjh ;lafiare
lsÍug u. fmkaùula ,nd § we;'
ndi,a III rduqj jeks f.da,Sh m%ñ;Ska j, we;s
wd¾Ólh hym;a ld,j,§ /ia lr we;s ixrlaIl"
tkï wd¾Ól pl%hg m%;súreoaOj f.dv ke.sh hq;=
m%d.aOk iajdrlaIlh (CCyB) iy m%d.aOk ixrlaIK
iajdrlaIlh ^Capital Conservation Buffer& my;g
oeóug we;s kuHYS,SNdjh" kshdulhska úiska" nexl=j,g
wod< wju kshduk wjYH;d W,a,x>kh fkdjk fia
fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh ksid we;sjQ mdvq wjfYdaIKh lr
.ksñka Kh j¾Okhg wjldYh ks¾udKh lsÍug
iy uQ¾; wd¾Ól lghq;= i|yd m%Odk nexl= myiqlï
iemhSug Ndú;d lr we;' ;jo" nexl= j,g øjYS,;djh
iemhSu i|yd ndi,a III rduqj hgf;a ud¾f.damfoaYhkag
wkql+,j øjYS,;d ixrlaIl tkï øjYS,;d wdjrK
wkqmd;h ^Liquidity Coverage Ratio& iy Y=oaO ia:dhs
wruqo,a wkqmd;h ^Net Stable Funding Ratio& 100] g
jvd my; oeóugo mshjr f.k we;'
nexl=j, m%d.aOk uÜgï iq/lSug iy nexl=j,g wd¾Ól
lghq;= i|yd iydh ùu i|yd kuHYS,S njla ,nd §ug
fndfyda kshduk wdh;k úiska m%d.aOk fnodyeÍï
iy nexl=j, wNsu;h mßÈ f.ùï i|yd ;djld,sl
iSudjka mkjd we;' ;jo" we;eï kshdulhska úiska
nexl=j, kshduk yd wkql+,;d ,sys,a lsÍu i|yd
we;eï kshduk m%ñ;Ska iy $ fyda ixl%dka;s úêúOdk
tkï ndi,a III l%shd;aul lsÍu" m%d.aOk wjYH;d iy
.sKqïlrK kS;s l%shd;aul lsÍu l,a oud we;'
wëlaIK Odß;dj( —kj idudkH˜ ys wëlaIK l%shdj,s iy
l%shd mámdá
fldúâ - 19 jHdma;sh ksid nexl= wxYfha wjodkï
jeäùu" tu.ska we;s jQ ixprK iSud lsÍï iy iudc
8
ÿria:Ndjh mj;ajd .ekSfï wjYH;djh fya;=fjka
wëlaIK Odß;djhg we;sjQ n,mEï iuÕ t;eka
wëlaIKh iy nexl= l<ukdldß;ajh iuÕ uqyqKg
uqyqK,d /iaùï meje;aùu iSud lr we;' tneúka
fuu iSudjkag ms<shï fh§u i|yd jvd;a ;Sj% wLKav
214
wëlaIKh iy fidaÈis lsÍu jeks úl,am l%u wkq.
ukh lr we;' ta wkqj" oekg mj;sk o;a; ,nd .ekSfï$
wdlD;s hdj;ald,Sk lrñka jvd;a úia;rd;aul o;a;
jeä jdr .Kklska jd¾;d lsÍu yd wLKav wëlaIK
wjYH;d i|yd iydh ùug wjYH;d u; f;dr;=re
jd¾;d lsÍfï wdlD;s jeä ÈhqKq lsÍuo nexl= úiska
l< hq;= fõ' ;jo" j;alïj, .=Kd;aulNdjh" m%d.aOk
m%udKj;a nj" øjYS,;d jHqyh iy nexl=j, fufyhqï
lghq;= j, Tfrd;a;= §fï yelshdj jeks fldúâ-19
jHdma;sh ksid u;=jk wjodkï u; we;s jQQ wëlaIK
m%uqL;d wLKavj kej; ;lafiare lsÍug kshdulhska
úiska mshjr f.k ;sfí' fuu.ska nexl=j, Tfrd;a;=
§fï yelshdj iy;sl lsÍu i|yd wdrlaIK l%shdud¾.
iy iajdrlaIl j, m%udKj;a nj ;yjqre lsÍu
isÿfõ' fldúâ-19 jHdma;sfhka miq tla tla nexl=j,
fukau nexl= wxYfhau Kh ,nd §ï" øjYS,;d uÜgï"
m%d.aOkh iy kqnqkaj;a njg we;s n,mEï úúO wjia:d
mrdij, ;lafiare lsÍug wëlaIK n,OdÍka úiska
wd;;s mÍlaIK (Stress Testing& isÿ lrkq ,efí' ;jo"
wjYH kï blau‚ka l%shd;aul l< yels m%;sidOk
úl,am y÷kd .ekSu Wfoid w¾nqo l<ukdlrKhg
w;HjYH fuj,ï jk m%;sidOk ie,iqï ^Recovery
Plans& iudf,dapkh lr Yla;su;a lsÍug kshdulhska
úiska nexl=j,g kshu lr we;'
ixprK iSud fya;=fjka t;eka wëlaIKh iSud lr
we;s fyhska" wjYH f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu i|yd w;:H
ikaksfõok l%u ^Virtual Communication Modes&
yryd wod< nexl= j, l<ukdldß;ajh yd ks,OdÍka
iuÕ ikaksfõokh mj;ajdf.k hdug kshduk
n,OdÍka mshjr f.k ;sfí' ;jo" kshduk wdh;k
úiska zkj idudkHhZ ;=< iudc ÿria: wjYH;d
ms<sme§fï wjYH;djh ie,ls,a,g .ksñka wOHlaI
uKav,h" fcHIaG l<ukdldß;ajh iy nexl= ld¾h
uKav,h iuÕ mqoa., /iaùïj,g jvd w;:H (Virtual)
/iaùï meje;aùug fhduq ù ;sfí'
fldúâ - 19 jHdma;sh yuqfõ Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j úiska
wkq.ukh lrk ,o kshduk yd wëlaIK mshjr
kshduk l%shdud¾. .ekSu
fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh ksid ixprK iSud mej;s ld,
iSudj ;=< wys;lr f,i mSvdjg m;a jQ jHdmdßlhskag
iy mqoa.,hkag we;sjQ ÿIalr;d uÕyrjd .ekSu i|yd
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j úiska Kh iyk ld,hla ,nd
§u" iykodhS fmd,S wkqmd; hgf;a Kh myiqlï

iemhSu iy Kh wemlr fhdackd l%u hk úúO
iyk l%shdud¾. imhk ,§' Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
úiska n,m;%,dNS nexl= u.ska wd¾Ólhg Kh m%jdy
iemhSu myiq lsÍu i|yd kuHYS,S njla ,nd §ug
foaYSh jYfhka moaO;suh jeo.;alula iys; nexl=
^Domestic Systemically Important Banks& iy tfia
fkdjk nexl= wd¾Ólh hym;a ld,j,§ f.dvke.+=
m%d.aOk ixrlaIK iajdrlaIlhka my; oeóug wjir
,nd §u" wl%Sh Kh j¾.SlrKh ,sys,a lsÍug bv §u"
fldkafoais j,g hg;aj remsh,aj,ska úfoaY uqo,a Kh
whlr .ekSug wjir §u" n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska wju
m%d.aOk wjYH;d jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu 2020 w. isg 2022
wjidkh olajd l,a oeóu" jHjia:dms; øjYS, j;alï
wkqmd;h ^Statutory Liquid Assets Ratio& .Kkh
lsÍu i|yd fldkafoais j,g hg;aj we;eï j;alï
øjYS, j;alï f,i ie,lSug wjir §u jeks iqúfYaIS
kshduk l%shdud¾. l%shd;aul lrk ,È'
;jo jeäÈhqKq lrk ,o iqmÍlaIKh iy ksrka;r
jd¾;dlrKhg hg;aj" n,m;%,dNS nexl= j, øjYS,;d
wdjrK wkqmd;h iy Y=oaO ia:dhS wruqo,a wkqmd;h
i|yd jk wju w.h 2020 cqks 30 olajd ld,hla i|yd
90] olajd wvq lrk ,È' yÈis Kh iy w;a;sldrï
rduqj hgf;a ms<s.; yels wemlr iy øjYS,;d
mqfrdal:khka u; mokïj wjYH kï n,m;%,dNS
nexl=j,g øjYS,;d wjYH;djhka remsh,aj,ska ,nd
.ekSug wjir fok ,§' iqÿiq øjYS,;d uÜgula
mj;ajd .ekSu iy nexl= úiska uqo,a m%jdyhka ¥ro¾YSj
l<ukdlrKh lsÍu iy;sl lsÍu i|yd n,m;%,dNS
nexl=j, wNsu;h mßÈ isÿ lrk f.ùï ;djld,slj
iSud lrñka nexl= mk;a úOdk ksl=;a lrk ,È'
;jo" m%d.aOk úhoï oeÍfï§ úplaIKYS,Sj lghq;=
lsÍug;a" w;HjYH fkdjk úhoï oeÍfuka yels ;dla
je<lS isák f,ig;a n,m;%,dNS nexl=j,g okajk ,È'
ta wkqj" n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska fuu ,sys,a lsÍï ;u
.kqfokqlrejkag yd wd¾Ólhg iyfhda.h oelaùfï
wruq‚ka ,nd .kq we;ehs wfmalaId lrk w;r" tu.Ska
,efnk m%;s,dNj,ska" nexl= wxYfha Tfrd;a;= §fï
yelshdjo j¾Okh jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf¾'
fldúâ-19 jHdma;sfha n,mEu fya;=fjka úksuh
wkqmd;h yd uQ,H fj,|fmd,j, we;s wd;;sh ,sys,a
lsÍu i|yd wmkhk wdodhfuka wmkhk Kh myiqlï
mshjd .; yels Wmßu ld, iSudj keõ.; l< Èk isg
Èk 180 olajd §¾> lsÍu iy wod< nexl= úiska we;eï
w;HjYH fkdjk wdkhk yd úfoaY uqo,a wdfhdack
iSud lsÍug mshjr .kakd f,i oekqï foñka Y%S ,xld
uy nexl=j úiska nexl= mk;a úOdk ksl=;a lrk ,È'
mqj;am;a ksfõok ksl=;a lsÍu" fldúâ-19 iyk
l%shdud¾. ms<sn| f;dr;=re iemhSu i|yd Y%S ,xld
uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj
uy nexl= fjí wvúfha úfYaIs; fjí msgqjla msysgqùu
iy uyckhd i|yd w;:H wOHdmk iïuka;%K
^Virtual Educational Seminars& meje;aùu jeks
úúO l%shdud¾. ;=,ska fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh w;r;=r§
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j wkq.ukh lrk ,o kshduk
l%shdud¾. ms<sn|j uyckhd oekqj;a lsÍug Y%S ,xld
uy nexl=j úiska mshjr .kakd ,È' ;jo" fldúâ-19
jHdma;sh ;=,§ nexl= l%shdldrlï wdrlaIs;j yd
äðg,a udOHh Tiafia ,nd .ekSu ms<sn|j uyck;dj
oekqj;a lrk rEmuh fmdaiagrhla Y%S ,xld uy nexl=
fjí wvúfha iy iudc udOHj, m%o¾Ykh lrk ,o
w;r th n,m;%,dNs nexl= fj;o ,nd fok ,È' fuu
fmdaiagrh u.ska jxpd iïnkaOfhka iqmÍlaIdldÍ
ùugo idudkH ck;djf.a wjOdkh fhduq lrk ,È'
t;eka yd wLKav wëlaIKhg wod<j wkq.ukh l,
wëlaIK mshjr
fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh wdrïNfha uq,a wjÈfhka miq
n,m;%,dNS nexl= fj; wëlaIK .eg¿ úi£u i|yd
,nd ÿka ld, kshuhka kej; ilia lrk ,È' ta wkqj
2020 uehs 31 jk úg úi¢h hq;= wëlaIK .eg¿j,
nrm;,lu wkqj tu .eg¿ úi£u i|yd ld,h
§¾> lrk ,È' ;jo" jHjia:dms; jd¾;dlrKhka
^Statutory Returns& nexl= wëlaIK fomd¾;fïka;=jg
bÈßm;a lsÍfï ld,h i;s follska §¾> l< w;r
ld¾;=uh uQ,H m%ldYk m%ldYhg m;a lsÍu udihlska
§¾> lrk ,§'
ixprK iSud mej;s ld, iSudj ;=<" n,m;%,dNS
nexl=j, t;eka mÍlaIK ;djld,slj kj;d oud"
úoHq;a ;emEf,ka iy fjk;a úoHq;a udOHhka yryd
iqrlaIs;j ^uqrmofhka wdrlaIs;& ,nd.;a f;dr;=re
u; mokïj ÿria: mokñka n,m;%,dNS nexl=j,
mÍlaIK isÿ lrk ,È' fuu ld, iSudfõ§ nexl=
fj;ska ksrka;r f;dr;=re yd jd¾;d ,nd .ekSu ;=<ska
nexl= j, iqrlaIs; nj yd Yla;su;a nj ;yjqre lsÍu
i|yd wLKav wëlaIKh ;jÿrg;a Yla;su;a lrk ,È'
nexl= j, fmr wëlaIK wjYH;d ksjerÈ lsÍfï ;;ajh"
wNHka;r md,khka" jix.;hg m%;spdr jYfhka
nexl=j úiska .kq ,enQ l%shdud¾. j, iajNdjh" m%udKh
iy tys n,mEu ms<sn| wNHka;r we.hSï ms<sn|
úia;r iudf,dapkh lsÍu fj;o wjOdkh fhduq
lrñka we¢ß kS;sh bj;a lsÍfuka miqj t;eka mßlaIK
kej; wdrïN lrk ,È' nexl= wëlaIK ks,Odßkag
8
n,OdÍka úiska m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,o fi!LH
ud¾f.damfoaY oeä f,i ms<sme§ug;a" bÈßfm, nexl=
fiajlhska iuÕ uqyqKg uqyqK ,d isÿ lrk l%shdldrlï
iSud lsÍug;a Wmfoia fok ,§' fi!LH ud¾f.damfoaY
ms<sme§ug iy fldúâ-19 ffjrih je<£fï yelshdj
215
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
wju lsÍfï wjYH;djh ie,ls,a,g .ksñka nexl=
l<ukdldß;ajh" ú.Kljreka jeks wh iuÕ
uqyqKg uqyqK,d /iaùï mj;ajkjdg jvd w;:H
/iaùï meje;aùug o mshjr .kakd ,§'
bÈß .uk
fldúâ-19 jHdma;sfha ksid we;sjQ fufyhqï ndOl yd
wjodkï by< hdï j,g wkqj¾;kh ùug wëlaIK
yd kshduk wêldÍka fukau nexl= wxYhg isÿ úh'
ta wkqj kshduk n,Odßka úiska nexl= j, mQ¾j
wk;=re we`.ùfï rduq ^early warning frameworks&
wëlaIKh lrñka nrm;, wvqmdvq y÷kdf.k tajdg
ms<shï fh§u;a wjodkï ;lafiare lsÍu u; mokïj
ksYaÑ; nexl= i|yd wëlaIK l%shdud¾. wjYHo hkak
;SrKh lsÍu;a wjYH fõ' Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j úiska
nexl= wxYfha iqrlaIs;;dj iy Yla;su;a nj iy;sl
lsÍu i|yd n,m;%,dNS nexl=j, øjYS,;djh yd
m%d.aOk ;;a;ajh iy wd;;sh ms<sn| mQ¾j wk;=re
weÕùï wLKavj ksÍlaIKh lrkq we;' ;jo nexl=
wxYhg we;s úh yels wNsfhda.hkag uqyqK §u i|yd
w;sf¾l iqúfYaIs kshduk l%shdud¾. l%shd;aul lsÍu
ms<sn|jo Y%S ,xld uy nexl=jg wjYH kï i,ld
ne,sh yelsh' tneúka" fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh ;=<
zkj idudkHfha§Z tjeks fjkiaùï j,g blau‚ka
m%;spdr oelaùug wëlaIK kuHYS,SNdjh w;HjYH
100lska yd 50lska my; fy<Sug wjia:dj ,nd
ÿkako nexl= wxYh m%d.aOk ixrlaIK iajdrlaIl
my; fy,Sfuka f;drj fndfyda ÿrg wjYH
wkqmd;hkag wkql+<j lghq;= lf<ah'
j¾;udk wd¾Ól mßirh ;=< kj m%d.aOkh
/ia lsÍug we;s wNsfhda. ie<ls,a,g f.k fï jk
úg m%d.aOk W!K;djhla we;s nexl=j,g jeä lrk
,o wju m%d.aOk wjYH;djh imqrd,Su i|yd kshu
lrk ,o wjidk Èkh 2022 foieïn¾ ui olajd
§¾> lrk ,§' ndi,a III m%d.aOk wjYH;djhkag
wkql+, ùu i|yd jir y;rla ;=< läka lv
m%d.aOkh i|yd fhdÞ.kakd Y%S ,xld .sKqïlrK
m%ñ; wxl 9 (SLFRS 9) l%shd;aul lsÍfï
m<uq Èk n,mEu y÷kd.ekSu §¾> lsÍu u.ska
Wiia ;;a;ajfha m%d.aOkh tla/ia lsÍu i|yd
nexl= Èßu;a lrk ,§' tys m%;sM,hla f,i
8
2020 jir ;=<§ nexl= úiska kj fldgia ksl=;a
lsÍï yryd remsh,a ì,shk 10'2l m<uq ia:r
m%d.aOkhla iy remsh,a ì,shk 8'2l ixÑ;
tla/ia lr we;' jir ;=<§ nexl= wxYfha kshduk
m%d.aOkh ishhg 3'3lska j¾Okh jQ w;r thska
216
fõ' tneúka" Y%S ,xld uyd nexl=j we;=¿ wëlaIK
n,OdÍkag lD;su nqoaêh ^Artificial Intelligence&"
hdka;%sl bf.kSu ^Machine Learning&" o;a;
úYaf,aIK ^Data Analytics& yryd wëlaIK i|yd
;dlaIKh ^Sup tech& Ndú;h jeks ;dlaIKh
jeäÈhqKq lsÍug yd tys Ndú;dj jeä lsÍug wjYH
fõ' wëlaIK i|yd ;dlaIKh l%shd;aul lsÍu u.ska
fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh ;=, zkj idudkHfha§Z wëlaIK
n,OdÍkaf.a ksÍlaIK iy úYaf,aIK yelshdjka
jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu;a" jvd;a bÈß oelaula iys; wjodkï
u; mokï jQ wëlaIK m%fõYhka iy Ndú;hkag
iydh ùu i|yd ;;H ld,Sk wjodkï o¾Yl mqjre
^real time risk indicator dashboards& jeä ÈhqKq
lsÍu;a WmldÍ jkq we;'
mßYS,l
• fndß´" is iy frdaiafgdaõ t*a" uQ,H ia:dhs;d wdh;kh
^Financial Stability Institute& ixlaIsma;( fldúâ-19 jix.;hg
kshduk m%;spdr ^2020 wfma%,a &
• taldnoaO cd;Hka;r uQ,H wruqo, ^International Monetary
Fund& iy f,dal nexl= ^World Bank& ld¾h uKav,sl
igyk( "COVID-19( nexl= wxYh i|yd kshduk yd wëlaIK
weÕjqï˜ ^2020 uehs&
• fgdfrdkafgda uOHia:dkh ^Toronto Centre&" —fldúâ-19
f,dalfha wëlaIKh i|yd ud¾f.damfoaYh˜" ^2020
iema;eïn¾&
ishhg 63'2l m%;sY;hlg Þhl;ajh m<uq ia:r
m%d.aOkfhka ,eìKs'
wëlaIK yd kshduk ixj¾Okhka
2020 jir ;=<§ nexl= lafIa;%fha iqrlaIs;;dj
yd Yla;su;a nj ;jÿrg;a Yla;su;a lsÍu i|yd
wjYH úplaIKYS,S m%;sm;a;s iy kshduk l%shdud¾.
y÷kajd §u fukau" nexl= kj idudkHhhg
wkq.;ùu i|yd wjYH we;eï kshduk
iqmÍCIdldÍj ,sys,a lrñka fldúâ-19 jix.;fha
jHdma;sh yuqfõ n,mEug m;a wd¾Ól wxY i|yd
iyk ie,iSug o uy nexl=j lghq;= lrk ,§'
wd¾Ól j¾Okh i|yd rch úiska m%ldYhg
m;a lrk ,o uQ,H m%;sm;a;s Èß.ekaùï i|yd
wkqmQrl jYfhka iqÿiqlï ,nk l=vd yd uOH
mßudK jHjidhlhka i|yd Kh iyk fhdackd
l%uhla y÷kajd fok ,§' bka wk;=rej" fldúâ-19
jix.;h ksid n,mEug m;a jHdmdr yd mqoa.,hka
yg iyk iemhSu i|yd udi yhl Kh iyk
ld,hla yd remsh,a ì,shk 50l m%;suQ,H fhdackd
l%uhla uy nexl=j úiska 2020 jif¾ ud¾;= ui §
 uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj

y÷kajd fok ,o w;r" tlS iyk iemhSu i|yd
n,m;%,dNS nexl= fj; wjYH kuHYS,S;ajh ,nd
§u i|yd iy nexl= i|yd wjYH øjYS,;djh
,nd §u i|yd fldúâ-¡19 ksid n,m;%,dNS nexl=
fj; we;súh yels n,mEu ie,ls,a,g .ksñka
iqúfYaIS kshduk l%shdud¾. y÷kajd §ug o uy
nexl=j lghq;= lrk ,§' miqld,Skj fldúâ-19
jix.;fha isÿjQ j¾Okh fya;=fjka we;sjQ ixprK
iSud iy wd¾Ól lghq;= j, we;sjQ wekysàï i,ld
n,ñka" wjia:dkql+,j" ixpdrl iy u.S m%jdyk
jeks y÷kd.;a wxY i|yd 2021 jif¾§ ;jÿrg;a
iyk ,nd fok ,§'
wvq wdodhï ,nk Kh .e;shkag iykhla
jYfhka Kh ldKavj, Wmßu fmd,S wkqmd; wvq
lrk ,§' fldúâ-19 ksid yg.;a wd¾Ól ÿIalr;d
yuqfõ ish flá ld,Sk uQ,H wjYH;d imqrd,Su
i|yd rka NdKav Wlia ;enQ wvq wdÞhï,dNSkag
iykhla iemhSfï wjYH;djh i,ld n,ñka"
n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska rka NdKav Wlia w;a;sldrï
i|yd whl< yels Wmßu fmd,S wkqmd;j,g
iSud mkjk ,o w;r" fujeks wvq wdÞhï ,dNS
Kh .ekqïlrejka yg ;jÿrg;a iykhla ,nd
§u i|yd fuu fmd,S wkqmd;h we;=¿j wfkl=;a
Kh myiqlï i|yd whlrk ,nk fmd,S wkqmd;"
2020 jif¾ wf.daia;= ui § ;jÿrg;a my; ouk
,§' tfukau" m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd; my; ±óu"
fj<|fmdf<ys mj;sk w;sßla; øjYS,;dj iy
wd¾Ól lghq;= h,s h:d ;;a;ajhg m;alsÍu i|yd
Kh fmd,S wkqmd; my; ±ófï wjYH;dj i,ld
n,ñka" 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui §" rcfha iy
fm!oa.,sl wxYfha iaÓr fiajfha isák jegqma
,nk fiajlhka úiska foam< Wlia u; ,nd
.kakd ksjdi Kh i|yd whl< yels Wmßu fmd,S
wkqmd;h ishhg 7l jd¾Isl wkqmd;hlg iSud
we;s Wmßu ld,h NdKav keõ.; l< Èk
isg Èk 180la olajd §¾> lsÍu" fldúâ-19 ksid
uQ,H fj<|fmd< u; we;sjQ wksis wd;;sh iy
úksuh wkqmd; u; we;sjQ mSvkh u. yerùu
i|yd wdkhk iSudlsÍu" n,m;%,dNS jdKsc nexl=
iy cd;sl b;sß lsÍfï nexl=j úiska isÿ lrk
Y%S ,xld wka;¾cd;sl iaffjÍ ne÷ïlr wdfhdack
iSud lsÍu" nyqmd¾Yùh uQ,H ixúOdk u.ska furg
n,m;%,dNS nexl= fj; flfrk wdfhdack u.ska
nexl= lafIa;%hg ,nd .; yels m%;s,dN ie,ls,a,g
.ksñka" n,m;%,dNS nexl= j, Pkao whs;sh ysñ
m%d.aOk fldgia j, wdfhdack lsÍï i|yd
mej;s iSud ixfYdaOkh lsÍu" furg ;=<g úfoaY
úksuh m%jdy f.kajd .ekSu m%j¾Okh lsÍfï
we;s wjYH;dj ie,ls,a,g .ksñka n,m;%,dNS
nexl=j,g uQ,H jHq;amkak .kqfokq isÿlsÍug
myiqlï ,nd §u i|yd wjYH úêúOdk ixfYdaOk
y÷kajd §u we;=,;a fõ'
2020 jir ;=<§" n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska
wkq.ukh l< hq;= we;eï ud¾f.damfoaY
ixfYdaOkh lrk ,§' fldúâ-19 jHdma;sh uOHfha
n,m;%,dNS nexl= úiska .sKqïlrk mßphka
taldldÍj mj;ajd.ekSu ;yjqre lsÍu i|yd"
n,m;%,dNS nexl= j, uQ,H WmlrK i|yd jk
Y%S ,xld .sKqïlrK m%ñ; wxl 9 l%shdjg kexùu
i|yd" ksl=;a l< ud¾f.damfoaY i|yd wjYH
ixfYdaOk y÷kajd §u" n,m;%,dNS nexl= j,
kshduk wjYH;d i|yd l=vd yd uOH mßudK
8'8 ixLHd igyk
nexl= wxYfha kshduk m%d.aOk ixhq;sh
jákdlu ixhq;sh ^]&
^re' ì,shk&
whs;uh
2019 ^w& 2020 ^wd& 2019 ^w& 2020 ^wd&
m%:u ia:rh ( m%d.aOk 974.6 999.8 100.0 100.0

lrk ,o w;r tu.ska furg idudkH ck;djf.a fldgia m%d.aOkh 323.3 333.5 33.2 33.4
jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wruqo,a 61.0 62.3 6.3 6.2
ksjdi ysñlï mq¿,a lsÍug rel=,la iemhSu iy
fkdfn¥ ,dN 387.0 385.0 39.7 38.5
foaYSh bÈlsÍï l¾udka;h iy ta wdYs%; iemhqï fmdÿ yd wfkl=;a ixÑ; 239.2 247.4 24.5 24.7
oduhkag wu;r W;afm%arKhla iemhSug o wfmalaId fjk;a 10.8 30.7 1.1 3.1
kshdul .e,mSï -46.6 -59.1 -4.8 -5.8
flf¾'
fojk ia:rh ( m%d.aOk 251.0 265.6 100.0 100.0
2020 jir ;=< § wd¾Ólh uqyqK mE nyqúO m%;Hd.Kk ixÑ; 26.1 26.5 10.4 10.0

