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2019 cQks 01

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2019 cQks 01

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ks¾udK ie,iqï l=i,dkh ysñ lr .kq we;e hs wkqudk lrk rgj,a ms<n s | mQ¾j
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S dj
rE rgd iy ljr ks¾udKh pu;aldrckl l%v S djla f,i o ie,flkjd' fï ksid 1996 jif¾§ f,dal
ixÔj fm;a;djvq l%l
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wkqYr + hka njg o m;a jQ wm fï jk úg f,dal tlaÈk l%l s Ü lKavdhï
úfYaIdx. f,aLlfhda
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úh hq;= o@ jdikdj;a fï msgm q i ;sfnk tla idOlhla úh yels hs' fï
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wúksYÑ a ; nj ksid u wjYH jkafka hym;a udkisl;ajhlska lKavdhula
ldxpkd isßj¾Ok f,i tu wNsfhda.hg uqyK q §u hs' l%v
S lhka ì`o jefgk iEu fudfyd;l u
rgla f,i Tjqka msgm q i isáñka ;r.fhka ;r.h Èßu;a l< yels kï th
m%jD;a;s ks,Odß
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ks,añ‚ m%kdkaÿ
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uqøKh
rcfhA uqøK fomd¾;fïka;=j
m%ldYkh yd fnÞyeÍu
aluthgedaraduminda@gmail.com
rcfhA m%jD;a;s fomd¾;fïka;=j

foi;sh 02
2019 cQks 01

wúksYaÑ;
fi,a,ul
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t l u cd;shla tl u wd.ula
f,i tl fldähla hg
fm<.efik f,dj uyd l%slÜ
ux.,Hh fï jk úg;a ysre
fkdnisk wêrdcHfha meje;afjñka
;sfnkjd' ms;af;ka" mkaÿfjka
oialïmdk l%Svd ;re mdhk ta
wisßu;a ux.,Hh jkafka f,dal
l=i,dk l%slÜ ;r.dj,sh hs' fuys
úfYaI;ajh jkafka f,dj mqrd
iqjyila l%Svd f,da,Ska ;u rg
fjkqfjka k`.k T,ajrika ;u
yo ne`È wfkl=;a rgj, l%Svlhka
fjkqfjka o k`.ñka ch merÿu
iu is;ska ú`o ord.kakg tluq;=
j fm< .eiSu hs' fï wkqj f,dj
mqrd l%Svd f,da,Skaf.a f,aj, ÿjk
lS%vdjla njg hs fï Èkj, ls%lÜ
m;a ù ;sfnkafka'
fkdfndaod" tkï wfm%a,a ui
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wka;jd§ wd.ñl ;%ia; m%ydrh;a
iu`. f,dalfha u wjOdkh fhduq
jQfha f.da,Sh ;%ia;jdoh yuqfõ wm
ke`.S isáh hq;af;a flfia o hkak
hs' tfy;a ta WKqiqu uelS hdug;a
fmr f,dj uyd l%slÜ ieKfl<sh
weröu ck;djf.a ì÷Kq ys;a h<s
f.dvkeÕSug bjy,a jkq we;e hs
hkak wm úYajdi lrkjd'
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fjd,sfnda,a jqj;a jvd;a ckms%h u
lS%vdj njg m;a ù ;sfnkafka ls%lÜ
lS%vdj hs' bkaÈhdfõ o cd;sl lS%vdj
fydlS jqj;a ckms%h u lS%vdj njg
m;a j we;af;a lsl
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l=i,dkh foi n,d isákafka Y%S
,xld lKavdhu .ek Okd;aul
is;=ú,a,lska hq;= j nj lsj hq;= hs'
fujr meje;afjk 12 jeks
f,dal l=i,dk ls%lÜ ;r.dj,sh
uehs ui 30 isg cq,s 14 olajd
ljrfha l;dj
ljrfha l;dj
tx.,ka;fha iy fõ,aifha§
meje;aùug cd;Hka;r ls%lÜ
ljqkais,h lghq;= fhdÞ ;sfnkjd'
tx.ka;fha yd fõ,aifha th
meje;afjk 5 jeks wjia:dj fuh
hs' óg fmr tu ;r. mj;ajd
we;af;a 1975" 1979" 1983 iy 1999
hk j¾Ij,§ hs' ls%lÜ lKavdhï
10la ;r. jÈk 12 jeks f,dal
l=i,dk ls%lÜ ;r.dj,sh lS%vdx.K
11l § meje;aùug hs ixúOdhlhka
lghq;= lr ;sfnkafka' iyNd.s jk
lKavdhï 10ka m<uq jeks jgfha
tx.,ka; lKavdhï muKla lsis`ÿ
Èjd rd;S% ;r.hlg iyNd.S jkafka
keye'
;r. 48lska iukaú; fujr
f,dal l=i,dk ls%lÜ ;r.dj,sh
i|yd úksiqrejreka 16 fokl=
yd ;r. ;Srljreka 06 fokl=
whs'iS'iS'h úiska kï lr ;sfnkjd'
bka ;sfokl= YS% ,xldfjka
2019 cQks 01
03 foi;sh
f;dardf.k ;sîu wmg rgla
f,i wdvïnr úh yels lreKla'
fkdfndaÞ whs'iS'iS' iïudk Wf<f,a
fyd| u úksiqre f,i iïudkh
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m,a,sh.=re ;r. úksiqrejka f,i
f;dardf.k ;sfnkjd' rkacka
uvq.,af,a ;r. ;Srlhl= f,i
hs fuys§ lghq;= lrkq we;af;a'
tfia u l=ud¾ ix.laldr úia;r
úpdrlhl= f,i lghq;= lsÍug
tlaùu;a fï ;r.dj,sfha Y%S
,xldjg jeo.;a jk ldrKdjla'
lKavdhï 10 uQ,sl ;r.
jgfha§ ,S.a l%uhg ;r. jÈk w;r
iEu lKavdhula u uQ,sl ;r.
jgfha§ wfkla lKavdhï 9u uqK
.efikjd' bka by< u m%ido ,l=Kq
,nd.kakd lKavdhï 4 wjika mQ¾j
jghg iqÿiqlï ,nk w;r by< u
iqÿiqlï ,nk lKavdhï oaú;ajh
wjika uyd ;r.hg iqÿiqlï
,nkjd' Èk 46la mqrd ;r. 48lska
iukaú; fï ;r.dj,sfha wjidk
uyd ;r.h cq,s 14 jeks Þ f,da¾âia
msáfha meje;aùug kshñ; hs'
fï l%uh hgf;a f,dal l=i,dk
ls%lÜ ;r.dj,shla wjika jrg
mj;ajd we;af;a tx.,ka;h iy
mdlsia;dkh wjidk uyd ;r.hg
iqÿiqlï ,enQ bïrdka Ldkaf.a
kdhl;ajfhka hq;= mdlsia;dkq
lKavdhu f,dal ls%lÜ lsre<
ysñlr .;a 1992 jif¾§ hs'
fndfyda lS%vd úpdrlhkaf.a
woyi wkqj fujr ;r.dj,sfha§
wjidk uyd ;r.hg meñŒfï
jeä bvla ;sfnkafka bkaÈhdj yd
tx.,ka;h i;=j hs' wka;¾cd;sl
ls%lÜ iNdfõ tlaÈk lKavdhï
fY%a‚.; lsÍï wkqj bÈßfhka
u isákafka m%ido ,l=Kq 123la
,nd.;a tx.,ka; lKavdhu jk
w;r m%ido ,l=Kq 121la ,nd.;a
bkaÈhdj fojeks ;ekg m;aù
;sfnkjd' ,l=Kq 76la ,nd.;a YS%
,xldjg fuys§ ysñ ù we;af;a
9 jeks ia:dkh hs' tfy;a ls%lÜ
lS%vdj hkq b;d wúksYaÑ; lS%vdjla
foi;sh 04
2019 cQks 01
ksid we;eï wjia:dj, ls%lÜ f,dj
,s,smqÜgka tys m;dl fhdaOhka
oK.iajd ;sfnkafka lS%vd f,da,Ska
uú;hg m;alrñka' óg fmr f,dal
l=i,dk ;r.j,§ l=i,dkh Èkd.kq
we;e hs u; m<lr isá fgiaÜ jrï
ysñ lKavdhï mjd fgiaÜ jrï ,nd
fkd;snQ rgj, lKavdhï yuqfõ
mrdch ù ;sfnkjd'
Bg fyd| u WÞyrK f,i
1996 f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,sfha§
bkaÈhdfõ mQfkays meje;s ngysr
bka§h fldfoõ yd flkahdj
w;r ;r.fha§ uq,ska mkaÿjg
myrÿka flkahdj ,l=Kq 166lg
iSud lrkakg ngysr bka§h
fldfoõ lKavdhu iu;aùu'
b,lalh yUd.sh ngysr bka§h
fldfoõ lKavdhu ,l=Kq 93lg
iSudlrñka ,l=Kq 73l wk.s chla
tys§ flkahdkq lKavdhu ysñlr
.kakjd' tfia u 2003 jif¾ ol=Kq
wms%ldfõ meje;s f,dal l=i,dk
ls%lÜ ;r.dj,sfha§ YS% ,xldj
yd flkahdj w;r uQ,sl jgfha
;r.hl§ flkahdkq lKavdhu
,nd.;a ,l=Kq 210g ms<s;=re
jYfhka YS% ,xld lKavdhug
,nd.; yelsjkafka ,l=Kq 157la
muK hs' tA wkqj flkahdkq
lKavdhug ,l=Kq 53l fkdme;+
chla ysñ ù ;sfnkjd' 2007 jif¾§
o ngysr bka§h fldfoõ ¥m;aj,
meje;s uQ,sl jgfha ;r.hl§
wh¾,ka;h yd mdlsia;dkh w;r
meje;s ;r.fha§ m<uq j mkaÿjg
myr ÿka mdlsia;dkh ,l=Kq 132lg
iSudlrkak wh¾,ka; lKavdhu
iu;ajqKd' fï b,lalh lvq¨ 7la
±ù ,nd.;a wh¾,ka; lKavdhu"
mdlsia;dkq lKavdhu ;r.dj,sfhka
bj;a lsÍug iu;afjkjd'
YS% ,xldfõ
ls%lÜ b;sydifhka ì|la
YS% ,xldfõ ls%lÜ lS%vdj
bx.S%is md,k ld,h olajd wE;g
Èfjkakla' Tjqka úiska fï lS%vdj
YS% ,xldjg y÷kajdÿka njg idlaIs
;sfnkjd' 1932 jif¾§ fld<U
ls%lÜ iudch wdrïN l< j.
l,ïnq c¾k,a mqj;amf;a i|yka'
tys m<uq jeks ;r.h mj;ajd
we;af;a 97 jeks frðfïka;=jg
tfrysj hs'
1882 jif¾§ whsfjda í,hsf.a
kdhl;ajfhka hq;= tx.,ka;
lKavdhu fld<U§ ;r.hlg
iyNd.s ù ;sfnkjd' 1888$89
jirj,§ Georg Vernonf.a
kdhl;ajfhka meñ‚ tx.,ka;
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lKavdhula iuÕ ;r. je§
;sfnkafka 1890 jif¾§' óg wu;r
j tx.,ka;h yd ´iafÜ%,shdj
ish w¿n÷ka ;r.dj,shg hk
wjia:dj,§ kjd;ekafmd<la
f,i YS% ,xldfõ kej;S ;r.j,g
iyNd.S jQ njg f;dr;=re
i`oyka' furg m<uq fm< ls%lÜ
;r.j, wdrïNh isÿ ù we;af;a tA
wdldrfhka'
bka miqj fld<U" uykqjr"
.d,a, jeks k.rj, mdi,a ls%lÜ
jHdma; fj;a u ta Tiafia úúO
l=i ,;d olajk ls%lÜ lS%vlhka
ìys ù ;sfnkjd' tA iuÕ ls%lÜ
iudc ìys ù we;s w;r 1938
jir muK jk úg lS%vd iudc
12l iyNd.s;ajfhka wka;¾
iudc l%sl Ü ;r.dj,s wdrïN ù
;sfnkjd' fï ;r.dj,s miqld,Sk
j mS' irjkuq;a;= l=i,dk"
frdnÜ fiakdkdhl l=i,dk"
,lai afm%a l=i,dk wd§ kïj,ska
ye¢ka jQ w;r ta Tiafia ìys
jqfKa YS% ,xldfõ fgiaÜ ls%lÜ
lS%vdjg WÑ; m%ùK lS%vlhka'
fï jk úg isxy, lS%vd iudch"
geñ,a hqkshka lS%vd iudch"
fhdakl lS%vd iudch (moors)
jeks kïj,ska ye¢ka jQ l%Svd
iudcj,g cd;s wd.ï fNaofhka
f;dr j lS%vlhka f;dard ;sîu
úfYaIfhka w.h l< hq;= hs'
lS%vdjg tl;= jQ is x y, jpk o
fndfyda hs '
YS% ,dxlsl ls%lÜ lKavdhula
iyNd.s jQ m<uq jeks wka;¾cd;sl
;r.dj,sh jkafka 1975 f,dal
l=i,dk ;r.dj,sh hs' 1981 jif¾
§ wka;¾cd;sl ls%lÜ ljqkais,fha
mQ¾K idudðl;ajh ,nd.;a YS%
,xldj 1982 jif¾ § hs m<uq jeks
fgiaÜ ;r.hg iyNd.S jqfKa' ta"
mS' irjkuq;a;= msáfha§a tx.,ka;
lKavdhug tfrys j hs' tf,i
wdrïN jQ YS% ,xldfõ ls%lÜ lS%vdj
1996 jif¾§ rka wl=ßka ,s h ejq f Ka
f,da l l= i ,dkh Èkd.ekS u ;a
iuÕ' bka miq 2014 jif¾ § úiaihs
20 f,dal Y+r;dj Èkd .kakd
w;r 2007" 2011 jirj,§ f,dal
l%slÜ wkqY+rhka f,i YS% ,xldj
lsre¿ me<ekaÿjd' 2009" 2012
j¾Ij, úiaihs 20 f,dal l=i,dk
;r.dj,sfha§ wkqY+rhka njg
m;aùug o Y%S ,xld lKavdhug
yels jqKd'
YS% ,xldfõ ls%lÜ b;sydih
neÆ úg tys úúO cd;s" wd.ï
ksfhdackhla olakg we;s nj
fmkS hk lreKla' Bg fyd| u
WÞyrKh f,dal mQð; oÕ mkaÿ
hjk lS%vl uq;a;hshd uqr,sorka'
tA jf.a u tÞ isá úfkdaoka fcdaka"
ljqisla wï,ska" fcydka uqndrla"
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rg fjkqfjka ;r. jeÿfKa tl u
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cd;Hka;r ;r. olaI;d
f,dal l=i,dk ls%lÜ b;sydifha
jeäu ,l=Kq ,nd.;a lS%vlhka
f,i jd¾;d fmd;g tlaù we;af;a
ms<sfj<ska bkaÈhdfõ iÑka
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fmdkaáka" YS% ,xldfõ l=ud¾
ix.laldr iy ngysr bka§h
fldfoõ lS%vl n%hka ,drd' jeäu
,l=Kq ,dNshd jk bkaÈhdfõ
iÑka f;kavq,ald¾ 1992 jif¾
isg 2011 jir olajd meje;s f,dal
l=i,dk ;r.dj,s 6la l%Svd lrñka
;r. 45l§ ,l=Kq 2278la ,nd
;sfnkjd' Tyq tA i|yd Y;l 6la
yd w¾O Y;l 15la ,ndf.k we;s
w;r Tyqf.a ,l=Kq ,nd.ekSfï

1960 -1970 iy 1980 .Kkaj,

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ls%lÜ WKqiqu o b;d by< hs'
tA ksid u mdie,a ls%lÜ ;r.
flfrys lS%vd f,da,Ska ±lajQfha
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lsÍu Wfoid l< fufyjr
wmuK hs' fï wh ksid u ls%lÜ ix.laldr iÑka fmdkaáx ,drd

2019 cQks 01
05 foi;sh

idudkHh 56'95la' jeäu ,l=Kq ,nd
.ekSfï§ fojeks ;ek ysñjkafka
´iafÜ%,shdfõ ßlS fmdkaákag' Tyq
1996 jif¾ isg 2011 jir olajd
lS%vd l< f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,s
5l§ ;r. 46la l%Svd lrñka Y;l
5la iy w¾O Y; 6la iuÕ uq¿
,l=Kq 1743la /ialrf.k ;sfnkjd'
tys bksul idudkHh 45'86la'
;=kajeks ia:dkh ysñjkafka YS%
,xldfõ l=ud¾ ix.laldrg hs' Tyq
2003 jif¾ isg 2015 jir olajd
meje;s f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,s
4l§ ;r. 37lg iyNd.s fjñka
Y;l 5la iy w¾O Y;l 7la
iuÕ ,l=Kq 1532la ,ndf.k we;s
w;r bksul ,l=Kq ,nd.ekSfï
idudkHh 56'74la'
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fldfoõ lKavdhfï n%hka ,drd
yd ol=Kq wms%ldfõ tA' î' äú,sh¾ia
isõ jeks yd mia jeks ia:dkj,g
ysñlï lshkafka ;u Wmßu
olaI;dj fmkakqï lrñka' 1992
jif¾ isg meje;s f,dal l=i,dk
;r.dj,s 5lg iyNd.s fjñka Y;l
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j ;r. 34l§ ,l=Kq ixLHdj
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o ;r. 23l§ uq¿ ,l=Kq 1207la
,nd .ksñka tA' î' äú,sh¾ia o tu
l=i,;dj olajd ;sfnkjd' ik;a
chiQßh yh jeks ia:dkhg m;aj
foi;sh 06
2019 cQks 01
we;af;a f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,s
5l§ ;r. 38la l%Svd lr ,l=Kq
1165la ,nd .ksñka' Bg Y;l 3la
yd w¾O Y;l yhla we;=<;a'
1996 f,dal l=i,dk
;r.dj,sfha u;lh
YS% ,xld ls%lÜ lKavdhu 1996
j¾Ifha§ Èkd.;a f,dal l=i,dkh
tÞ fuÞ ;=r YS% ,xld lKavdhu
,nd.;a Wmßu olaI;dj fjkjd'
tÞ YS% ,xld lKavdhfï kdhl
w¾cqk rK;=x.f.a n, we‚h
b;d Yla;su;a ùu fï ch.%yKfha
ryi hs' úfYaIfhka u ik;a
chiQßh" frdfïIa l¿ú;drK
wdrïNl ms;slre hq.,h f,dalfha
ish¨ lKavdhïj, wjOdkhg
fhduq jqfKa ±ä m%ydrd;aul
ffY,shlska lS%vd l< ksi hs' óg
wu;r j ms;slrejka f,i w¾cqk
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uydkdu" wixl .=reisxy" yIdka
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Yla;sh lKavdhug ,nd ÿkakd'
mkaÿ hjkakka f,i uq;a;hshd
uqr,sorka" pñkao jdia" m%fudaoh
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iyhla ,nd ÿka w;r ;=ka bßhõ
lS%vl l=udr O¾ufiak wjYH
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lKavdhug Wmßufhka ,nd§ug hs
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bkaÈhdj" mdlsia;dkh
yd YS% ,xldj i;aldr;ajh ±rE
fï ;r.dj,sfha wjika ;r.h
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wjidk uyd ;r.fha ldisfha jdish
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myr§ug ´iafÜ%,shdkq lKavdhug
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mkaÿjdr 50 wjidkfha§ lvq¨
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msáhg msúis wix. .=reisxy yd
wrúkao is,ajd tl;=j YS% ,xld
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f.k wdjd' wix. .=reisxyf.a ±ù
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kdhl w¾cqK rK;=x. ^fkd±ù 47&
ch.%dyS b,lalh imqrd .kq ,enqfõ
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;r.dj,sfha olaI; u lS%vlhdg
ysñ iïudkh ysñ jqfKa ik;a
chiQßhg hs'
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fujr f,dal l=i,dk ls%lÜ
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lKavdhu kjl lS%vlhka
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jkafka YS% ,xld tlaÈk lKavdhfï
kdhl;ajh o bisÆ fõ. mkaÿ hjk
lS%vl ,is;a ud,sx. hs' Tyq 2019
jif¾ bkaoshdfõ ksudj ÿgq whs' mS'
t,a' l=i,dk wjika uyd ;r.fha§
uqïndhs bkaÈhkaia ms, ksfhdackh
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oCI;d fmkajñka fpkakdhs iqm¾
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w;a±lSï Wmfhda.S lr.ksñka' Tyq
ksfhdackh l< lKavdhfï kdhl
frdays;a I¾ud wjidk mkaÿ jdrh
heùug ,is;a ud,sx. f;dard.kakg
we;af;a Tyq ;=< ;snQ olaI;dj yd
Tyqf.a w;a±lSï .ek ±ä úYajdihla
;nd ;snQ fyhska'
wekacf,da ue;sõia YS% ,xld
lKavdhfï kdhl;ajh f.k
lghq;= l< ;=ka bßhõfõ u olaI;d
±la jQ lS%vlfhla jk w;r ;sir
fmf¾rdf.a ;=ka bßhõ olaI;d
yd w;a±lSï YS% ,xld lKavdhfï
ch.%yKhg fujr wjYH u
jkq we;s' YS% ,xld fgiaÜ ls%lÜ
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f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,sh i|yd
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lKavdhu kjl lS%vlhka
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lKavdhfï kdhl;ajh
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lS%vl ,is;a ud,sx. hs'
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f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,shg we;=<;a
ù we;s w;r Tyqg kej; oCI;d
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th YS% ,xld lKavdhug uy;a
wiajeis,a,la fjkjd' tfia u YS%
,xld lKavdhfï isák l=i,a
fukaäia" ,ysre ;sßudkak" Okxch
is,ajd" wúYal m%kdkaÿ" jekav¾fia"
biqre WÞk jeks ;reK lS%vlhkag
fujr f,dal l=i,dkfha bvlv
ysñ ùu;a úfYaI;ajhla'
f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,shg
tx.,ka;hg hdug fmr ksishdldr
j mqyqKqùï lghq;=j, ksr; jkakg
YS% ,xld lKavdhug yelshdj
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jqfKa YS% ,xldfõ yÈisfha we;s jQ
;%ia; l,n,ldÍ ;;a;ajh hs' tA
flfia fj;;a ±kg f;dard we;s
ixÑ;fha isák lS%vlhkaf.ka
wdrïNl ms;slrejd f,i kdhl
Èuq;a lreKdr;ak fndfyda úg
lghq;= lrkq we;s w;r Tyq iuÕ
bksu wdrïN lsÍug wúYal fyda
Okxch fyda tla jkq we;s' <ysre
;sßudkak wxl 3 ia:dkfha;a l=i,a
cks;a wxl 4 ia:dkfha;a l%Svd
lsÍug hs wfmalaIs;' ueo fm<
Yla;su;a lrk lS%vlhka jkafka
l=i,a fukaäia" wekacf,da ue;sõia
hk l%Svlhka' ;sir fmf¾rd o
ms;af;ka fuka u mkaÿfjka o
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biqre WÞk" kqjka m%§ma YS% ,xld
lKavdhfï fõ.mkaÿ n, we‚h hs'
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yd Ôjka fukaäia lghq;= lrk
w;r Ôjka fukaäia ;=kabßhõ
lS%vlhl= f,i ms;af;ka o olaI;d
±la jQ kjl lS%vlfhla'
;r.hg iyNd.s jk YS% ,xld
lKavdhug iqn me;Sug tla jQ lS%vd
yd úfoaY /lshd ms<sn| wud;H
yÍka m%kdkaÿ lKavdhu .ek ;nd
;sfnkafka by< n,dfmdfrd;a;='
Tyq( —YS% ,xldj 1996 f,dal
l=i,dkh ch .kakd wjia:dfõ
rfÜ jd;djrKh;a j;auka rfÜ
jd;djrKh;a tl yd iudk hs'
tÞ ;snqfKa t,a'à'à'B' ;%ia;jdoh'
wo ;sfnkafka whs'tia'whs'tia
;%ia;jdoh' tÞ f,dal l=i,dkhg
fmr wm isáfha ;r. 5-0lska
mrdch fj,d' kuq;a uyck;djf.a
wdYs¾jdoh ueo wms f,dal l=i,dkh
Èkqjd' j;auka lKavdhu;a
uE;l§ tlaÈk ;r. lsysmhl§
u mrdch jqKd' fï wjia:dfõ;a
uyck;djf.a wdYs¾jdoh /f.k
f.dia f,dal l=i,dkh ch.ekSug
2019 cQks 01
07 foi;sh
yelsfõjd hs ud lKavdhug iqn m;kjd' YS% ,xldj iyNd.s jk m<uq jgfha ;r.
tA jf.a u wfma lS%vlhka ;=< ±ä wd;au
úYajdihla mj;sk nj uu fyd¢ka 2019 cqks 01 - kjiS,ka;h iuÕ ldä*ays§
okakjd'˜ 2019 cqks 04 - we*a.ksia:dkh iuÕ ldä*ays§
miq.sh Èkj, meje;s isoaëka 2019 cqks 07 - mdlsia;dkh iuÕ ì%iag,ays§
wu;l lr ish¨ lS%vlhka Wiia 2019 cqks 11 - nx.a,dfoaYh iuÕ ì%iag,ays§
udkisl uÜgul miqjk w;r ish¨
lS%vlhkaf.a iyfhda.h we;s j tluq;=j 2019 cqks 15 - ´iafÜ%,shdj iuÕ ´j,ays§
lS%vd lr l=i,dkh YS% ,xldjg f.k
2019 cqks 21 - tx.,ka;h iuÕ ,Sâiays§
tAug wfmalaId lrk nj Y%S ,xld
lKavdhfï kdhl Èuq;a lreKdr;ak 2019 cqks 28 - ol=Kq wms%ldj iuÕ fpiag¾ ,Siaà%Üys§
mjikafka ±ä wd;au úYajdihls;a'
2019 cq,s 01 - ngysr bka§h fldfoõ iuÕ fpiag¾ ,S iaà%Üys§
;uka kdhlhka isõ fokl= hgf;a lS%vd
lr ;sfnk nj;a ol=Kq wms%ld fgiaÜ 2019 cq,s 06 - bkaÈhdj iuÕ ,Sâiays§
ixpdrfha§ kdhl;ajh msßkeuQ úg fmr
kdhlhkaf.a w;a±lSï yd Wmfoia u;
;r.dj,sh ch .ekSug wmg yels jQ
nj;a tA wdldrfhka u fï ;r.dj,sh;a
chf.k rgg f.!rjhla f.k tAug
yels iEu W;aidyhla u .kakd nj;a
Tyq ;jÿrg;a mjid isáhd'