8
wNsfhda. ie,ls,a,g .ksñka" uQ,H lafIa;%fha Wmldrl Kh 173.8 167.4 69.2 63.0
fmdÿ≥fjkalÍ s ï iy fjk;a 55.6 73.1 22.2 27.5
ia:djr;ajh ;yjqre lsÍu i|yd uy nexl=j úiska
kshdul .e,mSï -4.6 -1.4 -1.8 -0.5
m%;sm;a;suh ;SrK /ila y÷kajd fok ,§' fuu iuia; kshduk m%d.aOk moku 1,225.5 1,265.4
m%;sm;a;suh ;SrK w;rg" wmkhk i|yd ,nd ÿka ^w& ixfYdaê; uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
^wd& ;djld,sl
Kh myiqlï wmkhk wdÞhï u.ska mshùug ,nd §

217
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
jHdmdr i|yd i,lkq ,nk Wmßu jd¾Isl
msßjegqï iSudj remsh,a ì,shk 1la olajd by<
±óu" n,m;%,dNS nexl= j, ksYap, foam, ;lafiare
lsÍu i|yd we;s kshduk rduqj hgf;a n,m;%,dNS
nexl= j, foam, ;lafiarelrejka i|yd we;s
iqÿiqlï ks¾Kdhl hdj;ald,Sk lsÍu isÿ lrk ,§'
fldúâ-19 jHikfha jHdma;sh yuqfõ l%shd;aul
lrk ,o iqúfYaIS kshduk l%shdud¾. we;=¿j 2020
jif¾ § n,m;%,dNS nexl= fj; ksl=;a lrk ,o
ish¿ úplaIKYS,S kshdukhka fuu jd¾:dfõ III
jeks fldgfia olajd we;'
2020 jif¾ §" uy nexl=j úiska ish wNHka;r
fY%A‚.; lsÍfï wdlD;shla jk nexl= ;sridr
fY%a‚.; lsÍfï o¾Ylh (Bank Sustainability
Rating Indicator) ys fY%A‚.; lsÍï m%;sM, u;
mokïj jvd;a Yla;su;a iy wjÞku u; mokï
jQ mÍlaIK hdka;%Khla iy mßmQ¾K kshduk
ud¾f.damfoaYk rduqjla l%shdjg kxjk ,§'
tfukau" nexl=lrK iuQy jHdmdr jHQyhka ;=<
mj;sk wfkl=;a jHdmdrhka u.ska yg.kakd
hï wjÞkï ;;a;ajhka n,m;%,dNS nexl= fj;
me;srhEug we;s yelshdj je,elaùug we;s
wjYH;dj i,ld n,ñka" uy nexl=j úiska nexl=
iuQy jHdmdr i|yd tlS iuQyh u wdjrKh jk
mßÈ wjÞku u; mokï jQ taldnoaO wëlaIKhka
(Group-wide Consolidated Risk-based Supervision
- GCRS) meje;aùu i|yd l%shdmámdáhla ieliSu
i|yd wjYH lghq;= iïmdokh lrk ,o w;r"
fuu GCRS l%shdmámdáh kj nexl= mk; i|yd o
flgqïm;a flfrkq we;'
;jo" nexl= iy ksrdlrK ;;a;ajfha mj;sk
iy YlH;djhla we;s nexl= fkdjk uQ,H wdh;k
j, wl%Sh j;alï ñ,hg .ekSu iy l<ukdlrKh
i|yd fjkajQ j;alï l<ukdlrK iud.ula
msysgqùu i|yd ixl,am m;%sldjla ilia lsÍug
uy nexl=j lghq;= lf<ah' fuu j;alï
l<ukdlrK iud.u msysgqùu u.ska nexl= iy
nexl= fkdjk uQ,H wdh;khkays wl%Sh Kh
w;a;sldrï wvq lrñka fYaI m;% m%;sjHQy.; lsÍu
8
isÿlrk w;r tu l%shdud¾. ;=,ska ckkh jk
øjYS,;djh jvd;a M,ÞhS wd¾Ól wxYj,g Kh
,nd§u i|yd fhdod .ekSug bv ie,iSu uQ,H
moaO;sfha ia:dhS;dj iúu;a lsÍug WmldÍ jkq
we;'
218
8'3 nexl= fkdjk uQ,H wdh;kj, ld¾hidOkh
n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs;
l,anÿ≥uQ,HlrK iud.ï wxYh
iDKd;aul Kh j¾Okh yd wl%Sh Kh
by< hEu iuÕska n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï
iy úfYaIs; l,anÿ uQ,HlrK iud.ï wxYfha
ld¾hidOkh jir ;=< § miqnEug ,la úh'
fldúâ-19 jix.;h ksid j¾Okhg we;sjQ
ndOlj,g wu;rj fuu wxYfha olakg ,enQ .eg¨
fya;=fjka mdßfNda.sl úYajdih wvqùuo fuu
ukao.dó;ajhg fya;= úh' flfia jqj o" we;eï
iud.ï wdh;ksl jYfhka wju kshduk wjYH;d
imqrd,Sug jEhï lrñka isáho" iuia;hla jYfhka
.;al< fuu wxYh wju kshduk wjYH;djhkag
jvd by< m%d.aOk yd øjYS,;d uÜgula mj;ajd
.ksñka ia:djrj mej;=Ks' 2020 jir wjidkh
jk úg fuu wxYfha iuia; j;alï m%udKh
remsh,a ì,shk 1"401'6la jQ w;r th Y%S ,xldfõ
uQ,H moaO;sfha uq¿ j;alï j,ska ishhg 5'9la
ksfhdackh lrk ,§' fuu wxYfha wruqo,a jHQyh
m%Odk f,i ;ekam;= u; mokï jQ w;r miq.sh
jirg idfmalaIj Kh .ekSïj, my; jeàula
jd¾;d úh' fldúâ-19 jix.;h fya;=fjka we;sjQ
wNsfhda.hkag uqyqK §u i|yd fuu wxYhg iydh
ùug kuHYS,S jQ kshduk iyk ,ndfoñka fuu
wxYfha ia:dhS;djh mj;ajd .ekSug Y%S ,xld uy
nexl=j úiska wLKavj úplaIKYS,S l%shdud¾.
y÷kajd fok ,§'
jHdmdr j¾Okh
jHdma;sh ( 2020 jir wjidkfha § fuu wxYh
n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï 40lska1 iy úfYaIs;
l,anÿ uQ,HlrK iud.ï 3lska iukaú; úh' 2020
jir wjika jk úg n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy
úfYaIs; l,anÿ uQ,HlrK iud.ï wxYfha YdLd
1"517 iy fjk;a fiajd imhk ia:dk 460la mej;s
w;r bka YdLd 1"001la ^ishhg 66'0& niakdysr
m<df;ka msg; msysgd ;sì‚'
j;alï( 2019 jif¾ jd¾;d l< ishhg 0'1l
j¾Okhg idfmalaIj ishhg 2'2l ^remsh,a ì,shk
31'0l& iDK j¾Okhla jd¾;d lrñka Y=oaO j;alï
wvq jQ w;r" jir ;=< § th remsh,a ì,shk 1"401'6la
lrd ,Õd úh' Kh iy w;a;sldrï iuia;
1 uqo,a uKav,h úiska 2020'07'13 Èk jHdmdr lghq;= w;aysg jQ iud.ï fol o
we;=¿j
 uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj

8'9 ixLHd igyk 8'9 rEm igyk

n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs; l,anÿ n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs; l,anÿ uQ,HlrK
uQ,HlrK iud.ïj, YdLd jHdma;sh - m<d;a wkqj iud.ï wxYfha fiajdjka wkqj imhk ,o
iuia; Kh iy w;a;sldrï ^o<&
2019 2020 jir
m<d;
wjidkhg wjidkhg ^w& ;=< fjki
622
uQ,H l,anÿ 632
uOHu 160 166 6
kef.kysr 117 119 2 l=,Smsg .ekqï 12
15
W;=re ueo 99 107 8
iq/l=ï Kh iy 419
jhU 156 165 9 w;a;sldrï 443
W;=r 89 96 7 71
Wlia Kh
inr.uqj 113 116 3 59

ol=K 151 162 11 fjk;a 13

20
W!j 67 70 3
foam< u; Kh§ï 2
niakdysr 480 516 36 3
tl;=j 1,432 1,517 85 ;ekam;= 20
u; Kh §ï 23
^w& ;djld,sl uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
remsh,a ì,shk
j;alïj,ska ishhg 74'2la úh' iuia; Kh yd
2020 2019
w;a;sldrïj,ska m%Odk fldgila" tkï ishhg
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
53'7la" uQ,H l,anÿ ksfhdackh l< w;r" fjk;a
wemlr u; jQ Kh ishhg 36'2la ksfhdackh
by< hEu yd tall Ndr" Kh iq/l=ïm;a iy udi
lrñka fofjks jeäu fldgi f,i jd¾;d úh'
12lg wvq ld,hlska l,a msfrk rcfha iq/l=ïm;a
fldúâ-19 jix.;h fya;=fjka rg jid ;eîï
^,shqulska fyda ne|Sulska ksoyia& j, wdfhdack
uOHfha jir ;=< jHdmdr lghq;= my; jeàu yd
by< hEu fuu j¾Okhg m%Odk jYfhka fya;=
jdyk wdkhk iSud lsÍu ksid fuu wxYfha Kh
úh' fjk;a j;alï" m%Odk jYfhka uqo,a" nexl=
§u ie<lsh hq;= f,i ukao.dó úh' 2019 jif¾ §
yd uQ,H wdh;kj, mj;ajdf.k hkq ,nk uqo,a
jd¾;d jQ ishhg 3'0l iDKd;aul j¾Okhg
fYaIhka yd ia:djr j;alï hkdÈfhka iukaú;
idfmalaIj n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs;
jQ w;r tu j;alï 2020 jir ;=<§ ishhg 2'6lska
l,anÿ uQ,HlrK iud.ï úiska m%Þkh lrkq ,enQ
j¾Okh úh'
Kh myiqlï remsh,a ì,shk 1"039'9la olajd ishhg
5'7lska ^remsh,a ì,shk 62'9& ;jÿrg;a my; jegq‚' j.lSï( n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs;
wdfhdack l<U 2019 jif¾ § jd¾;d l< l,anÿ uQ,HlrK iud.ï wxYfha j.lSïj,ska
ishhg 20'5l j¾Okhg idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾ § m%Odk fldgi ;jÿrg;a .kqfokqlrejkaf.a
remsh,a ì,shk 158'8la olajd ishhg 20'2l ;ekam;= u.ska ksfhdackh lrk w;r th iuia;
j¾Okhla jd¾;d l< w;r iud.ï fldgia ñ," j.lSï j,ska ishhg 53'4la úh' 2020 jir ;=< §
8'10 ixLHd igyk
n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs; l,anÿ uQ,HlrK iud.ï wxYfha j;alï iy j.lSï ixhq;sh
2019 2020 ^w& fjki ^]&
whs;uh remsh,a m%;sY;hla remsh,a m%;sY;hla
2019 2020 ^w&
ì,shk f,i ì,shk f,i
j;alï
Kh iy w;a;sldrï ^Y=oO
a & 1,102.7 77.0 1,039.9 74.2 -3.0 -5.7
wdfhdack 132.2 9.2 158.8 11.3 20.5 20.2
fjk;a 197.8 13.8 202.9 14.5 7.1 2.6

j.lSï

8
iuia; ;ekam;= 756.7 52.8 748.6 53.4 5.6 -1.1
iuia; Kh .ekSï 405.6 28.3 328.0 23.4 -12.6 -19.1
m%d.aOk uQ,sldx. 203.2 14.2 248.0 17.7 10.6 22.1
fjk;a 67.2 4.7 77.0 5.5 0.3 14.6
iuia; j;alï$j.lSï 1,432.7 100.0 1,401.6 100.0 0.1 -2.2
^w& ;djld,sl uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j

219
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8'11 ixLHd igyk
n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï wxYfha ;ekam;=j, ixhq;sh
jákdlu
^re' ì,shk&
whs;uh
2019
ia:djr ;ekam;= 722.2
b;=reï ;ekam;= 33.5
;ekam;= iy;slm;a 0.9
uqΩ¿ ;ekam;= 756.7
^w& ;djld,sl
;ekam;= ishhg 1'1lska ^remsh,a ì,shk 8'1& remsh,a
ì,shk 748'6la olajd my; jegqKq w;r Kh .ekSï
ishhg 19'1lska ^remsh,a ì,shk 77'6& remsh,a ì,shk
328'0la olajd úYd, jYfhka my; jegq‚'
iïm;a
,dNÞhS;ajh( 2019 jirg idfmalaIj 2020
jif¾ § fuu wxYfha Y=oaO fmd,S wdÞhu remsh,a
ì,shk 111'2la olajd ishhg 5'3lska ^remsh,a
ì,shk 6'2& my; jeá‚' fldúâ-19 jix.;h
fya;=fjka wd¾Ól lghq;=j, isÿ jQ my; jeàu
fya;=fjka fmd,S wdÞhfï iy fmd,S úhofï isÿ jQ
wvqùu fï i|yd fya;=úh' miq.sh jirg idfmalaIj
fuu jif¾ § fmd,S wdÞhu ishhg 12'0lska ^remsh,a
ì,shk 31'3& my; jegqKq w;r fmd,S úhou ishhg
17'6lska ^remsh,a ì,shk 25'0& my; jeá‚' Y=oaO
fmd,S wdÞhfï wvqùu iy o< idudkH j;alïj,
wdka;sl j¾Okfhys iduQysl n,mEu fya;=fjka
fuu wxYfhys Y=oaO fmd,S wdka;slh ^Y=oaO fmd,S
wdÞhu idudkH j;alïj, m%;sY;hla f,i& 2019
jif¾ jd¾;d jQ ishhg 7'7 isg 2020 jif¾ § 7'3la
olajd my; jeá‚'
ixhq;sh ] 2020 jif¾ § fmd,S fkdjk wdÞhu ishhg
2020 ^w& 2019 2020 ^w&
18'7lska ^remsh,a ì,shk 7'4& wvqùu iy fmd,S
710.5 95.4 94.9
37.3 4.4 5.0
fkdjk úhou ishhg 16'4lska ^remsh,a ì,hk
0.8 0.1 0.1 15'4& my; jeàu fuu wxYfha ,dNÞhS;ajhg
748.6 100.0 100.0
n,mEula we;s flß‚' mßmd,k úhoï my; jeàu
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
^remsh,a ì,shk 6'0&" w.h lsÍfï w,dN$kej;
w;am;alr.;a NdKav wf,úh ^remsh,a ì,shk
1'9&" ld¾huKav, úhoï ^remsh,a ì,hk 3'3& iy
wfkl=;a úhoï ^remsh,a ì,shk 2'2& my<hEu
fmd,S fkdjk úhofï my; jeàug m%Odk
jYfhka fya;= úh' fuu jif¾ wl%Sh Kh i|yd
jk Kh w,dN fjka lsÍï m%udKh 2019 jirg
idfmalaIj remsh,a ì,shk 38'2la olajd ishhg
26'4lska ^remsh,a ì,shk 8'0& j¾Okh úh' fuu
wxYfha nÿ miq ,dNh remsh,a ì,shk 13'7la jQ
w;r 2019 jif¾ jd¾;d jQ ,dNhg idfmalaIj th
ishhg 6'1lska my; jeàula jk w;r fmd,S wdÞhu
ie,lsh hq;= f,i my; jeàu fï i|yd m%Odk
jYfhka fya;= úh'
m%d.aOkh( fuu jir ;=< iuia;hla
f,i wju m%d.aOk wjYH;d uÜgug by<ska
m%d.aOkh mj;ajd f.k hEu;a iuÕ iuia;hla
f,i fuu wxYh ;jÿrg;a ia:djrj mej;=‚'
kshduk wjYH;d imqrd,Su i|yd n,m;%,dNS
uqo,a iud.ï úiska m%d.aOkh iemhSu iy úYd,
iDKd;aul Y=oaO jákdlula iys; n,m;%,dNS uqo,a

8'10 rEm igyk 8'12 ixLHd igyk

n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs; l,anÿ uQ,HlrK n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs;
l,anÿ uQ,HlrK iud.ï wxYfha
iud.ï wxYfha ,dNÞhs;aj o¾Yl wdodhï iy úhoï ixhq;sh

25
2019 2020 ^w&
23.1
idudkH idudkH
20 whs;uh jákdlu j;alïj, jákdlu j;alïj,
16.1 ^re' ì,shk& m%;sY;hla ^re' ì,shk& m%;sY;hla
ishhg

15 f,i f,i
12.1
fmd,S wdodhu 259.8 17.0 228.5 15.0
10 7.5
7.9 7.7 7.4 fmd,S úhou 142.4 9.3 117.4 7.7
7.7 6.1 7.3 Y=oO
a fmd,S wdodhu 117.4 7.7 111.2 7.3
5
fmd,S fkdjk wdodhu 39.4 2.6 32.0 2.1
4.0

8
3.2 2.7 2.2 1.7 fmd,S fkdjk úhou 93.8 6.1 78.4 5.2
-
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 wl%hS Kh i|yd fjka
lsÍï ^Y=oO
a & 30.2 2.0 38.2 2.5
Y=oaO fmd,S j;alï u; ysñlï u; nÿ fmr ,dNh 32.8 2.2 26.6 1.7
wdka;slh m%;s,dNh m%;s,dNh
nÿ miq ,dNh 14.5 1.0 13.7 0.9
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
^w& ;djld,sl

220
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iud.ul n,m;%h wj,x.= lsÍu;a iuÕ 2019 jif¾ n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs; l,anÿ
foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk úg jd¾;d jQ remsh,a uQ,HlrK iud.ï wxYfha wjÞkï
ì,shk 182'0 yd ii|k úg 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ Kh wjÞku( 2019 jif¾ foieïn¾
ui wjidkh jk úg remsh,a ì,shk 218'9la olajd ui wjidkh jk úg jd¾;d jQ ishhg 0'9l
m%d.aOk moku j¾Okh úh' fldúâ-¡19 jix.;h ^remsh,a ì,shk 10'3& iDK j¾Okhg idfmalaIj
fya;=fjka we;s jQ wd¾Ól n,mEu ie,ls,a,g 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk úg iuia;
.ksñka n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ïj,g wju uQ,sl o< Kh iy w;a;sldrï ishhg 3'0lska ^remsh,a
m%d.aOk wjYH;djhkag wkql+, ùu isÿ úh ì,shk 35'9& wvq úh' o< wl%Sh Kh wkqmd;h" 2019
hq;= ld,hg udi 12l §¾> lsÍula ,nd fok jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk úg jd¾;d jQ
,§' ta wkqj 2022 ckjdß 01 Èk jk úg ishhg 10'6g idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾
imqrd,sh hq;= kj b,lalh remsh,a ì,shk ui wjidkh jk úg ishhg 13'9la olajd by<
2'5ls' fuu wxYfha uQ,sl m%d.aOk m%udKd;aul;d f.dia we;s w;r tu.ska fuu wxYfha j;alïj,
.=Kd;aulNdjfha ie,lsh hq;= msßySula fmkakqï
wkqmd;h iy iuia; wjÞku u; nr ;enQ m%d.aOk
lf<ah' 2019 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk úg
m%udKd;aul wkqmd; 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui
Y=oaO wl%Sh Kh wkqmd;h ishhg 3'4la f,i jd¾;d
wjidkfha § ms<sfj,ska ishhg 14'5 iy 15'7 hk
jQ w;r 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk
w.hkays meje;s w;r tajd 2019 jif¾ foieïn¾ úg th ishhg 4'2la olajd by< .sfhah' fldúâ-19
ui wjidkfha § ishhg 11'1 iy 12'5 hk w.hkays jix.;h fya;=fjka wd¾Ól lghq;= ukao.dó
mej;s‚' ùu fuhg m%Odku fya;=j úh' 2020 jif¾ cQks
;jÿrg;a" n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï lsysmhl ui wjidkh jk úg ishhg 14'1la f,i jd¾;d
jQ o< wl%Sh Kh wkqmd;h 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾
wju uQ,sl m%d.aOk wjYH;djh iy$fyda wju
ui wjidkh jk úg iq¿ wvqùula fmkakqï
m%d.aOk m%udKd;aul;d wkqmd;hka we;=<;aj"
lf<a h' Kh iyk fhdackd l%u iy wfkl=;a
kshuhkag wkql+, fkdùï ksrdlrKh i|yd uQ,H
iyk fya;=fjka fuu wxYfha Y=oaO wl%Sh Kh
wxYh taldnoaO lsÍfï m%Odk ie,eiau (Financial W!k ;lafiareùula isÿ úh yels w;r Kh iyk
Sector Consolidation Master Plan) y÷kajd fok ,§' fhdackd l%u wjika jQ miq wÞ< ixLHdf,aLk
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j úiska uQ,H ;;a;ajh ;jÿrg;a jd¾;d ùfuka miq Y=oaO wl%Sh Kh uÜgu ie,lsh
msßySu j,lajd .ekSu" tu wdh;kj, ia:dhS;djh hq;= f,i by< hEug bv we;' fjka lsÍï wdjrK
mj;ajd .ekSu iy ;ekam;=lrejkaf.a wruqo,a wkqmd;h 2019 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkfha §
iqrlaIs; lsÍu i|yd uQ,H wxY taldnoaO lsÍfï jd¾;d l< ishhg 56'6g idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾
m%Odk ie,eiau y÷kajd §ug wu;rj kshduk foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk úg ishhg 58'9la
l%shdud¾. lsysmhlao y÷kajd fok ,§' olajd iq¿ j¾Okhla fmkakqï lrk ,§'
8'11 rEm igyk
n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs; l,anÿ uQ,HlrK iud.ï wxYfha
wlS%h Kh myiqlï iy fjkalsÍï wdjrKhka

180 16 100 68
13.9 65.7
160 14 90 66
80 64.0
140 10.6 12 64
70
remsh,a ì,shk

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120 62
10 60
ishhg

ishhg

100 58.9 60
7.7 8 50
80 40 57.0 56.6 58
5.3 5.9
6 56
60 4.2 30
3.4 4 20 54
40 2.4
1.6 10 52
20 1.2 2 34.8 42.2 53.0 72.2 94.9
53.0 65.9 93.0 127.6 161.1 0 50
0 0

8
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

o< wlS%h Kh o< wlS%h Kh Y=oaO wlS%h Kh uqΩ¿ fjkalsÍï uqΩ¿ fjkalsÍï wdjrK
wkqmd;h wkqmd;h wkqmd;h ^ol=Kq wlaIh&
^ol=Kq wlaIh& ^ol=Kq wlaIh&
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j

221
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8'12 rEm igyk fldgia wjÞku( fuu wxYfha iuia;

n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs; l,anÿ uQ,HlrK
iud.ï wxYfha wjodku u; nr ;enQ j;alï iy m%d.aOk
j;alïj,ska ,ehsia;=.; fldgiaj, wdfhdack
m%udKd;aul;d wkqmd;h ishhg 1'0 l wju uÜgul mej;Su ksid fldgia
fj<|fmd< fj; ksrdjrKh ùu b;d my<
2,000 18 uÜgul mej;s neúka jir ;=< fldgia fj<|fmd<
15.7
16
13.1 12.5 14.5 14 yd iïnkaO wjÞku wju uÜgul mej;s‚'
remsh,a ì,shk

1,500 11.7 11.1 12

ishhg
11.3 12.4 10
1,000 9.8
11.1 øjYS,;d wjÞku( 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui
8
6 wjidkh jk úg fuu wxYfha øjYS, j;alï
500 4
2
m%udKh wju kshduk uÜgug jvd by< w.hl
992.9 1,106.6 1,440.5 1,455.1 1,398.2
0 0 mj;ajd .ekSug yels úh' fuu wxYfha mej;s
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
iuia; øjYS,;d j;alïj, wju wjYH;djh jk
wjodku u; nr uq,sl m%d.aOk m%udKd;aul;d
;enQ j;alï wkqmd;h ^ol=Kq wlaIh& remsh,a ì,shk 50'7g jvd remsh,a ì,shk 89'0l
iuia; wjodku u; nr ;enQ m%d.aOk m%udKd;aul;d
w;sßla;hla jd¾;d lrk ,§' uy nexl=j u.ska
wkqmd;h ^wju wjYH;dj 10]& ^ol=Kq wlaIh& øjYS,;d j;alïj, wju wjYH;djh ,sys,a lsÍu
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j u.ska kshduk iyk ,nd§u øjYS,;d w;sßla;fha
j¾Okhg fya;=úh' øjYS,;d wkqmd;h ^;ekam;=
fj<|fmd< wjÞku( fuu wxYfha fj<|fmd< yd Kh .ekSïj,g tÈßj øjYS,;d j;alï
wjÞku my< uÜgul mej;s w;r fj<|fmd< olajk wkqmd;h& 2019 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui
wjÞku fmd,S wkqmd; wjÞkfuka iy fldgia wjidkfha § jd¾;d l< ishhg 11'3g idfmalaIj
wjÞkfuka (Equity Risk) iukaú; fõ' 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkfha § ishhg
fmd,S wkqmd; wjÞku( 2020 wfm%a,a isg 13'0la olajd j¾Okh úh'
n,meje;afjk mßÈ ;ekam;= i|yd f.úh hq;=
Wmßu fmd,S wkqmd; wvq lsÍfï m%;sM,hla f,i rdcH iq/l=ïm;aj, m%d:ñl wf,úldr iud.ï
w¿;ska m%Þkh lrkq ,nk Kh w;a;sldrïys 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg n,m;%,dNS
Kh fmd,S wkqmd; wvq fõ hehs wfmalaId flf¾' jd‚c nexl= 6la iy m%d:ñl wf,úldr iud.ï 7la
ta wkqj" fuu wxYfha fmd,S iys; j;alï yd m%d:ñl wf,úlrejka f,i m;alr ;sì‚' hqkshka
j.lSïj, l,amsÍfï iDK mr;rh wLKavj mej;Su nEkala T*a l,ïnQ mSt,aiS" m%d:ñl wf,úlrejl=
fya;=fjka fmd,S wkqmd; wjÞku my< f.dia we;' jYfhka ish fufyhqï lghq;= 2020 jif¾ uehs
01 Èk isg w;aysgqjk ,§' keÜfj,a;a filshqßàia
8'13 rEm igyk ,sñgâ iud.ug m%d:ñl wf,úlrejl= jYfhka
n,m;%,dNS uqo,a iud.ï iy úfYaIs; l,anÿ uQ,HlrK lghq;= lsÍug ,nd § ;snQ m;aùu 2020 jif¾
iud.ï wxYfha jHjia:dms; øjYS, j;alï
fkdjeïn¾ 30 Èk isg bj;a flß‚' mEka taIshd
nEkalska fldamf¾Ika mSt,aiS ys" m%d:ñl wf,úldr
160 14
13.0
140
11.7 11.3
jHdmdr iy l%shdldrlï 2017 wf.daia;= 15 jk
12
120 9.3 9.6 Èk isg ;djld,slj w;aysgqjd we;' m¾fmpqj,a
10
remsh,a ì,shk

100
fg%IÍia iud.fï m%d:ñl wf,úldr jHdmdr
ishhg

8
80
iy l%shdldrlï 2017 cQ,s 6 Èk isg ;djld,slj
6 w;aysgqjd we;' tfiau" 2017 cQ,s 24 Èk isg
60
126.5 4 tkag%iaÜ filshqßàia mSt,aiS wdh;kh i|yd rcfha
40 91.0 113.5 131.4
74.7 88.2
20 90.2 89.8 139.7 2 iq/l=ïm;a i|yd jk m%d:ñl fjkafoais i|yd
50.7

8
- 0 iyNd.Sùu w;aysgqjd we;' ta wkqj n,m;%,dNS
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
jd‚c nexl= 5la iy m%d:ñl wf,úldr iud.ï
kshduk øjYS, j;alï ndysr wruqo,aj,g kshduk
^mj;sk& øjYS, j;alï ^ol=Kq wlaIh& 5la ±kg rcfha iq/l=ïm;a fjf<|fmd< i|yd jk
kshduk øjYS, j;alï
^wjYH&
m%d:ñl wf,úlrejka jYfhka l%shdldÍj iyNd.S
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j fõ'

222

j;alï iy j.lSï( m%d:ñl wf,úldr iud.ï
j, iuia; j;alï m%udKh 2020 jir wjidkh
jk úg ishhg 12'4l j¾Okhla fmkakqï lrñka
remsh,a ì,shk 87'2la olajd jeä úh' fj<| l<U"
wf,úh i|yd mj;sk l<U iy l,amsÍu f;la
r|jd.kakd l<U hkdÈfhka iukaú; rcfha
iq/l=ïm;ays iuia; wdfhdack l<U 2020 jir
wjidkh jk úg remsh,a ì,shk 80'1la olajd
ishhg 15'5 lska by< .sfhah' 2019 jir wjidkfha§
remsh,a ì,shk 57'5laj mej;s fj<| l<U" 2020
jir wjidkh jk úg remsh,a ì,shk 62'6la olajd
j¾Okh jQ w;r 2019 jir wjidkfha remsh,a
ì,shk 8'6laj mej;s l,amsÍu f;la r|jd.kakd
l<U 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg remsh,a ì,shk
14'7la olajd j¾Okh úh' 2019 jir wjidkfha §
remsh,a ì,shk 3'3la jQ wf,úh i|yd mej;s l<U
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg remsh,a ì,shk 2'8
olajd wvq úh'
,dNÞhS;ajh( M,Þ wkqmd;j, my<hEu
fya;=fldg f.k" by< ,dNÞhS;aj j¾Okhla
fmkakqï lrñka" 2020 jif¾ § m%d:ñl wf,úldr
iud.ï jd¾;d l< nÿ miq ,dNh 2019 jif¾ jd¾;d
jQ remsh,a ì,shk 3'8 g idfmalaIj remsh,a ì,shk
4'9la olajd j¾Okh úh' 2020 jif¾ § jd¾;d.;
m%d.aOk ,dNh 2019 jirg idfmalaIj ie,lsh hq;=
j¾Okhla fmkakqï l< w;r" tu j¾Okh" 2020
jif¾ m%d:ñl wf,úldr iud.ï úiska jd¾;d
lrk ,o m%;Hd.Kk w,dNh wNsnjñka" m%d:ñl
wf,úldr iud.ïj, ,dNÞhS;d j¾Okh i|yd
úYd, jYfhka Þhl úh' ta wkqj" m%d:ñl wf,úldr
iud.ïj, j;alï u; m%;s,dN wkqmd;slh iy
ysñlï u; m%;s,dN wkqmd;slh ms<sfj,ska 2019
jir wjidkh jk úg mej;s ishhg 6'00 iy
ishhg 28'5 l isg 2020 jir wjidkh jkúg
ishhg 7'6 iy ishhg 30'5la olajd by< .sfhah'
m%d.aOkh( m%d:ñl wf,úldr iud.ïj,
m%d.aOkh ishhg 11'2 lska ie,lsh hq;= f,i by<
.sh w;r ta i|yd jir ;=< jd¾;d jQ iuqÉÑ; ,dN
fya;= úh' m%d:ñl wf,úldr iud.ïj, wjÞkï
u; nr ;nk ,o m%d.aOk wjYH;d wkqmd;slh
2019 jir wjidkfha § jd¾;d jQ ishhg 27'6 l
isg 2020 jir ;=< § ishhg 27'0la olajd wdka;sl
wvq ùula fmkakqï l< o ish¨ m%d:ñl wf,úldr
iud.ïj, tu wkqmd;slh tys wju wjYH;djh
jk ishhg 10 g jvd jeä w.hl mej;=‚'
uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj
m%d:ñl wf,úldr wxYfha wjÞkï
fjf<|fmd< wjÞku( m%d:ñl wf,úldr
iud.ï j, fjf<|fmd< wjÞku iq¿ jYfhka
my< hEula fmkakqï lrñka fj<| l<U" iuia;
wdfhdack l<fUys wkqmd;slhla f,i 2019 jir
wjidkfha mej;s ishhg 82'9l isg 2020 jir
wjika jk úg ishhg 78'2la olajd my< .sfhah'
øjYS,;d wjÞku( 2020 jir wjidkh jk
úg" m%d:ñl wf,úldr iud.ïj, Èkla we;=,;
l,a msfrk j;alï yd j.lSïj, iDKd;aul
fkd.e,mSu by< hEu fya;=fjka" m%d:ñl wf,úldr
iud.ïj, iuia; øjYS, wjÞkï i|yd ksrdjrKh
jeä ùug fya;= úh' 2019 jir wjidkh jk úg
remsh,a ì,shk 11'0 ^tla Èkla i|yd jk j.lSï
j,ska ishhg 72'1la& f,i mej;s Èkla we;=<;
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whs;uh 2016 2017 2018
wruqof,a iuia; jákdlu 1,841.5 2,066.3 2,289.4 2,540.4 2,824.3
^re' ì,shk&
idudðlhka i|yd jQ uq¿
j.lSu ^re' ì,shk& 1,810.6 2,020.8 2,254.2 2,497.6 2,767.8
uq¿ Þhl uqo,a ,eîï
118.3 133.3 145.0
^re' ì,shk&
uq¿ m%;,
s dN f.ùï
2020 jif¾ § ishhg 0'58la f,i mj;ajd f.k
hEug yelsúh' ;jo" wruqof,a wdÞhï nÿ úhou
2019 jir yd iei|Sfï§ remsh,a ì,shk 4'1lska jeä
úh' flfia fj;;a" uQ,H WmlrK j¾.SlrKh yd
ñkqïlrKh i|yd wÞ< jk Y%S ,xld .sKqïlrK
m%ñ;s wxl 09g wkqj ,ehsia;=.; jHdmdr fldgia"
idOdrK fjf<|fmd< jákdlug .Kkh lsÍu iy
j¾;udk fjf<|fmd< ;;a;ajh fya;=fjka remsh,a
ì,shk 5'0l wdÞhula 2020 jif¾ § jd¾;d úh' ta
wkqj" ,dN iu;=,s;;d ixÑ;hg remsh,a ì,shk
13'0la udre lsÍfuka wk;=rej" 2020 jif¾ §
idudðl fYaIhka u; ishhg 9'0l muK fmd,S
wkqmd;hla m%ldYhg m;alsÍug fiajl w¾:idOl
wruqo,g yelsúh'
wjodkï l<ukdlrKh( fldúâ-19 jix.;
;;a;ajh hgf;a jqj o" wNHka;r md,k mßirh
iqÿiq mßÈ mj;ajd f.k hk w;ru" mj;sk wjÞkï
l<ukdlrK rduqjg wkql+,j wdfhdack lghq;=
isÿ lrk ,§' ta wkqj" wruqof,ys wdrlaIdj iy
m%Yia; m%;s,dN iy;sl lrñka wdfhdack lghq;=
jir mqrd wLKavj mj;ajdf.k hkq ,eîh' ;jo"
tjeks lghq;=j, j.ùu iy úksúoNdjh mj;ajd
.ekSu i|yd uy nexl=fõ wÞ< wëlaIK lñgq yryd
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wjÞkï uqo,a uKav,hg jd¾;d
lsÍfï úêu;a l%shdj,sh jir mqrd wLKavj isÿ
flß‚' flfia jqjo" fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;j,
;shqKq wvqùu;a" fldgia fj<|fmdf<ys wkfmalaIs;
WÉpdjpkhka iy wdfhdack md¾Yjlrejkaf.a
wjÞkï fY%a‚.; lsÍïj, fjkia ùï fya;=fjka
jir ;=< wdfhdack mßirfha isÿ jQ úYd,
fjkialï" ±kg mj;sk wjÞkï mrdñ;Ska
hdj;ald,Sk lsÍfï wjYH;djhg fya;= úh' ta
wkqj" fj<|fmd< ;;a;ajhka ie,ls,a,g .ksñka
wdfhdack ;SrK .ekSu i|yd jHdmdßl tallj,g
2019 2020^w&
ms<s.; yels wjia:djka ,nd§u i|yd mj;akd
wdfhdack ud¾f.damfoaY kej; i,ld ne,Sug yd
ixfYdaOkh lsÍug lghq;= flrñka mj;S'
157.2 150.7
fiajd kshqla;shkaf.a Ndr wruqo,

8
^re' ì,shk& 108.4 117.5 108.0 126.3 109.7
úY%du wruqo,a wxYfha j;alï mokfuka ishhg
Y=oO
a odhl uqo,a ,eîï 10'5 l Þhl;ajhla olajk fiajd kshqla;hkaf.a Ndr
^re' ì,shk& 9.9 15.8 37.0 30.9 41.0 wruqo, ish j;alï moku" idudðl ixLHdj iy
fmd<s wkqmd;h ^]& 10.50 10.50 9.50 9.25 9.00 iuia; Þhl;ajh wkqj j¾Okhla jd¾;d lf<ah'
^w& ;djld,sl uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j fiajd kshqla;hkaf.a Ndr wruqo, i;=j idudðl

227
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

8'15 ixLHd igyk l< ishhg 16'7g idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾ § ishhg
fiajl w¾:idOl wruqof,a iy fiajd kshqla;hkaf.a
Ndr wruqof,a l%shdldß;ajh 13'6la olajd my; jegq‚' flfia kuq;a" iud.ï
fldgia j, isÿ l< wdfhdack 2019 jif¾ § jd¾;d
fiajl fiajd
w¾:idOl kshqla;hkaf.a jQ ishhg 3'2 isg 2020 jif¾ § ishhg 3'3la olajd
whs;uh Ndr wruqo,
wruqo,
iq¿ jYfhka j¾Okh úh' idudðl fYaIhka u;
2019 ^w& 2020 ^wd& 2019 ^w& 2020 ^wd&
iuia; j;alï ^re' ì,shk& 2,540.4 2,824.3 343.3 380.4 ishhg 8'0l M,Þ wkqmd;hla mj;ajd .ekSug
iuia; fkdmshjQ idud‚l .sKï q wruqo, iu;aúh'
fYaIh ^re' ì,shk& 2,497.6 2,767.8 339.2 347.6
idudðl .sKï q ixLHdj ^ñ,shk& 19.4 19.4 15.3 15.9
lsh
% dldÍ idudðl .sKï q ixLHdj ^ñ,shk& 2.9 2.0 2.6 2.5 wfkl=;a úY%du wruqo,a
odhljkakd jQ fiajd fhdað;hka ixLHdj 94,171 70,552 82,375 75,756
iuia; odhl;ajh ^re' ì,shk& 157.2 150.7 27.5 27.0
úY%du wruqo,a wxYhg ishhg 1'9l Þhl;ajhla
iuia; m%;f s .jqï ^re' ì,shk& 126.3 109.7 19.8 18.6 olajk rdcH fiajd w¾:idOl wruqo, idudðl
iuia; wdfhdack l<U ^re' ì,shk& 2,548.7 2,829.5 335.2 358.4 ixLHdj iy Y=oaO Þhl;ajh iïnkaOfhka
thska rcfha iq/l=ïm;a ^]& 93.8 93.4 77.7 81.0
j¾Okhla jd¾;d l< w;r tys iuia; j;alï
o< wdodhu ^re' ì,shk& 259.3 285.6 32.1 34.5
fnodyeÍu i`oyd mj;akd remsh,a ì,shk 70 olajd ishhg 10'1lska j¾Okh
,dNh ^re' ì,shk& 223.0 245.1 25.5 27.8 úh' wruqof,a il%Sh idudðl ixLHdj 2019 jir
wdfhdackh u; m%;, s dNh ^]& 10.7 10.6 9.1 8.8
idud‚l .sKï q i`oyd f.jQ fmd,S wjidkfha mej;s 222"739 g idfmalaIj 2020 jir
wkqmd;slh ^]& 9.3 9.0 8.0 8.0 wjidkfha§ 235"884la úh' fï w;r" 2020 jir
^w& ixfYdaê; uQ,hka( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j wjidkh jk úg wruqof,a wdfhdack ishhg
^wd& ;djld,sl fiajd kshqla;hkaf.a Ndr wruqo,
11'7lska j¾Okh fjñka remsh,a ì,shk 69'6la lrd
<Õd úh' 2019 jif¾ jd¾;d l< remsh,a ñ,shk
.sKqï ñ,shk 15'9lg wdikak ixLHdjla mej;sho
491'0l Y=oaO Þhl;ajh iuÕ ii|k úg 2020
2020 jif¾ § il%Shj mej;sfha thska ñ,shk
jir ;=<§ remsh,a ñ,shk 507'0l Okd;aul Y=oaO
2'5la mu‚' 2020 jir wjika jk úg wruqo,g Þhl;ajhla fmkaùh' 2020 jif¾ § rdcH fiajd
Þhl;ajh olajk fiajd fhdaclhka ixLHdj w¾:idOl wruqo, úiska ish iuia; wdfhdack
2019 jir wjidkfha§ jd¾;d l< 82"375l isg j,ska rcfha iq/l=ïm;aj, isÿl< wdfhdack ishhg
75"756la olajd my; jegq‚' fuu wruqof,a iuia; 40'5la úh' 2020 jir i|yd idudðl fYaIh u;
fkdmshjQ idudðl fYaIhkaf.a tl;=j 2019 jir M,Þ wkqmd;slh ishhg 9'8la úh'
wjidkfha§ jd¾;d l< remsh,a ì,shk 339'2
wkqu; úY%du jegqma yd w¾:idOl wruqo,
isg 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg remsh,a ì,shk
2020 jir wjika jk úg úY%du jegqma wxYfhka
347'6la lrd <Õd jQ w;r th ishhg 2'5l j¾Okhls' ishhg 10'0la úh' fm!oa.,sl w¾:idOl wruqo,a
2020 jir wjidkfha§ fiajd kshqla;hkaf.a Ndr u.ska wdjrKh jk idudðl ixLHdj 2020 jir
wruqof,a iuia; Þhl;ajh remsh,a ì,shk 27'0la wjika jk úg 186"491la jQ w;r" wkqu; úY%du
olajd ishhg 1'8lska my; jegqKq w;r" iuia; jegqma yd w¾:idOl wruqof,ys uq¿ j;alï remsh,a
m%;s,dN f.ùï remsh,a ì,shk 18'6la olajd ishhg ì,shk 364'9 ls'
6'1lska my; jegq‚'
8'4 uQ,H fj<|fmd< ld¾hidOkh
fï w;r" 2020 jir wjidkfha§" fiajd
kshqla;hkaf.a Ndr wruqof,a iuia; j;alï remsh,a foaYSh uqo,a fj<|fmd<
ì,shk 380'4la olajd ishhg 10'8lska by< hk ,§'
2019 jirg idfmalaIj ishhg 6'9l j¾Okhla fj<|fmd< øjYS,;dj
fmkajñka fuu wruqof,a wdfhdack remsh,a ì,shk 2020 jir ;=<§ foaYSh uqo,a fj<|fmd<

8
358'4la olajd jeä ÈhqKq úh' fuu wdfhdackj,ska
rcfha iq/l=ïm;aj, isÿ l< wdfhdack 2019 jif¾
jd¾;d l< ishhg 77'7 isg 2020 jif¾ § ishhg
81'0la olajd j¾Okh úh' uq¿ wdfhdackj,ska iaÓr
;ekam;= j, isÿl< wdfhdack 2019 jif¾ § jd¾;d
øjYS,;dj wLKavj w;srsla; uÜgul mej;=◊Ks'
fuu w;sßla; øjYS,;dj i|yd n,mE m%Odk idOl
jQfha" jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h wvq lsÍu" uy
nexl=j úiska m%d:ñl fj<|fmdf<ka NdKavd.dr
ì,am;a ñ,g .ekSu iy uy nexl=j úiska úfoaY