YS% ,xld lKavdhfï m%Odk mqyqKqlre wka;¾cd;sl ls%lÜ iNdfõ

f,i lghq;= lrk pkaÈl y;=reisxy
kj kdhl;ajh yd lKavdhu ms<sn`o
orkafka fujeks woyila' Tyq( —fujr
;r.dj,sh ch .ekSu úYd, wNsfhda.
hla' kuq;a lKavdhula f,i Wmßu
olaI;d ±lajqjfyd;a wmg ch.%yKh
olajd hkak mq¿jka' jir 4lg miq
tlaÈk lKavdhug tla jk lKavdhfï
kj kdhl Èuq;a lreKdr;akf.ka úYd,
ld¾hNdrhla n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd'
wmg Èuq;a jf.a lS%vlfhla wjYH j
;snQ fudfyd;l hs Tyq lKavdhug
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j ;u rfÜ ch ;yjqre lr .ekSug
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f,dj mqrd ck;dj n,d isákq we;s' Y%S
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ch /f.k tk f;la n,d isák nj kï
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tlaÈk lKavdhï fY%a‚.; lsÍu
ysñ lKavdhu ;r. uq¿ m%ido
ia:dkh ,l=Kq ,l=Kq
01 tx.,ka;h 38 4659 123
02 bkaÈhdj 47 5669 121
03 ol=Kq wms%ldj 39 4488 115
04 kjiS,ka;h 33 3729 113
05 ´iafÜ%,shdj 40 4342 109
06 mdlsia;dkh 37 3552 96
07 nx.a,dfoaYh 31 2667 86
08 n' b' fldfoõ 34 2719 80
09 YS% ,xldj 43 3266 76
10 we*a.ksia:dkh 28 1780 64
11 isïndífõ 30 1609 54
12 wh¾,ka;h 20 921 46
13 iafldÜ,ka;h 9 359 40
14 fkamd,h 8 152 19
15 t' w' tó¾ rdcHh 15 144 10
16 mska,ka;h 9 50 6

foi;sh 08
2019 cQks 01
 wfma
lKavdhu Èuq;a lreKdr;ak ^kdhl&
wjq' 31
wdrïNl ms;slre

rka lsref<a
;;=
wekacf,da ue;sõia ,is;a ud,sx. l=i,a cks;a fmf¾rd

f,da
wjq' 31 wjq' 35 wjq' 28 l l=i,dk l%slÜ
wdrïNl ms;slre fõ.mkaÿ lS%vl ms;slre ^lvq¨ /lSu&
;r.dj,sfha Y+rhkag hs
f,dj úYd,;u rka l=i,dkh ysñ
jkafka' ;r.dj,s b;sydifha m%:u
iaÓr ;Hd.h f,i j;auka f,dal
l=i,dkh ks¾udKh lrkqfha 1999
,ysre ;sßudkak wúYal m%kdkaÿ l=i,a fukaäia jif¾ f,dal Y+rhka fjkqfjka'
wjq' 29 wjq' 21 wjq' 24 tfy;a Bg fmr iEu f,dal
ju;a ms;slre ol=K;a ms;slre ol=K;a ms;slre l=i,dk ;r.dj,shla i`oyd u
úúO l=i,dk ks¾udKh flrefKa
;r.dj,sfha wkq.%dylhka udre
jk úg l=i,dkfha fudaia;rh o
fjkia jQ ksid' Paul Marsden
úiska ie,iqï lrk ,o l=i,dkh
Okxch is,ajd fc*aß jekavfia ;sir fmf¾rd udi foll ld,hl§ ks¾udKh
wjq' 27 wjq' 29 wjq' 30 lf<a ,kavkfha Garrard &
;=kabßhõ lS%vl md oÕmkaÿ lS%vl ;=kabßhõ lS%vl
Co (The Crown Jewellers) ys
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;Sre ;=klska iy rka j<,a,lska
iukaú; hs' lvq,a, iy fí,aia
f,i yev.ekajqKq ;Srej,ska
biqre WÞk iqrx. ,laud,a kqjka m%§ma l%slÜ l%Svdfõ uQ,sl wx. ;=k jk
wjq' 31 wjq' 32 wjq' 32 ms;slrKh" mkaÿ heùu iy mkaÿ
;=kabßhõ lS%vl u| fõ.mkaÿ lS%vl u| fõ.mkaÿ lS%vl /lSu o l%slÜ mkaÿfjka f,dal
f.da,h o ksrEmKh fjkjd' lsf,da
.a?ï 11la nr fikaáóg¾ 60la
Wi f,dal l=i,dkfha mdofï hs
ch.%dylhkaf.a kï leghï lr
;sfnkafka'
Ôjka fukaäia ñ,skao isßj¾Ok
wjq' 36 wjq' 33
;=kabßhõ lS%vl ;=kabßhõ lS%vl ufyaIsld Èidkdhl
2019 cQks 01
09 foi;sh
fu jr f,dal l=i,dk l%slÜ
;r.dj,sfha lsre< l=uk
rg Èkd .kshs o@ hk mekh bÈßfha
úfYaIfhka tx.,ka;h yd bkaÈhdj
flfrys f,dalfha wjOdkh fhduq
ù ;sfnkjd' wo wka;¾cd;sl
l%slÜ l%Svdfõ WÉpia:dkhl isák
tu rgj,a fol w;r ;sfnkafka
flia .il fjkila muK hs' ud
ys;k yeáhg wjika uyd ;r.h
tx.,ka;h iy bkaÈhdj w;r
meje;afjkak mq¿jka' wjika
mQ¾j ;r. jgh i|yd tx.,ka;h"
bkaÈhdj" ´iafÜ%,shdj yd isjqjeks
lKavdhï f,ig mdlsia;dkh fyda
ol=Kq wms%ldj fyda iqÿiqlï ,nkq
we;s njg wmg wkqudk lrkak
mq¿jka' flfia fj;;a l%slÜ hkq
wúksYaÑ; l%Svdjla nj;a wm wu;l
fkdl< hq;= hs' f,dal l=i,dkh
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ms;slre ls%ia f.a,a Wm kdhl;ajh
ork ngysr bka§h fldfoõjka
fujr ;r.dj,sfha zl¿ wYajhdZ
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lS%vlhkag fyd| moïùula iuÕ
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whs'mS't,a ;r.dj,sh fõÈldjla jQ
nj kï meyeÈ,s hs'
fï ;r.dj,sfha i;aldrl rgla
jYfhka lghq;= lrk tx.,ka;fha
;K;s,af,a iajNdjh;a tA jk úg
mj;sk YS; ld,.=‚l ;;a;ajh;a
tx.,ka; lKavdhug jdishla jkq
we;s' thg iß,k mßÈ Tjqkaf.a
oÕmkaÿ iy fõ.mkaÿ n, we‚h
Yla;su;a ùu;a lemS fmfkk
ldrKdjla'
fujr f,dal l=i,dk l%slÜ
;r.dj,sfha§ ;j;a wjOdkh fhduq
jQ lreKla jkafka wh¾,ka;
yd we*a.ksia;dk lKavdhï
flfrys olajk úYajdih hs' 1780
ld,jljdkqfõ hs wh¾,ka;fha
l%slÜ l%Svdj wdrïN jkafka'
tfy;a Tjqkaf.a m%:u fgiaÜ
;r.h mj;ajkafka 2018 uehs
udifha' flfia fj;;a m%:u
mka;sfha jD;a;Sh ls%lÜ lS%vlhka
tu lKavdhfï isákjd' f,dal
foi;sh 10
2019 cQks 01
l=i,dk ls%lÜ ;r.dj,shg
fujr iyNd.s jk tx.,ka;
lKavdhfï kdhl;ajh orkafka
wh¾,ka; ysgmq kdhlhl= jk
bfhdka fuda¾.ka' tfuka u ú,shï
fmdg¾*S,aâ" flúka Tì%hka" tâ
fcdhsia cd;Hka;r j lemS fmfkk
wh¾,ka; lS%vlhka" we*a.ksia:dkh
fgiaÜjrï ,nd .kafka o 2018
cqks udifha' we*a.ksia;dkfha
mej;s hqoaOh ksid fï lS%vlhka
we;=¿ fndfyda fokd mdlsia;dkhg
m<d f.dia tys foaYiSudfõ msysá
wkd: l|jqrej, ðj;a jqKd' tys§
Tjqka mdlsia;dkqjka iuÕ lS%vd
lrñka ;uhs ls%lÜ lS%vdj bf.k
.;af;a' ldnq,a kqjr lS%vd myiqlï
fkdue;s j n,j;a ÿIalr;d uOHfha
ls%lÜ lsS%vdj f.dvkeÕ=K;a
we*a.ksia;dk ls%lÜ lKavdhfï
lS%vd ú,dih úYañ; hs' wdl%uKYS,s
mkaÿjg myr§u fuka u mkaÿ /lSu
úYsIag hs' tys§ fudfyduÜ fYaIdâ"
fudfyduâ kî" wo tla Èk ;r.
rgdfõ f,dj wxl tfla md oÕmkaÿ
hjkakd jk rIsâ Ldka olaI;d
fmkajk ls%vlhka' mqyqKqùï ;=<
lemùu b;d by< uÜgul meje;Su
Tjqkaf.a ryi úh yels hs'
flfia fj;;a fï ;r.dj,shg
Y%S ,xldfõ iQÞku ms<sn| kï
t;rï i;=gqùug neye' tx.,ka;h"
kjiS,ka;h yd ol=Kq wm%sldj
iuÕ meje;s miq.sh tlaÈk
;r.dj,s ;=fka§ ;r. 13ka Y%S
,xldjg Èkd .ekSug yels jQfha
tla ;r.hla muK hs' tla ;r.hla
ch mrdcfhka f;dr j wjika
lsre<
ldg o@
md,s; fmf¾rd
l%slÜ úia;r m%ldYl
jqKd' wjika jrg wm tlaÈk
;r.dj,shla ch.%yKh lf<a 2016
jif¾ wh¾,ka;hg tfrys j hs'
2019 jif¾ meje;s tlaÈk ;r.
wg u mrdo jqKd' fujeks ;r.
rgdjla ;=< Y%S ,xldjg f,dal
l=i,dk l%slÜ ;r.dj,sfha È.=
.ukla hd yels o hkak hs mj;sk
wúksYaÑ;;dj jkafka' fï jk úg
f,dal l=i,dk l%slÜ ;r.dj,sh
ksfhdackh lrk Y%S ,xld
lKavdhfï isákafka cd;Hka;r
j ms<s.;a l%svlhl= f,i ,is;a
ud,sx. muK hs' miq.sh whs'mS't,a'
;r.dj,shg YS% ,xld lS%vlhka
34 fokl=f.a kï we;=<;a m<uq
flgqïm;ska f;dard .;af;a o Tyq
muK hs' fï ksid fujr f,dal
l=i,dk l%slÜ ;r.dj,sfha jeä
j.lSula ,is;a ud,sx. fj; mejÍ
;sfnkjd'
miq.sh ld,fha meje;s ;r.j,§
Y%S ,xld lKavdhfï ms;slrKfha
.eUqrla wmg olakg ,enqfKa
keye' ueo fm<la Yla;su;a fkdùu
ksid ,l=Kq w;rg hdu wiSre ù
;sfnkjd' miq.sh ld,fha tlaÈk
;r.hl§ hï lKavdhula ,l=Kq
250la /ia lf<d;a th ch.%dyS
,l=Kq m%udKhla' wo ,l=Kq 350la
,enqj;a ;r.h m%fõiï kE' ,l=Kq
400la ,nd .;a;;a tA msgqmi yUd
f.dia ch.;a ;r.;a miq.h s ojiaj,
wm ÿgqjd' tA ksid YS% ,xld ms,;a
fï wNsfhda.h is;ays ordf.k
ms;slrKfha fhÈh hq;= hs' YS% ,xld
msf,a tla ms;slrefjla ;r.fha
wka;su ´j¾ 10 wjika fjk
f;la tl wka;hla /lf.k
ms;slrKfha fhÈh hq;= w;r
wfkla ms;slrejka Tyq jgd
;ukag wdfõKsl ffY,sfhka
,l=Kq ,nd .; hq;= hs' m%:u
´j¾ 15 ;=< úlÜ fol ;=kla
ojd .;fyd;a ueo fm<g
iEfyk mSvkhla jefgkjd'
fïl miq.h s ldf, u YS% ,xld
msf,a ÿgq ,laIKhla" m<uq ´jr
10 ;=< ,l=Kq 7 - 8l fõ.hla
mj;ajd .kak mq¿jka kï
fyd|hs' wka;su ´jr 10 § ,l=Kq
9 - 11l fõ.hla fokak mq¿jka
m%fõ.ldÍ ms;s yrU we;s ms;s
lrejka tA hq;l= u bgq l< hq;= hs'
wfkla w;g YS% ,xld mkaÿ
hjkakka m%:u ´jr 10 ;=<
m%;js d§ka fo;=ka fofkla ojd
.ekSug iu;a jqfKd;a m%;j s d§kag
t,a, fjk mSvkh jeä úh yels  cd;s" wd.ï fNaohlska f;dr j tl u
hs' wka;us ´jr 10 ;=<§ ud,sx.
fmrgq lr.;a mkaÿ hjk we‚h
msg msg úlÜ ,nd .ekSug udk
ne,sh hq; = hs' tA i|yd msáfha mkaÿ
rlskk a ka Wmßu iyhla mkaÿ
hjkakkag ,nd Èh hq;= fjkjd'
miq.h s ld,fha YS% ,xld msf,a mkaÿ
/lSu b;du my< uÜgul mej;s
ksihs ;r.j, wjika m%;M s ,h
wmg wys;lr f,i n,mEfõ'
flfia fj;;a l%slÜ l%Svdfõ
wúksYaÑ; nj ksid tf,i wfma
lKavdhu ms<sn| wj;lafiare
fkdl< hq;= hs' f,dal l=i,dk
l%slÜ ;r.dj,sh meje;afjkafka
Round Robin l%uh wkqj ksid
l%Svd lrk iEu lKavdhula u
wfkla lKavdhï 9 iuÕ u l%Svd
l< hq;= hs' fojeks jghg hdug
kï bka ;r. 5la fyda ch .;
hq;= fjkjd' fuys§ by< ,l=Kq
fõ.hla mj;ajd f.k hdu;a wjYH
fjkjd' flfia fj;;a Y%S ,xld
lKavdhu lsiÿs mSvkhlska f;dr j
fï ;r.dj,shg iyNd.s jk ksid
Tjqka ksoyia ms;s yrUhlska wm
fj; ch.%yKh f.k tkakg;a
neß keye' l%ls Ü l%v
S dfõ pu;aldrh
jkafka o th hs'
ud,d u,aldka;s mrK.uf.a
l%Svdfõ meje;aug YdÍßl yd
udkisl fhda.H;dj wjYHhs
l%s lÜ l%Svdj ìys jkafka
tx.,ka;fha rdclSh mjq,a
w;r 16 jeks ishjfia§ hs' miqj
19-20 jeks ishji jk úg ì%;dkH
hg;aúð; rgj, o th jHdma; jk
wdldrhla olakg ,efnkjd'
fï jk úg l%ls Ü l%v S dfõ ksr;
jk rgj,a .Kk 110la' mdmkaÿ
l%v
S dj yereKq úg f,dalfha wjOdkh
Èkd .;a wfkla l%v S dj jkafka o
l%l
s Ü' rgla jYfhka ;u m%;r s Emh me;=ï ùrlafldä
cd;Hka;rh bÈßfha fmkaùug o lÓldpd¾h
fï Tiafia ,efnkafka jeä bvla' l%Svd úoHd yd YdÍßl wOHdmk
wOHhkdxYh
cd;shla hk yeÕSfuka keÕS isákakg jHjydßl úoHd mSGh
rg u fm<fUk fudfyd;la WÞjk Y%S ,xld inr.uqj úYajúoHd,h
f,dal l=i,dk l%l s Ü ;r.dj,sh fï mj;ajdf.k hdug lghq;= lsÍu;a
ksid cd;sl ixys¢hdj i|yd ,nd jeo.;a fjkjd' fmdÿfõ l%v S lhkag
fok Þhl;ajh iq¿fldg ;lkakg
mqyK
q lq rejkaf.ka Okd;aul Wmfoia
neye' ,eîu l%v S dfõ meje;aug úfYaI; s j
n,mdk ldrKdjla' rfÜ j.lsj hq;=
f,dal tlaÈk l%l s Ü fY%‚a .; md¾Yajj, wjOdkh fuka u myiqlï
lsÍu wkqj Y%S ,xld lKavdhu ie,iSu w;ska l%vS dj ÈhqKq lsÍug
isákafka 9 jeks ia:dkfha' fuh Tjqka fj; mejfrkafka úfYaI
l%ufhka isÿ jQ È.=ld,Sk lvdjeàula' j.lSula'
l%l
s Ü l%v
S dfõ kshef<k iaÓr
l%v
S lhka m%udKj;a fkdùu jf.a úfYaIfhka l%l s Ü ;r.
u m%ùKhka tljr úY%du .ekSu meje;afjk úg rgl fm%l a Ia l
lKavdhfï ì| jeàug úfYaIfhka m%cdjg mejfrkafka iqúfYaI
n,md ;sfnkjd' tu wNsfhda.h ld¾hNdrhla' bkaÈhdj" mdlsi; a dkh"
ch .ekSug Yla;u s ;a fojeks fm< nx.a,dfoaYh jeks rgj,a ;r.
l%v
S lhka ìys fkdùu;a .eg¨jla' meje;afjk w;r;=r l,yldÍ f,i
ufya, chj¾Ok" ,is;a ud,sx. jeks
yeisf s rk wjia:d wm ±l ;sfnkjd'
l%v
S lhka lafIa;f % hka kslf a uk th wÞ< rfÜ l%v S lhkaf.a udkisl
úg tA wvqj msrúh yels l%v S lhka tAld.%;dj ì| ±óug o fya;j = la' tA
wmg keye' l%l s Ü fY%‚ a .; lsÍfï w;ska Y%S ,dxlsl wm i;=gq úh hq;= hs
bÈßfhka u isák rgj, fï i|yd ch merÿu iu fia ú| ord.; yels
fyd| mQ¾j iQÞkula ;sfnkjd' fm%la I a l msßila wm i;= ùu .ek'
fï wkqj l%l s Ü l%vS dj hkq iuia;
fï ksid l%vS d ;dlaIKhg wkqj
rfÜ u fmdÿ ksfhdackhla ksid iEu
l%v
S lhka mqyKq q lsÍu wjYH fjkjd mqo.
a ,hl=g u j.lSula mejfrkjd
Tjqka È.=ld,Sk j fï lafIa;f % ha th /l .ekSug'
r|jd .ekSug' tfia u Tjqkf a .a
YdÍßl yd udkisl fhda.H;dj ud,d u,aldka;s mrK.uf.a
2019 cQks 01
11 foi;sh
;dlaIKfhka f,djla wu;k l%slÜ
l%s lÜ l%Svdj f,dalfha
ÈhqKq jQfha hï fia o Bg
fnfyúka n,mEfõ ;dlaIKh
hs' tkï ikaksfõokh yd ne÷Kq
;dlaI‚l ÈhqKqfõ m%;sM,hla
f,i hs l%slÜ l%Svdj j¾;udkh
jk úg úYaj jHdma; j we;af;a'
fï ms<sn| j l;d lrk
úg .=jkaúÿ,s yd rEmjdysks
ikaksfõok fuj,ï uÕska uq,a
wjêfha l%slÜ l%Svdj ck;dj
w;rg f.k hdug lghq;= lr
;sfnkjd' tA wkqj uq,ska u l%slÜ
l%Svd ;r.hla .=jkaúÿ,sh Tiafia
úldYh lr ;sfnkafka 1926 jif¾ hs'
foi;sh 12
2019 cQks 01
bkamiq m<uq l¿ iqÿ rEmjdysks
úldYh 1946 jif¾ isÿfjk w;r
j¾K rEmjdysks o¾Yk iys; j
l%slÜ l%Svd ;r.hla úldYh lr
;sfnkafka 1968 jif¾ hs' fï
hq.fha fhdÞf.k ;sfnkafka ir,
rEmjdysks ;dlaIKhla' tkï
rEmjdysks leurd ;dlaIKh Ndú;
ù ;sfnkafka wju uÜgulska'
tys§ l%slÜ ;r.h meje;afjk
fudfydf;a wka; follska mkaÿ
hejQ kuq;a leurd iú lr
;sfnkafka tla wka;hl muK hs'
1975 jif¾ meje;s m<uq jeks
f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,sfha§ fuka
u 1979 jif¾ meje;s fojeks
f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,sfha§
rEmjdysks úldY lghq;= i|yd
;ks má.; lsÍfï hka;%hla uÕskq
hs m%;srEmK o¾Yk ,ndf.k
we;af;a' tA jk úg rEmjdysks
;dlaIKh furgg meñK ke;s
ksid fï ;r.dj,s fol u Y%S
,dxlsl wmg keröug yels
jkafka keye' flfia fj;;a
1982 jif¾ rEmjdysksh Y%S
,xldjg meñKSu;a iuÕ 1983
jif¾ meje;ajqKq f,dal l=i,dk
;r.dj,sfha ;r. lsysmhla
úldYh fjkjd' rEmjdysksh
;rulaÿrg jHdma; j ;snqK;a iEu
ksjil u ta myiqlï fkdue;s
ksid ck;dj rEmjdysks hka;% ;sfnk
ksfjia fj; f.dia l%l
s Ü ;r.
keröug mqreÿ jqKd' tu`.ks a .fï
tluq;= j lemS fmkqKd' ta wkqj
fï ;r.dj,sh;a iuÕ furg
l%slÜ b;d ckm%sh l%Svdjla njg
m;a fjkjd' Y%S ,xld-bka§h ióm
iïnkaO;dj;a bkaÈhdj tjr
f,dal l=i,dkh Èkd .ekSu;a
ksid ta ckm%sh;ajh ;j;a jeä
jQ w;r bka§h l%Svlhka jk
lms,a foaõ" rù Ydia;%S furg l%Svd
f,da,Skaf.a ùrhka njg hs m;a
jqfKa' fï ;r.dj,sfha úldY
lghq;= isÿ jQfha o uQ,sl leurd
fldaK Wmfhda.s lr .ksñka'
bkaÈhdfõ l%slÜ ckm%sh;ajh
,xldjg ldkaÿ ù ;snqKq ksid
1987 f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,sh
o fm%alaIl fkdu`o m%idohg hs
,la jqfKa' 1985 jif¾ Y%S ,xldj
m%:u fgiaÜ ;r.dj,s ch ,nd
.ekSu;a fï ;;a;ajh jvd;a
j¾Okh lsÍug fya;= jqKd' fï
;r.dj,shg m%;srEmK o¾Yk
(slow motion& fhdod .ekSfuka
úia;r úpdrh jvd;a j¾Kj;a lr
.ekSug yels jqKd'
1992 jif¾ ;r.dj,shg hs
m<uq jrg j¾K we`ÿï Ndú;h
meñfKkafka' ta wkqj ta jk
f;la Ndú; l< r;= mkaÿj
iy iqÿ meye;s we`ÿï fjkqjg
j¾K we`ÿï iu`. iqÿ meye;s
mkaÿj fhdod .efkkjd' fï
j¾Kj;aNdjh ksid rEmjdysks
;dlaIKh ;j;a ÈhqKq uÜgug
hs meñfKkafka' th ldksj,a
iajNdjhla .;a w;r b;d
wdl¾YkSh jqKd' m<uq jrg
iagïma leurdj fhdod .kafka
fï ;r.fha§' leurd 10-12 ;a
w;r m%udKhla fï ;r.dj,shg
fhdod .ekSfuka m%;srEmK o¾Yk
jeä m%udKhla ,nd .; yels ùu
;dlaIKsl jYfhka ,enQ chla'
Y%S ,xldj fuys§ ch .;af;a
;r. folla' wfma wjdikdjg
,l=Kq 300 iSudj blaujd hñka
isïndífõg tfrys j ÈkQ ;r.h
wdjrKh lrkafka keye' ta
jk úg ;r. folla tlajr
meje;afjoa§ m%n, rgj, ;r.
muKla wdjrKh lsÍu hs thg
fya;=j' tfy;a fï ;r.dj,sfha
ol=Kq wm%sldjg tfrys j Y%S ,xldj
ch ,nd .;a ;r.h l%Svd f,da,Ska
kerUqfõ uy;a wdiajdohlska'
1992-96 ld,h jk úg cd;sl
rEmjdysksh iu`. tla j l%slÜ
;r. úldYh lsÍug úfoaYSh
lKavdhï meñfKkjd' Tjqka
wduka; úfÊiQßh
ysgmq ksIamdol ^l%Svd&
Y%S ,xld rEmjdysks ixia:dj
1992 jif¾ ;r.dj,shg hs
m<uq jrg j¾K we`ÿï
Ndú;h meñfKkafka'
ta wkqj ta jk f;la
Ndú; l< r;= mkaÿj
iy iqÿ meye;s we`ÿï
fjkqjg j¾K we`ÿï
iu`. iqÿ meye;s mkaÿj
fhdod .efkkjd' fï
j¾Kj;aNdjh ksid
rEmjdysks ;dlaIKh
;j;a ÈhqKq uÜgug hs
meñfKkafka'
;dlaIKssl WmlrK iemhSfuka
fuka u wOHlaIjreka" l%Svd úia;r
úpdrlhka f,i lghq;= lsÍug
hs tla jkafka' fï ld,h jk
úg bkaÈhdj;a Y%S ,xldj;a l%slÜ
wdjrK lghq;=j, by< uÜgul
hs isákafka' ta w;ßka Y%S ,xldj
bÈßfhka isáfha bkaÈhdjg jvd
;dlaI‚l Yla;sh Y%S ,xldjg ;snQ
ksid'
1996 jif¾ f,dal l=i,dkh ÈkQ
ksid u fkdfj hs Y%S ,xldjg th
jeo.;a jkafka' ta jk úg meje;s
hqouh ;;a;ajh fya;=fjka tu
;r.dj,sfha i;aldrl rgla jQ Y%S
,xldjg meñKSu ´iafÜ%,shdj iy
ngysr bka§h fldfoõ lKavdhï
m%;slafIam l< ksid úfoaYSh kd,sld
fï ;r. wdjrKhg meñfKkafka
keye' fï ksid fudfyduâ
wireãkaf.aa kdhl;ajfhka hq;a
bka§h lKavdhfï;a jisï wl%ïf.a
kdhl;ajfhka hq;a mdlsia;dkq
lKavdhfï;a l%Svlhkaf.ka
ieÿï,;a taldnoaO lKavdhula
fuys meñK m%o¾Ykd;aul ;r.hla
mj;ajkjd' fuh m%n, wjia:djla
f,i f,dj mqrd úldYkh flfrk
w;r fuys wdjrK lghq;= m%:u
j;djg isÿ lf<a Y%S ,xld cd;sl
rEmjdysks ixia:dfjka' 1996 jif¾
hs f;jeks úksiqref.a iydh m<uq
jrg f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,shlg
,efnkafka' ta w;r u super slow
motion ;dlaIKh ;r. wdjrKh
i`oyd fhdod .efkkjd' tljr
rEm rduq 25la muK leurd.; ùu
hs óg fmr mej;sfha' tfy;a fuh
;;a;amrhlg rEm rduq 75la olajd
jeäùu u`.ska ksjerÈ ;SrK ,nd
§ug ,efnkafka by< odhl;ajhla'
fï ;r.dj,sfha Y%S ,xldfõ meje;s
iEu ;r.hla u wdjrKh lf<a
rEmjdysks ixia:dfjka'
fï w;r ;ukag wjYH mßÈ
rEm rduq ,nd .; yels whqßka
l%Svdmsáfha ÈhqKq leurd iú
jkafka iEu fldaKhlska u
o¾Yk ,nd .; yels whqßka' fï
2019 cQks 01
13 foi;sh
ld,h ;=< hs Y%S ,xld cd;sl
rEmjdyskshg cmdkfhka ÈhqKq
;dlaIKh iys; cx.u úldYk
r:hla ^Outside Broadcast Bus&
,efnkafka' fï ;=< isg ;r.
úldYk lghq;= mq¿,a f,i
isÿ lsÍug yelshdj ,enqKd'
´iafÜ%,shdj" tx.,ka;h jeks
rgj,ska wOHlaIjre" úia;r
úpdrlhka Y%S ,xldjg meñKs
w;r ta jk úg furg hqoaOh
wu;l jk ;rug l%slÜ f,da,Ska
rEmjdysksh jgd tla frdla ù
isáhd' fï jk úg Y%S ,xldfõ
rEmjdysks ;dlaIKh fl;rï
ÈhqKq ùo h;a f,dalfha ´kE u
rgl rEmjdysks ;dlaIKh iu`.
.e<msh yels uÜgug th meñK
;snqKd'
1999 jif¾ f,dal l=i,dk
;r.dj,sfha§;a ;jÿrg;a leurd
;dlaIKh ÈhqKq jqKd' 2003
jif¾ meje;s f,dal l=i,dk
;r.dj,sh iqúfYaI;ajhla .kafka
fuf;la l%slÜ ;r.j, meje;s
iïNdjH ^Classical& iajNdjh
iïmQ¾Kfhka u .s<syS f.dia th
ldksj,a iajrEmhla .ekSu hs' Slow
Motion i|yd EVS hka;% Ndú;hg
meñŒu;a iuÕ úYd, jYfhka
m%;srEmK ,nd .ekSfï yelshdj
foi;sh 14
2019 cQks 01
1999 jif¾ f,dal
l=i,dk ;r.dj,sfha§;a
;jÿrg;a leurd
;dlaIKh ÈhqKq jqKd'
2003 jif¾ meje;s
f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,sh
iqúfYaI;ajhla .kafka
fuf;la l%slÜ ;r.j,
meje;s iïNdjH
^Classic& iajNdjh
iïmQ¾Kfhka u .s<syS
f.dia th ldksj,a
iajrEmhla .ekSu hs'
,enqKd'
fï w;r 2007 jif¾ meje;s
f,dal l=i,dk ;r.dj,sfha ;r.
wdjrK lghq;= iïnkaOfhka
jQ úfYaI;ajhla jkafka tf;la
meje;s ´iafÜ%,shd yd tx.,ka;
wdêm;Hh .s<syS bkaÈhdkq
wdêm;Hhg th k;= ùu hs' thg
fya;=j jkafka ueofmrÈ. yd
wdishdkq uqo,a u; biau;= jk
iud.ï uq¿ f,dalfha u l%slÜ
wdjrKh ;u ish;g .ekSu hs'
fï ksid l%slÜ l%Svdj keröfï§
±fkk ;e;s.ekau" l=;=y,h
.s<syS hkjd' fï wkqj 2011
jif¾ meje;s f,dal l=i,dk
;r.dj,sfha iïmQ¾K wdjrK
lghq;= bka§h wdêm;Hhg hs k;=
jqfKa'
fï jk úg super slow motion
;dlaIKhg wu;r j leurd
4-5la u; EVS hka;%hl o¾Yk
má.; fjkjd' ta wkqj leurd
fldaK 28-30la muK l%shd;aul
fjñka iïmQ¾K HD úldYhla isÿ
flfrkjd' fuys§ ;dlaIKh fhdod
.ekSu iïnkaOfhka uq,ald,Sk
j Y%S ,xldj bÈßfhka isáh;a fï
jk úg bkaÈhdjg idfmalaI j
wm fndfyda miqmiskq hs isákafka'
flfia fj;;a 2011-2015 ld,h ;=<
;dlaIKsl jYfhka úYd, fjkila
isÿ jkafka keye'
2015 jif¾ meje;s ;r.dj,sh
jk úg ultra motion cemara u`.ska
;;a;amrhg rEm rduq 1000-2500;a
w;r má.; l< yels fjkjd'
Ball traker ;dlaIKh meñKSu;a
iu`. ksYaÑ; ia:dk 6-7l muK
leurd iúlr ;sîu ksid tys§
3D .%e*sla ;dlaIKh Ndú;fhka
lvq,a, uqjd lsÍfï jro jeks
;SrK iïnkaOfhka ksjerÈ
;SrK .ekSfï§ th bgq lrkafka
iqúfYaI ld¾hhla' Snicko
;dlaIKh u`.ska Yío ;rx.
Tiafia ;SrK ,nd .ekSu" Intrared
;dlaIKh ^Hot Spot& u`.ska
leurdfõ má.; jk o¾Yk wkqj
;SrK ,nd §u;a jeo.;a' DRS
Decision Review System u`.ska
úksiqre yd rEmjdysks wOHlaIjrhd
w;r ixjdohl fhfoñka
;SrK ,nd .ekSu" miqj ÈhqKq
uÜgug meñfKkafka tu ixjdo
fm%alaIlhdg o Y%jKh lsÍug
yelshdj i,iñka' j¾;udkh jk
úg fv%dak leurd o l%slÜ ;r.
wdjrKhg fhduq ù ;sfnkjd'
fï wkqj l%slÜ l%Svdj f,dj mqrd
ckm%sh ùug;a l%Svd f,da,Skag tys
wdiajdoh ú`o .ekSug;a ;dlaIKh
bgq lrkafka fkdu`o fufyhla nj
fkdlshd u neye'
ud,d u,aldka;s mrK.uf.a
YS% ,xld ls%lÜ lKavdhfï
ysgmq kdhl ix.laldr
tx.,ka;fha tï' iS' iS
muK  hs' tA m<uqjeks iy
fojeks f,dal hqoO a mej;s
iufha' 1914 jif¾ m;a jQ
fkdfyd;a fußf,fndaka fydala idñjrhd 1918 jir
lS%vd iudcfha ^Maryle bone jk f;la o 1939 jif¾ m;a
Criket club& kj iNdm;sjrhd jQ iageka,s lsi% f
a gda*ika
f,i m;alr ;sfnkjd' 1945 olajd o iNdm;s moúh
fuys úfYaI;ajh jkafka fynjQjd' iEu iNdm;sjrhl= u
tu lS%vd iudch wdrïN ;u Oqrld,h wjika jk úg
lsÍfuka ishjia follg wêl wkqmd% ma;l
s hl= kï l< hq; = hs'
ld,hlg miq tu ;k;=rg th iudðlhka úiska wkqu;
m;ajk ì%;dkH cd;slhl= l< hq;= hs' 2018 -2019 jif¾
fkdjk m%:u mqoa.,hd Tyq iNdm;s;j a h ±rE weka;ks
ùu hs' ix.laldrf.a ku õf¾f*daâ ;u wkqmd% ma;l s hd
iNdm;s Oqrh i|yd fhdackd f,i kï lf<a wfma l=ud
lr ;snqfKa tys j;auka ix.laldrj hs' tA wkqj l=ud
iNdm;sjrhd jk tA' ví,shq
õf¾f*daâ úiska' th ish¨
idudðlhka úiska tAlu;sl j
tï'iS'iS'fha ix.laldr tu lSv % d iudcfha
ì%;dkHhl= fkdjk m%:u
iNdm;sjrhd f,i jd¾;d
wkqu; lr ;snqKd'
uy mqgqjg .sh fmd;a w;rg tlafjkjd' 2011
jif¾ tï'iS'iS' fha fld,ska

wfma ix.laldr
fußf,fndaka ls%lÜ lS%vd ljqâß foaYkh meje;aùu
iudch wdrïN flrefKa i|yd wdrdOkd flrefKa
1770 jeks ld,hl hs' f,dal ix.laldrg hs' tys§ Tyq l<
m%lg f,daâia lS%vdx.kh wh;a foaYkh f,dal wjOdkhg md;%
iudch f,iska y÷kajkak mgka
jkafka fï lS%vd iudchg hs' ls%lÜ jqKd' Tyqg 2012 jif¾§ tï'iS'iS '
.;a;d'
lS%vdfõ fndfyda kS;s m<uqjrg fha hdjÔj f.!rj idudðl;ajh
y÷kajd ÿkafka o fï lS%vd iudch msßkeuqfKa bka wk;=rej hs'
tï'iS'iS' lSv
% d iudcfha
uÕskq hs' tA" 1788 jif¾' cd;Hka;r
mQ¾Kld,Sk idudðl ixLHdj
ls%lÜ ljqkais,h uÕska we;eï kS;s ;u lS%vd Èúh ;=< ix.laldr
18"000la jk w;r weiqre
fjkia l< o ls%lÜ kS;s iïmdokfha fgiaÜ ,l=Kq 12"400la" tlaÈk ,l=Kq
idudðl;ajh ork msßi 5000lg
l¾;DNd.h ;ju;a ysñjkafka 14"000la iy 20 úiai ,l=Kq 1400la YS%
wêl hs' 1988 jir jk f;la tys
tï'iS'iS' lS%vd iudchg' ,xldj fjkqfjka /ia l< lS%vlfhla'
idudðl;ajh ysñ jQfha msßñkag
Tyq f,daâia lS%vd msáfha o ngysr
muK hs' tf;la lSv % d uKavmfha isg
j¾I 1744 jeks ld,hl bka§h fldfoõ ls%lÜ lKavdhu
;r`. keröfï wjirh ysñ jQfha o
uy;ajrekaf.a fm!oa.,sl lS%vd iuÕ yd mdlsia;dkh iuÕ meje;s
uy/ckg muK hs' tA weh tys
iudchla f,i wdrïN jQ fï fgiaÜ ;r. follg iyNd.S ù
wkqYdil;ajhg m;alr ;snQ tl u
lS%vd iudchg lS%vdx.khla tla ;sfnkjd'
ldka;dj jQ neúka' 1999§ ldka;djka
jQfha 1787 jif¾§' th fmdaÜuka
5 fokl=g tu wjirh ysñjqKd'
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lsl
% Ü lSv
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jif¾§ th fjk;a ia:dkhl iNdm;s;ajhg m;aùu ;ud ,o
u; tï'iS'iS' lSv % d iudch tx.,ka;
bÈflreKq w;r f,daâia lS%vdx.kh buy;a f.!rjhla nj;a" 2020 jir
lsl
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f,i m%p,s; jQfha bka wk;=rej hs' ls%lÜ lS%vdfõ fuka u f,daâia
iïnkaO fjkjd'
tï' iS' iS' h uÕska ixúOdkh lS%vdx.khg iqúfYaIS jirla jkq
flreKq m<uq ls%lÜ ;r.h mj;ajd we;s nj;a tu ld,fha tys fiajh
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l=ud ix.laldr kj ;k;=f¾
1787 jif¾§ fï lS%vdx.kfha ms<sn| j i;=gg m;ajk nj;a
jev Ndr.ekSug kshñ; hs'
ls%lÜ ;r. 8la mj;ajd ;sfnkjd' 41 yeúßÈ ix.laldr m%ldY lr
iNdm;sjrhl=f.a Oqrld,h jirlg
lS%vdx.kh f,daâia njg m;aùu;a isákjd'
iSud jk w;r lsij s l=g fojrla
iuÕ tys idudðlhka ;u lS%vd
iNdm;s;j a h ±ßh fkdyels hs' ms%hkacka iqf¾Ia o is,ajd
iudch fußf,fndaka ls%lÜ lS%vd
fï ;;a;j a h fjkia jQfha fojrla
2019 cQks 01
15 foi;sh
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Y%S ,xldfõ m%jdyk lafIa;%hg
úfYaIs; jirla f,i 2019 jir
ye`Èkaúh yels hs' ta" lsf,daóg¾
100lg wêl ÿrska hq;= ud¾.
moaO;shla wêfõ.S ud¾. moaO;shg
tlaùu hs' fï ksid we;s jk
.ukd.uk lghq;=j, ÈhqKqj rfÜ
iuia; ixj¾Ok l%shdj,shg olajk
Þhl;ajh by< uÜgul mj;skq
we;s' olaIsK wêfõ.S ud¾.fha
È.=j tkï ud;r isg yïnkaf;dg
olajd jQ wêfõ.S ud¾.fha wÈhr
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w.Nd.h jk úg o fkdjeïn¾ ui
ueo Nd.fha wÈhr I yd wÈhr II o
uyck;djg újD; lsÍug kshñ;
hs' fuys ud;r isg yïnkaf;dg
olajd ud¾.h lsf,daóg¾ 96la
jk w;r msg; jg rjqu È.ska
lsf,daóg¾ 9'2la'
fï jk úg 95]lg jeä
m%udKhlska ksudj igyka l<
olaIsK wêfõ.S ud¾. È.=j jHdmdr
bÈ lsÍï isÿ jkafka wÈhr y;rla
Tiafia hs' ud;r isg fn,sw;a;
olajd wÈhr I ksu fjk w;r
fn,sw;a; isg jeáh olajd hs wÈhr
II ksu fjkafka' jeáh isg wkaor
jej olajd wÈhr III;a wkaor jej
isg yïnkaf;dg olajd wÈhr IV;a
bÈfjkjd' fï ud¾.fha bÈjk
md,ïj, È. lsf,daóg¾ 24'4laa
jk w;r iuia; jHdmD;sh i`oyd
weia;fïka;=.; uq¿ úhou f,i
foi;sh 16
2019 cQks 01
remsh,a ì,shk 252'5la fjka lr
;sfnkjd'
2016 jif¾ ckjdß ui 25 jeks
Èk bÈlsÍï werUqKq fï jHdmD;sfha
m<uq jeks wÈhr hgf;a bÈjk
ud;r isg fn,sw;a; olajd ud¾.fha
bÈlsÍï fldka;%d;alre jkafka
China National Aero Technology
International Engineering
Corporation wdh;kh hs' fuys
ÿr lsf,daóg¾ 30la' tA i|yd
weia;fïka;=.; úhou remsh,a
ì,shk 113'58 jk w;r f.dv.u"
wm/lal yd fn,sw;a; hk wka;¾
yqjudre uOHia:dk 3 lska hqla; hs'
fuys .=jka md,u È.ska lsf,daóg¾
11la' th bÈjkafka f.dv.u
isg wm/lal wka;¾ yqjudre
uOHia:dkh olajd ks,aj,d .`.
my;aìï m%foaYh Tiafia hs' .xj;=r
wjodkfuka ñ§ug .kakd ,o
mshjrls th'
okafoKsh rlaIs;h yryd
fï ud¾.h bÈjk fldgfia .ia
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wysñ jk .ia 1400l m%udKhla
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mjikafka' fï fldgfia bÈlsÍï
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wjia:d o ;sfnkjd' tneúka
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hs' ta ms<sn`o jerÈ wjfndaOhla
fndfydafokd ;=< ;sfnkjd'˜
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wka;¾ yqjudre uOHia:dk 2lska
iukaú; lsf,daóg¾ 26l È.ska hq;=
fn,sw;a; isg jeáh olajd Èfjk
wÈhr II wêfõ.S ud¾. fldgfia
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fï fldgfia bÈlsÍï phskd iafÜÜ
lkaiag%laIka bkaðkshßka iud.u hs
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úhou remsh,a ì,shk 55'2la' bÈß
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fuys o bÈls Íï is ÿ lrk w;r
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hq la ; hs '
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ì,shk 52'15la muK jeh fj;ehs
wfmalaIs; fuys bÈlsÍï lghq;= isÿ
lrkafka phskd ydn¾ bkaðksh¾
iud.u úiska' fuys bÈjk wkaor
jej wka;¾ yqjudre uOHia:dkh
msysgqjd we;af;a moaO;s wka;¾
yqjudre uOHia:dkhla (System
Inter Change Centre) jYfhka'
tkï wêfõ.S ud¾. w;r yqjudre
uOHia:dkhla jYfhka' tjekakla
,xldfõ m<uq jeks jrg bÈjkafka
fï ia:dkfha hs' fo jekak lvj;
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ksid fï jHdmD;sfhka ysñ jQ /lshd
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fjkjd' bvï w;am;a lr.ekSfï jkaÈ
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fï w;r uyje,s lDIs n, m%foaYh
jdßud¾. we, moaO;shla yryd .uka
lrk ksid lDIs we, moaO;sfha
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ks¾Kdhl wkqj wêfõ.S ud¾.fha
ia:dk 2la yryd kej; yrjd .uka
lrùug lghq;= lf<a lDIs j.djg
ydks fkdjk mßÈ nj;a Tyq mejiQ
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ck;djg .ukd.uk myiqj we;s
lsÍu;a iu`. isÿ jk iS>% ÈhqKjq ksid
rch l¾udka; mqrhla fï l,dmh
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2019 cQks 01
17 foi;sh
 iïuq;sfhka úi`ÿï fidhk ICAPP
ld ¾ñl úma,jfha isg
;dlaI‚l úma,jh olajd
f,dalfha yud.sh wd¾Ól /,s
uq,ska u .%yKh lr .ksñka f,dal
wd¾Ólh yeisrùfï hdka;%Kh
w;am;a lr.;af;a hqfrdamh hs'
tfy;a 21 jeks ishjfia bÈß
oYl 3 blaujkakg fmr f.da,Sh
wd¾Ólfha wkd.; Wreulrejka
njg m;ajkqfha wdishdj nj c.;a
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fï w;r f.da,Sh wd¾Ólfha 1$3la
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wkd.;fha tys Wreulrejka
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úg my< fjñka ;sfnkjd' ta
i`oyd n,md ;sfnkafka Tjqkaf.a
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foaYmd,k ia:djr;ajh hs'
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.ekafjk wdishdfõ md,k n,fha
isák foaYmd,k mlaI" úmlaI
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kdhlhka wkd.; wdishdfõ
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2019 cQks 01
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mlaIj, cd;Hka;r iuq¿j
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foaYmd,k ixiofha (AEPF) 3 jeks
ieisjdrh miq.sh wfm%a,a 05 - 07
Èkj, fld<U ys,agka fydag,fha §
meje;ajqKd' fujr th Y%S ,xldfõ
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wjOdkh fhduq l<d'
  fuys§ woyia ±la jQ YS% ,xld
w.%dud;H rks,a úl%uisxy l<
l;dj o f,dal kdhlhkaf.a
úfYaI wjOdkhg hs ,la jqfKa'
Tyq wjOdrKh lf<a wdishdj
foig ;,a¨jk f.da,Sh wd¾Ólfha
m%uqLia:dkhg Ökh yd bkaÈhdj
Wreulï lshk miqìul YS% ,xldj
wdishdfõ kdjql flakaøia:dkhla
f,i ÈhqKqfjñka yïnkaf;dg
jrdh" ;s%l=Kdu, jrdh flakaø
lr.ksñka tys wd¾Ól m%;s,dN
YS% ,xldjg o w;am;a lr .ekSfï
b,lal fï jk úg wdrïN lr
;sfnk nj hs' tu`.k
s a YS% ,xldj
wdishdfõ kj mßÉfþohla WÞlr.kq
we;s njg Tyq úYajdih m< l<d'
bkaÈhdfõ j¾;udk md,k n,h
ysñ Ndr;Sh ck;d mlaIfha fcHIaG
kdhl Ndr;Sh ck;d mlaIfha
Vijay Jolly m%ldY lf<a f,dal
wd¾Ólfha by<g .uka lsÍfï§
Ökh yd bkaÈhdj ie,iqï iy.;
j bÈßhg hd hq;= nj' wêl
ck.ykhla iys; rgj,a jqj;a
Ökh" bkaÈhdj j¾;udkh jk
úg ish wd¾Ól Wmdh ud¾.sl
b,lal id¾:l f,i ch .ksñkq
hs isákafka' úfYaIfhka jeäysá
ck.ykfha m%;sY;h ngysr
hqfrdamSh rgj,g jvd wdishd;sl
l,dmfha j¾Okh ùu md,kh
lsÍu i|yd l,dmSh rgj,a tl;=
ù úi`ÿï fiùug iuq¿j fmdÿ
fõÈldjla úh hq;= h hkakhs
;jÿrg;a Tyq wjOdrKh lf<a'
  wjqreÿ 60g jeä ck.ykh
rgl ixj¾Okhg Þhl lr .;
hq;af;a flfia o @ hkak ms<sn|
iEu rgla u wjOdkh fhduq l<
hq;= fjkjd' ngysr hqfrdamSh rgj,
jeäysá ck.ykh rfÜ wd¾Ól
ixj¾Okfha fldgialrejka
njg m;a lr ;sfnk w;r fï
rgj, jeäysá ck.ykfha /lshd
kshqla;sh mj;skafka by< uÜgul
hs' tfuka u fkdúêu;a wOHdmk
jevigykaj,g Þhl ùu ksid u
Tjqka ksfrda.S iunr ñksiqka f,i
iudcfha M,ÞhS ld¾hkaj, ksr;
ùu ±lsh yels iqúfYaI ,laIKhla'
  ngysrg idfmaCI j wdishdfõ
jeäysá ck.ykfha udkisl
iunr;dj" fi!LH uÜgu
;sfnkafka hï my< ;;a;ajhl
hs' f,dal ck.ykfhka wjqreÿ
yegg jeä ck.ykh 12'3]la' thg
idfmaCI j wdishd;sl rgj, wjqreÿ 60
jeä ck.ykh 24]la fjkjd' fuh
by< w.hla ùu wdishdj uqyqK
fok nrm;, iudc .eg¨jla nj
(ICAPP) kdhlhka y÷kdf.k
fujr ieis jdrfha
úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq
jQ úIh jQfha wdishdfõ
jeä jk jeäysá
ck.ykh" ú/lshdj
yd Tjqkaf.a iudc
wdrCIKh ms<sn|j hs'
;sfnk neúka jeäysá m%cdjf.a
iudc wdrlaIKh ms<sn`o l,dmSh
jYfhka wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu b;d
jeo.;a'
  fuys§ wjOdkh fhduq jQ
;j;a lreKla jQfha l,dmSh
iduh wdrlaId lr .ekSu i|yd
(ICAPP) idudðl rgj,g ;sfnk
lemùu' úfYaIfhka W;=re
fldßhdj úiska isÿlrk ñihs,
w;ayÞ ne,Su yd kHIaál Yla;sh
l,dmSh iduhg ;¾ckhla neúka
(ICAPP) kdhlhka tA ms<sn| j
úfYaI wjOdkhla fujr iuq¿fõ§
fhduq l<d' tfuka u fkdfndaod
kjiS,ka; rchg tfrys j Èh;a
jQ wka;jd§ ;%ia; m%ydrh ms<sn|
j kdhlhka ish n,j;a wjOdkh
fhduq lrñka l,dmSh ;%ia;jdohg
tfrys j .; hq;= by< u ls%hdud¾.
.ekSu i`oyd tlÕ;ajhg meñŒu
fï cd;Hka;r iuq¿fõ§ .kq
,enQ jeo.;a u ;SrKhla' l,dmSh
rgj, udkj iïm;a ixj¾Okh"
kj ;dlaIKh yqjudre lr .ekSu"
fjf<| wd¾Ól iyfhda.s;d
j¾Okh lr .ekSu" l,dmSh rgj,
wfkHdakH ñ;%;ajh j¾Okh
lrñka ixialD;sl in`o;d j¾Okh
lr .ekSu ms<sn|j;a fuys§ l,dmSh
foaYmd,k mlaI kdhlhka úfYaI
wjOdkhla fhduq l<d'
  fï wkqj rdIag% md,kfha fh§
isák kdhlhka tlg tl;= ù
wkd.;fha ls%hd;aul lsÍug
wfmalaIs; rdcH m%;sm;a;s" ie,iqï
yd uQf,damdhhka ms<sn`o tlg
tla ù idlÉPd lrk (ICAPP)
cd;Hka;r iuq¿j wdishdfõ yd
hqfrdamfha foaYmd,k wkd.;hg
b;d jeo.;a ;Skaÿ ;SrK .ekSfï
fõÈldjla jkq we;s'
y¾I î' wfífldaka
2019 cQks 01
19 foi;sh
 ixpdrl
ixpdrl
ixpdrl l¾udka;fha
fyg oji
w ;S;fha mgka ixpdrlhkaf.a
wdl¾IKh fkdwvqj Èkd.;a
Y%S ,xldfõ ixpdrl l¾udka;h
Èfkka Èk j¾Okh jQfha furg
jeishkaf.ka ie,lsh hq;=
m%udKhlf.a Ôjfkdamdh njg o
m;a fjñka' flfia fj;;a miq.h s
mdial= bßod t,a, jQ wkfmalaIs;
;%ia; m%ydrfhka furg ixpdrl
l¾udka;hg o lKfldld ye~Q nj
fkdryila'
fujeks miqìul w¾nqohlg ,lajQ
ixpdrlhkaf.a meñŒï kej;
mK .ekaùug fï jk úg rch
ixpdrl l¾udka;h i|yd uQ,H
iyk meflachla o ,nd §ug
lghq;= lr ;sfnkjd' ta" ì`o jegqKq
ixpdrl l¾udka;hg fuf,i
uQ,H iyk ,ndfok f,i ixpdrl
fydag,a ysñhkaf.a ix.uh rcfhka
l< b,a,Sulg wkqj hs' ta i|yd
i;=gqodhl f,i m%;spdr oelajQ
rch ;j;a ;SrK lsysmhla f.k
;snqKd' fuys§ uqo,a rdcH wud;H
trdka úl%ur;ak mjid isáfha
ixpdrl l¾udka;h i|yd jirl
Kh iyk ld,hla ,nd§ug uehs
ui 07 jeks od wud;H uKav,
wkque;sh ,enqKq nj' ta wkqj
foi;sh 20
2019 cQks 01
lsIQ f.dauia
iNdm;s
Y%S ,xld ixpdrl m%j¾Ok ld¾hxYh
Y%S ,xld ixpdrl ixj¾Ok wêldßfha
ysgmq iNdm;s
ixpdrl fydag,a iy ixpdrl
lafIa;%fha wdh;k ,ndf.k ;sfnk
nexl= Kh uqo,aj,g wod< jdßl
iy fmd,S uqo,a 2020 ud¾;= ui
31 jeks od olajd fkdf.jd isáh
yels hs' tfia u tu iyk ld,hg
wod< uqo, fjk u Kh uqo,la
njg m;a lrf.k iyk fmd,shla
hgf;a 2020 jif¾ cq,s ui isg
w¨;ska f.ùug o bvlv i,id
§ug wud;H uKav, wkque;sh
,nqKd' ta wkqj oekg f.k we;s
Kh f.ùug jirl ld, mudjla
,nd § we;s w;r ta uqo,a h<s cq,s
ui isg iyk fmd<shlg hs f.úh
hq;= jkafka' fuh Y%S ,xld ixpdrl
ixj¾Ok wêldßfha ,shdmÈxÑ ù
we;s wdh;kj,g muKla ,efnk
iykhla' tys ;ju;a ,shdmÈxÑ
ù ke;s wdh;kj,g ,shdmÈxÑ ù
fï iyk ,nd.ekSfï yelshdj
;sfnkjd'
tfia u ixpdrl l¾udka;fha
ksr; fydag,aj, ldrl m%d.
aOk wjYH;d i|yd jir foll
ld,hlg 75]l fmd,S iykhla
iys; Kh uqo,la ,nd §ug o
wkque;sh ,eî we;s w;r tu Kh
uqo,a i|yd f.ùug isÿjkafka 3'4]
l iyk fmd,shla muK hs' flfia
fj;;a tu Kh uqof,a m%udKh
;SrKh jkafka tu fydag,a ,nk
msßjegqu u; hs'
;jÿrg;a rch ;SrKh fldg
we;af;a ixpdrl fydag,a iy
ixpdrl ksfhdað; wdh;k
fjkqfjka wh lrk jeÜ noao
15] isg 5] olajd wvq lsÍug'
2019 wfm%a,a 01 jeks Èk isg 2020
ud¾;= 31 jeks Èk olajd muKla
n,meje;afjk fï iykh
,efnkafka o Y%S ,xld ixpdrl
ixj¾Ok wêldßfha ,shdmÈxÑ ù
we;s wdh;kj,g muK hs' tfia
u mÍlaId lsÍï isÿ lsÍug wjYH
wdrlaIl WmlrK wdkhkfha§
,nd §ug ;SrKh jQ ;Sre nÿ
iyk l%shd;aul jkafka ixpdrl
l¾udka;hg muKla fkdj ish¨
wxYj,g wod< j hs'