228
 uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj

úksuh ñ, § .ekSïh' fldúâ-19 jix.;fha lrkq ms◊‚i" 2020 jif¾ wfm%a,a ueo Nd.fha isg
n,mEu fya;=fldgf.k uy nexl=j úiska y÷kajd n,m;%,dNS jd◊‚c nexl= úiska ffokslj uy nexl=fõ
ÿka úfYaI Kh fhdackd l%u hgf;a ,ndÿka mj;ajdf.k hd hq;= wju ixÑ; wjYH;dj ishhg
wruqo,a iy uy nexl=fõ uqo,a fufyhqï lghq;= 90 isg ishhg 20la olajd wvq lrk ,§' jHjia:dms;
o w;sßla; øjYS,;djh flfrys n,mdk ,§' ixÑ; wkqmd;h ixfYdaOkh lsÍu;a iuÕu 2020
fldúâ-19 jix.;fha n,mEu fya;=fldgf.k jif¾ cqks ui ueo Nd.fha isg n,m;%,dNS jd‚◊c
we;sjQ ndOdjkag uqyqK §u i|yd uy nexl=j nexl=j, jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wjYH;dj .Kkh
,sys,a uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ia:djrh wLKavj mj;ajd lsÍfï§ tu nexl= úiska ldis yd fkdaÜgq jYfhka
.ksñka" fj<|fmd< Kh fmd,S wkqmd;sl wLKavj ;nd .kakd m%udKh wkqj isÿ≥lrkq ,nk .e<mqu
my< uÜgul mj;ajd .ekSug iydh ùu i|yd ishhg 2'00 isg ishhg 1'00la olajd wvq lrk ,§'
uy nexl=j úiska 2020 jif¾ § m%;sm;a;s fmd,S tfukau" yÈis uQ,H ÿIalr;djl§ my< fmd,S
wkqmd;sl wjia:d myl§ iuqÉÑ; jYfhka mokï wkqmd;sl hgf;a uQ,H wdh;kj,g Ndú;d l<
wxl 250lska wvq lrk ,§' tys m%;sM,hla f,i" yels iy mßmd,kuh jYfhka ;SrKh lrkq ,nk
ks;H ;ekam;= myiqlï wkqmd;slh iy ks;H nexl= wkqmd;slh 2020 jif¾ wfm%a,a" uehs iy cQ,s
Kh myiqlï wkqmd;slh" ms<sfj<ska" ishhg 4'50 udij,§ mokï wxl 650lska ishhg 8'5la olajd
iy ishhg 5'50l w.hlska wvq úh' óg wu;rj" my; fy<k ,o w;r" tu wkqmd;slh ks;H Kh
uQ,H moaO;shg iy wd¾Ól lghq;=j,g iydh ùu myiqlï wkqmd;slhg jvd mokï wxl 300l by<
i|yd uqo,a fj<|fmd< ;=< m%udKj;a øjYS,;djla w.hl iajhxl%sh f,i .e<mSug bvyßk ,§'
mj;ajd .ekSu ;yjqre lsÍug uy nexl=j úiska fj<|fmd< ;=< mej;s øjYS,;d uÜgïj,
uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ,sys,a lsÍfï ls%hdud¾. lsysmhla úp,khkag wkqj 2020 jif¾ m<uq Nd.h ;=< oS
y÷kajd fok ,§' ;jÿrg;a" uy nexl=j úiska uy nexl=j úiska újg fj<|fmd< lghq;= hgf;a
foaYSh fj<|fmd< fj; remsh,a ì,shk 180'0l m%;sñ,§.ekqï iy m%;súl=Kqï hk fjkafoais
muK w;sßla; øjYS,;djla uqÞyßñka 2020 jif¾ foj¾.hu mj;ajk ,§' flfia fj;;a" foaYSh uqo,a
ud¾;= iy cqks udij, wjia:d foll§ n,m;%,dNS fj<|fmdf<ys wLKavj mej;s w;sßla; øjYS,;d
jd◊‚c nexl=j, remsh,a ;ekam;= j.lSu u; jk ;;a;ajh fya;=fldgf.k 2020 jif¾ cqks ui 17
jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h ishhg 2'0l wvq jk Èk isg 2020 jif¾ iema;eïn¾ ui 24 olajd
wkqmd;slhla olajd m%;sY;dxl 3lska my; fy<k ld,h ;=<§ uy nexl=j úiska újg fj<|fmd<
,§' ta w;r" øjYS,;d l<ukdlrKh jvd;a kuHYS,S lghq;= hgf;a jQ fjkafoais fkdmj;ajk ,o
8'15 rEm igyk w;r" w;srsla; øjYS,;dj" tlaÈk mokñka ks;H
uqo,a fj<|fmd< øjYS,;djfha ffoksl fjkialï 2020 ;ekam;= myiqlu yryd wLKavj wjfYdaIKh
lrk ,§' uqo,a fj<|fmd< ;=< m%udKj;a w;sßla;
800
øjYS,;djla mej;sh o úfoaY Kh f.ùï yuqfõ
600
øjYS,;dj wvqùfï wfmalaIdj fukau" m%udKj;a
400
øjYS,;djla foaYSh uqo,a fj<|fmd< ;=< mj;ajd
200
.ekSfï wjYH;dj o ie,ls,a,g .ksñka 2020
0
jif¾ iema;eïn¾ 25 jk Èk isg újg fj<|fmd<
-200
lghq;= hgf;a fjkafoais isÿ≥lsÍu kej; wdrïN
-400
lf<a h' ta wkqj" n,m;%,dNS jd◊‚c nexl= yd nexl=
-600
fkdjk m%d:ñl wf,úlrejka i|yd wjYH;dj
-800
u; È.=ld,Sk iy fláld,Sk m%;súl=Kqï
7-ck'-20
23-ck'-20
7-fmn'-20
24-fmn'-20
10-ud¾'-20
24-ud¾'-20
15-wfm%a'-20
19-wfma%'-20
18-uehs-20
2-cqks-20
17-cqks-20
1-cQ,s-20
15-cQ,s-20
29-cQ,s-20
13-wf.da'-20
27-wf.da'-20
11-iema'-20
25-iema'-20
20-Tla'-20
26-Tla'-20
10-fkdje'-20
24-fkdje'-20
8-foie'-20
22-foie'-20

fjkafoais mj;ajk ,§' uy nexl=j úiska m%d:ñl

8
fj<|fmdf<ka NdKavd.dr ì,am;a ñ,§ .ekSu
uqo,a ;ekam;= ld,Sk m%;súl=Kqï úfoaY úksuh
.kqfokq fya;=fldgf.k foaYSh uqo,a fj<|fmd< øjYS,;dj
ld,Sk m%;sñ,§
.ekqï
úfoaY úksuh yqjudre
.kqfokq
jHjia:dms; ixÑ;
wjYH;djhka
ie,lsh hq;= f,i by< hEu;a iu`. 2020 jif¾
rcfha .kqfokq wfkl=;a tlaÈk øjYS,;dj fkdjeïn¾ ui 12 jeks Èk isg újg fj<|fmd<
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j lghq;= hgf;a fjkafoais fkdmj;ajk ,§'

229
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

uqo,a fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;sl m%udKj;a mßÈ mej;Su fya;=fldgf.k 2020 jif¾
mj;akd uqo,a m%;sm;a;s rduqfjys fufyhqï foieïn¾ wjidkfha§ nß; idudkH fj<|fmd<
b,lalh f,i ie,flk nß; idudkH talaIK m%;sñ,§.ekqï wkqmd;slh 4'57la f,i mej;s◊‚'
uqo,a wkqmd;slh" uy nexl=j úiska wkq.ukh
wfkl=;a m%jK;d
lrk ,o uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ,sys,a lsÍfï l%shdud¾.j,g
wkqrEmj" ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;sl fldßfvdafjys 2020 jir ;=<§" uy nexl=fõ uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh
my< iSudj lrd .uka lsÍug bv i,ik ,o w;r" l%shdjg kexùfï§ foaYSh uqo,a fjf<|fmd<
fj<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd;sl my<g keUqre lrùu ;=< m%udKj;a øjYS,;djla mej;Su iy;sl
fuys wruqK úh' uy nexl=fõ uqo,a fufyhqï lghq;= lsÍu flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lf<ah' wvq
yryd nß; idudkH talaIK uqo,a wkqmd;slh" fmd,S wkqmd;sl hgf;a uqo,a fj<|fmd< ;=<
2020 jif¾ m<uq Nd.fha§ ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;sl m%udKj;a øjYS,;djhla mj;ajd .ekSu fldúâ-19
fldßfvdafjys uOHh wdikakfhys mj;ajd .kakd jix.; ld, iSudj ;=<§ uQ,H moaO;sfha iqug
,§' flfia fj;;a" jif¾ fojk Nd.fha§ Kh l%shdldÍ;ajh mj;ajd .ekSug WmldÍ úh' 2020
fmd,S wkqmd;sl wvqfldg wd¾Ól lghq;= Èß.ekaùu jir ;=<§ uy nexl=j úiska n,m;%,dNS jd‚◊c
fukau" uqo,a fj<|fmd< ;=< w;sßla; øjYS,;djla nexl= fj; udi ;=kl ld,hla olajd jQ È.=ld,Sk
mj;ajd .ksñka" nß; idudkH talaIK uqo,a m%;súl=Kqï fjkafoais u.ska È.=ld,Sk øjYS,;d
wkqmd;slh ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;sl fldßfvdafjys myiqlï ,nd fok ,§' tfukau" nexl= fkdjk
my< iSudj wdikakfha mj;ajd .ekSug uy nexl=j m%d:ñl wf,úlrejka i|yd o Èk 15la olajd §¾>
lghq;= lf<ah' ta wkqj" 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ lrk ,o ld,iSudjla i|yd È.=ld,Sk øjYS,;d
ui wjidkh jk úg nß; idudkH talaIK uqo,a myiqlu ,ndfok ,§' fldúâ¡19 jix.;h yuqfõ
wkqmd;slh ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;sl fldßfvdafõ n,mEug ,lajQ jHdmdr i|yd iykÞhS fmd,S
my< iSudjg uola by<ska ishhg 4'55la f,i wkqmd;sl hgf;a Kh myiqlï ie,iSu i|yd
mej;s‚◊' fï w;r" nß; idudkH talaIK uqo,a mq¿Ω,a mrdihl wem iq/l=ïm;a iys;j uy nexl=j
wkqmd;slfhys úp,khkag wkqj hñka nß; fj;ska Kh ,nd.ekSu i|yd kj Kh fhdackd
idudkH fj<|fmd< m%;sñ,§.ekqï wkqmd;slh o l%u y÷kajd §u o ;j;a tjeks ls%hdud¾.hls' uy
fndfyda ÿrg Bg iudk yeisÍula fmkakqï lf<ah' nexl=j úiska fldúâ¡19 jix.; ;;a;ajh mej;s
ta wkqj" m%;sñ,§.ekqï fj<|fmd< ;=< wruqo,a ld,iSudj ;=<§ wd¾Óluh jYfhka jeo.;a úfYaI
8'16 rEm igyk
øjYS,;d wjYH;d iys; wxY fj; m%udKj;a mßÈ
újg fj<| lghq;=" ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;sl fldßfvdaj wruqo,a iemhSu i|yd fukau" wd¾Ól lghq;=
iy tlaÈk fmd,S wkqmd;slj, yeisÍu kxjd,Sug iydh §u i|yd 1949 wxl 58 ork
300 8.5
uqo,a kS;s mkf;a 83^1& jk j.ka;sh hgf;a kj
250 8.0 Kh fhdackd l%uhla y÷kajd fok ,§' ta wkqj"
200 7.5
remsh,a ì,shk

7.0 bÈlsÍï" T!IO yd wfkl=;a y÷kd.;a wxYj,

150
rcfha fldka;%d;alrejka yd iemhqïlrejka i|yd
ishhg

6.5
100
6.0
50
5.5 jd¾Islj ishhg 4'0 fkdblaujQ fmd,S wkqmd;slhla
0 5.0
-50
hgf;a Èk 180l ld,iSudjla i|yd Kh ,nd
4.5
-100 4.0 §ug" uy nexl=j úiska jd¾Islj ishhg 1'00l
26-fkeje'-2020
1-ck'-2020
16-ck'-2020
31-ck'-2020
15-fmn'-2020
1-ud¾'-2020
16-ud¾'-2020
31-ud¾'-2020
15-wfm%a'-2020
30-wfm%a'-2020
15-uehs-2020
30-uehs-2020
14-cqks-2020
29-cqks-2020
14-cQ,s-2020
29-cQ,s-2020
13-wf.da'-2020
28-wf.da'-2020
12-iema'-2020
27-iema'-2020
12-Tla'-2020
27-Tla'-2020
11-fkeje'-2020

11-foie'-2020
26-foie'-2020

iykÞhS fmd,S wkqmd;slhlg fldka;%d;alrejka

yd iemhqïlrejka i|yd jQ øjYS,;d myiqlu
kñka øjYS,;d myiqlula n,m;%,dNS jd◊‚c
ks;H myiqlï tla Èk È.= ld,Sk flá ld,Sk nexl= fj; y÷kajd fok ,§' ta wkqj" fuu Kh
fjkafoais fjkafoais fjkafoais

8
ks;H ;ekam;= ks;H Kh myiqlï nß; idudkH fhdackd l%uh hgf;a rcfha fldka;%d;alrejkag
myiqlï wkqmd;slh wkqmd;slh talaIK uqo,a yd iemhqïlrejkag fkdmshjQ ì,am;a f.ùu
^ol=Kq wlaIh& ^ol=Kq wlaIh& wkqmd;slh
iy;sl lsÍu i|yd rch úiska ksl=;a lrk
tla Èk øjYS,S;djh ks;H fmd,S wkqmd;slfhys uOH
wkqmd;slh ^ol=Kq wlaIh& ,o m%;s.%dyl ,smsh u; mokïj n,m;%,dNS
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j jd‚◊c nexl= úiska Tjqkag Kh myiqlï

230

iemhQ w;r" n,m;%,dNS jd◊‚c nexl= úiska
NdKavd.dr ì,am;a yd NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr wem
jYfhka bÈßm;a l< fmdfrdkaÿ fkdaÜgq u;
mokïj" uy nexl=j úiska jd‚◊c nexl= fj; wruqo,a
imhk ,§' 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkh
jk úg fuu Kh myiqlï hgf;a n,m;%,dNS
jd◊‚c nexl= fj; uqÞyßk ,o wruqo,a m%udKh
remsh,a ì,shk 7'2la úh' óg wu;rj" fi!Nd.Hd
fldúâ¡19 mqkreo iyk Kh myiqlfuys fojk
wÈhr hgf;a foaYSh jHdmdr i|yd ishhg 4'00
fkdblaujQ fmd,S wkqmd;slhlg Kh ,nd§u i|yd
uy nexl=j úiska n,m;%,dNS jd‚◊c nexl= fj;
mqΩ¿,a mrdihl wem iq/l=ïm;a hgf;a ishhg 1'00l
iykÞhS fmd,S wkqmd;slhlg wruqo,a imhk
,§' 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk úg
fi!Nd.Hd mqkreo iyk Kh fhdackd l%ufhys
fojk wÈhr hgf;a n,m;%,dNS jd◊‚c nexl= fj;
remsh,a ì,shk 83'4 l wruqo,a uqÞyßk ,§'
foaYSh úfoaY úksuh fj<|fmd<
jir ;=<§ t' c' fvd,rhg idfmalaIj
Y%S ,xld remshf,a w.h" 2019 jif¾ foieïn¾
ui wjidkh jk úg ;snQ remsh,a 181'63 isg 2020
jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk úg remsh,a
186'41la olajd ishhg 2'6 l m%;sY;hlska wjm%udKh
úh' mYapd;a ue;sjrK wd¾Ól ia:dhS;djh;a iuÕ
2020 jir wdrïNfha§" úksuh wkqmd;slh remsh,a
181l ia:djr uÜgfï mej;sho" th È.= l,la tfia
fkdmej;=ks' úksuh wkqmd;h flfrys ie,lsh
hq;= mSvkhla ud¾;= ueo isg ksÍlaIKh lrk
,o w;r" fldúâ-19 f.da,Sh w¾nqofhka miqj
wmkhk mßj¾;khka wvqùu" ixpdrl wdY%s;
.,dtaï wvqùu iy fm%aIK wvqùu fukau foaYSh
m%d.aOk fj<|m<ska úfoaY wdfhdack wdmiq
.,dhEu jeä ùu fya;=fjka wfm%a,a udih jk úg
úksuh wkqmd;h remsh,a 200 uÜgug ,Õd úh'
flfia fj;;a" úksuh wkqmd;h u; we;sjQ fuu
mSvkh" fj<|fmd<g kj úl=Kqï ñ<§ .ekSï
úksuh yqjudre fjkafoais y÷kajd§u;a iuÕ
uy nexl=j úiska lrk ,o ueÈy;aùï iy rch
iy uy nexl=j úiska .kq ,enQ m%;sm;a;suh
l%shdud¾. u.ska ,sys,a lrk ,§' 2020 jif¾
iema;eïn¾ wjidkh jk úg mSvkh l%ufhka
,sys,a jqj o" fldaúâ-¡19 jix.;fha fojk /,a,
u;=ùu;a iuÕ fj<|fmd<g úfoaY úksuh .,d taï
uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj
wvq uÜgul mej;Su;a" l%udkql+, wdkhk ,sys,a
lsÍï iuÕ wdkhk i|yd úfoaY úksuh .,d hEï
iy ,dNdxY f.ùï yd úfoaY úksuh Kh wdmiq
f.ùï jeks úfoaY úksuh wdmiq .,d hEï ksid
h,s;a úksuh wkqmd;h u; mSvkhla we;s úh'
f.da,Sh fY%a‚.; lsÍfï wdh;k úiska Y%S ,xldfõ
Kh fY%A‚.; lsÍu wLKavj my; fy,Su u.ska
fuu ;;a;ajh ;jÿrg;a W.% úh' flfia kuq;a"
uy nexl=j úiska lrk ,o iSñ; ueÈy;aùï iy
.kq ,enQ m%;sm;a;suh l%shdud¾. fya;=fjka úksuh
wkqmd;h 2020 jir wjika jk úg remsh,a 185l
uÜgul mej;=ks' ;jo" tlai;a ckmo fvd,rhg
idfmalaIj Y%S ,xld remshf,ys iuia; wjm%udKhg
wkq.dój" 2020 jir wjidkh jk úg jd‚c
nexl=j, úÿ,s mejreï .kqfokq i|yd jQ tlai;a
ckmo fvd,rhla i|yd ñ,§ .ekSu iy úlsŒfï
idudkH úksuh wkqmd;h ms<sfj<ska remsh,a
184'12la iy remsh,a 189'18la jQ w;r" 2019 jir
wjidkh jk úg ixikaokd;aul ixLHd ms<sfj<ska
remsh,a 179'66la iy remsh,a 183'33la úh' fï w;r"
2020 jir ;=< § hqfrda" iag¾,ska mjqu" cmka fhka
iy ´iafÜ%,shdkq fvd,rhg idfmalaIj o Y%S ,xld
remsh, wjm%udKh úh'
uy nexl=j 2020 jir ;=<§ foaYSh úfoaY
úksuh fjf<|fmd< ;=< Y=oaO .ekqïlrejl= úh'
úksuh wkqmd;fha we;s wêl wia:djr;ajh wju
lsÍu i|yd úfoaY úksuh iq¿ jYfhka fj<|fmd<g
úlsŒu isÿ lrk úg§ jqjo" úfoaY úksuh ixÑ;
8'17 rEm igyk
2020 jif¾§ t'c' fvd,rhg tfrysj
YS% ,xld remshf,ys úp,kh
203
198
t'c'fvd,rhg remsh,a
193
188
183
8
178
1-ck
1-fmn
1-ud¾;=
1-uehs
1-cqks
1-cQ,s
1-fkdje
1-foie
1-wfm%a,a
1-wf.da
1-iema
1-Tla
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
231
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

f.dvke.Su i|yd fj<|fmdf<ka úfoaY úksuh 8'16 ixLHd igyk

ñ,§ .ekSu kej; wdrïN lsÍug uy nexl=jg rcfha iq/l=ïm;aj, M,od wkqmd;sl
jd¾Isl m%;sY;h
yels úh' ta wkqj" 2020 jif¾ § uy nexl=j m%d:ñl oaú;Shsl

whs;uh fj<|fmd< fj<|fmd<
t' c' fvd,¾ ñ,shk 685'4la fj<|fmd<ska 2019 2020 2019 2020
wjfYdaIKh lr we;s w;r t' c' fvd,¾ ñ,shk NdKavd.dr ì,am;a
Èk 91 7.45 - 9.55 4.51 - 7.55 7.40 - 9.79 4.50 - 7.54
402'9la fj<|fmd<g imhd we;' tys m%;sm,hla Èk 182 7.58 - 9.95 3.87 - 8.15 7.55 - 9.96 4.61 - 8.12
jYfhka jir ;=,§ t'c' fvd,¾ ñ,shk 282'5l Èk 364 8.11 - 10.99 4.13 - 8.61 8.04 - 10.91 4.80 - 8.57
Y=oaO ñ,§ .ekSula jd¾;d flßKs' NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr
jir 2 9.79 - 10.85 5.47 - 5.86 8.46 - 11.16 5.16 - 8.94
2020 jir ;=< § foaYSh úfoaY úksuh wka;¾ jir 3 9.65 - 10.72 5.72 - 9.33 8.86 - 11.42 5.59 - 9.38
nexl= fj<|fmdf<ys .kqfokq mßudj 2019 jirg jir 4 - 6.32 - 9.39 9.37 - 11.53 6.02 - 9.59
jir 5 9.83 - 11.58 6.50 - 9.81 9.56 - 11.58 6.30 - 9.81
idfmalaIj ishhg 5'4 lska my< .sfhah' fuu ld,
jir 6 - 6.57 - 8.59 9.79 - 11.64 6.37 - 9.89
iSudj ;=<§ wka;¾ nexl= úfoaY úksuh .kqfokq jir 8 10.24 - 11.30 7.07 - 9.99 9.85 - 11.69 6.63 - 9.99
j, uq¿ mßudj t'c'fvd,¾ ñ,shk 18'4la jQ w;r jir 10 10.23 - 11.73 9.99 9.94 - 11.87 6.84 - 10.05

th 2019 jif¾ wÞ< ld,mßÉfþofha§ t' c' fvd,¾
ì,shk 19'4la úh' fuhg iu.dój" wka;¾ nexl=
úfoaY úksuh fjf<|fmdf<ys ffoksl idudkH
mßudj 2020 jif¾ § t' c' fvd,¾ ñ,shk 77la
olajd wvqù we;s w;r th 2019 jif¾ § t' c'
fvd,¾ ñ,shk 80la úh'
rdcH iq/l=ïm;a fj<|fmd<
2020 jir mqrdu rdcH iq/l=ïm;a
M,Þ wkqmd;slhkays my; jeàula fmdÿfõ
ksÍlaIKh úh' wfmalaIs; Wmdhud¾.sl ksl=;a
lsÍfï úêúOdkhkag wkql+,j m%ldYhg
m;al< ksl=;a lsÍfï Èk o¾Ykh" wruqo,a
,nd.ekSfï yelshdj iy by< .sh flá ld,Sk
uqo,a fjf<|fmd< øjYS,;dj fya;=fjka 2020
jif¾ m<uq Nd.h ;=<§ fláld,Sk rcfha
iq/l=ïm;a M,Þ wkqmd;sl my; jegq‚' fï w;r"
fldúâ-19 jix.;fha wys;lr wd¾Ól n,mEïj,g
tfrysj m%;spdr ±laùu i|yd f.k we;s l%shdud¾.
ie,ls,a,g .ksñka" úfYaIfhka ,sys,a uqo,a
m%;sm;a;s ia:djrh wLKavj mj;ajdf.k hEu"
fj<|fmdf<a Kh fiajdlrKhg wkql+,j isÿl<
ksl=;=ka iy m%d:ñl fjkafoais j,§ NdKavd.dr
ì,am;a iy NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr ksl=;a lsÍï
ms<s.ekSu i|yd Wmßu M,Þ wkqmd;sl m%ldYhg
m;alsÍu hkdÈh fya;=fjka 2020 jif¾ fojk
yd f;jk ld¾;= j,§ m%d:ñl fj<|fmd<
jir 15 10.59 7.84 10.11 - 12.01 7.13 - 10.18
jir 20 10.29 - 10.68 - 10.23 - 12.12 7.15 - 10.25
- - 10.36 - 12.15 7.61 - 10.52
jir 30
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
yd oaú;Shsl fjf<|fmd< ;=< M,Þ wkqmd;sl my;
jeàfï m%jK;djfha wdmiq yeÍula ksÍlaIKh
úh' ta wkqj Èk 364l NdKavd.dr ì,am;a m%d:ñl
fjf<|fmd< nr ;enQ idudkH M,Þ wkqmd;slh
2019 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk úg jd¾;d
jQ ishhg 8'45 isg 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui jk úg
ishhg 5'05la olajd wvqjQ w;r uOH yd È.=ld,Sk
NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr we;=¿ wfkl=;a rdcH Kh
iq/l=ïm;ays m%d:ñl fj<|fmd< M,Þ wkqmd;sl
2020 jir wjidkh jk úg ie,lsh hq;= f,i
wvqù we;'
Y%S ,xldfõ cd;Hka;r iaffjÍ;aj ne÷ïlr
i|yd jQ by< oaú;Shsl fjf<|fmd< M,Þ wkqmd;sl
we;=¿ wys;lr cd;Hka;r m%d.aOk fj<|fmd<
;;a;ajhka" iaffjÍ;aj Kh fY%a‚.; lsÍfï
l%shdud¾. ksid we;s jQ wLKav mSvk ;;a;ajhka iy
m%;Hka; iy ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk wd¾Ólhka
úiska ksl=;a lrkq ,nk wdfhdack WmlrKhkays
wdfhdackh i|yd wdfhdaclhka wjÞkï ±Íug
ue,sùu fya;=fjka 2020 jif¾ § idïm%Þhsl
m%d.aOk fj<|fmd< j,ska kj wruqo,a /ialsÍfï
yelshdj iSud úh' tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka" 2020