fï fudfydf;a wmg wejeis
jkafka miq.sh mdial= bßod t,a,
jQ ;%ia; m%ydrfhka w¾nqohg ,la
jQ wfma ixpdrl l¾udka;h we;=¿
iuia; wd¾Ól lghq;= kej; mK
.ekaúh yels wkaofï jHdmD;shla'
ta i|yd ixpdrl wxYhg muKla
iyk ie,iSu m%udKj;a jkafka
keye' wo jk úg iEu jHdmdßlhl=
u ueisú,s kÕkafka ;u jHdmdr
wvmK ù we;s nj lshñka'
ixpdrl l¾udka;h jkdys ;j;a
wd¾Ól wxY /ila iuÕ taldnoaO
ù we;s lafIa;%hla' wo jk úg
ixpdrl l¾udka;hg t,a, ù we;s
;¾ckfhka ixpdrl fydag,aj,g"
t<j¿" uia" ud¿ iemhQ fjf<÷ka o
ixpdrl m%jdyk lghq;=j, fhÿKq
msßia o we;=¿ fndfyda msßila mSvd
ú`Èñka isákjd' fï w;r ;%ia;
m%ydrfhka miq ixpdrlhkaf.a
meñŒu 60] isg 70] olajd my;
jegqKd' ta wkqj fï jif¾ ixpdrl
jHdmdrh ,nk wdodhu weußldkq
fvd,¾ ì,shk 1'5lska muK wvq
jkq we;s nj hs mejfikafka'
;%ia; m%ydrfhka isÿ jQ n,mEu
uq¿ukska u myj hEug ;rula
l,a .; jk njla fmfkk neúka
ixpdrl wxYfha /lshdj, kshq;=
jkakka o fï fudfydf;a isákafka
lsishï wjodkul' furg iDcqj
u fydag,a l¾udka;fha /lshdj,
kshq;= jkakka ,laI myla muK
isákjd' Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, Woúh;a
iuÕ i,ld neÆ úg o< jYfhka
,laI 20l muK msßila hefmkafka
ixpdrl l¾udka;fhka' Woa.; j
we;s ;;a;ajh ;=< rg mqrd fydag,a
75]la muK ysia ù we;s njhs Y%S
,xld fydag,a ysñhkaf.a ix.ufha
iNdm;s ik;a Wlaj;a; mjid
isáfha' tneúka Èh;a úh hq;af;a
fï ish,a,ka h<s kÕd isgqúh yels
wkaofï fufyhqula'
fï jk úg wfma ixpdrl
l¾udka;h ms<sn| m%pdrK
jevigyka f,dj mqrd l%shd;aul
lsÍug lghq;= fhdod ;sfnkjd'
furg mj;ajk ish¨ u
iïuka;%Kj,g o iyfhda.h
,nd§ug Y%S ,xld ixpdrl ixj¾Ok
wêldßh ie§meye§ isák nj fuys§
i`oyka l< hq;= hs' m%ydrfhka
miqj;a furgg Èklg ixpdrlhka
1700l muK m%udKhla meñKshd' Y%S
,xldj fï jkúg iduldó njg;a
wdrlaIdj iïnkaOfhka .eg¨jla
ke;s njg;a Tjqka ;=< úYajdihla
f.dvkeÕsh hq;= hs' túg Tjqka
u`.ska tu m‚úvh f,dalhg f.k
hdug yels jkq we;s'
Y%S ,xldfõ cd;sl wdrlaIdj ;yjqre
lr we;s neúka furgg meñŒfï§
ixpdrlhkag mkjd we;s ndOd
bj;a lrk f,i ckm;s ffu;%m S d,
isßfiak uy;d uehs ui 07 jeks od
úfoia ;dkdm;sjrekaf.ka b,a,u S la
lr ;snK q d' tfy;a rfÜ cd;sl
wdrlaIdj ;yjqre l< nj lS mu‚ka
u úfoia ixpdrlhkaf.a meñŒu
jeä ùu fyda tu rgj,a ;u ck;dj
fjkqfjka Y%S ,xldj iïnkaOfhka
ksl; = a fldg we;s ixpdrl ud¾f.
damfoaYk bj;a lr.ekSu isÿ jkafka
keye' wfma cd;sl wdrlaIdj
;yjqre jQ nj wm f,dalhg Tmamq
l< hq;= hs' rg ;=< iduldó
;;a;j a hla we;s fjñka mj;sk nj
furgg meñfKk ixpdrlhka
isheiska oel.; hq;= hs' Tjqkg a
furg ixpdrl l¾udka;h ms<n s |
úYajdihla we;s lr.; yelafla túg
hs' mdial= bßod isÿ jQ wjdikdjka;
isoêa hg fmr Y%S ,xldj cd;Hka;r
j meje;s ixpdrl ixj¾Ok yd
m%j¾Ok jevigyka 37lg iyNd.s
ù ;sfnkjd' 2019 § ;j;a tjeks
jevigyka 25lg jeä ixLHdjlg
iyNd.s ùug kshñ; hs' tmuKla
fkdj Y%S ,xldj ms<n s | m%j¾Ok
jevigyka we;=<;a m%o¾Yk y;rla
iy ;j;a jevigyka 18la ie,iqï
l< mßÈ bÈßfha§ meje;aùug
lghq;= fhdod ;sfnkjd'
flfia fj;;a ixpdrl l¾udka;h
h<s kÕdisgù q u we;=¿ j furg
wd¾Ólh mK .ekaùu h:d¾:hla
njg m;ajkafka cd;sl wdrlaIdj
;yjqre lsÍu u; hs' fkdtfia kï
wm ksrka;rfhka wemlem ù ,nd.
kakd fl;rï by< wd¾Ól m%.;shla
jqj o ;%i; a ;¾ck yd m%ydr
yuqfõ fudfyd;ska iqkú q iqKq ù hd
yels hs' fï ksid cd;sl wdrlaIdj
;yjqre lsÍfuka miqj hs wm wd¾Ól
wNsjDoaêh ms<n s | l;dny l<
hq;f a ;a'
ldxpkd isßj¾Ok
2019 cQks 01
21 foi;sh
 Tn okakjd rcfha m%jD;a;s
wOHlaI ckrd,ajrhd f,i
fujeks fudfyd;l udOH lghq;=
l< hq;= wdldrh iïnkaOfhka
udOH wdh;kj,ska hï b,a,Sula
lsÍug udyg isÿ jQ nj' flfia
fj;;a fndfyda fokl= is;=fõ
th rch fyda rcfha m%jD;a;s
fomd¾;fïka;=j fyda isÿ l<
udOH jdrKhla nj' rfÜ fujeks
cd;sl wjYH;djl§ udOHhg
j.lshk wdh;khla f,i rcfha
m%jD;a;s fomd¾;fïka;=jg hq;=lula
;sfnkjd fujeks b,a,Sula lsÍug'
ud lshkakg leu;shs rch lsisÿ
udOH jdrKhla fkdl<d jf.a u
udOhhg wjYH iyfhda.h ,nd
foñka tA ms<sn| ixjdohla f.dv
keÕSug lghq;= l< nj' tA wkqj
ckudOH wud;HdxYfha Wmfoia
u; m%Odk Odrdfõ udOH iuÕ
ixjdohl fhfoñka rcfha u;h
udOH Tiafia ck.; lsÍu hs
tys wfmalaIdj jqfKa' lsis`ÿ iSud
mekùula tys§ isÿ lr keye'

udOH iu`. ksrka;r fï ;;a;ajh ;sia jirl hqoaOh

ksuùfuka miq wmg w;aú£ug isÿ
jQ fjkia u wdldrfha w;a±lSula'
ixjdoh wjYH hs fkdis;+ fudfyd;l rg u
úlaIsma;Ndjhg m;a lrñka we;s
jQ fï fÄojdplfhka rfÜ we;s jQ
kd,l l¨jej ;;a;ajh ud meyeÈ,s l< hq;= keye'
rcfha m%jD;a;s wOHlaI ckrd,a fï kj w;a±lSu fnÞ yÞ .kakd
w;r u we;súh yels .egqïldÍ
;;a;ajh iukh lr .ekSug udOH
iyfhda.h wjYH hs' f;dr;=re