8
M,Þ wkqmd;sl wLKavj my; jegq‚' tfia
jqj o" fldúâ-19 fojk wÈhr jHdma;sh yd 2020
jif¾ wjidk Nd.fha§ we;s jQ iDKd;aul Kh
fY%a‚.; lsÍfï l%shdud¾. fya;=fjka 2020 jif¾
y;rjk ld¾;=fõ§ rcfha iq/l=ïm;aj, m%d:ñl
jif¾ Tlaf;dan¾ udifha§ mßK; jQ cd;Hka;r
iaffjÍ;aj ne÷ïlrh" uQ,HlrK ñY%Khla u.ska
ndysr j.lSu wju lsÍu ioyd jQ Wmdhud¾.sl
ie,eiaulska hq;=j" úfoaY ixÑ; /ia lsÍu u.ska
iy úfoaY úksuh .,d hEï l<ukdlrKh lsÍu

232
 uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj

u.ska kj ksl=;=jlg fhduq fkdù m%;suQ,HlrKh 8'18 rEm igyk

m%d:ñl fj<|m, ;=, NdKavd.dr ì,am;a yd NdKavd.dr
lrk ,§' foaYSh uQ,dY% u.ska úfoaY jHjydr uqo,a neÿïlr u; nr ;enQ idudkH M,Þ wkqmd;sl
/ia lsÍfï §" Y%S ,xld ixj¾Ok neÿïlr i|yd ^jd¾Isl m%;sY;h&
we;s b,a¨u yd øjYS,;dj ie,lsh hq;= f,i 14
wvq jQ w;r 2020 jif¾ § t' c' fvd,¾ ñ,shk
12
952'8l mßK; uqo,g idfmalaIj t' c' fvd,¾

jd¾Isl m%;sY;h
ñ,shk 507'0la muKla /ia lr .kakd ,§' 10

8
jix.; ;;a;ajh yd Y%S ,xldfõ Kh
fY%a‚.; lsÍï my; fy,Su fya;=fjka m%;Hka; 6

yd ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk wd¾Ólhkaf.ka 4

ck'-16
ud¾'-16
uehs-16
cQ,s'-16
iema'-16
fkdje'-16
ck'-17
ud¾'-17
uehs-17
cQ,s'-17
iema'-17
fkdje'-17
ck'-18
ud¾'-18
uehs-18
cQ,s'-18
iema'-18
fkdje'-18
ck'-19
ud¾'-19
uehs-19
cQ,s'-19
iema'-19
fkdje'-19
ck'-20
ud¾'-20
uehs-20
cQ,s'-20
iema'-20
fkdje'-20
úfoaY wdfhdack bj;aùu ms<sìUq lrñka" 2020
jif¾ § Y%S ,xld rdcH iq/l=ïm;a fj<|fmdf<a
úfoaY wdfhdackj, Y=oaO msg;g .,dhEula
ksÍlaIKh úh' jir ;=< NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr yd m%d:ñl fj<ofmd< NdKavd.dr m%d:ñl fj<ofmd< NdKavd.dr
ì,am;a u; nr;enQ idudkH neÿïlr j, nr ;enQ idudkH
NdKavd.dr ì,am;aj, úfoaY wdfhdack" M,Þ wkqmd;sl ^jd¾Isl m%;sY;h& M,Þ wkqmd;sl ^jd¾Isl m%;sY;h&
uq¿ Y=oaO msg;g .,dhEu t' c' fvd,¾ uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j

ñ,shk 552'7la úh' NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr iy

NdKavd.dr ì,am;ays úfoaYSh wdfhdack" ie,lsh
hq;= wvq ùula jd¾;d lrñka 2019 jir wjidkfha§
jd¾;d jQ remsh,a ì,shk 103'9g idfmalaIj 2020
jir wjidkfha§ remsh,a ì,shk 6'7la olajd my<
.sfha h'
rcfha ueÈ ld,Sk Kh l<ukdlrK
Wmdhud¾.fhys m%Odk wjOdkh fhduqjQ lreKla
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njg mßj¾;kh lsÍu u.ska" iuia; Kh m%udKh
;=< we;s úfoaY Kh m%udKh wvq lsÍfï wruqK
2020 jif¾ § id¾:l úh' ta wkqj" úfoaY Kh
m%udKh" uq¿ rdcH Kh m%udKfhys m%;sY;hla
f,i 2019 jif¾ foieïn¾ ui wjidkh jk
úg mej;s ishhg 49'1 isg 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾
ui wjidkh jk úg ishhg 42'8la olajd wvq
jQ w;r uOH ld,Skj úfoaY Kh iuia; rdcH
Kh m%udKfhka ;=fkka folla olajd ;jÿrg;a
8'17 ixLHd igyk
NdKavd.dr ì,am;ays m%d:ñl fj<|fmd< Nß; idudkH
M,od wkqmd;sl
jd¾Isl m%;sY;h
mßK; ld,h
jir
Èk 91 Èk 182 Èk 364
wvqlsÍug wfmalaId flf¾' flfia fj;;a" jix.;
ld,h ;=< rcfha uqo,a m%jdy wjYH;d imqrd,Su
i|yd kj NdKavd.dr ì,am;a iy flá ld,Sk
NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr ksl=;a lsÍu fya;=fjka È.=
ld,Sk Kh m%udKhg idfmalaIj flá ld,Sk
foaYSh Kh m%udKh" ;rula by< f.dia ;sfí' ta
wkqj" 2019 jir wjika jk úg mej;s jir 5'78la
jQ uOHu rcfha foaYSh uqo,ska kduKh lrk ,o
Kh m%udKfhys idudkH mßK; ld,h 2020 jir
wjika jk úg jir 4'71la olajd wvq úh'
,sys,a uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ia:djrh o iuÕska"
Wmßu M,Þ wkqmd;sl fjf<|fmd<g ksfõokh
lsÍfï m%;sM,hla f,i" 2020 jir ;=< foaYSh uqo,a
Kh b;sydifha wvqu M,Þ wkqmd;slhla hgf;a
,nd .ekSug yels jQ w;r" tu.ska miq.sh jirj,g
idfmalaIj rchg ie,lsh hq;= msßjehla b;sßlr
.ekSug yels úh' 2019 jirg idfmalaIj 2020
jif¾ § mdoldxl 300 lska muK NdKavd.dr ì,am;a
yd NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlrj, nr ;enQ idudkH M,Þ
wkqmd;sl wvqù we;' 2019 jif¾ § ishhg 10'74la jQ
nr ;enQ idudkH M,Þ wkqmd;slh hgf;a remsh,a
ì,shk 798'0la jQ NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr ksl=;=kag
iuia;
idfmalaIj" 2020 jif¾ § ishhg 7'39la jQ nr ;enQ
idudkHh

8
2016 8.26 9.23 10.20 9.38 idudkH M,Þ wkqmd;slh hgf;a remsh,a ì,shk
2017 9.01 9.80 10.07 9.77 1"332'1la jQ NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr ksl=;a lrk ,§'
2018 8.40 8.58 9.68 9.36
2019 8.15 8.44 9.40 9.06
;jo" 2019 jif¾ § ishhg 8'92la jQ iuia; nr ;enQ
2020 5.93 5.72 6.37 6.09 idudkH M,Þ wkqmd;slh hgf;a remsh,a ì,shk
uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j 1"719'3la jQ NdKavd.dr ì,am;a ksl=;=jg idfmalaIj"

233
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020

2020 jif¾ § ishhg 5'82la jQ iuia; nr ;enQ 8'19 rEm igyk

fld<U fldgia fj<`ofmd< iuia; fldgia ñ, o¾Ylh"
idudkH M,Þ wkqmd;slh hgf;a remsh,a ì,shk tia wekaâ mS Y%S ,xld 20 o¾Ylh iy
2"590'5la jákd NdKavd.dr ì,am;a ksl=;a lrk fj<`ofmd, m%d.aOkSlrKh
,§'2
7,000 2,800

fldgia fj<|fmd<

remsh,a ì,shk
5,000

o¾Yl w.h
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fkdjQ úrE wNsfhda. fya;=fjka fld<U jHdmdr 3,000

jia;= yqjudrefjys jir mqrd fláld,Sk WÉpdjpk

olakg ,eì‚' fj<|fmdf<a we;s wêl WÉpdjpk 1,000 1,800

wf.da'
wfm%a'

fkdje'

wf.da'
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fkdje'
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cqks
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ck'

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ck'
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Tla'
fkdje'
foie'
fya;=fjka o¾Yl mdol mßm: lvkhka (Index-
based circuit breakers) wjia:d lsysmhl§ il%Sh úh' 2018 2019 2020

2020 jif¾ uehs 12 jk Èk iuia; fldgia ñ, fj<|fmd, fj<| fmd< jid fj<| fmd,
o¾Ylh (ASPI) oYlhla ;=< tys wvqu w.h jd¾;d m%d.aOkSlrKh ±uQ Èkhka w;aysgjQ" .Kq
^ol=Kq wCIh& fokq j,ska miqj
l< kuq;a 2020 jir wjika jk úg ishhg 10'5l iuiA; fldgia ñ, tia wekaâ mS Y%S ,xld jid oEuQ Èkhka
o¾Ylh 20 o¾Ylh
j¾Okhla jd¾;d lrk ,§' th 2014 jifrka miq
uQ,h( fld<U jHdmdr jia;= yqjudrej
jd¾;d l< by<u jd¾Isl jeäùu úh' tia wekaâ
mS Y%S ,xld 20 o¾Ylh ta yd iudk m%jK;djla
fmkakqï lrñka uehs ui ueo Nd.fha isg h:d flfia fj;;a" Y=oaO úfoaY msg;g .,dhEu
;;a;ajhg m;a jqj o" jir ;=< oS ishhg 10'2l fld<U fldgia fj<|fmd< uqyqKÿka m%Odk
wvqùula jd¾;d lf<ah' wNsfhda.hla úh' iuia; msßjegqu i|yd úfoaYSh
wdfhdaclhkaf.a Þhl;ajh miq.sh jirg
fldgia fj<|fmd< o¾Ylhkaf.ka nyq;rhla idfmalaIj ÿ¾j, úh' miq.sh jif¾ iuia;
2020 jif¾ uehs ui ueo isg jeäÈhqKqùula msßjegqfuka ishhg 36'4la f,i jd¾;d jQ úfoaY
fmkakqï lrk ,§' fj<|fmd< m%d.aOkSlrKh ñ,§ .ekSïj,g idfmalaIj fuu jif¾ W;amdokh
2019 jirg idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾ § ishhg jQfha ishhg 19'8la mu‚' 2019 jif¾ § fld<U
3'8lska by< .sh w;r 2020 jir wjika jk úg jHdmdr jia;= yqjudrefjka jd¾;d jQ remsh,a ì,shk
remsh,a ì,shk 2"960'6l mej;s‚' fld<U jHdmdr 11'7la jQ oaú;sl fj<|fmdf<ka úfoaY wdfhdack
jia;= yqjudrej 2019 jif¾ § jd¾;d l< ñ,shk msg; .,dhEug idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾ § remsh,a
711'2 l idudkH ffoksl msrsjegqug idfmalaIj ì,shk 51'3 l úfoaY .,dhEï jd¾;d lf<ah'
2020 jif¾ § remsh,a ì,shk 3'2l iqúfYaIS
iq/l=ïm;a yd úksuh fldñIka iNdj"
idudkH ffoksl msßjegqula jd¾;d lrk ,§' 2020
fld<U jHdmdr jia;= yqjudrej yd tlaj jir ;=<§
jif¾ § jd¾;d jQ fuu ffoksl idudkH msßjegqu
m%.;sYS,S mshjr .Kkdjla y÷kajd §ug lghq;=
2011 jif¾ isg jirla i|yd jd¾;d jQ by<u w.h
lf<ah' ,ehsia;=.; lsÍfï kS;sÍ;s ixfYdaOkh
úh' mj;akd wvq fmd,S wkqmd;h iy wdl¾YkSh lsÍu" fm, ;=fka mßm: lvk jHQyhla y÷kajd §u"
fj<|fmd< ;lafiare lsÍï fya;=fjka foaYSh äðg,alrKh iy foam, fj<|dï wdfhdack Ndr
wdfhdaclhska fldgia wdfhdack fj; fhduq ùu (Real Estate Investment Trust) jeks kj ksIamdok
fuhg m%Odk jYfhka fya;= úh' Y%S ,xldj l,dmSh Èh;a lsÍu" fj<|fmdf<a ixj¾Okh yd iqug
rgj,a iuÕ ii|k úg ñ, bmehqï wkqmd;h l%shdldÍ;ajh iy;sl lsÍu i|yd l%shd;aul l<
iïnkaOfhka my<u w.hla jd¾;d lrhs' ñ, kj l%shdud¾. fõ'
bmehqï wkqmd;h iy ñ, fmd;a w.h wkqmd;h

8
2020 jir wjidkhg ms<sfj<ska 11'3la iy 1'1la idx.ñl Kh iq/l=ïm;a fj<|fmd<
úh' jd‚c m;% fj<|fmd< 2019 jir yd ii|k l,
2 iuia; nr ;enQ idudkH M,Þ wkqmd;slhg" uq¿ idudkH Kh .ekSfï msßjeh 2020 jif¾ § idfmalaIj jeä l%shdldÍ ;;a;ajhla
we;=<;a jk w;r thg mßmd,k Wmfoia u; isÿ lrk ,o ksl=;+ka o we;=,;a
fõ' fmkaùh' 2020 jif¾ § n,m;%,dNS nexl=j, iydh

234

8'20 rEm igyk
fldgia fj<|fmdf<ys úfoaY iyNd.s;ajh
150
100
remsh,a ì,shk
50
- m%d.aOk Kh iemhSu i|yd uy nexl=j úiska
(50)
(100)
2016 2017 2018
úfoaYSh ñ,§ .ekqï úfoaYSh úl=Kqï
uQ,h( fld<U jHdmdr jia;= yqjudrej
we;sj ksl=;a lrk ,o jd‚c m;% j, jákdlu
remsh,a ì,shk 4'5la jQ w;r 2019 jif¾ § tu w.h
remsh,a ì,shk 4'2la úh' miq.sh jif¾ jd¾;d jQ
ishhg 13'00 isg 16'25la olajd mrdihg idfmalaIj
jd‚c m;%j, fmd,S wkqmd; fuu jir ;=< ishhg
6'50 isg 15'50la olajd mrdihl úp,kh úh'
fldúâ-19 jix.; ;;a;ajh iy fld<U
jHdmdr jia;= yqjudrej i;s y;l ld,hla
;djld,lj jid ;eîu" idx.ñl ne÷ïlr
fj<ofmdf<ys l%shdldÍ;ajhg n,mdk ,§' 2020
jif¾ § fld<U jHdmdr jia;= yqjudrefõ iud.ï
8la úiska ksl=;a lrk ,o wdh;ksl Khlrj,
uQ,sl ksl=;= 16ka remsh,a ì,shk 21'9la /ia
lrk ,§' 2019 jif¾ § tu w.h remsh,a ì,shk
57'9la úh' ia:djr fmd,S wkqmd; iys; Khlr
miq.sh jif¾ mej;s fmd,S wkqmd;h jQ 12'30 isg
15'50la olajd mrdihg idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾ §
ishhg 9'00 isg 13'25la olajd mrdihl mej;=‚'
8'5 ixj¾Ok uQ,H iy uQ,H m%fõYh
uy nexl=j úiska l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk úúO
jQ m%;suQ,HlrK fmd,S iykdOdr iy Kh wemlr
fhdackd l%uj,g wu;rj 2020 jif¾ § fldúâ-19
jix.;h fya;=fjka n,mEug ,la jQ laIqø" l=vd
yd uOH mßudK jHjidhlhka h<s k.disgqùu
wruqKq lr .ksñka ldrl m%d.aOk Kh fhdackd
l%u lsysmhla Y%S ,xld rcfha Wmfoia we;sj uy
nexl=j úiska l%shd;aul lrk ,§'
uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj
fldúâ-19 jix.;hg uqyqK §u i|yd uy
nexl=j úiska .kq ,enQ iqúfYaI mshjr( iajhx
/lshd,dNSka we;=¿j fldúâ-19 jix.;h
fya;=fjka n,mEug ,la jQ laIqø" l=vd uOH
mßudK jHjidhlhkag iydh ±laùu i|yd
jd¾Islj ishhg 4'00l fmd,S wkqmd;hla hgf;a
udi 6l iyk ld,hla o we;=¿j udi 24l
Kh wdmiq f.ùfï ld, iSudjla iys;j ldrl
fi!Nd.Hd fldúâ-19 mqkreo iyk Kh myiqlu
wÈhr ;=klska l%shd;aul lrk ,§'
2019 2020
Kh fhdackd l%ufha wÈhr 1 hgf;a" uqo,a kS;s
Y=oaO úfoaYSh ñ,§ mkf;a 88 jk j.ka;sh m%ldrj iyNd.S;aj uQ,H
.ekqï
wdh;k i|yd m%;suQ,H myiqlï uy nexl=j úiska
imhkq ,enQ w;r" wÈhr 11 hgf;a uqo,a kS;s mkf;a
83 jk j.ka;sh m%ldrj uqo,a uKav,h úiska
wkqu; lrk ,o wemlrhla u; uy nexl=j úiska
iyNd.S;aj uQ,H wdh;k fj; Kh ,nd § we;'
wÈhr 111 hgf;a uqo,a kS;s mkf;a 108 j.ka;sh
m%ldrj ishhg 4'00l jd¾Isl fmd,S wkqmd;hla
hgf;a" jHdmdr iy ;ks mqoa.,hkg iyk ,nd§u
i|yd iyNd.S;aj uQ,H wdh;k j, wruqo,a Ndú;d
lsÍug wfmalaId lrk w;r ,ndfok ,o Kh
i|yd uy nexl=j úiska ishhg 50 isg ishhg 80la
olajd Kh wem wdjrKhla iy Kh wjÞku iy
wruqo,a msßjeh wdjrKh lsÍu i|yd ishhg 5l
fmd,S iykdOdrhla iyNd.S;aj uQ,H wdh;kj,g
,ndfok ,§'
2020 jir wjidkfha§ fi!Nd.Hd fldúâ-19
mqkreo iyk Kh myiqlu hgf;a uy nexl=j
úiska wkqu; lrk ,o ldrl m%d.aOk Kh j,
uq¿ jákdlu remsh,a ì,shk 179'3la jQ w;r th
m%;s,dNSka 62"573la w;f¾ uqÞyßk ,§' uy nexl=j
úiska wkqu; lrk ,o uq¿ ldrl m%d.aOk Kh
m%udKfhka ishhg 52la fiajd wxYfha l=vd yd
uOH mßudK jHjidhlhkag iy ;ks mqoa.,hkag
,nd § we;s w;r l¾udka; wxYfha iy lDIsld¾ñl
wxYfha l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHjidhlhkag iy
;ks mqoa.,hkag ms<sfj,ska ishhg 33la iy ishhg
8
15la muK ,nd § we;'
laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHjidhlhkag
iydh ùug f.k we;s wfkl=;a mshjr( jeú,s
l¾udka; wud;HdxYfha iy f;a uKav,fha iydh
235
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
we;sj f;a l¾udka; wxYh i|yd ldrl m%d.aOk
Kh fhdackd l%uhla jk iemhqï Þu mqk¾ckkSh
Kh fhdackd l%uh uy nexl=j úiska l%shd;aul
lrk ,§' ;jo" uqo,a wud;HdxYfha iyfhda.h
we;sj mdial= bßÞ m%ydrfhka n,mEug ,la jQ laIqø"
l=vd yd uOH mßudK jHjidhlhska i|yd ldrl
m%d.aOk wjYH;d i|yd Kh myiqlï iemhSfï
wruq‚ka Kh wemlr fhdackd l%uhla l%shd;aul
lrk ,§'
kj imsß .%dóh Kh wemlr fhdackd l%uh
iy fi!Nd.Hd Kh fhdackd l%uh hgf;a ,nd
fokq ,nk Kh i|yd wh lrkq ,nk jd¾Isl
fmd,S wkqmd;h ishhg 4'00la olajd my; ouk
,§' iajhx /lshd m%j¾Ok uQ,drïNl Kh fhdackd
l%uh hgf;a iy iajYla;s Kh fhdackd l%uh
hgf;a tla Kh .ekqïlrefjl= i|yd ,nd .;
yels Wmßu Kh uqo,a m%udKh by< kxjk ,§'
uQ,H wka;¾.;Ndjh( f,dal nexl= iuQyfha
idudðlfhl= jk cd;Hka;r uQ,H iyfhda.S;djfha
iydh we;sj uQ,H wka;¾.;Ndjh ms<sn| cd;sl
Wmdh ud¾.h ilia lf<ah' 2021 jif¾ ud¾;= ui
04 jk Èkfha § th ks< jYfhka Èh;a lrk ,o
w;r" rfÜ uQ,H wka;¾.;Ndjh we;s lsÍfuys,d
jQ W;aidyhka iïnkaëlrKh lsÍfï wruq‚ka
uQ,H wka;¾.;Ndjh ms<sn| cd;sl Wmdh ud¾.
fhys f,alï ld¾hd,h ia:dms; lrk ,§' fï w;r"
uQ,H wka;¾.;Ndjh ms<sn| uy nexl=fõ wruqKq
yd iu.dój m%dfoaYSh ld¾hd,j, l%shdldrlï
;jÿrg;a Yla;su;a lsÍfï wruqKska uy nexl=fõ
m%dfoaYSh ld¾hd, yh" 2020 jif¾ cQ,s udifha §
m%dfoaYSh ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j yd taldnoaO
lrk ,§'
uQ,H idlaIr;djh( úêu;a uQ,H wxYfhka
neyerj isák mqoa.,hska b,lal lr.ksñka uQ,H
idlaIr;djh jeäÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd uy nexl=j
wLKavj jevigyka mj;ajk ,§' 2020 jir ;=<§
uQ,H idlaIr;djh" jHjidhl;aj ixj¾Ok yd
ksmqK;d ixj¾Ok iy laIqø" l=vd yd uOH mßudK
8
jHjidhS .eg¨ ms<sn| jevigyka 183la mj;ajk
,§' mqyqKqlrkakka mqyqKqlrùfï jevigyka
3la o we;=¿j m%dfoaYSh ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j
jevigyka 26la mj;ajd we;s w;r m%dfoaYSh ld¾hd,
u.ska jevigyka 157la mj;ajk ,§'
236
8'6 uQ,H há;, myiqlï
f.ùï iy mshùï moaO;s
mqoa.,hkaf.a iy wdh;kj, f.ùï wjYH;d
imqrd,Su iy rfÜ wd¾Ól lghq;=j,g id¾:lj
myiqlï ie,iSu i|yd rg ;=< fyd|ska l%shd;aul
jk cd;sl f.ùï yd mshùï moaO;shla iy;sl
lsÍu Wfoid uy nexl=j úiska wLKavj lghq;=
lrk ,§' fldúâ-19 jix.;h uOHfha jqj o" uy
nexl=j úiska cd;sl f.ùï moaO;shg we;s wjÞkï
M,ÞhS f,i wju lsÍu u.ska uQ,H moaO;sfha iqug
l%shdldÍ;ajh iy;sl lrk ,§'
i,ld n,kq ,nk jir ;=,§" rg ;=< l%shd;aul
jk úYd, jákdlï iys; f.ùï i|yd jk tlu
úoHq;a f.ùï moaO;sh jk ;;ald,Sk o< mshùï
moaO;sh (RTGS) iy ,xldfilHq (Lanka Secure)
moaO;sfhka iukaú; ,xldfiÜ,a moaO;sh (Lanka
Settle System), M,ÞhS yd ld¾hlaIuj l%shd;aul
lrk ,§' ta wkqj ;;ald,Sk o< mshùï moaO;s
.kqfokq j, jákdlu fmr jir yd ii|k úg
ishhg 28'1l jeäùula jd¾;d lrk ,§' jákdlu
wkqj n,k úg" 2020 jir ;=<§ ;;ald,Sk o<
mshùï moaO;sh yryd isÿ l< .kqfokq j, uq¿
jákdlu uqo,a Ndú;fhka f;drj isÿ l< uq¿
.kqfokq j, jákdlñka ishhg 90'9la úh'
;;ald,Sk o< mshùï moaO;sfhys øjYS,;d wjÞku
wju lr .ekSu i|yd rcfha iq/l=ïm;a wemhg
;ndf.k moaO;sfha øjYS,;d wju iyNd.S;aj
wdh;k fj; fmd,S rys; tlaÈk øjYS,;d myiqlu
iemhSu" uy nexl=j úiska wLKavj isÿ lrk ,§'
i,ld n,k ld,h ;=< §" ;;ald,Sk o< mshùï
moaO;sfhys iyNd.S;aj wdh;k úiska Ndú;d l<
tlaÈk øjYS,;d myiqlfuys idudkH jákdlu
jHdmdßl Èkhlg remsh,a ì,shk 66la úh' i,ld
n,k jir ;=< §" ;;ald,Sk o< mshùï moaO;sh
yryd isÿ lrk wruqo,a mejÍïj, § wh lrkq
,nk .dia;=j tla .kqfokqjla i|yd remsh,a 1"000
isg remsh,a 400la olajd wvq lrk ,§' ta iuÕu"
;;ald,Sk o< mshùï moaO;sfhys fufyhqïlre
f,i uy nexl=j úiska wh lrkq ,nk fufyhqï
.dia;=j tla .kqfokqjla i|yd remsh,a 450 isg
remsh,a 200la olajd wvq lrk ,§'
2020 jir wjidkfha§" ,xldfilHq (Lanka
Secure) i;= uq¿ ks¾f,aÅ; iq/l=ïm;a m%udKh
remsh,a ì,shk ^uqyqK; w.h& 7"340'9la úh' th
 uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj

8'18 ixLHd igyk

f.ùï moaO;s u.ska isÿjQ .kqfokq
2019 ^w& 2020 ^wd&
f.ùï moaO;s m%udKh
^Z000&
jákdlu
^re' ì,shk&
m%udKh
^Z000&
jákdlu
^re' ì,shk&
úYd, mßudKfha f.ùï moaO;s
;;ald,Sk o, mshùï moaO;sh 428 117,151 397 150,051
iq`M mßudKfha f.ùï moaO;s
m%Odk fplam;a ksIaldYk moaO;sh 46,802 9,863 33,631 7,491
Y%S ,xld wka;¾ nexl= f.ùï moaO;sh (SLIPS) 36,612 2,104 36,830 2,257
Kh ldâm;a 50,969 277 44,692 222
yr ldâm;a 71,096 195 75,094 210
wka;¾cd, nexl= lghq;= 36,483 3,875 57,215 4,436
ÿrl:k nexl= lghq;= 17,630 339 27,350 491
;eme,a WmlrK 906 6 646 5
tl;=j 260,926 133,810 275,855 165,162
tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾ fplam;a ksIaldYk moaO;sh 50 49 32 48
^w& ixfYdaê; uQ,h( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
^wd& ;djld,sl

NdKavd.dr ì,am;a remsh,a ì,shk 1"621'4la yd
NdKavd.dr ne÷ïlr remsh,a ì,shk 5"719'5lska
iukaú; úh'
,xldla,sh¾ ^mqoa.,sl& iud.u úiska rg ;=<
fufyhjkq ,nk fplam;a ksIaldYk moaO;sh"
2020 jir ;=<§ iqug f,i l%shd;aul úh' 2019
jir iuÕ iei|Sfï§" 2020 jir ;=<§ fplam;a
ksIaldYk moaO;sh yryd ksIaldYkh l< uq¿
fplam;a m%udKh ishhg 28'1l my; jeàula
jd¾;d l< w;r ksIaldYkh lrk ,o fplam;a j,
uq¿ jákdlu ishhg 24'0lska my; jeáKs'
i,ld n,kq ,nk jir ;=< §" iq¿ mßudK
iuQy f.ùï i|yd m%Odk jYfhka myiqlï i,ik
Y%S ,xld wka;¾ nexl= f.ùï moaO;sfha (Sri Lanka
Interbank Payment System - SLIPS) .kqfokq
m%udKh iy jákdlu ms<sfj,ska ishhg 0'6lska
iy ishhg 7'2lska j¾Okh úh'
f.ùï ldâm;a iy wfkl=;a f.ùï i|yd jQ
fmdÿ hdka;%Kfhys (Common Card and Payment
Switch-CCAPS) m<uq wÈhr jk iajhxl%Sh fg,¾
hka;% wdY%s; fiajd i|yd jQ fmdÿ hdka;%Kh
(Common ATM Switch-CAS) u.ska" tu hdka;%Khg
iïnkaO ´kEu fg,¾ hka;%hlska idudðl uQ,H
olajd ishhg 3'2lska o" remsh,a ì,shk 506'9la olajd
ishhg 19'2lska o j¾Okh úh' 2020 jir wjidkh
jk úg iajhxl%Sh fg,¾ hka;% wdY%s; fiajd i|yd
jQ fmdÿ hdka;%Kh yd iïnkaO ù ;snqKq uQ,H
wdh;k ixLHdj 30la úh' 2015 jir ;=<§ ;ukagu
wh;a iajhxl%Sh f.ùï ldâm;a l<ukdlrK moaO;s
fufyhùï yelshdjla fkdue;s uQ,H wdh;kj,g
fiajd iemhSu i|yd y÷kajd ÿka iajhxl%Sh fg,¾
hka;% i|yd jQ yjq,a hdka;%Kfha (Shared ATM
Switch-SAS), idudðlhska fofofkl= isá w;r"
i,ld n,kq ,nk ld,iSudj ;=< tys fufyhqï
lghq;= iqugj isÿ lrf.k .sfhah'
f.ùï ldâm;a iy wfkl=;a f.ùï i|yd jQ
fmdÿ hdka;%Kfhys ;j;a wÈhrla jk úoHq;a wruqo,a
mejÍu i|yd jQ fmdÿ hdka;%Kh (Common Electronic
Fund Tranfer Switch-CEFTS), idudðl wdh;k
w;r iq¿ mßudK wruqo,a ;;ald,Skj yqjudre
lsÍfï myiqlu ,nd §u i|yd 2015 § Èh;a lf<ah'
2020 jir ;=< § úoHq;a wruqo,a mejÍu i|yd jQ fmdÿ
hdka;%Kh u.ska isÿ l< .kqfokq m%udKh ñ,shk
27'6la olajd ishhg 86'8lska by< .sh w;r tu
.kqfokqj, uq¿ jákdlu remsh,a ì,shk 2"415'3la
olajd ishhg 74'7lska j¾Okh úh' uy nexl=j úiska
úoHq;a wruqo,a mejÍu i|yd jQ fmdÿ hdka;%Kfha

wdh;kj, .kqfokqlrejka yg uqo,a wdmiq .ekSfï
iy fYaIh mÍlaId lsÍfï yelshdj ,ndfoa' 2020
jir ;=< §" iajhxl%Sh fg,¾ hka;% wdY%s; fiajd
i|yd jQ fmdÿ hdka;%Kh yryd isÿ l< .kqfokq
m%udKh iy jákdlu ms<sfj<ska ñ,shk 48'9la
8
.kqfokq isÿ lsÍfï§" .kqfokqlrejkaf.ka wh l<
yels .dia;=" tla .kqfokqjla i|yd remsh,a 50'00
isg remsh,a 30'00la olajd wvq lrk ,o w;r úoHq;a
wruqo,a mejÍu i|yd jQ fmdÿ hdka;%Kfha j.lSï
l<ukdlrK wju iSudjka (Minimum Liability

237
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
Manager Limits) ixfYdaOkh lr úoHq;a f.ùï
moaO;sj, w;sßla; Odß;dj Ndú;h jeä lsÍu
i|yd lghq;= lf<ah'
rcfha wdh;k i|yd ux.; f.ùï (Online
Payments) myiqlï ie,iSug ,xldfma ux.;
f.ùï fõÈldj (LankaPay Online Payment
Platform-LPOPP) 2017 jif¾ § Èh;a lrk
,§' ,xldfma ux.; f.ùï fõÈldj" ±kg rdcH
wdh;k ;=klg ux.; ;;ald,Sk f.ùï myiqlï
i,ikq ,nk w;r i,ld n,kq ,nk jir ;=<§"
uq¿ jákdlu remsh,a ì,shk 66'9la jk .kqfokq
85"010la ,xldfma ux.; f.ùï fõÈldj yryd
isÿlr we;'
uy nexl=j úiska 2018 § LANKAQR hk
fj<| kduh hgf;a foaYSh uqo,a f.ùu i|yd
cd;sl laI‚l m%;spdr (QR) fla; m%ñ;sh wdrïN
lrk ,§' i,ld n,kq ,nk jir ;=<§ LANKAQR
.kqfokq j, uq¿ m%udKh iy jákdlu ms<sfj,ska
159"218 iy remsh,a ñ,shk 539'2la úh' 2020 jir
wjidkfha §" ,shdmÈxÑ LANKAQR fjf<÷ka
m%udKh 169"214la úh' i,ld n,kq ,nk jir
;=< §" uy nexl=j "LANKAQR" f.ùï fhÿï
Ndú;d lrk uQ,H wdh;k iuÕ tlaj zzrg mqrdu
LANKAQR" kñka uyck;dj ±kqïj;a lsÍfï
§mjHdma; jevigyk Èh;a lf<ah'
2013 wxl 1 ork f.ùï ldâm;a iy
cx.u ÿrl:k wdY%s; f.ùï moaO;s i|yd jk
ksfhda.fhys úêúOdk hgf;a f.ùï ldâm;a iy
cx.u ÿrl:k wdY%s; f.ùï moaO;sj, lghq;=
kshdukh yd wëlaIKh" uy nexl=j úiska
wLKavj isÿ lrk ,§' ta wkqj" 2020 jir ;=<§
cd;sl f.ùï ldâm;a fhdackd l%uh hgf;a uQ,H
wdh;k 2la i|yd wkque;sh ,nd ÿka w;r ;j;a
uQ,H wdh;khla i|yd f.ùï ldâm;a ms<sn| uQ,H
w;am;alrefjl= f,i lghq;= lsÍug n,m;% ,nd
ÿkafka h' ;jo" cx.u f.ùï moaO;sj, fiajd
imhkakka fj; mkjd we;s fr.=,disj,g wkql+,
ùu wëlaIKh lsÍfuka cx.u ÿrl:k mokï
lr.;a úoHq;a uqo,a moaO;sj, iqug l%shdldÍ;ajh
iy;sl lsÍu i|yd t;eka mÍlaIK iy ÿria:
8
wdfõlaIK lghq;= isÿ lrk ,§'
rg;=< fldúâ-19 me;sÍ hEu fya;=fjka uy
nexl=j úiska idudkH ck;djf.a f.ùï wjYH;d
imqrd,Su i|yd mshjr lsysmhlau .kakd ,§' tu
238
mshjrj,a w;r" wka;¾cd,h yryd ,shdmÈxÑ ùfï
myiqlï il%Sh lsÍu iy .kqfokqlrejka y÷kd
.ekSfï wjYH;djhka (Know-Your-Customer-KYC)
äðg,a l%uhg l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd ish¿u
n,m;%,dNS nexl= iy n,m;%,dNS uQ,H iud.ïj,g
wkque;sh ,nd§u iy jeäjk ;;ald,Sk .kqfokq
imqrd,Su i|yd f.ùï úi÷ï lsysmhla i|yd mkjd
we;s iSudjka ;djld,slj jeä lsÍu olakg ,enq‚'
uy nexl=j" 2020 jir zzäðg,a .kqfokq jirZZ
f,i m%ldYhg m;a l< w;r jir ;=<§ äðg,a
f.ùï hdka;%Khka ms<sn| mdßfNda.sl ±kqj;aNdjh
jeä lsÍu i|yd jevigyka .Kkdjla l%shd;aul
lf<a h'
uy nexl=j úiska kfjda;amdolhskag kshduk
wjYH;d W,a,x>kh fkdlr Tjqkaf.a ksIamdok
yd fiajdjka mÍCId lsÍug wdrCIs; bvlv ,nd§u
i|yd 2020 jif¾ § ia:dms; lrkq ,enQ uQ,H ;dCIK
kshduk mÍCIK wjldYh ^FinTech Regulatory
Sandbox) i|yd whÿïm;a lsysmhla ,enq‚'
íf,dlafÉka ;dlaIKh (Blockchain Technology)
mokï lr.;a .kqfokqlrejka y÷kd.ekSfï yjq,a
hdka;%Kh (Shared KYC) i|yd ixl,am idOkh
(Proof of Concept) fhoùu iy mÍlaId lsÍu i|yd
uy nexl=j mshjr lsysmhla .kakd ,o w;r" jir
;=<§ f.ùï yd mshùï moaO;s ms<sn| WmfoaYkd;aul
iy wëlaIK lñgqj jk cd;sl f.ùï ljqkais,h
(National Payments Council), újD; nexl=lrKh
(Open Banking) yd äðg,a f.ùï fõÈldj (Digital
Payment Platform) wOHhkh lsÍu i|yd l%shdldÍ
lñgq folla m;a lrk ,§' cd;sl f.ùï ljqkais,h
u.ska f.ùï moaO;s bÈß ±lau wëlaIKh i|yd
jQ l%shdldÍ lñgq yryd 2020-2022 jir i|yd jQ
f.ùï moaO;s bÈß ±lau ;jÿrg;a wëlaIKh lrk
,o w;r tu.ska kj f.ùï ksIamdok y÷kajd§u"
uQ,H lafIa;%fha ld¾hlaIu;dj by< kexùu iy
wjÞkï wLKavj wëlaIKh lsÍu u.ska f.ùï
iy mshùï há;, myiqlï Yla;su;a lsÍu iy
Y%S ,xldj ;=< uQ,H wka;¾.;Ndjh jeä ÈhqKq
lsÍug wfmalaId lrhss'
uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh je<elaùu iy ;%ia;jdohg
uqo,a iemhSu uevmeje;aùu
furg uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh je<elaùfï
iy ;%ia;jdohg uqo,a iemhSu uevmeje;aùfï
flakaøia:dkh jk uQ,H nqoaê tallh" 2020