;s ia jirl hqoaOh;a iu`. Ôj;a jQ ck;djg 2009

jißka miq iduldó jd;djrKhla hgf;a lghq;=
lsÍug yelshdj ,enqKd' fï ;;a;ajh hgf;a hs
udOH yeisÍu;a isÿ jqfKa' tys§ udOHhg úIh jQ iy
wjOdkhg fhduq jQ ldrKd;a fjkia jqKd' udOH yeisÍu
;=< m%uqL fkdjk mqj;a m%uqL mqj;a njg hs m;a jqfKa'
tfy;a wfm%a,a ui 21 jeksÞ t,a, jQ wka;jd§ ;%ia;
m%ydrh ksid ta ;;a;ajh fnfyúka fjkia jqKd' ta
fudfydf;a ish¨ udOH lghq;= l< wdldrh tÞg jvd
fjkia uqyqKqjrla .;a nj ish¨ fokdg meyeÈ,s hs' meh
24la ;=< fjkia u udkhlg hs rg .uka lf<a'
iÕjd jHdc iduhla fyda iduldó
;;a;ajhla fyda we;s lrk njla
thska weÕfjkafka keye' wfkla
w;g ;sfnk ;;a;ajh W¨mamd
olajñka jHdl+,njla we;s lsÍu
wjYH fjkafk;a keye' jHdl+,
nj ixis£u udOHhg l< yels hs'
;sfnk f;dr;=re u; mokï j
rch md¾Yajfhka fndrejla lsÍfï
wjYH;djla keye'
ckudOH hkq rgl isõ jeks
wdKavqj f,i hs ie,flkafka'

foi;sh 22
2019 cQks 01
tA" rfÜ hymeje;aug udOH m%n,
f,i odhl jk ksid' fudfyd;lska
rfÜ mj;sk ;;a;ajh ;SrKd;aul
fjkilg ,la l< yels hs udOH
yeisÍu u;' úÿHq;a yd uqøs; udOH
.Khg wh;a m%Odk Odrdfõ udOH
iy iudc udOH f,i udOH mq¿,a
mrdihl úysfokjd' tfy;a m%Odk
Odrdfõ udOH yeisÍu hs fuys§
b;d jeo.;a jkafka' ta" m%jD;a;sj,
úYajikSh;ajh /flkafka rdcH
fuka u fm!oa.,sl ysñldr;ajh
ork m%Odk Odrdfõ udOHj, ksid'
ta jf.a u tu udOH fj; ±ä
j.lSula mejfrkjd' iudc udOH
Tiafia .,d tk f;dr;=rej,g
fndfyda úg l¾;D ysñlula
fkdue;s ksid ;yjqre l<
f;dr;=re f,i tajd ms<.
s ekSu wmyiq
hs' fï ksid rfÜ ck;djg;a
j.lSula ;sfnkjd ksjerÈ nj
;yjqre l< m%Odk Odrdfõ m%jD;a;s
fyda f;dr;=re fyda u; isáñka
ks.ukj,g t<öug iy ta wkqj
lghq;= lsÍug'
fï jk ;=re;a rfÜ ish¨
udOHj,g fmdÿ jQ udOH wdpdr
O¾u moaO;shla l%shd;aul fkdjk
;;a;ajhla ;=< udOH wdh;k
;u wdh;ksl uÜgñka wdpdr
O¾u ilia lr .ksñka tA wkqj
lghq;= lrk nj wm okakjd' fï
wkqj f;dr;=re iudc.; lsÍfï§
tu wdpdr O¾u u; msysgd tu
udOH wdh;k fyda udOH fyda
lghq;= lrkq we;ehs hkak hs
rcfha wfmalaIdj' fuys§ ,efnk
f;dr;=rej,ska wjia:dkql+, j
,nd Èh hq;af;a l=uk f;dr;=re o
hkak ;Skaÿ lsÍu udOHfha j.lSu
hs' tkï rgg" iudchg wjYH
f;dr;=re wjYH fudfydf;a ,nd
§u hs jeo.;a u ldrKh jkafka'
fï ;;a;ajh Tjqka f;areï .; hq;=
hs' iudchg j.lsj hq;= wdh;k
f,i ;u j.lSu y÷kd .ksñka
udOH wdh;k tfia lghq;= lsÍfï§
rch Bg lsisfia;a ueÈy;a fkdjk
w;r tjeks wjYH;djla we;af;a;a
keye'
flfia fj;;a wm l< b,a,Sug
tlÕ;djla wkqj jqj;a udOH
wdh;k lghq;= l< wdldrh hym;a
m%jK;djla' we;eï úg udOH
wdh;kj,ska" fmdÿ iudcfhka
fï ms<sn| úfõpk t,a, fkdjQjd
hehs lshkakg neye' tfy;a miqj
tu b,a,Sug lka foñka iudcfha
iduldó jd;djrKhla we;s
lsÍug udOH lghq;= l< wdldrh
iïnkaOfhka tu udOHhg ia;=;sh
m< lsÍug ud fuh wjia:djla
fï ;;a;ajh ;sia
jirl hqoaOh ksuùfuka
miq wmg w;aú£ug isÿ
jQ fjkia u wdldrfha
w;a±lSula' fkdis;+
fudfyd;l rg u
úlaIsma;Ndjhg m;a
lrñka we;s jQ fï
fÄojdplfhka rfÜ
we;s jQ ;;a;ajh ud
meyeÈ,s l< hq;= keye'
fï kj w;a±lSu fnÞ
yÞ .kakd w;r u
we;súh yels .egqïldÍ
;;a;ajh iukh lr
.ekSug udOH iyfhda.h
wjYH hs' f;dr;=re
iÕjd jHdc iduhla
fyda iduldó ;;a;ajhla
fyda we;s lrk njla
thska weÕfjkafka keye'
wfkla w;g ;sfnk
;;a;ajh W¨mamd olajñka
jHdl+,njla we;s lsÍu
wjYH fjkafk;a keye'
jHdl+, nj ixis£u
udOHhg l< yels hs'
lr .kakjd' bÈßfha§ fï ixjdoh
Tiafia isÿúh hq;af;a l=ulao@ isÿ
fkdúh hq;af;a l=ulao@ hkak
idlÉPd lrñka tjeks fudfyd;l
udOH lghq;= l< hq;= wdldrh
ms<sn| j.lSu y÷kd .ekSug
lghq;= lrkjd' fuys§ fjk;a
rgj,a fujeks w;a±lSï id¾:l j
l<ukdlrKh lr .;a wdldrh
o ie,ls,a,g .ksñka wm ta i`oyd
iQodkï ùu wjYH hs'
ixjdoh
ud,d u,aldka;s mrK.uf.a
2019 cQks 01
23 foi;sh
fji`. ieurE
fndÿ uyd iuq`Mj
t lai;a cd;Skaf.a 16 jeks
cd;Hka;r fjila Èk Wf<,
yd f,dal fn!oaO uyd iuq¿j fujr
rgj,a 115l iyNd.s;ajfhka meje;a
jqfKa úhÜkdufha ykdï m<df;a
Tam Chu International Convention
Center ys §' uyix>kdhljreka"
fn!oaO kdhlhka" fn!oaO o¾Ykh
ms<sn`o úoaj;=ka" úYajúoHd,
wdpd¾hjreka we;=¿ cd;Hka;r
ksfhdað;hka 1600la yd 7000lg
wêl fn!oaO ck;djla thg tla
jqKd' tA" uehs ui 12 jeks Èk isg
14 jeks Èk olajd'
uyd uKav,fha§ f,dalfha ish¨ u
rgj, iyfhda.fhka iïu; jqKd'
cd;Hka;r fjila Èkh f,djmqrd
fn!oaO ck;dj ieuÍug tla
jkafka tA wkqj hs'
tlai;a cd;Skf a .a cd;Hka;r
fjila Èk Wf<, uq,j a rg iurkq
,enqfõ weußldfõ ksõfhdaly a s msyá
s uydpd¾h Brahmapandit ysñhka
tlai;a cd;Skf a .a uQ,ia:dkfha§ ùu
úfYaI hs' tA 2000 j¾Ifha§ f,dal
fn!oaO kdhlhkaf.aa tlaùfuka'
bka miqj 2004 jir olajd
cd;Hka;r fjila Èk Wf<,
f,dalfha fn!oaO rgj,a fjk
fjk u iurkq ,enqj;a f,dal
fn!oaO ck;djg ,enqKq fï
iaj¾Kuh wjia:dj ms<sn| j mq¿,a
l;sldjlg ,la lf<a ;dhs,ka;fha
uyd fn!oaO úYajúoHd,fha
m%Odk ;dhs,ka;fha W;a;rS;r ix>
iNdj hs' uydpd¾h Brahmapandit
ysñhka cd;Hka;r fn!oaO
úYajúoHd, ix.ufha iNdm;sjrhd

cd;Hka;r fjila Èk Wf<,

ieuÍu ms<n s | j uq,j
a rg tlai;a
cd;Skfa .a uyd uKav,h m%Odk
ieisjdrfha§ fhdackdjla f.k tkq
,enqfõ 1999 j¾Ifha YS% ,xldfõ
tjlg úfoaY lghq;= wud;Hjrhd
jYfhka lghq;= l< ,laIu a ka
lÈr.du¾ úisk'a f:rjdÈ nqÿ oyfï
kdhl;ajhla Wiq,k m%Odk rgla
jYfhka YS% ,xldj úiska f.k tkq
,enQ fï fhdackdj tlai;a cd;Skf a .a

foi;sh 24
2019 cQks 01
jYfhka tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
cd;Hka;r fjila Èk Wf<,
f,dalfha fiiq rgj, o iyfhda.
fhka ieuÍu i|yd cd;Hka;r
lñgqjla msysgqjkq ,enqjd' 2004
j¾Ifha§ ;dhs,ka;fha§ rgj,a
15lf.a iyNd.s;ajfhka tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a cd;Hka;r fjila Èk
Wf<, yd f,dal fn!oaO iuq¿j
nexfldla k.rfha§ ieurejd'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a cd;Hka;r

fjila Èk Wf<, ;dhs,ka;fha§
12 j;djla ixúOdkh jQ w;r
úhÜkduh 2008" 2014" 2019 hk
jirj,§ ieuÍug hs lghq;= lf<a'
fuh m%:u j;djg YS% ,xldfõ
ieurefõ oyilg wdikak
f,dal fn!oaO ksfhdað;hkaf.a
iyNd.s;ajfhka 2017 j¾Ifha§ hs'
YS% ,xldfõ§ th jrla fyda tfia
iurkq ,eîfuka YS% ,xldfõ jir
2300la ;siafia /l f.k wd ks¾u,
f:rjd§ nqÿ oyu ms<sn| j c.;a
ck;djf.a fndÿ uki h<s wjÈ
lsÍug wjia:djla ,enqKd'

hym;a udkj iudchla ìys

lsÍug fn!oaO o¾Ykhg we;s
Yla;sh yd uÕfmkaùu ms<sn|
l;sld lsÍu fujr tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a cd;Hka;r fjila Èk
Wf<, yd f,dal fn!oaO iuq¿j
;=< m%Odk u wruqK jqKd' f,dal
ck;djg kj uÕ fmkaùula
,nd §ug lghq;= lsÍu fuka u
fn!oaO rgj,g muKla fkdj
fn!oaO fkdjk rgj, ck;djg
o iduldó iyÔjkhla fjkqfjka
lem ùfï jeo.;alu fuys§
wjOdrKhg ,la jqKd'
wdOHd;añl iqjh" udkisl
tAld.%;dj <Õd lr.; yels Ndjkd
jevigykaj,g fn!oaO fuka u
fn!oaO fkdjk ck;dj wdl¾Ykh
ùu fn!oaO o¾Ykh jHdma; ùug
lÈu ksoiqkla' fï jk úg;a
weußldj m%uqL hqfrdamd rgj,a
/ila fn!oaO o¾Ykfhka wkq±k
jÞ< m%;sm;a;s ud¾.hg msúi
isàu tlai;a cd;Skaf.a cd;Hka;r
fjila Èk ieureï Wf<,g
iu.dó j w.h l< hq;= hs'
fujr 16 jeks fjila Èk
ieureï Wf<f,a§ m%Odk f;audj
njg m;a jQfha ;srir f,dal iduh
Wfoid fn!oaO o¾Ykfhka uÕ
fmkajk mßK; kdhl;ajhla
hkak hs'
ord isáh yels l,a mj;akd
ixj¾Okh yd iduh <Õd lr
.; yels f,dal kdhl;ajhla
ks¾udKh lr .ekSug fn!oaO
o¾Ykfhka ,efnk uÕ fmkaùu
wfYdal wêrdcHhka rdIag%
md,kfhka y÷kd .ekSug W;aidy
l<d'
  tkï hqoaOfhka Èksh fkdyels"
o~qjïj,ska muKla md,kh l<
fkdyels" mSvkfhka muKla hg;a
l< fkdyels rdIag% md,khla
Wfoid nqÿka foaYkd l<
isÕdf,dajdo iQ;%h" w.a.{a{ iQ;%h"
pl%j¾;s iSykdo iQ;%h yd uyd
mßksíndk iQ;% foaYkd fn!oaO
rgj, md,lhka muKla fkdj
iuia; f,dal kdhlhkaf.a hym;a
md,khla Wfoid wog;a j,x.= jk
nj meyeÈ,s jk lreKla' fï ksid
tjeks fY%aIaG uÕ fmkaùula ,nd
fok fn!oaO o¾Ykfha .eUqre ;eka
iam¾Y lsÍug tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
cd;Hka;r fn!oaO iuq¿j f,dalhg
fõÈldjla lr .ekSu b;du
jeo.;a'
y¾I î' wfífldaka
2019 cQks 01
25 foi;sh

fj ila" fmdfidka W;aij iufha§ iEu fn!oaO
ksjil u Iâ j¾K fn!oaO fldäh
f,<fokq olakg ,efnkjd' tu fldäh fkdue;s
fn!oaO W;aijhla fyda msxlula fyda olakg
,efnkafka l,d;=rlska'
  Iâ j¾K fn!oaO fldäh uq,ajrg olakg ,enqfKa
ls%' j' 1885 wfma%,a 28 jeks Èkg fh§ ;snqKq fjila
W;aijfha§' tÈk fjila W;aijfha úfYaI;ajh jQfha
bx.S%is wdKavqj fjila fmdfyda Èkh tÈk isg YS%
,xldfõ rcfha ksjdvq Èkhla njg kS;s.; lsÍu hs'
  fjila Èkh rcfha ksjdvq Èkhla jQ ksid 1885
wfma%,a 28 jeks Èkg fh§ ;snqKq m%:u fjila ksjdvq
Èkh uy by<ska meje;aùug fn!oaOdrlaIl lñgqj
;SrKh l<d'
  yslalvqfõ iqux., kdysñ" ñf.Ügqj;af;a .=Kdkkao
ysñ" fÞka lfrda,sia fyajdú;drK ^wk.dßl
O¾umd,;=udf.a mshd&" tA' mS' O¾u.=Kj¾Ok" ú,shï o
wdnDD" iS' mS' .=Kj¾Ok" pd¾,ia tA' o is,ajd" tka' tia'
m%kdkaÿ" mSg¾ o wnDD iy ú,shï tÉ' m%kdkaÿ hk
fn!oaO kdhlhka fï fldñáfha idudðlhka'
  m<uq jeks fjila W;aijfha tla wjia:djla
jQfha tÈk Wfoa fldgfyak §mÿ;a;drdufha§ m%:u
j;djg fn!oaO fldähla tiùu hs' fn!oaO fldähla
ks¾udKh lr .ekSu i|yd fn!oaOdrlaIl fldñáh
uy;a fjfyila ±rejd' fndfyda fokd úúO fldä
ks¾udKh lr bÈßm;a l<;a iS' mS' .=Kj¾Ok fyj;a
ud;r lfrda,sia mKaä; .=Kj¾Ok bÈßm;a l< Iâ
j¾K nqoaO rYañ fldäh fn!oaO fldäh f,i iqÿiq
hehs ;SrKh jqKd' th ks¾udKh lr ;snqfKa wfma
foi;sh 26
2019 cQks 01
fndÿ oo
ksujqKq yeá
mqrdK fldä wkqj hñka È.á yevhlg hs' fn!oaO
fldähg fhdok ,o È." m<, iïnkaOfhka m%idohg
m;a fkdjQ ´,alÜ;=ud tjlg mej;s bx.S%is Ochg
iudk m%ñ;shlska fn!oaO fldäh ks¾udKh lsÍug
iydh jqKd'
  tA wkqj fn!oaO fldäh iDcqfldaKdY%dldr
yevfhka È." m<," 2(3 wkqmd;fhkqhs ks¾udKh
lf<a wog;a Ndú; jk fn!oaO fldäh wdrïN jqfKa
tf,i hs'
  fï fldäh ms<s.ekSu ms<sn| wdrxÑh 1885
wfma%,a 17 jeks Èk ziriú i`o/iZ m;%fha m<
jqKd' fldäh ks¾udKh l< lfrda,sia mKaä;
.=Kj¾Ok ls%' j' 1854 fmnrjdß 16 jeksÞ ud;r"
uäfya we;a;s,sf.j;af;a§ m<df;a Okj;a m%N+ mjq,l
Wmkafkla'
  nkaOkd.dr fomd¾;fïka;=fõ /lshdj l< Tyq
/lshdfjka bj;a j ;u ld,h;a Okh;a fn!oaO
lghq;= kÕd,Su i|yd jeh l< fn!oaO kdhlfhla'
Tyq 1882 jif¾ isg jßkajr mruú{dkd¾: fn!oaO
iud.fï f,alï f,i;a 1906 jif¾ isg 1914 jir
olajd tu iud.fï NdKavd.dßl f,i;a lghq;=
l<d' 1884 jif¾§ fld<U§ msysgqjd.;a fn!oaOdrlaIl
iNdfõ f,alï Oqrh ±rE mKaä; .=Kj¾Ok wk.dßl
O¾umd,;=udf.a Ydiksl lghq;= i|yd;a wdOdr l<d'
tA jf.a u iyfhda.h ÿkakd'
  ;kslv Ôú;hla .; l< Tyq 1926 foieïn¾ 10
jeks Èk ud;r j,a.u ish jeäuy,a ifydaorhdf.a
iS;djdi ksjfia§ wNdjm%dma; jqKd'
ksu,a wfidal isßj¾Ok
 f.da,Sh
;%ia;jdofha
kj m%jK;d
z;% ia;jdohZ hkafkka woyia
lrkafka l=ulao hkak b;d
újdo iïmkak hs' flfia fj;;a
;%i; a jdoh hk fhÿu uÕska
ryis.; j ixúOdkh jQ mqo. a ,hka
fyda lKavdhï úiska ukqIH
j¾.hdg tfrys j m%pKav lsh % d isÿ
lsÍu;a tfia lrk njg ;¾ckh
lsÍu;a tuÕska ish wruqKq uqÿka
muqKj q d .ekSu;a woyia flfrkjd'
j¾;udkfha wm idlÉPdjg
,lalrk ;%i; a jd§ ixúOdkj,
fndfyda fjkialï isÿ ù ;sfnkjd'
úfYaIfhka u cd;Hka;r ;%i; a jdoh
ms<ns | wOHhkh l< úoaj;=ka
j¾;udk ;%i; a jdofha úldYkh
m%Odk wjê follg fnod olajkjd'
ta" merKs ;%i; a jdoh ^Old terrorism&
iy kj ;%i; a jdoh ^New terrorism&
jYfhka'
ksrú hqoO
a fha wjidkh;a iuÕ
f,dalh kj rgdjla lrd .uka .;a
w;r" tuÕska cd;Ska w;r oDIaáuh
.egqï fjkqjg wkkH;dj mokï
lr.;a ckjd¾.sl yd wd.ñl
.egqï fõ.fhka j¾Okh ùu hs isÿ
jqfKa' fuys§ wm i|yka l< kj
;%i;
a jdoh iudÔh úoHdjka ;=<
b;d újdoYS,S ud;Dldjla njg m;a
jqKd' úfYaIfhka u 1990 oYlfha
ueo Nd.fha mgka fï ms<ns | Ydia;h
%S
wOHhk .Kkdjla bÈßm;a ù we;s
w;r" tuÕska fï kj ;%i; a jdoh
merKs ;%i;
a jdofhka fndfyda
fihska fjkia iajNdjhla .kakd
nj wkdjrKh lr f.k ;sfnk
lreKla'
2001 iema;eïn¾ 11 jk
Èk weußldfõ f,dal fjf<|
uOHia:dkh iy wdrlaIl
ksYdka; fyÜáwdrÉÑ
fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h"
foaYmd,k úoHd wOHhk wxYh
YS% chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h
fomd¾;fïka;j = b,lal lr.ksñka
w,alhsvd ixúOdkh úiska t,a,lrk
,o ;%i;a m%ydrfhka kj ;%i;
a jdofha
wdrïNh ixfla;j;a fjkjd' miq
ld,fha w,alhsvd ixúOdkh tn÷
;j;a ;%i;a m%ydr .Kkdjla Èh;a
l< njg f;dr;=re i|yka jqKd'
w,alhsvd ixúOdkhg wkqnoaê;
;j;a ;%i;a cd,hka wdishdfõ iy
wmsl
% dfõ fõ.fhka jHdma; jqKd'
lsi÷s j. úNd.hlska f;dr j
m%pKav;ajh Ndú; lsÍu" kj
;%i;
a jdofha oelsh yels ,laIKhla'
w;S;fha ;%i; a jd§ka b,lal njg
m;a lr.;af;a foaYmd,k fyda
wdrlaIl uOHia:dk hs' tfy;a kj
;%i;
a jd§ka isú,a jeishka" wd¾Ól
uOHia:dk iy wd.ñl isoO a ia:dk
Tjqkfa .a b,lal njg m;afldg f.k
;sfí' miq.hs ld,fha Tjqka úiska
f,dalfha fndfyda ;ekaj, isÿ l<
myr§ï ta i|yd ksoiqka imhkjd'
´k u wdhqOhla fhdod.ksñka" lsi÷
j.úNd.hlska f;dr j" b,lal.;
lKavdhïj,g tfrys j m%pKav;ajh
fh§u fudjqkf
a .a m%Odk Wmdh
ud¾.h hs'
fun÷ ixúOdkhka ms<n s |
úu¾Ykh lsÍfï§ Tjqka lsi÷ s
foaYmd,k wêldßhlg" rglg fyda
ixúOdkhlg j.lSug ne£ fkdisák
w;r Tjqka ish lghq;= ms<ns |
j.lSug ne£ isákafka foúhka
jykafiag hs' fïjd w;sYhska úlD;s
lrk ,o fkdtfia kï ks¾udKh
lrk ,o kj bia,dóh b.ekaùï
nj hs fndfyda úpdrlhkaf.a woyi'
ta wkqj idïm%odhsl bia,dï f,dalh
fudjqkfa .a u;jdohkag tfrys ù
we;af;a tu mokfuka'
fï ixúOdkj, jHqyh w;sYh
,sy,
s a iajNdjhla .;a;;a lsh % d;aul
ùfï§ b;d ld¾hY+r ixúOdk
cd,hla f.dvkÕd ;sfnkjd' flfia
fj;;a N+ñfha we;sjk ;;a;j a hkag
wkq.;j laIKsl fjkialïj,g
,laùu fudjqka ksr;=re j isÿ
lrkakla' ta wkqj ixúOdkh
uOHia:dk lsym s hlska lsh
% d;aul úh
yels h' Tjqka uq¿ukska u úkdY
lsÍu ;rula wmyiq lghq;; a la ù
;sfnkjd' ;j o kj ;dlaIKh"
kj ;dlaIKsl Wmdx. iy kj
m%pdrK udOHhka wjia:djg WÑ;
wdldrfhka Ndú;hg .ekSu;a
oel.; yels hs' úfYaIfhka u iudc
udOHhka Tjqkf a .a m%n, u m%pdrK
udOHh njg m;aj ;sfnkjd'
fï ;%i;
a jd§ lKavdhïj,g
lsi÷
s rdcHhl fyda wka;¾cd;sl
ixúOdkhl ks, wkq.y % hla fkdue;s
s w;r fudjqka ish meje;au fjkqfjka"
2019 cQks 01
27 foi;sh
kS;ú
s frdaë lsh
% djka uÕska wruqo,a
iïmdokh lsÍfï ksr; jk wdldrh
olakg mq¿jka' WodyrK jYfhka
u;aøjH cdjdru" uqo,a úY=oê a lrKh"
fl%äÜ ldâ cdjdru" ñksia fjf<|du
jeks ´kEu kS;s úfrdaë lsh % djla
lsÍug fm<fUkjd' ta yereKq
úg Okj;a mqo. a ,hkaf.a iy
mqKHdh;kj, wkq.y % h o fudjqkg a
,eî ;sîu úfYaI;ajhla' ;reK
;reKshka w;r b;du úma,jldÍ
wkaoñka jHdma; ùu" fudjqka
j¾;udkfha w;alrf.k we;s ;j;a
,laIKhla'
ueofmrÈ.ska wdrïN jQ fï
jHdmdrh wo jk úg wm%l s djg"
wdishdjg" weußldjg mjd n,mEï
t,a, lrk f.da,h S m%Yk
a hla' Tjqkg
a iliaúh hq;= hs' tys§ wkq.ukh l<
lsiÿs foaYmd,k u;jdohla ke;s
w;r Tjqka lsh% d;aul jkafka úhre
jegqK"q úlD;s lrk ,o wd.ñl
b.ekaùï u; mokï j" iajhx
úkdYh lrd t<efUk msßila f,i
hs' tksid u Tjqka u¾okh lsÍug
fhdod.; hq;= l%ufõoh ms<n s | j wm
fnfyúka ie,ls,u s ;a úh hq;= hs'
taldêm;s rdcHhlg ñ,sgßuh
úi÷ï fkdtfia kï iuQ, >d;k
l%h
s doduhka Tiafia ;%i;a jdoh mrdch
l< yels jqj;a m%cd;ka;j % d§ rdcHj,
;;a;j a h Bg fjkia ' Tjqka rgg"
f,dalhg j.lSfuka ne£ isák ksid
m%cd;ka;j % d§ rdcHhla jk wm o
;%i;a jdoh u¾okh lsÍfï§ wkq.
foi;sh 28
2019 cQks 01
ukh lrk l%h s doduhka kS;Hkql, +
;;a;j
a hla hgf;a isÿ l< hq;= hs'
tys§ nqoê
a wxY iy kS;h s l%h s d;aul
lrk wdh;k tlúg l%h s d;aul ùu
w;sYh jeo.;a' i;=rd iy Tjqkf
Wmdhud¾. uq,k s a u y÷kd.kafka
nqoê
a wxY jk w;r bka miqj u¾okh
i|yd wjYH ffk;sl l%h s dud¾.
.ekSu isÿ lrkafka kS;h s l%h s d;aul
lrk wdh;k uÕsk'a fujeks
fufyhqï iqug j l< fkdyels ksid
fï wdh;k ksr;=rej u wdl%uKYS,S
j l%hs d;aul ùu wjYH fjkjd'
bia,dï wka;jd§ ;%i; a jdofha we;s
udrl iajrEmhg;a tu ;%i; a jd§kaf.a
.;s ,laIKj,g;a WÑ; jk wkaoñka
u¾okh i|yd wjeis l%h s dud¾. o
hq;= ms<f
s j;a fndfyda rgj,a bÈßm;a
lr ;sfnkjd' tlai;a cd;Skf a .a
ixúOdkh" rdcH iy rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk" fjk;a m¾fhaIK wdh;k
iy fï ms<n s | m¾fhaIK l< W.;=k"a
id¾:l j mrdch l< ;%i; a jd§
jHdmdr ms<n
s | w;aoelSï iïmsKv a kh
lr ;sfnkjd'
wd.ñl uQ,hka mokï lrf.k
ìysflfrk ;%i; a ixúOdkj,g
ksrka;rfhka wd.ñl lKavdhïj,
iyh iy /ljrKh ,efnk nj fï
jk úg fkdryila' m%cd;ka;j % d§
rdcHhla f,i wm fï iïnkaO;dj
ì| oeñh hq;= hs' nyq;r wd.ñl
lKavdhïj, isák iduldó isú,a
jeishka ;jÿrg;a ;%i; a ixúOdkj,
iyhlhka fyda wkq.dñlhka njg
m;a ùu je<elaúh hq;= hs' ta i|yd
jvd jeo.;a jkafka wm Tjqka iuÕ
.kqfokq lrk wdldrh hs' nyq;r
a .a idudkH uqi, a ïs m%cdj;a m%Odk
Odrdfõ uqi, a ïs foaYmd,k mlaI
iy bia,dï wd.ñl ixúOdk;a fï
wjia:dfõ§ iq¿ msßila úiska l%h s djg
kÕk ðydâ ;%i; a jd§ l%h
s dldrlï
m%;ls f
a Iam lr ;sfnkjd' tfia u thg
tfrys j lghq;= lrk wdh;kj,g
;ukaf.a iyh o m< lrñka isákjd'
fuf,i ;%i; a jd§kaf.a iydhl
uOHia:dk wysñ lsÍfuka Tjqkf a .a
l%h
s dldrlï ;jÿrg;a bÈßhg f.k
hEu l< fkdyels jkq we;s'
f,dalfha úúO ixúOdk iy
wdh;kh w;r mj;sk in|;d
je<elaùu w;sYh ÿIalr ld¾hhla'
th md,kh l< yelafla o rdcHhka
iuÕ ióm iïnkaO;d f.dvkeÕSu
u`.ks a muK hs' ta w¾:fhka fï
wd.ñl ;%i; a jdohg wkqn, fok
lsiÿs wkq.d% yl rdcHhla f,dal
foaYmd,kfha y÷kd.; fkdyels ùu
f,dal m%cdj ,nk úYd, ch.%yKhla
nj fuys§ i`oyka l< hq;= hs'
fï ;%i;a ixúOdkj, kdhlhka
bj;a lsÍu u`.k s ;
q a fï ;%i;a
ixúOdkj, l%h s dldß;ajh wvmK
l< yels hs' w,alhsvd ixúOdkfha
l%h
s dldß;ajh fndfydaÿrg wvmK
fldg we;af;a Tjqkf a .a kdhl
ìka,dâka úkdY lsÍfuka' tfia u
fï fudfydf;a f.da,h S w¾nqohla jk
wd.ñl ;%i; a jdoh mrdch lsÍfï§
lsiÿs fNaohlska f;dr j ish¨ rgj,a
iyh §ug bÈßm;a ù isàu;a b;d
jeo.;a' wm tu yia;h ndr.; hq;f a ;a
f.da,hS uÜgfuka l%h s d;aul jk
;%i;a jdohla mrdch l< yelafla
f.da,hS iyfhda.; s dfjka u jk ksid'
fï fudfydf;a fï wka;jd§
;%i;
a jdofha iajNdjh jgyd .ksñka
Tjqkfa .a Wml%uj,g yiq fkdù
wjfndaOfhka lghq;= lsÍfuka wm
bÈßfha we;s ;%i;
a NS;h
s uq¿ukska u
mrdch l< yels jkq we;s'
ldxpkd isßj¾Ok
ljqo fï
urdf.k uefrk
fndaïnlrejka@
wdpd¾h ldka;s fyÜáf.dv
idhksl ufkdaúoHd{
fld;,dj, wdrlaIl
úYajúoHd,h
j ¾;udk ;%ia;jdoh hkq
wd¾Ól" foaYmd,k" wd.ñl
iy ufkdaúoHd;aul wd§ ish¨
uqyqKqjrska hq;= ixl,khla'
miq.sh od t,a, jQ ;%ia; m%ydrh
wd.ñl yd foaYmd,ksl uqyqKqjr
tlg tlaj we;e hs u;=msgg
fmkqK o fï msgqmi ieÕù ;sfnk
udkisl idOl fudkjdo hkak
wOHhkh lsÍu ldf,daÑ; hs'
urdf.k uefrk ;%ia;jdÈfhla
ìys lsÍu ir, ld¾hhla fkdfj
hs' ta ms<sn`o j wOHhkh lsÍu;a
ÿIalr hs' mqyqKq l< iy mqyqKq jQ
;%ia;jd§ka ;ukaf.a wruqK lrd
<`.dùug ishÈú kid.;a ksid
Tjqka ms<sn`o j m¾fhaIK l<
fkdyels hs' tfia wruqKq lrf.k
meñKs y;r fokl= ;ju;a
Ôj;=ka w;r isák njg ;yjqre
ù ;sfnk ksid Tjqka j y`ÿkd
.; yels kï urdf.k uefrk
fndaïnlrejka iïnkaOfhka fyd`o
wOHhkhla l< yels hs' urdf.k
uefrk fndaïnlrejka kj fokl=
tljr mqyqKq lr tl u wruqKla
fjkqfjka tl u Èkhl§ fufyh
jQ m%:u wjia:dj o fuh hs'
urdf.k uefrk ;%ia;jdoS ld¾hh
iïmQ¾K ùug wjYH ia:r ;=kla
;sfnk nj fï iïnkaOfhka isÿ
l< m¾fhaIKj,ska fidhdf.k
;sfhkjd' urdf.k uefrk ;%ia;
m%ydrhla isÿ lsÍug iQodkï
ñksfila isàu" Bg wjYH iudc
n,mEï iys; miq;,hla ks¾udKh
ùu" ;%ia;jdÈhdf.a fiajh ,nd
.kakd wdh;khla ;sîu tu ia:r
;=k hs' fï i`oyd iQodkï jkakka
;ks ;ks j wNsfm%arKh ùu hs
iqúfYaI;ajh' fujeks ld¾hhlg
myiqfjka wNsfm%arKh úh yelafla
ljr whl=g o hk ldrKh b;d
jeo.;a' tys§ ms<s.;a iudchla isáh
hq;= hs fï ld¾hh ùr l%shdjla
f,i olsk iy Tjqka j ùrhka
f,i ms<s.kakd' urdf.k uefrk
fndaïnlre ùrfhla o@ hkak hï
flkl=g issf;kakg mq¿jka' tu
u;jdoh ksjerÈ lrkak hs wm
wksjd¾fhka u W;aidy .; hq;af;a'
fï mqxÑ rfgka h<s urdf.k
uefrk fndaïnlrefjla ìys
fkdúh hq;= hs'
urdf.k uefrk ;%ia;jdÈfhla
ìys fjkafka udkisl úlD;s;djla
fkdfyd;a fjk;a flkl= úiska
;j flkl=f.a ukfia we;s
lrk ,o úlD;s;djla fya;=fjka'
idudkHfhka iEu mqoa.,hl= u ;u
Ôú;hg wdofrhs jf.a u o`vqjug
nh hs' wújdofhka u wm mßirhg
wkqj¾;kh ù isákafka wfma
Ôú;h wdrlaId lr.kak' ´kE
u wjia:djl§ wm j /flkak
mq¿jka wdldrfhkq hs wfma Ôj
úµd;aul ld¾hhka ish,a,;a isÿ
fjkafka' fï iajNdúl mßirhg
tfrys j ukqIHfhla fldfydu o
úkdYh f;la fmd<Ujkafka" Bg
keUqre ùug ;sìh hq;af;a l=uk
fl!Y,Hhla o@ hkak fidhd ne,sh
hq;= hs' fï iïnkaOfhka lreKq
fy<s lrk ufkdaffjµjre iy
ufkdaúoHd{hka fmkajd fokafka
fuh udkisl fi!LHh ms<n s `o
.eg¨jla fya;f= jka idudkH wdldrfha
ishÈú kid.ekSula yd iudk jk
nj' Ôú;h iïnkaOfhka jk
l,lsÍu;a iu`. urK wdYh ksid
fudjqka fï wNsfhda.hg <`.d
2019 cQks 01
29 foi;sh
fjk nj;a fuys§ fmkajd fok
;j;a lreKla' fuh ;ukaf.a
wd.u fyda cd;sh fyda fjkqfjka
Èú ms§ula f,i ie,lsh fkdyels
nj mjik msßi Bg jvd fjkia
úlD;s udkisl l%shdj,shla fuhg
fyA;= jk nj fmkajd fokjd'
flfia fj;;a fï iïnkaOfhka
uE;ld,Sk j fndfyda wOHhk isÿ
flfrñka mej;=K o ;jÿrg;a
tl`.;djlg meñK keye'
ufkdaúfYaI{hka fmkajd
fokafka fm!reI;ajfha we;s
lsishï ÿ¾j,lula iu`. fï úlD;s
udkisl;ajh we;s jk nj hs'
fujeks mqoa.,hkaf.a fm!reI;ajfha
biau;= jk hefmk iq¿ mrdëk
iajNdjh ksid ;jfll=g wjYH
wdldrhg myiqfjka u yiqrejkak
mq¿jka' ;udf.a u u;hla fyda
yDoidlaIshla fkdue;s fudjqka
j lKavdhfï wjYH;djg"
kdhlhdf.a u;hg fyda iudc
n,mEug fyda k;= ùfï yelshdj
jeä hs' mYapd;a jHik ld,fha
fudjqka iïnkaOfhka úúO u;
fkdfhla udOHj,ska m< fjkjd'
ksoiqka f,i zfufyu .sfhd;a
wmsg;a fjkafka urdf.k uefrkak
;uhsZ jeks woyia wm fkd±kqj;aj
u ck;dj w;rg hEu t;rï iqn
keye' úfYaIfhka u wfma ;reK
mrïmrdj fï iïnkaOfhka
isákafka wjodkï l,dmfha'
m¾fhaIK f,dalfha wOHhkj,ska
fy<s lrk mßÈ urdf.k uefrk
foi;sh 30
2019 cQks 01
ufkdaúfYaI{hka
fmkajd fokafka
fm!reI;ajfha we;s
lsishï ÿ¾j,lula
iu`. fï úlD;s
udkisl;ajh we;s
jk nj hs' fujeks
mqoa.,hkaf.a
fm!reI;ajfha biau;=
jk hefmk iq¿
mrdëk iajNdjh
ksid ;jfll=g wjYH
wdldrhg myiqfjka u
yiqrejkak mq¿jka'
fndaunlrejka f,i jeä jYfhka
fhdod .efkkafka wjqreÿ 18 - 35
w;r jhfia ;reK msßñ <uhska '
tfy;a fï ;;a;ajh fjkia jQ
wjia:djkag WodyrK o f,dal
b;sydifha fndfyda ;sfhkjd'
hefmk iy u`. yßk fm!reIh
fya;=fjka fudjqka fmf<k l=uk
wiykhlska fyda mSvkhlska
fyda ñfokak fujeks ;%ia;
l%shdjkag keUqre úh yels hs' fï
udkisl;ajh mßiaiñka f;areï
.; hq;= hs jf.a u fuh ÿ¾j,jQ;a
úlD;sjQ;a udkisl;ajhla hkak
iudch ±kqj;a lsÍu;a jeo.;a'
tys§ mdúÉÑ lrk kduúfYaIK
mo ^uyd m%ydrfha uyd fud<lre&"
fudjqkaf.a mjq,a mßirh"
wOHdmksl miqìu jf.A u m%ydrfha
ie,iqï iy.; nj iïnkaOfhka
jk Okd;aul m%;srEmh biau;=
lrkak W;aidy fkd.; hq;= hs'
fudjqkag ùr;ajhla wdrEV lr
ckm%sh fjkak wjia:djla ÿkafkd;a
iudcfha fujeks udkisl;ajhlg
keUqre úh yels jeäysáhkag jf.a
u ;reKhkag jerÈ mKsúvhla
ikaksfõokh fjkak mq¿jka'
;reKhka hkq l<yldÍ foaj,a
lrkak ks;e;ska u fm<fUk"
kS;s Í;s ms<smÈkak wlue;s"
wk;=reodhl foaj,a isÿlr lemS
fmkSug leu;s msßila' fï
;%ia;jd§ p¾hdjg fujeks ,laIK
wdrEV lsÍfï§ fkd±k fyda isÿúh
yels jerÈ iïnkaOfhka jvd;a
l,amkdldÍ úh hq;= hs' ta ksi
hs iEu udOHhlska u ^lg l;d
we;=¿ j& hula m%pdrh lroa§
jrla fojrla fkdj f;jrla
u is;sh hq;af;a' ñksil= úiska
;j;a ñksil=g tfrys j lrk ,o
jHikhlska we;s jk udkisl
;=jd, yß u .eUqre hs' ñksiqka
;u wd;auh ksrdjrKh lrk
foajia:dkj,§ iy úfõlh
úfkdaofhka .; lrk fydag,a
mßY% ;=<§ fujeks l%shd isÿùu
;j;a nrm;, hs' fï ksid tluq;=
j Ôj;a jk ck;d is;a ;=< iqj
fkdjk ;=jd, yokak W;aidy
fkdl< hq;= hs'
ufyaIsld Èidkdhl
 fvx.=
ysi Tijk ,l=Kq