úfYaI igyk 9
;dlaIK m%;s.%yKh iy ihsn¾ wdrlaIdj flfrys fldúâ -19 ys n,mEï
ye¢kaùu
2020 jir ;=<" fldúâ-19 jix.;h f,dj mqrd
ck;djf.a Ôjk rgdfõ fmr fkdjQ fjkila we;s
lf<ah' idïm%odhsl NdKav yd fiajd i|yd we;s b,a¨u
ie,lsh hq;= f,i fjkia jQ w;r f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh
yd iïnkaO fiajdjka i|yd we;s b,a¨u laI‚lj jeä
úh' fuu kj m%jK;dj,g wkq.; ùu" Okd;aul yd
RKd;aul n,mEï we;s lrk kj fj<|fmd< iy
wjia:djka ks¾udKh lsÍug fya;= úh' j¾;udk
;;a;ajh ;=< wdh;k iy fmdÿ ck;dj w;r wjOdkh
Èkdf.k we;s tjeks m%Odk ud;Dld folla jkafka
ihsn¾ wdrlaIdj iy ihsn¾ wmrdO h'1
f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh mokï lr.;a kj wd¾Ól l%shdldrlï
jix.;h fya;=fjka rgj,a úiska wkq.ukh lrk
,o ixprK iSud lsÍï ksid idïm%odhsl wd¾Ól
l%shdldrlï ys kj m%jK;d u;= úh' f;dr;=re
;dlaIKh yd wod< fiajdjka u; fndfydaÿrg r|d
mj;sk tjeks m%Odk m%jK;d lsysmhla my; bÈßm;a
lr we;'
w& ksjfia isg rdcldß lsÍu
jix.;fha m<uq /,a, w;r;=r" fndfyda rgj,g
ie,lsh hq;= mQ¾j w;aoelSï fyda jix.;fhka mek
k.sk kj ;;a;ajhkag uqyqK §ug iQodkula fkd;snq‚'
ffjrih me;sÍu uevmeje;aùu i|yd rgj,a mqrd
laI‚l m%;spdrh jQfha úúOdldrfha ixprK iSud
mekùuhs' fuu yÈis fjki fya;=fjka fN!;sl
fiajd ia:dkj, isg fiajh l, fiajlhskag ksjfia
isg rdcldß lsÍfï l%uh fj; läkñka udre ùug
isÿ úh' ta i|yd iqÿiq há;, myiqlï fiajlhskag
fyda wdh;kj,g m%udKj;aj fkd;snq‚' fuu .eg¨j
,emafgdma jeks WmlrK iïnkaOfhka muKla fkdj"
wdh;ksl moaO;s iy cd, fj; wdrlaIs;j m%fõY ùu
iïnkaOfhka o ksÍlaIKh úh' Bfï,a iy wka;¾cd,
Ndú;h jeä ùug wu;rj" fndfyda wdh;k fï i|yd
w;:H mqoa.,sl cd, (VPN)Ndú;d l<y' ;jo" uyd
1 ihsn¾wdrlaIdj hkq mß.Kl moaO;s" cd," jevigyka"
Wmdx. iy o;a;" ihsn¾ m%ydr" ydks fyda wkjir
m%fõYhkaf.ka wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd ;dlaIKhka" l%shdj,s
iy md,khka fh§uhs' ihsn¾ wmrdO hkq mß.Klhla"
cd,.; Wmdx.hla fyda cd,hla iïnkaO ´kEu idmrdë
l%shdjls' fndfyda ihsn¾ wmrdO isÿ lrkq ,nkafka ihsn¾
wmrdOlrejkag ,dN Wmhd .ekSu i|yd jk w;r" iuyr
ihsn¾ wmrdO mß.Kl fyda Wmdx.j,g Rcqju ydks
lsÍug fyda wl%S%h lsÍug isÿ lrkq ,nk w;r wksIag
uDÿldx." kS;s úfrdaë f;dr;=re" rEm fyda fjk;a øjH
jHdma; lsÍu i|yd mß.Kl fyda cd, Ndú;d lrhs'
uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj
mßudKfhka rdcldß lghq;= lsÍu i|yd mqoa.,sl
Wmdx. Ndú;d lsÍu" b;d flá ld,hla ;=< wdrïN
úh' ms<s.;a m%ñ;Skag wkql+,j fuu mqoa.,sl Wmdx.
fndfyduhla m%udKj;a f,i iqrlaIs; lr fkd;snq‚'
wd& ux.; bf.kSu
wOHdmk wdh;k jßka jr jid oeóug isÿ jQ ksid
ish¨u wOHdmk lghq;= iQï (Zoom) iy uhsfl%dfid*aÜ
àïia (Microsoft Teams) jeks wka;¾cd, bf.kqï
udOH Tiafia isÿ lsÍug .=rejre iy lÓldpd¾hjre
we;=¿ b.ekaùfï ld¾h uKav, fhduq jQy' fuys§
isiqkag iyNd.S ùfï yelshdj j¾Okh lsÍu i|yd
wka;¾cd, bf.kqï udOH fyda ta yd iudk jÜiawema
(WhatsApp) jeks fjk;a udOH Ndú;d lrñka mdvï
iy mejreï fnod fok ,§' fmr mdi,a isiqyq mjd
wka;¾cd,h yryd .=rejreka iuÕ úkdä 30 isg meh
1 olajd bf.kqï ieis wdrïN l<y' fouõmshkaf.a
jeä md,khla fyda wjOdkhla fkdue;sj fmrg jvd
È.= ld,hla wka;¾cd, myiqlï iys; cx.u Wmdx.
Ndú;d lsÍug fuys§ isiqkag wjia:dj ysñ úh'
we& B-jd‚cHh (E-commerce)
idïm%odhsl f,i fj<| ie,a yryd NdKav wf<ú
lsÍfï fhÿkq fndfyda fjf<kafoda fõ.fhka ux.;
úl=Kqï l%u fj; fhduq jQy' ta w;ru" fldúâ-19
fõ.fhka me;sÍu je<elaùu i|yd mek jQ iudc wd¾Ól
lghq;= iSud lsÍu iy ixprK iSudjka fya;=fjka
.kqfokqlrefjda o fõ.fhka wka;¾cd, ñ,§ .ekSï
fj; fhduq jQy' úl=Kqïlrejka iy .kqfokqlrejka
b;d flá ld,hla ;=< uyd mßudK jYfhka ux.;
fõÈldj,g fhduq jqjo" wod< moaO;s Bg iß,k mßÈ
ilia ù fkd;sîfuka tajd ì|jeàïj,g ,laúh'
jix.;h ie,ls,a,g .ksñka fN!;sl uqo,a Ndú;h
wvq ùula isÿ jQ w;r fï ksid o ux.; .kqfokq by<
hEu isÿ úh'
wE& ux.; uQ,H fiajd
fndfyda nexl= iy uQ,H wdh;k" ;u .kqfokqlrejkag
nexl= YdLd fj; hEu wju lsÍu i|yd ux.; uQ,H
fiajd Ndú;d lsÍug Wkkaÿ lf<ah' fuys m%;sM,hla
f,i wka;¾cd, nexl= fjí wvú iy cx.u fhÿï
Ndú;h jeä úh' f;dr;=re idlaIr;d uÜgu wvq
8
mqoa.,hskag ffoksl wjYH;d i|yd fuu ux.; uQ,H
fiajd Ndú;d lsÍug isÿ jQ w;r uQ,H fiajdjkays
m%fõYh mq¿,a lsÍu i|yd fkdfhl=;a iSudjka ,sys,a
lsÍug o isÿ úh'
239
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
b& ixprK iSud fya;=fjka ux.; /iaùï iy iïuka;%K
(virtual meetings and conferences) meje;aùu
jix.;h fya;=fjka mekjqKq ixprK iSud iy iudc
ÿria: ks¾foaYhka iuÕ mqoa., /iaùï iy iïuka;%K"
ux.; l%ufõo Tiafia meje;aùug wdh;kj,g isÿ
úh' ux.; /iaùï uq¿ukskau kj ixl,amhla fkdjqk
o" th ie,lsh hq;= fiajl msßilg" idfmalaIj kj
w;aoelSula úh' úúO wdh;k fï i|yd úúO fuj,ï
Ndú;d l< neúka th o;a; iqrlaIs;;djhg wNsfhda.
lsysmhla t,a, lf<ah' nqoaêuh foam< iy fj<| ryia
we;=¿ mq¿,a mrdihl ryiH f;dr;=re wka;¾cd,h
yryd fnod.; hq;= jQ w;r /iaùï lghq;=j,
ryiHNdjh wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd w;HjYH wdrlaIl
mshjrhka ms<sn|j fndfyda /iaùï ixúOdhlhka iy
iyNd.sjkakka oek isáfha ke;'
jix.;h fya;=fjka by< .sh wka;¾cd, Ndú;h ksid
j¾Okh jQ ihsn¾ wmrdO
w& ;;=ndk ^phishing& Bfï,a
ksjfia isg rdcldß lsÍu" ihsn¾ wmrdOlrejkag úúO
j¾.fha ihsn¾ m%ydr Èh;a lsÍug lÈu wjia:djla
ks¾udKh lr ÿks' fuu m%ydr j,ska fndfyduhla
wdrïN jQfha whdÑ; ;eme,a $ ;;=ndk Bfï,aj,ska
(spam/phishing email) jk w;r tuÕska Bfï,a Ndú;d
lrkakkaf.a ixfõ§ yd ryiH f;dr;=re" Tjqkaf.a
wkqoekqulska f;drj fkdokakd f;jk md¾Yjhlg
fy<s lsÍug" Bfï,a mßYS,lhskaj fmd<Ujhs' iuyr
;;=nEï Bfï,a ks¾udKh lrk ,oafoa ksYaÑ; mqoa.,hska
fyda ixúOdkhla b,lal lr .ksñks' fuu ;;=nEï
Bfï,a b;d ixlS¾K l%u Ndú;d lrñka" whdÑ; ;eme,a
fmryka (spam filter) u. yer mßYS,lhskaf.a Bfï,a
moaO;s fj; <Õd fõ' fuu ish¨ f;dr;=re tla/ia
lsÍfuka miqj ihsn¾ wmrdOlrejkag jHdmdrj, b;d
;SrKd;aul f;dr;=re moaO;s fj; ihsn¾ m%ydr
ie,iqï lsÍug iy l%shd;aul lsÍug yels jQ w;r
tu.ska uQ,H m%;s,dN ,nd .ekSug o yels úh'
wd& Wmdx. fmdÿfõ Ndú;d lsÍu iy wkjir uDÿldx.
Ndú;h'
fndfyda isiqkag Tjqkaf.a wOHhk lghq;= i|yd
foudmshkaf.a Wmdx. fnod .ekSug isÿ jk w;r ihsn¾
m%ydrlhska úiska fuu isiqka b,lal lr .ksñka
ihsn¾ m%ydr Èh;a lrk ,§' fuys§ wksIag fjí wvú
fj; msúi fkdñf,a ,efnk uDÿldx. iy mß.Kl
l%Svd nd.; lr fuu Wmdx. fj; ia:dmkh lsÍug
isiQyq keUqre fj;s' fkdñf,a ,efnk fuu uDÿldx.
fndfyduhla iuÕ f;dr;=re fidrlï lsÍu" h;=re
f,d.kh2 (keylogging) iy wka;¾cd,hg iïnkaO
8
2 mß.Kl h;=re mqjrejl ish¨u h;=re tîu ryis.;j
ksÍlaIK fuj,ula f,i fyda T;a;= uDÿldx. f,i má.;
lsÍu i|yd uDÿldx. jevigykla fyda oDvdx. Wmdx.hla
^h;=re mqjrej& Ndú;d lsÍu
240
fjk;a Wmdx.j,g ihsn¾ m%ydr Èh;a lrk fndÜia3
(bot) f,i l%shd lsÍu jeks úúO wruqKq i|yd Ndú;d
lrk wksIag uDÿldx. ls%hd;aul fõ'
we& jHdc fjí wvú $ fhÿï
B-jd‚cHfha W;amd;h iu. ihsn¾ wmrdOlrejkag"
;;=ndk Bfï,a (spam email) heùfuka iy wka;¾cd,
fj<|ie,la" nexl= fjí wvúhla f,i ujdmdñka jHdc
fjí wvú fyda cx.u fhÿï ieliSu u.ska" Khm;a
(credit card) úia;r jeks .kqfokqlrejkaf.a ixfõ§
o;a; fidrlï lsÍu b;d myiqfjka lr .; yels úh'
iuyr ixúOdkd;aul wmrdOlrefjda úkaÈ;hskaf.ka
ixfõ§ o;a; fidrlï lr úkaÈ;hskag wh;a nexl=
.sKqï i|yd ux.; nexl= me;slv ks¾udKh lr fuu
.sKqïj, uqo,a fidrlï lr;s'
wE& f;dr;=re wdrlaIK wjOdkh ke;sùu
ksjfia isg rdcldß lsÍu" ÿria: m%fõYh iy fjk;a
wjYH;d i|yd we;s b,a¨u jeäùu;a iuÕ fndfyda
wdh;kj, f;dr;=re iqrlaIs;;dj flfrys ;snq
wjOdkh .s,syS f.dia we;' f;dr;=re wdrlaIK
jD;a;slhka o ksjfia isg jev lrk úg iy Tjqkaf.a
wjOdkh fjk;a kj wNsfhda.hka fj; fhduq jk
úg" ihsn¾ wdrlaIdj yd iïnkaO fmdÿ ld¾hhka
^moaO;s hdj;ald,Sk lsÍï" meÉ l<ukdlrKh"
f,d.a wëlaIKh" wdrlaIl isÿùï ms<sn| úu¾Ykh&
wjOdkhg ,la fkdjk w;r fuu ;;a;ajhka o ihsn¾
m%ydrlhskag fyd| wjia:djla imhhs'
bÈß mshjr
jix.;fha meje;au flá l,la úh yels jqjo" tys
n,mEu bÈß jir lsysmh ;=< mj;skq we;' tneúka"
kj iïu;hkag wkql+,j bÈßhg hEug iy ihsn¾
wdrlaIKh iy ihsn¾ m%;sfrdaOh jeäÈhqKq lsÍug
wdh;kj,g fláld,Sk" uOH ld,Sk yd È.= ld,Sk
ie,iqï ;sîu w;HjYH fõ'
w& ihsn¾ m%ydr i|yd Tfrd;a;= §fï yelshdj Yla;su;a
lsÍu
ihsn¾ wmrdO ms<sn| kùlrKh b;d fõ.fhka
by< hk ksid b;d by< uÜgfï ihsn¾ wdrlaIK
mshjrhka wkq.ukh l< wdh;kj,g mjd Tjqka
ihsn¾ m%ydrj,ska iïmQ¾Kfhkau wdrlaId ù we;s njg
iy;sl ùug fkdyels ù ;sfí' iuyr wksIag uDÿldx.
ienE m%ydrhla t,a, lsÍug fmr Èk 240 la jeks È.=
ld,hla wdh;khl mß.Kl cd,hl wkdjrKh
fkdù isáh yels hehs úYajdi flf¾' tuksid" fndfyda
wdh;k oeka wjOdkh fhduq lrkafka ihsn¾ m%ydr
3 iajhxl%Shfyda wju ñksia ueÈy;aùulska ine|s fijqï
f,i úOdk l%shd;aul lsÍug" m‚úvj,g ms<s;=re §ug
fyda idudkH ld¾hhka l< yels uDÿldx. jevigykls

i|yd Tfrd;a;= §fï yelshdj ,nd .ekSu i|yd h'
thska woyia jkafka" ihsn¾ m%ydrhla u.ska f;dr;=re
;dlaIK moaO;s wl%Sh lrkq ,enqjfyd;a" wju
n,mEulska hq;=j wdh;khg ish idudkH l%shdldß;ajh
kej; wdrïN l< yels njhs' j,dl=¿ mß.KllrKh
(cloud computing) we;=¿ f;dr;=re ;dlaIK há;,
myiqlï l¾udka;fha j¾Okhka uÕska jHdmdrj,g
wjYH ihsn¾ Tfrd;a;= §fï yelshdj <Õd lr .ekSug
yels ù ;sfí'
wd& jix.; wdY%s; ;;a;ajhka i|yd jHdmdr wLKav
ie,iqïlrKh ^Business Continuity Planning&
uQ,H wxYh we;=¿ fndfyda l¾udka; i|yd jHdmdr
wLKav jevigyka ie,iqï lsÍu" mÍlaId lsÍu iy
l%shd;aul lsÍu wksjd¾h fõ' fuu jHdmdr wLKav
jevigykaj,ska fndfyduhla iajdNdúl fyda ñksid
úiska idok ,o jHik" ;dlaI‚l wiu;aùï jeks
mÍlaIK wjia:d wdjrKh lrhs' flfia fj;;a"
jix.; wdY%s; jHdmdr wLKav jevigyka fndfyda
ixúOdk ;=< l%shd;aul lr fyda mÍlaId lr fkdue;s
nj ksÍlaIKh úh' jix.; wjia:djl úfYaI;ajh kï
iudc wd¾Ól lghq;= iSud lsÍu fya;=fjka f;dr;=re
moaO;s i|yd fN!;sl m%fõYh ,nd .; fkdyels ùu
iy tajd yiqrejk úfYaI mqoa.,hska fkdue;s ùuh'
fujeks wjia:djl f;dr;=re wdrlaIl jD;a;slhka f.a
N+ñldj bgq l, yels fjk;a fiajlhka imhd .ekSu
wdh;kj,g ÿIalr úh yelsh' fuu fiajlhskag
jix.;h n,mdkafka kï" th tu úfYaIs; fiajd
lafIa;%fha ßla;hla we;s lrhs' tneúka" wdh;kj,g
Tjqkaf.a jHdmdr wLKav ie,iqïlrKh i|yd ÿria:
jev lsÍfï úêúOdk iy m%udKj;a udkj iïm;a
we;=<;a lsÍu w;HjYH fõ'
we& m%udKj;a whjehla fjka lsÍu
ksjfia isg jev lsÍfï kj iïu;hka iuÕ" iSñ;
m%fõYhka iy fjk;a oeä md,khkaf.ka wdrlaId l<
f;dr;=re moaO;s wdrlaId lsÍu wdh;kj,g w;sYhska
ÿIalr ù we;' fuu kj myiqlï i|yd bv fok w;ru"
wdh;k Tjqkaf.a f;dr;=re ;dlaIK j;alï wdrlaId
lsÍu i|yd flá yd È.= ld,Sk ie,iqï l%shd;aul
l< hq;=h' ihsn¾ wdrlaIdj i|yd úYd, msßjehla
oeÍug isÿ jk w;r f;dr;=re iqrlaIs;;dj i|yd
whjehla fjka lsÍu úYd, mßudKfha wdh;kj,g
mjd wmyiqh' f;dr;=re iqrlaIs;;djhg wod< iïm;a
fnod yod .ekSu i|yd úúO lafIa;% ;=< wdh;k w;r
iyfhda.s;dj È.= ld,Skj ieug m%fhdackj;a jkq
we;' fláld,Skj" wdh;k ;u f;dr;=re ;dlaIK
j;alï wdrlaId lr .ekSu i|yd mj;sk ihsn¾
wdrlaIK iïm;a Wmßu f,i Ndú;d lsÍu flfrys
jeä wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;=h'
uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj
wE& mßYS,l oekqj;aNdjh
ihsn¾ wdrlaIKfha jeo.;au wx.h f,i mßYS,l
oekqj;aNdjh ie,lsh yelsh" thg fya;=j jkafka
moaO;s ÿ¾j,;d ks¾udKh lr ihsn¾ wmrdOlrejkag
wdh;ksl moaO;sj,g we;=¿ùug u. i,ikafka
mßYS,lhka jk neúks' rdcldß yd fm!oa.,sl
ld¾hhka w;r meyeÈ,s fjkila fkdmj;sk w;r ks,
ld¾hhka i|yd mqoa.,sl Wmdx.;a mqoa.,sl ld¾hhka
i|yd ks, Wmdx.;a Ndú;d lsÍu ks;ru isÿ fõ'
tneúka" wjYH wdrlaIl wx. iuÕ tjeks WmlrK ksis
f,i kv;a;= fkdflf¾ kï fuh o ihsn¾ wdrlaIdjg
wjodkula fõ' mßYS,lfhda fndfydaúg fuu wjodkï
.ek oek fkdisá;s' tneúka" ihsn¾ wdrlaIdj
ms<sn|j jvd;a oekqj;a ùu iy wdrlaIs;j isàu iEu
wfhl=f.au j.lSuls' fiajlhska w;r mßYS,l
oekqj;aNdjh we;s lsÍu flfrys wdh;k jeä
wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;=h' mdi,a yd úYaj úoHd, o
th wkq.ukh l< hq;=h'
b& cd;sl mß.Kl isÿùï m%;spdr lKavdhï ^CIRTs&
iuÕ iómj lghq;= lsÍu
rgla ;=< ihsn¾ m%ydrhkag" ihsn¾ wdrlaIK m%;spdr
iïnkaëlrKh lsÍu i|yd cd;sl uOHia:dkh f,i
fiajh lrk mß.Kl isÿùï m%;spdr lKavdhï
fndfyda rgj, msysgqjd we;' fï i|yd Y%S ,xldfõ
msysgqjd we;s wdh;kh jkafka Y%S ,xld mß.Kl yÈis
m%;spdr ixiohhs (Sri Lanka CERT). Tjqkaf.a fufyjr
jkafka rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha wdh;kj, iy
idudkH ck;dj w;r f;dr;=re ;dlaIK Ndú;d
lrkakka wdrlaId lsÍu h' tneúka" ´kEu mqoa.,fhl=g
fyda ixúOdkhlg wjYH úfgl ihsn¾ wdrlaIKh
iïnkaOfhka Tjqkaf.a fiajdjka iy WmfoaYkh ,nd
.; yelsh'
iudma;sh
jix.; ;;a;ajh;a iu. Woa.; ù we;s ihsn¾ ;¾ck
ie,ls,a,g .ksñka ihsn¾ wdrlaIKh" wdh;k
uKav, ;=, úfYaI wjOdkhg ,la jk ud;Dldjla
njg m;a úh hq;=h' jix.;fha fojk /,a, yryd
.uka lrk w;r;=r ;=kajk /,a,la we;s úh yels
njg ie,ls,su;a fjñka iEu wdh;khla u ihsn¾
m%ydr je<elaùfï mshjr l%shd;aul l< hq;= w;r
ihsn¾ m%ydr y÷kd .ekSu" m%;spdr oelaùu iy
m%;sidOk yelshdjka Yla;su;a lr .; hq;=h' wo
mj;sk iïnkaê; f,dalfha ihsn¾ wmrdO j,ska
wdrlaId ùu iEu mqoa.,fhl=f.au j.lSuls' ta w;ru"
8
ihsn¾ wmrdOj,g tfrysj igka lsÍug iy j¾;udk
iy wkd.; mrïmrdjka i|yd wdrlaIs; f,dalhla
f.dvke.Sug wdh;ksl" wdxYsl" cd;sl iy cd;Hka;r
uÜgñka iduQysl m%fõYhla wjYH fõ'
241
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
jir ;=< §" fldúâ-19 jix.;h we;=¿ wNsfhda.
/ila uOHfha" ish uQ,sl ld¾hhka cd;Hka;r
m%ñ;Skag wkql+,j wLKavj isÿ lf<ah' 2006 wxl
6 ork uqo,a .kqfokq jd¾;d lsÍfï mk; m%ldrj"
uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh$;%ia;jdohg uqo,a iemhSu
fyda fjk;a ´kEu kS;s úfrdaë l%shdldrlula
iïnkaOfhka iel lghq;= uQ,H .kqfokq ms<sn|
f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSfï" úYaf,aIKh lsÍfï iy
fnÞ yeÍfï m%Odk ld¾hNdrh uQ,H nqoaê tallh
úiska bgq lrk ,§' 2020 jir ;=< §" jd¾;dlrK
wdh;k" kS;sh l%shd;aul lsÍfï wdh;k" kshduk
wêldÍka iy idudkH ck;dj uQ,H nqoaê
tallh fj; iel lghq;= .kqfokq jd¾;d 3"665la
jd¾;d lrk ,§' iel lghq;= .kqfokq jd¾;d
yryd ,nd.;a f;dr;=re" úúO uQ,dY%j,ska ,nd.;a
fjk;a wÞ< f;dr;=re iuÕ úYaf,aIKh lsÍfuka
wk;=rej" jeäÿr úu¾Yk isÿ lsÍu fyda kshduk
l%shdud¾. .ekSu i|yd" jir ;=< § iel lghq;=
.kqfokq jd¾;d 2"825la wÞ< kS;sh l%shd;aul
lsÍfï wdh;k iy kshduk wêldßka fj; wjYH
wjia:djkays § fhduq lr we;' ;jo" uqo,a .kqfokq
jd¾;d lsÍfï mkf;a 6 jk j.ka;sh m%ldrj" wÞ<
jd¾;d lsÍfï iSudj jk remsh,a ñ,shk 1'0la fyda
´kEu úfoaY uqo,a j¾.hlska Bg iudk m%udKhla
blaujk uqo,a .kqfokq jd¾;d iy úoHq;a uqo,a
fma%IK ^foaYSh yd úfoaYSh& jd¾;dlrK wdh;k
úiska uQ,H nqoaê tallh fj; wLKavj jd¾;d
lrk ,§' ta wkqj" jir ;=< § uqo,a .kqfokq jd¾;d
ñ,shk 4'6la iy úoHq;a uqo,a fm%aIK ñ,shk 7'3la
uQ,H nqoaê tallh fj; jd¾;d úh'
uqo,a .kqfokq jd¾;d lsÍfï mk;" 2016 wxl
01 ork uQ,H wdh;k ^.kqfokqlrejka ms<sn|
ksis Woafhda.fhka l%shd lsÍfï& Í;s" iy uqo,a
.kqfokq jd¾;d lsÍfï mk; hgf;a ksl=;a lrk
,o fr.=,disj, olajd we;s uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh
je<elaùfï iy ;%ia;jdohg uqo,a iemhSu
uevmeje;aùfï wjYH;djka yd iïnkaO wdh;ksl
wkql+,;dj iy;sl lsÍu i|yd" 2020 jir ;=<§
uQ,H nqoaê tallh úiska uQ,H wdh;k iy kï lrk
,o uQ,H fkdjk jHdmdr yd jD;a;Ska iïnkaOfhka
wjÞku u; mokï jQ t;eka mÍlaIK wLKavj isÿ
8
lrk ,§' uQ,H nqoaê tallh úiska 2020 jif¾ §"
uQ,H wdh;k wdjrKh lrñka" wxY úfYaIs;
kshdulhska iuÕ mj;ajk ,o taldnoaO mÍlaIK
o we;=¿j" wjÞku u; mokï jQ t;eka mÍlaIK
11la" miq úmrï mÍlaIK 7la iy ia:dkSh t;eka
242
mÍlaIK 16la isÿ lrk ,§' ;jo" by< wjÞkï
iys;" kï lrk ,o uQ,H fkdjk jHdmdr yd
jD;a;Ska jk foam< fj<|dï ksfhdað;hska iy
ue‚la yd iaj¾KdNrK wf,úlrejka wdjrKh
jk mßÈ wjÞku u; mokï jQ t;eka mÍlaIK
11la iy miq úmrï mÍlaIK 7la mj;ajk ,§'
2020 jif¾ § mj;ajk ,o mÍlaIK u; mokïj"
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdrlaIl uKav, iïndOlj,g
wÞ< msßlaiqï lsÍu iïnkaOfhka jk"
.kqfokqlrejka ms<sn| ksis Woafhda.fhka l%shd
lsÍfï Í;s W,a,x>kh lsÍu i|yd uQ,H wdh;k
3la u; remsh,a ñ,shk 2'3 l iuia; ov uqo,la
mkjk ,§' ;jo" uqo,a .kqfokq jd¾;d lsÍfï
mkf;a m%;smdok iy .kqfokqlrejka ms<sn| ksis
Woafhda.fhka l%shd lsÍfï Í;s yd thg wÞ<j ksl=;a
lrk ,o fr.=,disj,g wkql+, fkdjQ uQ,H wdh;k
fj;" y÷kd.;a ÿ¾j,;d ±kqï §fï ,sms 14la iy
fya;= úuiSfï ,sms 8la ksl=;a lrk ,§' y÷kd.;a
ÿ¾j,;d ±kqï foñka" uQ,H nqoaê tallh úiska
kï lrk ,o uQ,H fkdjk jHdmdr yd jD;a;Ska
15la fj; o ,sms ksl=;a lrk ,§' ;jo" fldúâ-19
jix.;h fya;=fjka Tjqkaf.a jHdmdßl lghq;=j,g
isÿ jQ n,mEu y÷kd.ekSu i|yd 2020 jif¾ cQ,s
udifha§" kï lrk ,o uQ,H fkdjk jHdmdr yd
jD;a;Ska i|yd uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh$;%ia;jdohg
uqo,a iemhSfï wjÞkï iïnkaOfhka w;=re ÿria:
;lafiarejla isÿ lf<ah'
ish¨ md¾Yajlrejka w;r ±kqïj;aNdjh
jeäÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd uQ,H nqoaê tallh úiska úúO
mshjr .kakd ,§' uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh je<elaùfï
iy ;%ia;jdohg uqo,a iemhSu uevmeje;aùfï
wëlaIK l%shdj,sh iy wdh;ksl wkql+,;dj
Yla;su;a lsÍu i|yd" 2020 jir ;=< § uQ,H nqoaê
tallh úiska ud¾f.damfoaY iy pl%f,aL lsysmhla
ksl=;a lrk ,o w;r ±kqj;a lsÍfï jevigyka
o mj;ajk ,§' kS;súfrdaë u;aøjH fj<|dug
iïnkaO uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh je<elaùu ms‚i kS;sh
l%shd;aul lsÍfï wdh;kj, m%h;akhka ;jÿrg;a
Yla;su;a lsÍu i|yd uQ,H nqoaê tallh úiska
úu¾Ylhska iy uQ,H wdh;kj, wOHlaI uKav,
yd fcHIaG l<ukdldÍ;ajh i|yd jevuq¿ mj;ajk
,§' 2020 jif¾ §" uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh$;%ia;jdohg
uqo,a iemhSu iy ta wdY%s; wmrdO iïnkaOfhka
nqoaê f;dr;=re yqjudre lr .ekSu i|yd uQ,H nqoaê
tallh" cd;sl nqoaê wxY m%OdkS iuÕ wjfndaO;d
.súiqulg t<eô w;r" ta wkqj uQ,H nqoaê tallh"