m% Odk
fi!LH
.eg¨jla njg
kd.ÍlrKh;a
iuÕ jeäjk
ck.ykhg idfmalaI
m;a j we;s fvx.= j wjYH;d fuka u
frda.h miq.sh jirg há;, myiqlï
jvd fï jif¾ uq,a udi ixj¾Okh
y;r ;=< jeä ùula fmkakqï l< hq;= hs' tu
lrkafka úúO jevigyka ixj¾Ok ld¾hj,
uÕska ta ms<sn| uyck;dj w;=re n,mEula f,i
oekqj;a lrñka ;sìh§' fï uÿrejka
jif¾ jd¾;d jQ fvx.= úfYaIfhka u fndaúh yels
frda.Ska ixLHdj 16"000la ia:dk ms<sn|
li< ksis mßÈ
o urK 23la j wjOdkfhka isàu
o fjkjd' fï neyer lsÍu yd jeo.;a'
;;a;ajh l<ukdlrKh
lsÍu iïnkaOfhka
l%shd;aul wLKav
ie,ls,a,g f.k fi!LH yd foaYSh
jevms<sfj<la ms<sn| hï f.dvke.s,a,la ie,iqï
ffjoH wud;HdxYh úiska miq.sh wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfï isg ckmolrKh olajd;a
od cd;sl uÿre u¾ok jevigyk l< hq;= hs' Bg bka bÈßhg;a uyck fi!LH
i|yd Èk ;=kla m%ldYhg m;al<d' wjYH kS;s m%;sm;a;s ms<sn| ie,ls,su;a ùu w;HjY
uehs ui 8" 9" 10 f;Èk ;=< hs' úfYaIfhka u li< ksis mßÈ
iïmdokh wo
uÿre u¾ok jevigyka l%shdjg neyer lsÍu yd l<ukdlrKh
kexùug wjYH lghq;= ixúOdkh w;HjYH lreKla' lsÍu iïnkaOfhka l%shd;aul
jqfKa Èia;%slal 18l hs' fujr tu yqfola th fvx.=j,g wLKav jevms<sfj<la ms<sn|
jevigykg rfÜ mj;sk wdrlaIs; muKla fkdj ó WK" wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= hs' Bg
;;a;ajh fya;=fjka wdrlaIl wxY c, NS;sldj jeks wjYH kS;s m%;sm;a;s iïmdokh
iyNd.S fkdjQ w;r lafIa;% fi!LH wo w;HjYH lreKla' yqfola th
ks,OdÍka fuka u i¾fjdaoh yd
frda. u¾okhg o fvx.=j,g muKla fkdj ó WK"
r;=l=rei idudðlhka Bg il%Sh j msgqjy,la fjkjd' c, NS;sldj jeks frda. u¾okhg o
odhl jqKd' msgqjy,la fjkjd'
rgj,aj, fvx.= frda.k
S a ixLHdj
fvx.= u¾ok úfYaI tallh by< hs' ;ukaf.a wjg jgmsgdj niakdysr m<d; we;=¿ m%foaY
m%ldYhg m;alrkq ,enqfõ fvx.= msßisÿ lsÍug i;shlg jrla wju lsysmhlg u wfma%,a" uehs" cqks
jix.; ;;a;ajhla we;sùu jYfhka úkdä 30l ld,hla jeh udij, ,efnk ksß;È. fudaiï
je<elaùfï wruq‚ka' fï ksid u lrkafka kï frda.h me;sÍfï j¾Idj iy W;=re kef.kysr we;=¿
jix.; frda.hla f,i l%ufhka wjodku wju lr.; yels nj úh<s l,dmhg Tlaf;dan¾ isg
cdkmÈl ;;a;ajfhka jHdma; jk cd;sl fvx.= u¾ok tallfha wOHlaI ckjdß olajd udih f;la ,efnk
yis; ;sfiard wjOdrKh lrkjd'
2019 cQks 01
31 foi;sh
BidkÈ. fudaiï j¾Idj mj;sk
ld,h furg fvx.= wjodku
jeä ld, jljdkq f,i y÷kd
.efkkjd' läka lv ,efnk
j¾Idj iuÕ c,h /iajk ia:dk
ms<sn| ksrka;r wjOdkh wjYH
jkafka fvx.= frda.h h<s ysi
Tijk njg ,l=Kq my< ù we;s
neúka'
cd;sl fvx.= u¾ok tallh
Èia;%slal 18l § f;dard.;a ksheÈ
wkqj fvx.= uÿrejka fndaúh
yels ia:dk iïnkaOfhka isÿl<
ksÍlaIKj,§ wkdjrKh ù we;af;a
70]la u ;sfnkafka fvx.= uÿrejka
jeä jYfhka u fndaúh yels ia:dk
nj hs'
oekgu;a uÿrejka mßirhg
wkqj¾;kh fjñka ish jHdma;sh
jeä lr.ekSu fuf,i uÿrejka
fndajk ia:dk jeäùug úfYaI
fya;=jla ù we;s nj fi!LH
wOHlaI ckrd,a wks,a cdisxy
mjikjd' fyf;u jeäÿrg;a
i|yka lrkafka fld<U k.r
iSudj ;=< ;snQ fvx.= wjodku fï
jkúg bka mßndysr fmfoiaj,g
jHdma; fjñka ;sîu ksid tu
m%foaY wêwjodkï l,dm f,i
kï lsÍug isÿj we;s nj' fvx.=
uÿrejd f;dard fírd fkdf.k
;ukag urKh f.k fok nj wm
fkdis;Su fíojdplhla' cd;sl
foi;sh 32
2019 cQks 01
fvx.= u¾ok tallfha ksheÈ
mÍlaId lsÍfuka meyeÈ,s jkafka
m%cdj fld;rï oekqj;a l<;a wod<
n,OdÍka fïjd ksis f,i l%shd;aul
fkdlrk njla'
fvx.= ffjrifha m%fNao y;rla
ffjµ úµdfjka fidhdf.k we;s
w;r tajd Serotype j¾.fha Den
1, Den 2, Den 3, Den 4 f,i kï
flfrkjd' fï tla ldKavhla
u`.ska frda.h je<§ miqj fyda
tu wjia:dfõ u ;j;a ldKavhla
uÕska frda.h we;sùug bvlv
mj;skjd' fï ldKav y;r w;=ßka
b;d u oreKq ldKavhla jk Den
2 fvx.= rla;md; ;;a;ajh yd
lïmk ;;a;ajh we;s lsÍug iu;a'
tla ldKavhlska frda.h je<£
iqjm;a jQ miq wod< ldKavhg
frda.Shd m%;sYla;SlrKh jqj o
wfkla ldKavj,g wdrlaIdjla bka
,efnkafka keye'
fvx.= ffjrih YÍr.; jQ iEu
mqo.
a ,hl= ;=<ks a u frda.S ,laIK
fmkakï q lsÍula isÿ fkdjqK o
we;eï mqo. a ,hkag ffjrih we;=¿ ù
Tjqkg a fkd±kSu m%;Y s la;lS rKh o
isÿúh yels hs' frda. ,laIK fndfyda
úg u;= jkafka m%;Y s la;lS rK
moaO;sfha ;djld,sl fyda iaÓr fydA
jYfhka W!K;d we;s whg úh yels
hs' fuysoS ;djld,sl W!K;d i|yd
fya;= úhyelafla wêl wd;;sh"
wúfõlS nj" ukao fmdaIKh"
Èhjeähdj jeks fndafkdjk frda.
iy iuyr T!IOj, n,mEï fuka
u úúO mßir ;;a;aj hs' cdkmÈl
rgj, tljrlg jvd mqo. a ,hl=g
fvx.= ffjrih YÍrhg we;=¿ùug
mq¿jka' m<uqjr YÍr.; ùfï§
iq¿ frda. ,laIK fmkakï q l<;a
fojeksjr YÍr.; jkúg fmrg
jvd Nhdkl ,laIK fmkakï q l<
yels hs' tu frda.k
S a wksjd¾hfhka
u frday,a.; ù m%;l s dr ,nd.; hq;=
fjkjd' fvx.= frda.k S a wdrlaId lsÍu
i|yd fï jk úg rg mqrd frda.S
i;aldr fiajd jeäÈhqKq lsÍug rch
mshjr f.k we;s nj hs ffjµ wks,a
cdisxy mjid isáfha'
reêr mÍlaIdjlska fvx.= hehs
;yjqre lr.kakd f;la iqÿiqlï
fkd,;a ffjoHjrekaf.ka m%;l s dr
.ekSfuka fyda ffjµ Wmfoiaj,ska
f;drj fõokd kdYl Ndú;
fkdlr fyda isàu;aa jeo.;a' flfia
fj;;a frda. ,laIK u;= jQ ú.i
wksjd¾hfhka u frday,a.; ù ksis
m%;l
s dr ,nd.ekSug fhduq ùfuka
fvx.= frda.h ksid we;súh yels
Nhdkl ixl+,;dj,ska wdrlaId úh
yels nj wm ;rfha is;g .; hq;=
lreKla'
^fi!LH m%j¾Ok ld¾hdxYfha
meje;s udOH iïuka;K% hla weiqßka&
ufkdacd iurkdhl
kj
kj ks
ksmmehqehq
ïï
; uka Ôj;a jkafka ;j;a flá
ld,hla jqj tu ld,h ;=<
udkj iudchg hula l< hq;=
hehs wÈgka lr.;a Èßh Èh‚hl
ms<sn|j wikakg ,efnkjd' weh
uykqjr mÈxÑldßhl jQ Yúks
m%kdkaÿ' Yúks widudkH frda.S
;;a;ajhlska mSvd ú¢k 34 yeúßÈ
;re‚hla' fï jk úg wefußldfõ
Ôj;a jk weh ;ud jeks widudkH
frda.S ;;a;ajhlska fmf<k
mqoa.,hka Wfoid kj WmlrKhla
ks¾udK lsÍug iu;a ù isákjd'
2015 jif¾ úfkdao pdßldjl
ksr; j isáh§ Yúksf.a uqyqK
tljr u ks,a meyehg yefrkakg
jqKd' ;udg weÿu frda.h we;s
ksid tfia jkakg we;ehs is;+
weh ffjoHjrhl= yuq jqKd' tys§
flreKq mÍlaIKj,ska wehf.a
yojf;a isÿrla we;ehs y÷kd.kq
,enqjd' ffjoHjrhd wehg lSfõ
zz,xldfõ fkdj f,dj fldfyaj;a
Tfí frda.hg m%;sldr keye' Tng
Ôj;a jkakg yelafla ;j wjqreÿ
folla muKhsZZ hkqfjka'
ffojhg
ffjoH úoHdjg
wNsfhda. l<
,xldfõ
fjdkav¾
jquka
ffjoHjrhdf.a fï m%ldYfhka
fldamhg;a fõokdjg;a m;a Yúks
úfoaYhlg f.dia ;u frda.
hg m%;sldr .ekSug is;=jd' ;u
fidfydhqßh wefußldfõ Ôj;ajk
neúka tys f.dia m%;sldr .ekSu
uekjhs is;+ weh wefußldfõ
fcdaka fydmalskaia frday,
fj; .shd' weh mÍlaId l<
ffjoHjrekaf.a ks.ukh jQfha
weh whsikafukac¾ iskafv%dauh
kue;s w;s ÿ¾,N frda.S ;;a;ajfhka
fmf<k nj hs' th Wmf;a isg we;s
jQ yojf;a isÿrla ksid we;sjk
;;a;ajhla' jir 33la mqrd weh
furg úúO úfYaI{ ffjoHjreka
fj; fhduq flreK o Tjqka ish¨
,xldfõ fkdj f,dj fokdf.a u u;h jqfKa weh weÿu
fldfyaj;a Tfí frda. frda.fhka fmf<k njg hs' weÿu
hg m%;sldr keye' frda.h hehs is;d lrk ,o jerÈ
m%;sldr fya;=fjka tA jk úg
Tng Ôj;a jkakg
Yúksf.a fmky¨ iy yoj;g ydks
yelafla ;j wjqreÿ isÿù ;snqKd' jir y;lg fmr weh
folla muKhs m%;sldr i|yd meñ‚fha kï weh
iqjm;a l< yels j ;snqfKa hehs o
tu ffjoHjreka mejiqjd' wehf.a
yoj;g Tlaiscka iemhqu wvqùu
2019 cQks 01
33 foi;sh
ksid wjia:d lsysmhl§ u wef.a Èú
.e,jqfKa wkQkjfhka' jrla tlajr
u wef.a yoj; iïmQ¾Kfhka u
kej;=Kd' túg weh ;u mmqjg
myrj,a lsysmhla § h<s yoj;
mK.kajd .;a;d' tfyhska wehg
hk hk ieu ;ekl u Tlaiscka
iys; u,a,la f.k hdug isÿù
;sfnkjd'
weh ì%;dkHfha fmdÜiau;a
úYajúoHd,fhka mß.Kl bxðfkare
Wmdêhla yd TiafÜ%,shdfõ tä;a
fldjkaa úYajúoHd,fhka mYapdoa
Wmdêhla o yeoErE ;re‚hla' ;u
frda.hg m%;sldr .kakd w;r ld,h
kslrefKa jeh lsÍug wlue;s
jQ weh weußldfõ fcdaÊgjqka
úYajúoHd,hg we;=<;a j ;j;a
mYapdoa Wmdêhla yeoEÍug ;SrKh
l<d'
ks;r ;ud uqyqK fok .eg¨j
jk yoj;g Tlaiscka iemhqu
wvqùu l,ska y÷kd .ekSu i|yd
lsishï WmlrKhla ks¾udKh
lsÍfï woyi wehg wdfõ fï
w;r;=r hs' ffjoHjrhdg ;u
woyi mejiQ Yúksg Tyq lSfõ
tjekakla ks¾udKh lrkafka kï
foi;sh 34
2019 cQks 01
;u ks¾udKh i|yd
fmagkaÜ n,m;%hla o ,nd
we;s Yúksf.a wruqK
fï jif¾ Tlaf;danrh
jk úg tu WmlrKh
wfkl=;a frda.Skaf.a
m%fhdackh i|yd uqÞ
yeÍug hs'
;ud o Wmldr lrk nj hs' tA wkqj
weh tjeks WmlrKhla ks¾udKh
l<d' tu WmlrKfhka wehf.a
yoj;g wjYH Tlaiscka m%udKh
wju jk úg ix×jla ksl=;a
flrk w;r yoj; wls%h jkafka
kï wehf.a ÿrl;kh Tiafia trg
yÈis weu;=ï wxlh jk 911 wxlhg
ÿrl;k m‚úvhla o ksl=;a
flfrkjd'
weh ;u WmlrKh kj
ks¾udKlrejka i|yd meje;afjk
ndla gEkala ;r.hg o bÈßm;a
l<d' tys§ ch.%yKh l< wehg tA
i|yd fvd,¾ 35000l uqo,a ;Hd.
hla o ysñ jqKd' ;u ks¾udKh
i|yd fmagkaÜ n,m;%hla o ,nd
we;s Yúksf.a wruqK fï jif¾
Tlaf;danrh jk úg tu WmlrKh
wfkl=;a frda.Skaf.a m%fhdackh
i|yd uqÞ yeÍug hs' túg fujeks
frda. ;;a;ajfhka mSvd ú¢k
fndfyda msßilg ;u yoj;g
,efnk Tlaiscka m%udKh wju
jk nj l,ska y÷kdf.k thg
wjYH m%;sl¾u fh§ug wjldY
ie,fikjd' weh tu WmlrKh
kï lr we;af;a zTlais fjhd¾Z
kñka' th frda.shdf.a lklg
iïnkaO flfrk w;r bka ksl=;a
flfrk ix× tu mqoa.,hdf.a
ÿrl;kh u`.ska ,nd.; yels hs'
fcda¾Êgjqka úYajúoHd,fha
2018$2019 jif¾ úYsIag; u mYapdoa
WmdêOdßksh f,i kï flrefKa o
Yúks m%kdkaÿ'
;j;a jir lsysmhla ;=<
Yúksf.a yoj; yd fmky¨ noaO
l< hq;= hs' tA i|yd jehjk uqo,
weußldkq fvd,¾ ñ,shkhla' fï
jk úg weh fvd,¾ ,laI y;rla
muK fidhd .ekSug iu;a fj,d'
b;sß uqo, fidhd .ekSu i|yd weh
fï Èkj, fjfyfikjd' fuf;la
zfjdkav¾ jqukaZ f,i ñ;=rka weh
j ye¢kajQ w;r ±ka y÷kajkafka
zñ,shka fvd,¾ jqukaZ f,iska'
flfia jqj o tu Y,Hl¾ufhka
miqj o wehg Ôj;a úh yelafla
jir 5la jeks ld,hla hehs
ffjoHjreka mjid ;sfnkjd'
tA" Y,Hl¾ufhka miq wehf.a
isref¾ m%;sYla;sh wju jk neúka'
tfy;a ;s%udK fmkye,a,la u`.ska
tu ;;a;ajh u|la md,kh l<
yels neúka tjeks fmkye,a,la
ks¾udKh lsÍu i|yd fï Èkj,
m¾fhaIK meje;afjkjd' th
id¾:l jqjfyd;a Yúksg jir 5lg
jvd jeä ld,hla Ôj;a fjkak
wjia:dj ie,fiaú'
^îîiS weiqßka&
ms%hkacka iqf¾Ia o is,ajd
isiskkudj
udj

tA "1962 j¾Ih hs' j¾Kj;a

Èúießfha ñ;%;ajh
ksõfhda¾la k.rh neÆ
ne,aug iduldñ hs' uy uÕ
irkafka t oji r: jdyk hs'
ix.S;h" .S;h" rd;S% iudc Yd,d"
lrkafka Wla; iqmqreÿ nj ms<sn| fjkjd' th biau;= jkafka Tjqka
l=udr ðú;h fia u ueo mdka;sl
idOl ;sìh §u hs' ieneúka u th fofokd iq,n ukqIHhka njg m;a
Ôú;h o t oji uQ¾;su;a lrkafka
GREEN BOOK ys biau;= ùu fkdlsÍu ksi hss' iïu; uOHu
w;sYfhdala;shlska f;drj hs'
wNsfhda.hg ,la lrkakls' tfia u mdka;sl l=,f.hl fjfik fgdaks
iskudlre Peter Farrelly m<uq
tys ks¾udKYS,s;ajh ikd: lrk iajNdjfhka u l,n,ldrfhla'
mshjf¾ mgka u jEhï lrkafka
msúiqula njg o m;a fjkjd' lsisjl=g .re ire olajkafka
t oji tf,iska u m%;sks¾udKh
b|ysg hs' ;ud fiajh lrk
lsÍug' w;S; pu;aldrh
Peter Farrelly fm%alaIlhd rd;S% iudc Yd,dfõ mßmd,khg
j¾;udkh lrd f.k tkakg
wNshi ksrEmKh lrk j¾I Tyqf.a Þhl;ajh jeo.;a jqj;a
w;S; pu;aldrh" w;S; ldufha
1962 ksõfhda¾la k.rh Y=oaO ±ka Tyq ú/lshdfjka fmf<kjd'
ksjqka fidfydhqrl= fia Peter
weußldkqjka fkdjk fofokl=f.a iskudmgfha úÈhg wdpd¾h I¾,s
Farrelly woyia lrkakg we;s'
;rul wyUq yuqùula isÿ jk ix.S;{fhla' Tyqf.a Ôjk ú,dih
j¾;udk iq,n Ôjk ú,difhka
miqìula fia y÷kajd fok j. ks;H f,dalfha ld,amksl wÈhrlg
fyïn;a j isákakjqka w;S;h ñysß
meyeÈ,s hs' iskudmgh tAldldr yd lsÜgq hs'
hehs úYajdi lrkafka yeÕSïnr
kSri fkdjkq ms‚i fï fofokd
ksfïIhl§ hs' Y+r iskudlrejl=g
fmkS isákafka iskudmgh .,d hk iuld,Sk weußldkq iudch
fuh ie,lsh hq;= jdishla' wNskj
w;rjdrfha fm%alaIlhkag wd.ka;=l ms<sn| iQlaIau lsheùulg W;aiql
ks¾udKhlg WÑ; miqìula'
fkdjk mßÈ hs' jk iskudlre fï fofokd
iuyr úg funkaol= w;S;fha isg
^fgdaks yd I¾,s& tlu ;,hlg
mjikafka j¾;udkhg iqmqreÿ
tla wfhla b;d,s - weußldkq le`ojkafka iskudmgh tla;rd
hula úh yels hs' tfy;a wmQ¾j;ajh
ñY%Khla' fya fgdaks je,f,dka.d m%fõ.j;a wÈhrlg fhduq lrñka'
yd wdiajdoh bÈßfha tys kSri fyda
^Tony Vallelonga& hs' wfkld ;kslv wdpd¾h I¾,sg ix.S; m%ix.
tAldldr nj fyda ieÕù hkafka
wms%ldkq - weußldkq ñY%Khla' ud,djla i|yd f;i;shl §¾>
ksrdhdifhka'
kñka fvdk,aâ I¾,s ^Donald ixpdrhl ksr; jkakg isÿ fjkjd'
Shirley& h' j¾K fNao ms<sfj;a Tyqg wjeis jkafka ;udj le|jd
Peter Farrelly ish kj; u
;jÿrg;a u| mu‚ka fyda ils%h f.k hdug iQÞkï ßhÿrl= muKla
jD;a;dka; iskud mgh jk
weußldkq foaYh ms<sn| lsishï u fkdjk mqoa.,sl iylrefjla'
GREEN BOOK fufia wdrïN
l;sldjlg fuh wk.s y÷kajd§ula fgdaks - I¾,s wr.,ldÍ in|;dj
2019 cQks 01
35 foi;sh

werfUkafka tfia hs' tA fgdaks
ms<sn| hï frluÞrejlska wk;=re j
I¾,s ;SrKhla .ekSu;a iuÕ hs'
miq.h
s Þ meje;s 91 jeks Tiald¾
iïudk Wf<f,a§ fyd|u iskudmgh
we;=¿ m%uLq iïudk ;s;% j
a h u
GREEN BOOK úiska Èkd .kq
,enqfõ újdÞ;aul jgdmsgdjla
uOHfha  hs' úpdr ;SrK yd m%noq O
a Tiald¾ iïudkh Èkd .kafka
risl tlÕ;d w;r mriamr;d
mej;Su úfgl ifya;l = hs' iïudk
i|yd ks¾foaY ùu o iïudkkSh
f,i ms<. s efkkafka fï ;;=
ksidfjka' lsiús fgl;a iïudk
i|yd;a ks¾foaY fkdjQ úYsIg a
Þhl;ajhla jqj uqK .efik j.
ryila fkdfj hs'
GREEN BOOK fyd|u
iskudmghg ysñ Tiald¾ iïudkh;a
fyd|u ;srkdglhg ysñ iïudkh;a
Èkd .;af;a hf:dal;a újdÞ;aul
nj ;Sj% lrñka' iskudj lsheùfï
;j;a wdldr mj;sk j. o tu`.ks a
wjOdrKh flfrkjd'
GREEN BOOK ys ;srkdglh
rpkd lrkafka ;sfokl= yjq,a
ùfuka' bka tla whl= jkafka Bg
mdol jQ i;H isÿùï ud,dfõ tk
fgdaks je,f,dka.df.a mq;= jk
Nick Vallelonga hs' flfia fj;;a
iskudmgh lsis f,ilska fyda fgdakg
s wdpd¾h I¾,s l¿ cd;slhl= ùu
mlaImd;S wdldrhla kï fkdfmkajk
w;r ;sr kdgl rplhka ;sfokd u
fgdaks yd wdpd¾h I¾,s foi iudk j
n,kakg W;aidy lrkjd'
foi;sh 36
2019 cQks 01
fyd`ou iydh k¿jdg ysñ
wdpd¾h I¾,sf.a pß;h ksrEmKh
l< Mahershala Ali hs' iskud mgh
u;=msáka lshjk fm%alaIlhl=g
iïuqL jkafka fgdaks yd wdpd¾h
I¾,s hk fohdldr ñksiqka
fofofkla'
tfy;a fgdaks yd I¾,s §¾>
ixpdrh w;r;=r ,nk w;a±lSï
iuyrla ksid iskudmgh u;=msg
wre;a blaujk wjia:d lrd .uka
lrkjd' bka lshfjkafka GREEN
BOOKys m%Odk pß; oaú;ajh ,nk
w;a±lSï iuQyh Tiafia iskudmgh
×kkh lr .; hq;= nj hs' tA"
úfYaIfhka u iuld,Sk weußldkq
iudcfha meje;s j¾K fNaojd§
ms<sfj;a ms<sn| ishqï lsheùï u;=
jkafka Tjqkf.a w;a±lSï wdY%fhka
jk ksid' Bg W;am%did;aul yevhla
,nd fokakg o iskudlre yd
;sr kdgl rplhka l,amkd l<
nj fmfkkakg ;sfnkjd' tkï
ksid u mSvdjg ,la jk w;rjdrfha
fgdaks Y=oaO weußldkq iqÿ cd;slhl=
fkdjk j. lshd mEfuka' tfia u
Y=oaO weußldkqjka fkdjqj o iqÿ
cd;slhl= jk fgdaks" l¿ cd;sl
wdpd¾h I¾,sf.a fiajlhl= fia
y÷kd .ekSu o hg lS W;am%did;aul
nj ;Sj% lrkjd' fgdaks yd wdpd¾h
I¾,sf.a §¾> ixpdrh ksud jkafka
k;a;,a Þ rd;s%fha fyïn;a j
isák fgdaks kskaog jeàfuka'
fudag¾ r:h mojkafka Tyqf.a
iajdñhd jk wdpd¾h I¾,s úiska'
Y=oaO weußldkqjd ms<sn| ñ:Hdj
mqmqrd hkafka fï l+gm%dma;shg
iu.dój hs'
fuys § iskudlre
fm%alaIlhkg fkd lshd
ljrdldrfha m%;súfrdaO;d
uOHfha jqj .eUqre yd ifya;=l
ñ;%;ajhlg bvla ;sfnk j.
oefkkakg bv yßkjd' m%pdrl
ld¾hhkays§ iskudmgh y÷kajd
fokafka o 'Inspired By A True
Friendship' hk uefhka'
fuf,i iskudlre Peter
Farrelly iskudmgh GREEN
BOOK kñka y÷kajd fokafka
ixfla;d;aulj hs' GREEN
BOOK hkq t oji weußldkq
l,dmfha irk l¿ cd;slhkaf.a
myiqj ms‚i jQ f;dr;=re
wka;¾.; w;a fmd;la' fï
tla;rd wdldrhlska j¾KfNao
jdofha ms<sìUqjla o fjkjd'
wdpd¾h I¾,s m%N+ me<eka;sfha
f.!rjhg md;% jk ix.S;{hl=
h hkak i;Hhla' iïu; iqÿ
cd;slhka o Tyqf.a risl iudchg
wh;a fjkjd' tfy;a Tyqg uÕ
fmkajkafka hg lS w;a fmd; hs'
fgdaksg th wìnjd hd fkdyels hs'
iskudlre Peter Farrelly g
GREEN BOOK ys m%ñ;sh by<
kexùu ms‚i iydh jQfha Tiald¾
iïudk Èkq ;srkdgl rplhka
yd rx.k Ys,amS Mahershala Ali
muKla u fkdfjhs' ixialrK
YS,ams Patrick J. Donvito o tys
id¾:l;ajh miqmi isákafkla'
;=is; chiqkaor

ñ ,shk 900 lg jeä PkaoÞhlhka
msßila ,shdmÈxÑ ù isá" i;s
yhlg wdikak ld,hla mqrd wÈhr
7 la hgf;a meje;ajK q "q f,dalfha
f,dl= u ue;sjrKh miq.h s Þ
wjika jqKd' tA" bkaÈhdkq uyd
ue;sjrKh hs' wfm%, a a 11 jeks Èk
wdrïN jQ fï ±jeka; ue;sjrKh
uehs 19 jeks Èk olajd meje;s w;r
tys m%;Ms , ks, jYfhka m%ldYhg
m;a jQfha uehs 23 jeks Èk hs' fï
m%;M
s ,j,g wkqj" 2014 jif¾ mgka
u trg w.ue;s Oqrh ork kf¾Jø
fudaÈ kej; jrla w;s úYsIg a chla
ysñ lr.ekSug iu;a  j isákjd'
fujr Tyq iy Tyqf.a mCIh" tkï
Ndr;Sh ck;d mCIh ysñ lrf.k
we;s ch.%yKh 2014 jif¾ Tjqka
ysñ lr.;a ch.%yKh;a blaujd .sh
tlla'
bkaohs dkq md¾,sfïka;f = õ f,dala
iNdfõ wdik 543 la fjkqfjkq hs
fujr ue;sjrKh meje;ajf q Ka' thska
wdik 303 lg wdikak ixLHdjla
Èkd.ekSug fudaÈf.a Ndr;Sh ck;d
mCIhg yels ù ;snK q d' ^tu mCIh
wh;a jk ikaOdkhg wdik 352 la
la ysñ jqKd'& wdKavj q la msygs ùq u
i|yd hï mCIhla fyda ikaOdkhla
Èkd.; hq;f a ;a wdik 272 la
muK hs' fï wkqj wka lsiÿs mCIhl
iyh fkdue;s j jqj o Ndr;Sh
ck;d mCIhg ;ksj u wdKavj q la
msyg
s ù
q ug yelshdj ,eî ;sfnkjd'
2014 jif¾ meje;s ue;sjrKfha§
Ndr;Sh ck;d mCIh Èkd.;af;a
wdik 282 la muKhs' fujr tu
wdik ixLHdj o blaujd hdug fï
mCIhg yelsùu fndfyda fokl=
;=< úu;shla we;s l< ldrKhla
ù ;snK q d' idudkHfhka fndfyda
úfoia ú;a;;
úfoaia ú;a s s
kej;;a
fudaÈg
úYsIag chla
úg isÿjkafka m<uq Oqr ld,fhka
miq rchl ckmsh % ;ajh wvq ù hdu
jqj o fudaÈ th lKmsg yrjd we;s
nj hs fmfkkafka' fï ch.%yKh
;kslr u zfudaÈ idOlhZ u;
,enQ ch.%yKhla f,i hs fndfyda
ksÍCIlhka y÷kajd ;snf q Ka'
fudaÈf.a Ndr;Sh ck;d mCIh
iuÕ ;r. l< m%Odk m%;j s dÈhd jQfha
bkaÈhdkq cd;sl fldx.%ia mCIh hs'
lS¾;su;a w;S;hla iys; fï mCIfha
kdhl;ajh ±rE wh w;r cjy¾,d,a
fkare" bkaÈrd .dkaê" rðõ .dkaê
jeks ±jeka;hka isák nj ljqre;a
okakd ldrKhla' fï jkúg tys
kdhl;ajh orkafka rdyq,a .dkaê
hs' Tyq rðõ .dkaê - fidakh s d .dkaê
fofokd f.a mq;h % d hs' tfy;a kf¾Jø
fudaÈ iuÕ iei£fï§ rdyq,a t;rï
Yla;us ;a kdhlhl= f,i ms<. s ekqfKa
2019 cQks 01
37 foi;sh
keye' fujr ue;sjrKfha§ fldx.%ia
mCIhg w;a ù we;s brKfuka th
fudkjg ms<ì s Uq jk nj i|yka l<
yels hs' fudaÈf.a mCIh wdik 303 lg
lsÜgq ixLHdjla Èkd.kso§a fujr
fldx.%ia mCIhg Èkd.; yels  j
;sfnkafka wdik 52 lg wdikak
ixLHdjla muK  hs' Tjqka we;=<;a
ikaOdkhg iuia;hla f,i wdik
91 la ysñ j ;snK q d' 2014 jif¾ o
fldx.%ia mCIh ,enQ m%;M s ,h b;d u
ÿ¾j, uÜgul hs mej;=fKa' tjr
o Tjqka ysñ lr.;af;a wdik 44
la muK  hs' tu w¾nqofhka mCIh
f.dv .ekSug rdyq,a .dkaêf.a
kdhl;ajhg fkdyels ù we;s nj hs
fmfkkafka' fï ,smh s ,shñka isák
w;r;=r m< jQ udOH jd¾;dj,ska
mejiqfKa Tyq mCI kdhl;ajfhka
b,a,d wiaùug iQÞkï neõ m%ldY
lr we;s nj  hs' hï fyhlska rdyq,a
tfia b,a,d wiajj q fyd;a Tyqg jvd
wdl¾YkSh pß;hla f,i ie,flk
Tyqf.a ke.‚h msh % xld .dkaê mCI
kdhl;ajhg m;ajkq we;a o hk
ielixld o ixirKh fjñka ;sfnkq
±lsh yels jqKd'
miq.hs ld,h ;=< bkaÈhdfõ
wd¾Ólh lsih s ï miqnEulg ,la
jQ w;r ksIm a dokh my< jeàu"
ú/lshdj" .%dóh ck;djf.a wdodhï
wvq ùu jeks >DKd;aul ;;a;j a o
olakg ,enqKd' fï ksid fndfyda
fokd is;f = õ fudaÈg fujr f,dl=
chla ysñ lr .ekSug fkdyels
jkq we;s nj hs' 2018 jif¾ wjika
Nd.fha meje;s m%dka; ue;sjrK
lsyms hlska o Ndr;Sh ck;d mCIhg
ysñ jQfha mrdch  hs' fldx.%ia mCIh
tu ue;sjrKj,ska ch.%yKh ysñ
lr.kakg iu;a  j isáhd' tfy;aa
uyd ue;sjrKfha§ fï ;;a;j a h
wfkla me;a; yerùug Ndr;Sh
ck;d mCIh iu;a  j isákjd' thg
tla fya;=jla f,i ie,flkafka
miq.sh Èkj, bkaÈhdj ;=<
yskÿa jd§" cd;sljd§ yeÕSï jvd;a
W;aikak ùu iy cd;sljd§ mCIhla
jk Ndr;Sh ck;d mCIhg th
jdisÞhl ùu hs' mdlsi; a dkfha isg
foi;sh 38
2019 cQks 01
ue;sjrK
ch.%yKfhka miq
ck;dj wu;ñka
fudaÈ úfYaIfhka
i|yka lr ;snf q Ka
úúO cd;Skga " úúO
wd.ïj,g wh;a
ckfldgia w;r
iu.sh;a" Tjqkg a
iudk wdldrfhka
ie,lSu;a ;yjqre
lrk bkaÈhdjla ìys
lrk nj hs'
lsh
% d;aul jk uqi, a ï
s igkaldó
lKavdhï ldYaórfha fldgila
bkaÈhdfjka ksoyia lr .ekSug igka
lrñka isákjd' iuyr úg Tjqka fï
m%foaY bkaÈhdfjka ksoyia lrf.k
mdlsi; a dkh iuÕ wE|d .kq we;ehs
o ielixld m<fjkjd' bkaÈhdkq
ue;sjrKh wdikak j ;sìh§ miq.
h
s fmnrjdß udifha o fï uqi, a ï
s ch.%yKfhka miq ck;dj wu;ñka
igkaldóka lKavdhula bka§h
wdrCIl fin¿ka .uka .;a r:
fm<lg urdf.k uefrk m%ydrhla
t,a, l<d' thska fin¿ka 46 fokl=
urKhg m;a jqKd' fuhg m%;p s dr
jYfhka bkaÈhdkq hqo .=jkahdkd
mdlsi; a dk iSudjg we;=¿ j by;
lS igkaldókaf.a l|jqrej,g myr
ÿka njla o mejiqKd' miqj bkaÈhdkq
.=jka kshuqjl= mdlsi; a dk yuqÞ úiska
Tjqkf a .a Ndrhg .kakd ,o w;r th
o bkaÈhdj ;=< úYd, wdfõ.hla"
wdkafoda,khla we;s l< isÿùula
jqKd' ^fï .=jka kshuqjd ksoyia
lsÍug mdlsi; a dk rch miqj lghq;=
l<d'& flfia fj;;a" fujeks isÿùï
Tiafia bkaÈhdfõ nyq;rhla jk yskÿa
ckhd ;=< cd;sljd§" foaYfm%óa yeÕSï
jvd;a WKqiï q ùula isÿ jQ w;r th
kf¾Jø fudaÈg iy Ndr;Sh ck;d
mCIhg jdisÞhl miqìula ks¾udKh
l< nj mejish yels's kf¾Jø fudaÈ
m%n, cd;sljd§ kdhlhl= f,i
ie,l=j o fudaÈf.a ch.%yKhg
fya;j= fï cd;sljd§ nj muKla 
u hehs lshkakg;a neye' bkaÈhdkq
wd¾Ólh uE; ld,fha hï muKlg
ÿ¾j, ù mej;=K;a th ;ju;a
f,dalfha fõ.fhka u j¾Okh fjñka
we;s wd¾Ólhla' ishhg 7 l j¾Ok
fõ.hla mj;ajd .ekSug ;ju;a
bkaÈhdkq wd¾Ólhg yels ù ;sfnkjd'
fï w;r fudaÈ iy Ndr;Sh
ck;d mCIh ue;sjrKfha§ ,enQ
iqúYd, ch.%yKh bkaÈhdfõ Ôj;a
jk uqi, a ï
s we;=¿ iq¿ cd;sl ck
fldgia ;=< lsih s ï fkdikaik q a
njla" wd;;shla we;s lsÍug iu;a 
j we;s nj;a ±lsh yels hs' fudaÈf.a
md,k ld,h ;=< trg uqi, a ïs iy
fiiq iq¿ cd;sl fldgiaj,g tfrys 
j lsh
% d;aul jk m%pKav lsh % d jeä
ù we;s nj miq.h s ld,fha ks;r
l;dnyg ,la jQ ldrKhla' fï ksid
fï iq¿ ck lKavdhï is;kafka
Ndr;Sh ck;d mCIfha fujr
ch.%yKh tu m%pKav iy mSvdldÍ
;;a;j a h ;jÿrg;a j¾Okh lsÍug
fya;j = kq we;s nj hs' tfy;a ue;sjrK
fudaÈ úfYaIfhka i|yka lr ;snf q Ka
úúO cd;Skg a " úúO wd.ïj,g wh;a
ckfldgia w;r iu.sh;a" Tjqkg a
iudk wdldrfhka ie,lSu;a ;yjqre
lrk bkaÈhdjla ìys lrk nj h's th
h:d¾:hla njg m;a lsÍfï wNsfhda.h
w.ue;sjrhd we;=¿ kj rchg ch.;
yels jkq we;a o hkak fndfyda fokl=
Wkkaÿfjka n,d isák ldrKhla jkq
we;s'
ksyd,a mSßia
 .eyqfjd;a
.ykjd
^weußld - brdk hqo WKqiqu&
fï Èkj, cd;Hka;r foaYmd,k
lr<sfha úYd, jYfhka
wjOdkhg ,la j we;s ldrKdjla
jkafka weußldj iy brdkh w;r
j¾Okh fjñka we;s hqo WKqiu q hs'
weußldj Tjqkf a .a m%Odk u hqo keõ
folla brdk l,dmh fj; msg;a
lr heùu o fï WKqiu q jvd;a by<
kexùug iu;a jqKd' ueo fmrÈ.
l,dmfha isák weußldfõ ñ;=rka
fj; fyda weußldkq yuqÞ LKav
fj; fyda m%ydr Èh;a lsÍug brdkh
iQÞkï jk njg ielhla we;ehs
weußldj md¾Yajfhka m%ldY jQ w;r
hqo keõ heùug fya;j = ;a th nj hs
mejiqfKa' flfia fj;;a weußld -
brdk fomd¾Yajh u mjid ;snf q Ka
hqoO
a hlg wj;S¾K ùug ;ukag
jqjukdjla ke;s nj hs' tfy;a úreoaO
md¾Yajfhka hï ;¾ckhla t,a,
jqjfyd;a ;uka o m%;p s dr ±laùug
iQÞkï nj fomd¾Yjh u m%ldY lr
;snKq d' fï ksid l,dmfha wd;;sh"
WKqiu q ;jÿrg;a tA wdldrfhka u
by< uÜgul meje;s wdldrh ±lsh
yels hs'
weußldj iy brdkh w;r
fujeks hqo WKqiu
q la we;s jkakg
n,mE miqìu .ek fuys§ úuid
ne,Su jeo.;a' fï forg w;r
§¾> ld,hl isg u tÈßjdÈlï
mj;sk nj ryila fkdfj hs' tfy;a
uE;ld,fha fï .egqïj,g miqìï
jQ m%Odk ldrKdjla jQfha brdkh
lsh
% d;aul lrñka isák Tjqkf a .a
kHIaál jevigyk hs' brdkh
kHIaál wú ksmoùug ierfik
njla fuhg jir lsym s hlg fmr
wkdjrKh jQ w;r fuh weußldj
we;=¿ ngysr md¾Yajhg wdrCIl
;¾ckhla f,i hs ie,l=fKa' fï
ksid brdkfha kHIaál jevigyk
iSud lsÍu i|yd wefußldkq
md¾Yajfhka hï hï iïndOl wdÈh
lsh
% d;aul flreKd' fï iïndOl
brdkfha f;,a l¾udka;h jeks
;SrKd;aul wxYj,g o n,mE w;r
th trg wd¾Ólhg hï n,mEula
lrk ldrKhla jqKd' flfia fj;;a
fï .eg¨j úi|d .ekSu i|yd
2015 jif¾ weußldj we;=¿ rgj,a
lsyms hla úiska brdkh iuÕ .súiqula
w;aika l<d' tu .súiqu wkqj brdkh
Tjqkf a .a kHIaál jevigyfka
hï hï lmamdÿ lsÍï isÿ l< w;r
weußldj we;=¿ md¾Yajh o iuyr
iïndOl ,sy, s a lsÍug mshjr .;a;d'
^brdkh fï .súiqfï tla md¾Yajhla
fjoa§ wefußldj" ì%;dkHh" m%xYh"
reishdj" Ökh" c¾uksh wfkla
md¾Yaj jqKd&
tfy;a uE;l isg fï ;;a;j a fhys
hï fjkila we;s ùug mgka .;a;d'
thg tla fya;j = la jQfha brdkh
iuÕ w;aika lr we;s kHIaál
.súiqfï fldkafoais ,sy, s a jeä njla
g%ïma rch me;af;ka m%ldY ùu hs'
tu .súiqu brdkhg jdis iy.; nj
Tjqkf a .a woyi jqKd' tfuka u ueo
fmrÈ. l,dmfha isák weußldfõ
ñ;=rka jk fi!È wrdìh" BY%dh,h
jeks md¾Yajj,g brdkfhka t,a,
jk ;¾ck jeä fjñka we;s njg
o wefußldj fpdaokd l<d' fi!È
wrdìhg iy BY%dh,hg tfrys j
lghq;= lrñka isák ler,sldr
lKavdhï folla jk yQ;s iy yudia
lKavdhïj,g brdkh Woõ lrk
2019 cQks 01
39 foi;sh
 mqj;a i`.rdj
Tn <`.g u f.kajd .kak'
my; l+mkh mqrjd wm
fj; tjkak'
brdk ckdêm;s yika frdydks kHIaál lghq;= msßlaiñka
Tnf.a ÿrl;k wxlh - ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
nj ±ka ld,hl isg u t,a, fjñka
we;s fpdaokdjla' fi!È wrdìh"
BY%dh,h jeks md¾Yaj wefußldfõ
ñ;=rka f,i isàu brdkh t;rï
leue;a;la olajk ldrKdjla
fkdfj hs'
flfia fj;;a fï .egqïldÍ
miqìu ;=< brdkhg tfrys j
;rula oeä lsh % dud¾.hla .ekSug
g%ïma md¾Yajh l,amkd l<
njla ±lsh yels jqKd' tA wkqj
2018 jif¾§ by; lS kHIaál
.súiqfuka wefußldj bj;a lr
.ekSug g%ïma ckdêm;sjrhd
lghq;= l< w;r kej;;a brdkhg
tfrys iïndOl ±ä lsÍug mshjr
.ekqKd' tu iïndOlj,g wÞ< j
fujr wefußldj úiska .kakd
,o we;eï mshjr ksid bÈßfha§
brdkfha f;,a wmkhkhg fmrg;a
jvd jeä n,mEula t,a, úh yels
,l=Kq my< ù ;sfnkjd' brdkfha
f,dl= u f;,a .ekqïlrejka jk
Ökh" bkaÈhdj jeks rgj,g mjd
Tjqkf a .ka f;,a ñ, § .ekSug
wmyiq ;;a;j a hla we;s úh yels nj
hs fmfkkafka' th brdk wd¾Ólhg
úYd, n,mEula l< yels ldrKhla
Þhl;ajh
nj wuq;f = jka lsj hq;= keye'
re' 1"536'00$ re' 768'00
iÕrd
brdkh fï ms<n s | j hï
fkdi;=glsk"a wd;;shlska miqjk
nj olskk a ms<j s ka' tu miqìu ;=<
brdkh me;af;ka m%ldY jQfha l,ska
lS kHIaál .súiqu m%ldr Tjqka
tf;la k;r lr ;snQ iuyr kHIaál
lghq;= kej; wdrïN lsÍug mshjr
.kakd nj hs' fï wkqj brdkh
foi;sh 40
2019 cQks 01
kej; kHIaál wú ksmoùu foig
keUqre jkq we;a o hk ielhla
fndfyda fokl= ;=< ;sfnkjd'
wefußldj iy brdkh w;r hqo
WKqiuq jvd;a W;aikak ùug mgka
.;af;a;"a wefußldkq hqo keõ brdk
l,dmh fj; .uka lf<a;a fujeks
miqìula hgf;a hs' tfuka u ueo
fmrÈ. l,dmfha isák wefußldfõ
ñ;=rka jk fi!È wrdìh" BY%dh,h
jeks md¾Yaj fj; brdkfhka iy
brdkfha iyh ,nk nj lshk yQ;s
iy yudia ler,slrejkaf.ka t,a,
jk ;¾ck ue~meje;aùfï ±ä
jqjukdjla o weußldjg ;sfnkjd'
flfia fj;;a" weußldj iy
brdkh w;r fï .egqïldÍ ;;a;j a h
jvd;a WKqiï q ùu cd;Hka;r
jYfhka úYd, wjOdkhla Èkd.;a
isÿùula jQ w;r f,dj mqrd úYd,
fkdikaik q l
a ula we;s lsÍug th
iu;a jqKd' tjeks hqo .egqula we;s
jqjfyd;a f,dj iqmß s n,j;=ka
fndfyda fokl= thg megf,kq
we;e hs n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh yels
hs' wefußldj me;af;a isák ngysr
n,j;=ka o" brdkfha ñ;=rka jk
reishdj jeks rgj,a o tjeks
.egqulg meg,Su je<elaúh fkdyels
jkq we;s' tfuka u f,dal f;,a
ñ, úYd, jYfhka by< hdu jeks
m%;ús mdl o fï ksid Woa.; jkq we;s
nj wuq;f = jka lsj hq;= keye'
ksyd,a mSßia
me Íisfha fkd;%vEï ^Notre
- dame& foajia:dkfha
yg.;a .skafkka isÿ jQ úkdYh;a
iu`. lgq Tgqkak f,dalfha u
l;dnyg ,lajqKd' lf;da,sl
ne;su;=kaf.a Y=oaO mQcd jia;=jla
jQ lgq Tgqkak l%sia;=ia jykafiaf.a
ÿla.ekú,a, hs' 4 jeks ishjfia§
fcrei,fï foajia:dkhl
wdrlaIdldÍ j ;ekam;a lr
;snQ Y=oaO jQ Od;= ishjilg miq
fldkaia;ka;sfkdam,hg /f.k
hkafka m¾ishdkq wdl%uKhkaf.ka
wdrlaId lr .ekSug' miqj l%s'j'
1238 § tjlg m%xY md,lhd jQ
ix jk ¨ù rc;=ud lgq Tgqkak
m%xYhg f.kú;a meÍisfha
fkd;%vEï foajia:dkfha ;ekam;a
lsÍug lghq;= lrkjd' leghï
l< rka n÷kl nyd th o ùÿre
n÷kl ;ekam;a lr ;nkafka
m%xY kefmda,shka wêrdcHhdf.a
wkq.%yfhka'
frdaudkq kS;sh wkqj l=reij,g
weK .id urKhg m;alrk
wmrdOlrejkag fkdfhla jOysxid
meñK jqj;a ysig lgq .ikafka
keye' Æla;=ud i`oyka lrk mßÈ
fÊiqia jykafia hqfoõ rfcla hehs
lshd .kakd njg ms,d;a yuqfõ
kdhl mQclhka l< whq;= fpdaokd
fya;=fjka Wkajykafiaf.a ysig
lgq Tgqkakla me<`oùug frdau
fid,aodÿjka ;SrKh lrkjd'
l=reisfha weK .eiSug fmr
fÊiq;=uka j oï mdg i¿jlska
jik Tjqka miqj t;=ukaf.a
ysi u; lgq Tgqkak m<`ojkjd'
PdhdrEm yd Ñ;%j, wm ÿgqfõ
fÊiq;=ukaf.a ysi jgd t;=Kq lgq
Tgqkak' ta iïm%odh ish,a, fjkia
lrñka 19 jeks ishjfia m%xY cd;sl
pd,aia ryqâ f*Í fÊiq;=udf.a Y%S
fkd±jqKq
lsre<
fÊiqia jykafia
hqfoõ rfcla hehs
lshd .kakd njg
ms,d;a yuqfõ kdhl
mQclhka l< whq;=
fpdaokd fya;=fjka
Wkajykafiaf.a
ysig lgq Tgqkakla
me<`oùug frdau
fid,aodÿjka ;SrKh
lrkjd'
i¿j mÍlaId lr ysi jgd muKla
fkdj uq¿ ysfia u lgq wekS ;=jd,
jQ i,l=Kq we;s nj Tmamq l<d' f*Í"
th lgq Tgqkakla fkdj iïmQ¾K
lgq mÿr u .<jd f.kú;a fíiula
fyda fy,aughla wdldrfhka
ks¾udKh lr.;a lgq ysiajeiaula
nj fidhd .;a;d' ysig ldj`Èk fia
th m<|jd ;snqfKa YdÍßl fõokdj
jeä lsÍfï wruqfKka'
lgq Tgqkak .ek úu¾Ykh l<
fÊiq ksldfha *%eâßla yd*a msh;=udg
jdikdj ,enqKd fï jia;=j Tyqf.a
oEf;a r`ojd.kakg' —wo uu tl
fohla ±lald' tys lgq lsisjla
kE˜ tys§ Tyq tf,i mejiqjd'
lgq Tgqkafka lgq ye;a;Ej u
fldkaia;ka;sfkdam,fha wêrdcHhd
iy m%xYfha rcq úiska f,da jgd
;sfhk foajia:dkj,g ;E.s l<d'
yd*a msh;=ud b;d,sfha ol=Kq
m<df;a wdkaødj, msysá mqxÑ
foajia:dkhla fj; msg;a j
hkafka lgq Tgqkafka m%d;syd¾hh
we;s tjeks lgqjla fidhdf.k'
tu foajia:dkfha uQ,sl msh;=ud
bflda,d w.af.%ia;s mjikafka¦
—iEu jirl u mdial= ld,fha§
uy isl=rdodg fuys ;ekam;a lr
;sfnk lgqfõ W,a me;af;ka f,a
.e,Sula isÿfjkjd' wjikajrg fï
m%d;syd¾hh isÿ jqfKa 2005 ud¾;= 25
jeksod hs˜ hkqfjka'
ld, ks¾Kh lr ke;;a
b;sydi{hkaf.a u;hg wkqj jir
2000lg jvd me/Ks lgq Tgqkak
ÿlaLm%dma;sh isyslrk i;sfha uy
isl=rdod foaj fufyhg muKla
w,a;drh fj;g /f.k tkjd'
th foajia:dkfha ueo fldgfia
uyck;djg ksrdjrKh fkdjqKq
;ekl hs ;ekam;a lr ;snqfKa'
fkdfndaod fkd;%vEï foajia:dkfha
isÿ jQ fÄojdplfha .sks ±,a w;ßka
u foajia:dkhg msúiqKq ud¾la
*areks msh;=ud Y=oaO jQ lgq Tgqkak
.skafkka fírd .ekSug iu;a
jqKd' meßia .sks ksjk yuqodfõ
foAj.e;sjrhd f,i lghq;= lrk
Tyq ±ka m%xY ck;djf.a ùrfhla'
ufyaIsld Èidkdhl
 fufia lsre`M
me<ª j.hs

1975 - ngysr bka§h fldfoõ 1983 - bkaÈhdj

1979 - ngysr bka§h fldfoõ

1987 - ´iafÜ%,shdj 1992 - mdlsia;dkh

1996 - Y%S ,xldj 1999 - ´iafÜ%,shdj

2003 - ´iafÜ%,shdj 2007 - ´iafÜ%,shdj

2011 - bkaÈhdj 2015 - ´iafÜ%,shdj

foi;sh mqj;a iÕrdj 50/-

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