foaYSh ksfhdað; wdh;k iuÕ w;aika ;nk ,o
wjfndaO;d .súiqï .Kk 12la olajd by< .sfhah'
2020 jif¾ uehs udifha§ hqfrdamd fldñiu
úiska uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh je<elaùfï iy
;%ia;jdohg uqo,a iemhSu uevmeje;aùfï
Wmdhud¾.sl ÿ¾j,;d iïnkaOfhka by<
wjÞkï iys; ;=kajk md¾Yajfha rgj,a
,ehsia;=fjka Y%S ,xldj bj;a lrk ,§' 2017
Tlaf;dan¾ udifha§ uQ,H ld¾h idOl n,ldh
úiska Y%S ,xldj uqo,a úY=oaêlrKh je<elaùfï
iy ;%ia;jdohg uqo,a iemhSu uevmeje;aùfï
Wmdhud¾.sl ÿ¾j,;d iys; rgla f,i zw¿
f,aLKZ .; lsÍfuka wk;=rej" 2018 fmnrjdß
udifha § hqfrdamd fldñiu úiska by< wjÞkï
iys; ;=kajk md¾Yajfha rgla f,i Y%S ,xldj
,ehsia;=.; lrk ,§' uQ,H ld¾h idOl n,ldh
úiska Y%S ,xldj w¿ f,aLKfhka bj;a lsÍfuka
miqj" 2020 jif¾ uehs udifha§ hqfrdamd ix.uh
ish by< wjÞkï iys; ;=kajk md¾Yajfha rgj,a
,ehsia;=fjka Y%S ,xldj bj;a lrk ,§' uQ,H
ld¾h idOl n,ldh iy hqfrdamd ix.uh úiska
by; i|yka ,ehsia;=j,ska Y%S ,xldj bj;a lsÍu
fya;=fjka miq.sh jirj, mej;s wys;lr m%;súmdl
my jkq we;s w;r" rfÜ Okd;aul wd¾Ól ±lau iy
uQ,H moaO;sfha úYajdikSh;ajh ;jÿrg;a Yla;su;a
jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf¾'
uQ,H lafIa;%hg iïnkaO kS;s m%;sixialrK
uy nexl=j fj; mjrd we;s kshduk iy
wëlaIK n,;, Yla;su;a lsÍfï iy jeäÈhqKq
lsÍfï wruqKq we;sj uy nexl=j úiska mßmd,kh
lrkq ,nk m%Odk jHjia:d jk nexl= mk;" uqo,a
jHdmdr mk;" iy ,shdmÈxÑ ialkaO iy iq/
l=ïm;a wd× mk; i|yd kS;s m%;sixialrK y÷kajd
§u 2020 jir ;=<§ wLKavj l%shd;aul lrk ,§'
uqo,a jHdmdr mk;g y÷kajd fok ,o ixfYdaOk
;=<ska nexl= fkdjk uQ,H iud.ï iïnkaOfhka
kshduk iy wëlaIK n,;, j¾Okh jk w;r
kj nexl= mk; y÷kajd §u ;=<ska n,m;%,dNS nexl=
wëlaIKh iy kshdukh lsÍu" úia;S¾K hymd,k
wjYH;djhka jeäÈhqKq lsÍu iy M,ÞhS ksrdlrK
l%ufõo moaO;shla we;s lsÍu i|yd Yla;su;a mokula
iemfhkq we;' óg wu;rj uy nexl=j ,shdmÈxÑ
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mk;g ixfYdaOk flgqïm;a lsÍfuyso ksr; úh'
uQ,H wxYfha ls%hdld¯;ajh iy moaO;s ia:dhS;dj
tfiau iudf,daÑ; jir ;=<§ ksYaldIK" mshùu yd
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iy bf,lafg%dksl .kqfokq lsÍfï fõÈldjla
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ffk;sl rduqfjys nrm;, fjkialï isÿlsÍug
wÞ,j uy nexl=j ish m%d.aOk fj<|fmd< ixj¾Ok
jHdmD;sh hgf;a nyqúO l%shdud¾. .kakd ,§'
uQ,H mdßfNda.sl wdrlaIKh
uy nexl=j kshdukh lrkq ,nk wdh;k
iïnkaOfhka Y%S ,xldfõ uQ,H mdßfNda.sl
wdrlaIK rduqj Yla;su;a lsÍu wruqK lr.ksñka
uy nexl=j hgf;a fjku fomd¾;fïka;=jla f,i
uQ,H mdßfNda.sl in|;d fomd¾;fïka;=j 2020
jif¾ wf.daia;= ui ia:dms; lf<ah'
fuu fomd¾;fïka;=j u.ska" uQ,H
mdßfNda.sl meñ‚,s yeisrùfï l%shdj,sh úêu;a
lsÍu" mj;akd uQ,H mdßfNda.sl wdrlaIK kS;s
ixfYdaOkh lsÍu u.ska fyda kj kS;s iïmdokh
u.ska uQ,H mdßfNda.sl wdrlaIKh i|yd myiqlï
ie,iSug iqÿiq ffk;sl m%;smdok y÷kajd§u" iy
úfYaI mdßfNda.sl meñ‚,s i|yd mÍlaIK fyda
úu¾Yk meje;aùu jeks ld¾hhka we;=¿ uQ,H
mdßfNda.sl wdrlaIK lghq;= lsÍug wfmalaId
flfrhs' ta wkqj" fuu jevms<sfj, ;=< uQ,H
mdßfNda.sl wdrlaIKh yd iïnkaO .eg¨ i|yd
läkï mshjr .ekSug wêldÍka fj; wjYH n,h
,ndfok w;r tu.ska uQ,H moaO;sfha ia:dhS;djh
Yla;su;a lsÍug myiqlï ie,fikq we;'
2020 jif¾ wf.daia;= ui isg 2020 jir wjika
jk úg uQ,H mdßfNda.sl in|;d fomd¾;fïka;=j
úiska 22"000lg wêl ÿrl:k weu;=ï ixLHdjla
i|yd m%;spdr olajd we;s w;r tu ld,h ;=< *elaia"
úoHq;a ;eme,a yd ,sms u.ska ,o uQ,H mdßfNda.sl
meñ‚,s$ÿla.ekú,s ixLHdj 3"500 lg wêl fõ' tu
meñ‚,s$ÿla.ekú,s w;ßka ishhg 44la muK
n,m;%,dNS jd‚c nexl= yd n,m;%,dNS úfYaIs;
nexl= yd iïnkaO jk w;r ishhg 35la muK
8
n,m;%,dNS uQ,H iud.ï iy ,shdmÈxÑ l,anÿ
uQ,HlrK wdh;khkag iïnkaO fõ' ;jo"
uy nexl=j úiska kshdukh fkdlrkq ,nk
wdh;k iïnkaOfhka jQ meñ‚,s$ÿla.ekú,s
ishhg 13la muK jQ w;r uQ,H mdßfNda.sl
243
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
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uQ,H wdh;k 6g wÞ<j fõ' tfiau" ishhg 2la
muK meñ‚,s Y%S ,xldj ;=< l%shd;aul jk wjir
fkd,;a uQ,H jHdmdr iïnkaOfhka úh' uQ,H
mdßfNda.sl in|;d fomd¾;fïka;=j fj; fhduq
lrk ,o meñ‚,s iy ÿla.ekú,sj, iajNdjh
i,ld ne,Sfï§" uQ,H myiqlï i|yd by< fmd,S
wkqmd;hka whlsÍu" whlrkq ,nk ov fmd,S
wkqmd; b;d by< w.hla .ekSu" .súiqï ld,hg
fmr Kh uqo, mshùfï§ b;d by< msßjehla
mdßfNda.slhskag ±Íug isÿùu" uQ,H myiqlï
fjkqfjka úúOdldr .dia;= yd msßjeh whlsÍu"
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.eg¨" uQ,H mdßfNda.slhska úiska ,nd.;a uQ,H
myiqlï ms<sn| f;dr;=re Tjqka fj; wkdjrKh
fkdlsÍu" wjirfkd,;a uQ,H jHdmdr" uQ,H
myiqlï f.ùu iïnkaOfhka Kh iyk b,a,Sï
iy l,anÿ uQ,HlrKh yd iïnkaO r: jdykhkays
ika;lh nÿ .eKqïlref.ka kej; ,nd.ekSu yd
iïnkaO .eg¨ wdÈh m%Odk fõ'
ÿ¾j, uQ,H iud.ï i|yd jk ksrdlrK iy
n,.ekaùï lghq;=
iudf,dapkhg Ndckh jk ld, iSudj ;=<
§ uy nexl=j úiska Y%S ,xld ;ekam;= rlaIK yd
øjYS,;d wdOdrl fhdackd l%uh l<uKdlrKh
lrk w;r;=r ksrdlrK iy n,.ekaùï hk wxY
foflys u l%shdldrlï ;j ÿrg;a mj;ajd f.k
hk ,§' fikag%,a bkafjiaÜukaÜia iy *skEkaia
mSt,aiS (CIFL) iagEkav¾â fl%äÜ *skEkaia ,sñgâ
(TSCFL) iy àflatia *skEkaia ,sñgâ (TKSFL)
hk uQ,H wdh;khkays ;ekam;=lrejka i|yd isÿ
flfrñka mj;sk rlaIK jkaÈ f.ùfï lghq;=j,g
iu.dój" 2020 jif¾ § n,m;% wj,x.= lrk ,o
fyda w;aysgqjk ,o wdh;k jk o *skEkaia lïmeks
mSt,aiS (TFC)" Bàwhs *skEkaia ,sñgâ (ETIFL) iy
iaj¾Kuy,a *skEkaI,a i¾úiia mSt,aiS (SFSL) hk
uQ,H iud.ï j, ;ekam;=lrejka fj; o Y%S ,xld
8
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l%uh yryd rlaIK jkaÈ f.ùfï lghq;= wdrïN
lrk ,§' Y%S ,xld ;ekam;= rlaIK yd øjYS,;d
wdOdrl fhdackd l%uh hgf;a mj;sk rlaIK jkaÈ
f.ùfï l%ufõofhka Tíng hñka f.ùï lghq;=
244
ld¾hlaIuj yd läkñka isÿ lsÍfï wruqfKka 2020
jir ;=< § rlaIs; ;ekam;alrejkag jkaÈ f.ùu
i|yd ksfhdað; nexl= l%uh y÷kajd ÿkafka h'
ta wkqj" 2020 jir ;=< n,m;% wj,x.= lrk ,o iy
w;aysgqjk ,o uQ,H iud.ï ;=fkys ;ekam;=lrejka
i|yd rlaIK jkaÈ f.ùu i|yd ksfhdað; nexl=j
f,i uyck nexl=j m;a lf<ah' ta wkqj" 2020
jir wjidkh jkúg Y%S ,xld ;ekam;= rlaIK
iy øjYS,;d wdOdrl fhdackd l%uh u.ska n,m;%
wj,x.= lrk ,o iy w;aysgqjk ,o uQ,H iud.ï
yfha ;ekam;=lrejka 66"731la i|yd remsh,a ñ,shk
21"114'9la" rlaIK jkaÈ jYfhka f.ùug lghq;=
lf<a h'
kS;sm;s fomd¾;fïka;=j iy Y%S ,xld
fmd,Sisfha wmrdO mÍlaIK fomd¾;fïka;=fõ
iydh we;sj n,.ekaùfï lghq;= ;j ÿrg;a
l%shd;aul l< w;r" uyck;djf.ka ,o meñ‚,s
u; ;ykï fhdackd l%u ms<sn|j úu¾Yk lSmhla
o 1988 wxl 30 ork nexl= mkf;a úêúOdk hgf;a
meje;aùug lghq;= lf<a h' tfiau uy nexl=j
úiska ±kgu;a kS;sm;s fomd¾;fïka;=j fj; fhduq
fldg we;s úu¾Ykhka ms<n|j uy nexl=fjys
kS;s yd wkql+,;d fomd¾;fïka;=fõ iydh we;sj
úu¾Yk lghq;= iïnkaëlrKh yd miqúmrï
lf<ah' ;jo" Èjhsk mqrd ;ykï fhdackd l%uj,
whym;a m%;súmdl ms<sn|j ±kqj;a lsÍfï iy uQ,H
idlaIr;dj j¾Okh lsÍfï wruqKq fmr±ßj úúO
ia:rj, uyck;dj ±kqïj;alsÍfï jevigyka
/ila o meje;aùug lghq;= lf<ah'
uy nexl=j" cd;Hka;r WmfoaYlhkaf.a iydh
we;sj" mj;sk kshduk rduqfjys kshduk n,;,
yd kshduk n, wêldßh ksYaÑ;j olajk mßÈ
ksrdlrK rduqjla ish¿u nexl= yd nexl= fkdjk
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fhdað; kj nexl= mk;g úiÿï m%iïmdok iy
nexl= i|yd ;ekam;= rlaIKh ms<sn| úêúOdk
we;=<;a lsÍug lghq;= iïmdokh lf<ah'
úfoaY úksuh kshdukh iy wëlaIKh
2020 jir ;=<§ uy nexl=j úfoaY úksuh
fufyhqï lghq;= i|yd myiqlï iemhSfuys,d
wLKavj lghq;= lf<ah' fï wkqj" ÿ¾j, fjñka
mj;sk úfoaY ixÑ; we;=¿j" jix.; ;;a;ajh
fya;=fjka foaYSh úfoaY úksuh fjf<|fmdf<ys
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8'19 ixLHd igyk úksuh Wmhkakkag iy úfoaYhkays fiajh lrk

úfoaY jHdjydr uqo,a .sKqïys .kqfokqj, idrdxYh Y%S ,dxlslhka yg m%Þkh lr ;snQ úfoaY uqo,a Kh
t'c' fvd,¾ ñ,shk
m%;suqL 2020'12'31 Èkg
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wduqL fm%aIK
.sKqï j¾.h fm%aIK wjidk fYaIh fjf<÷kag wjir ,nd foñka úêúOdk ksl=;a
2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 lrñka úfoaY úksuh mkf;a úOdkhkag wkql+,j"
mqo.
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q 6,796.7 7,660.9 2,805.7 3,174.1 1,951.0 1,335.0 ixj¾Okh lsÍfuys,d uqo,a yqjudre lsÍfï
wduqL wdfhdack jHdmdrfha ksr;ùug n,h ,nd § we;s mßiSñ;
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úfYaI ;ekam;= wLKavj ksÍlaIKh lrk ,§' jir ;=<§ mßiSñ;
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,e'fkd' - ,eî fkdue; uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j 3'64l úl=Kqï isÿ lr we;s w;r" th 2019 jirg
idfmalaIj ms<sfj,ska ishhg 51 iy ishhg
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wduqL wdfhdack .sKqï" wlafjr< nexl= tallfha .sKqï iy úfoaY jix.;h iuÕ wd¾Ól l%shdldrlï wvmKùu
jHdjydr uqo,a ;ekam;= j,ska udre lrk ,o wruqo,a yer
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úfYaI ;ekam;= .sKqï hgf;a ;ekam;= l,a msÍfuka miq 2020'10'07 Èk isg
fya;=fjka mßiSñ; fjf<÷kaf.a ld¾hidOkho
ndysr fm%aIK isÿ lrk ,§' my; jeàula olakg ,eìK' foaYSh úfoaY úksuh
4
wjidk fYaIh 2021'01'01 Èkg ^o< jYfhka& fjf<|fmd<g .,dtaï$.,d hEï iy úfoaY úksuh
fufyhqï ms<sn| id¾j wd¾Ól ;SrK .ekSu
we;=¿ úfoaY úksuh mk; hgf;a ksl=;a lrk ,o
2017" wxl 12 ork úfoaY úksuh mkf;a úOdkhka fr.=,dis iy úêúOdkj,g wkql+,j" n,h,;a
hgf;a mshjr lsysmhla y÷kajd §ug lghq;= lf<ah'
ta wkqj" we;eï cx.u .kqfokq i|yd jk úfoaY
úksuh uqÞ yeÍï lghq;= iSud lsÍug n,h,;a 8'20 ixLHd igyk
fjf<÷ka fj; úêúOdk ksl=;a lf<ah' ;jÿrg;a 2020 jif¾ m%d.aOk .kqfokq remsh,a .sKqï (CTRAs)
rfÜ úfoaY úksuh ixÑ; ;;a;ajhg iydh ±laùfï yryd isÿ l< fm%aIKhka iy YS% ,xld remsh,aj,g úfoaY
úksuh úl=Kqï iy YS% ,xld remsh,a u.ska isÿl< úfoaY
wruq‚ka úfoaY úksuh mkf;a 22 jeks j.ka;sh úksuh ñ,g .eKqï
hgf;a ixl%uKsl udre lsÍïo we;=¿ ráka bj;g
2020 2019
.,dhk fm%aIK iSud lrñka we;eï m%d.aOk
.kqfokq i|yd kshuhla ksl=;a lf<a h'
ixl%u‚l udre lsÍï
ixl%u‚l §ukdj fm%AIKh lsÍu 742 1,353
;jo" 2020 jir wfm%a,a ui m<uq Nd.h ;=<§ i|yd úfoaY úksuh fomd¾;fïka;=fõ
,shdmÈxÑ lrk ,o m%d.aOk .kqfokq
úfoaY úksuh rg ;=<g .,dtaï wdl¾IKh lr remsh,a .sKqï .Kk
.ekSu i|yd rch úiska flfrk w;sf¾l fmd,S m%d.aOk .kqfokq remsh,a .sKqï yryd 12.7 40.7
f.ùula iys; úfYaI ;ekam;= .sKqu y÷kajd lrk ,o m%;suqL fm%aIK
fok ,§' úfYaI ;ekam;= .sKqïj, úfoaYSh uqo,ska ^t'c' fvd,¾ ñ,shk&

flfrk ;ekam;= j¾Okh lsÍfï wruq‚ka úfoaY úksuh úl=Kqï iy ñ,g

.eKqï ^t'c' fvd,¾ ñ,shk&
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1

jákdlu t'c' fvd,¾ 15"000la olajd jeä lrñka

8
úfoaY úksuh mkf;a 8 jeks j.ka;sh hgf;a ;j;a 1
2019 fojk ld¾;=j ;=<§ w`M;ska y÷kajd fok uQ,h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
,o ud¾..; jd¾;dlrK moaO;sfha fmdaru
ksfhda.hla ksl=;a lrk ,§' ;jo" úfoaY uqo,ska (I) iy (II) l%shd;aul lsÍfï§ we;s jQ .eg`M
fya;=fjka n,h,;a wf,úlrejkaf.a m%udo ù
Kh ,nd.;a mqoa.,hska uqyqK fok ÿIalr;d bÈßm;a l< w.hkag wkqj ilia fldg we;'
ie<ls,a,g .ksñka" wjidk mshjr jYfhka" úfoaY

245
 YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jd¾Isl jd¾;dj 2020
fjf<÷kaf.ka o;a; tla/ia lsÍu i|yd mq¿,a foaY
iSud iy úfoaY uqo,a .kqfokq fufyhqï moaO;shla
l%shd;aul lsÍugo wÞ< mshjr f.k we;'
Kh f;dr;=re
2020 jir ;=<§ Kh f;dr;=re ld¾hdxYh
úiska Kh jd¾;d ñ,shk 8'6la ksl=;a lrk ,o w;r
^fï w;=ßka Kh ,nd fok wdh;k mdßfNda.sl
Kh jd¾;d ñ,shk 8'3la ,nd.kakd ,§'& th
miq.sh jirg idfmalaIj ishhg 17'0 l wvq ùuls'
2019 jirg idfmalaIj 2020 jif¾ § fm!oa.,sl Kh
jd¾;d (iReports) i|yd jk b,a¨u ishhg 43'0 lska
my; jegq‚' 2020 jir ;=<§ mdßfNda.slhska 10"724la
ish fm!oa.,sl Kh jd¾;d ,nd .ekSu i|yd
ld¾hdxYh fj; meñ‚ w;r" mdßfNda.slhska 1"903la
nexl= yryd ish Kh jd¾;d b,a¨ï l<y' 2020
jir ;=<§ mqoa.,hska 225la fm!oa.,sl Kh jd¾;d
ud¾..; fiajdj (iReport Online Service) i|yd
,shdmÈxÑ jQ w;r mßYS,lhska 1"336la ish fm!oa.,sl
Kh jd¾;d fj; ud¾..;j (Online) m%fõY ù we;'
fldúâ-19 jix.; ;;a;ajh fya;=fjka mkjk ,o
ixprK iSud fuu my; jeàug fya;= úh'
2020 jif¾ § Kh f;dr;=re ld¾hdxYh
u.ska imhk myiqlï j¾Okh lsÍug l%shdud¾.
lsysmhla .ekSug lghq;= lf<ah' ld¾hdxY fjí
wvúh yryd uyck;djg Tjqkaf.a mqoa.,sl
Kh jd¾;d (iReport) $Kh f;dr;=re ld¾hdxY
,l=Kq (CRIB Score) whÿï lsÍu iy ,nd.
ekSu i|yd 2020 jif¾ foieïn¾ udifha § Èh;a
lrk ,o ud¾..; Kh jd¾;d fiajdj tjka tla
l%shdud¾.hls' ;jo" Kh iyk i|yd iqÿiqlï ,nk
8
246
,o Kh .e;shkaf.a Kh ,l=K (Credit Score)
flfrys wkd.;fha§ n,mEula we;s fkdjkq ms‚i
Kh f;dr;=re ld¾hdxYh úiska Kh ,ndfok
idudðl wdh;k i|yd Kh iyk ld,h ;=< §
o;a; jd¾;d lsÍu i|yd wjYH ud¾f.damfoaY ksl=;a
lrk ,§' Kh f;dr;=re ld¾hdxYh úiska imhkq
,nk ;j;a myiqlula f,i 2020 jif¾ cQks udifha
mgka ish¿u idudðl Khfok wdh;khkag
Tjqkaf.a uQ,sl nexl= moaO;sh ld¾hdxYfhys o;a;
moaO;shg iDcqju iïnkaO lrñka kj zzOdrlhl
isg Odrlhg fudähq,hZZ (Host-to-Host Modality)
yryd Kh f;dr;=rej,g m%fõYh ,nd fok ,§'
;jo" fl%äÜ bkaf*d bkag¾keIk,a Ô'tï'î'tÉ'
(Creditinfo International GMBH) wdh;kh iuÕ
yjq,aldÍ;ajhla yryd ixj¾Okh lrk ,o Kh
o¾Ylhla jk zzKh f;dr;=re ld¾hdxY ,l=KZZ
(CRIB Score) 2020 jif¾ ckjdß udifha§ ks,
jYfhka Èh;a lf<ah' ;jo" wjÞkï we.hSfï
wruqKq i|yd Kh ,ndfok idudðl wdh;kj,g
Tjqkaf.a j¾;udk mdßfNda.slhkaf.a Kh ld¾hdxY
,l=Kq (CRIB Score) f;d. jYfhka ,nd .ekSug
wjia:dj i,id §ug lghq;= lf<ah' ;jÿrg;a"
2020 jif¾ fmnrjdß udifha§" bÈßh mqfrdal:kh
lsÍug Ndú; l< yels" Kh l<fò w;S; yeisÍu u;
mokï jQ zzKh ld¾hdxY ,l=fKys m%;Hdjf,dalk
úYaf,aIK jd¾;djZZ (Retrospective CRIB Analysis
Report) Kh fok idudðl wdh;k i|yd ksl=;a
lf<ah' úfYaIfhkau laIqø uQ,H fiajd imhkakka
iy wxlsl Kh ,ndfokakka we;=¿ wdh;k úiska
,nd.kakd Kh jd¾;d i|yd whlsÍu (Digital
Lenders) ;jÿrg;a wvqlsÍug Kh f;dr;=re
ld¾hdxYh mshjr .ksñka isáhs'