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ISSN 2321 3361 © 2023 IJESC

Research Article Volume 13 Issue No.1

Assessment of Materials Management Practice on Public Building


Construction Project
Meberatie Fenta Taddesse1, Bahiru Bewket Mitikie2
Lecturer1, Assistant professor2
Department Of Construction Technology and Management Engineering1, Department of civil Engineering2
Debre Markos University, Ethiopia1, Adama Science & Technology University, Ethiopia2

Abstract:
Construction materials management is the procedures, organizations, people, and technology used to identify, acquire, preserve,
expedite, inspect, quantify, receive, store, and transport the associated information, equipment, and materials across the life cycle
of a construction project. Poor Construction materials management is becoming a serious challenge or problem in Ethiopia, the
Amhara region, especially for public building construction projects, and not given attention to materials management
practices. The study's main objective was to assess material management practice, the problems related to materials management,
and mitigation measures for materials management, with a specific emphasis on selected public building construction projects in
Debre Markos Town. A mixed research method was used based on secondary and primary data. According to the study, the most
common materials management practices are construction material testing, materials planning, material transportation, material
handling systems, economic order quantity of materials, and so on. However, materials' management challenges that the public
building construction projects faced were a slow response from the consultant engineers and ineffective procurement processes,
lack of coordination among crews, lack of adequate storage space for materials, misuse of specifications, etc. were common in the
public building construction projects. The best five mitigation measures were adequate stocking and storage of materials,
accessibility and site layout preparation, inventory control of materials on-site, ensuring proper planning, monitoring and control,
and material recording methods.

Keywords: Building materials, Materials management, Mitigation measures, Public building Construction.

1. Introduction: When these functions are not properly managed, material


The construction industry is concerned with the planning, shortages, surpluses, and cash flow problems are likely to
execution, and monitoring (evaluation) of all kinds of civil occur (Bell & Stukhart, 2007).Materials management is
works. The construction industry is essential to a country's characterized as a procedure that provides the right materials,
social, economic, and political development. Construction is in the right place, at the perfect time, to maintain an ideal
not only one of the most important sectors of an economy, but degree of generation at the lowest cost (Kulkarni, 2017).
it is also the largest, accounting for between 12% and 25% of 1.1. Research Methodology:
the GNP of both developing and developed countries. It This chapter discuss the introduction of methodology/research
consumes a greater amount of a country's annual budget; in design, technique of sampling, research population, sampling
our country, Ethiopia, it accounts for 58% of the annual methods, main source of data, data collection producers, and
budget (Semere, 2006). The Ethiopian building construction methods of data analysis. It also identified the questionnaire
projects were not giving attention to materials management design, pilot study, validity content, and reliability. The
practices like that of other developing countries. As explained population of this study covered all the public building
by Asmara (2015) public building construction projects faces construction projects. The census survey methods/techniques
many of the same problems and challenges as other were used to assess/or address all public building construction
developing countries, but with more severity. However, projects. When there were a limited number of professional
materials management is a key issue in the Ethiopian respondents in the project, the purposive (or judgmental)
construction industry, with significant implications for the sampling method was used to select respondents from each
efficiency of industry due to a lack of effective management public building construction project and to avoid researcher
and planning (Asmara, 2015). The idea of materials bias. The professionals' selection was based on their skills,
management is expressed as the way of organizing, earning, knowledge of practice, and professional activity in materials
saving, moving, and controlling materials for effective use in management practice. To achieve the intended objective of the
offices and personal assets. It is concerned with the planning, study, the researchers used both primary and secondary data
identification, procuring, storage, receiving, and distribution to answer research questions. The in-depth interview was
of materials (Khyomesh., 2011). In particular, management of carried out with respondents to collect primary data related to
construction materials is recognized to be the integrated the materials' management practice. The secondary data
coordination of materials take-off, purchasing, expediting, reinforces the primary source of data, which has been
receiving, warehousing, proper utilization, and disposal. collected previously and put through the statistical process.
IJESC, January 2023 29924 http:// ijesc.org/
The secondary source of data was obtained from studying methods state that validity indicates how well a tool measures
manuals, magazines, journals, dissertations, past reports & what it is supposed to measure. The validity of a finding or
files kept by responsible organizations for further data is traditionally defined as the research's 'correctness' or
interpretation and analysis. In this study, the researchers 'precision. ‘Validity is ensured through multiple sources of
gathered first-hand information from respondents, semi- evidence, including questionnaires, interviews, and site
structured interviews, field observation. A pilot study is a observations.
process of validating the questionnaire’s questions; it is the
trial technique for the questionnaire. The alpha Chronbach can 2. Result and Discussion:
be written according to the number of test items and the inter- 2.1. Material management practices/techniques:
correlation between the items on average. Chronbach’s alpha The relative importance index, RII, was computed for each
shall only be used. The fields' Chronbach's Alpha values practice to identify the most significant material management
ranged from 0.888 to 0.931, and the overall questionnaire's practices. The practice was ranked based on RII values. Base
average Chronbach's Alpha internal consistency was 0.903, on the ranking, the most important material management
indicating excellent reliability/or very high consistency. practices by mean and Std. deviation were ranked.
According to Kothari (1990), research methodology and
Table 1: Materials Management Practices
Std.
No. Materials management practices Mean Rank
Deviation
1 Testing of construction materials 4.18 1.059 1
Material estimation, budgeting, planning and programming
2 3.88 1.139 2
system
3 Construction material distribution system 3.77 1.057 3
4 Construction material handling system 3.68 1.147 4
5 Economic order quantity of materials 3.42 1.088 5
6 Inventory control, and storage system 3.4 1.115 6
7 Control of Stock and Waste management system 3.4 1.209 7
8 Material Receiving and inspection mechanism 3.37 1.269 8
9 Construction material buying /or purchasing process 3.32 1.062 9
10 Expediting of construction materials 3.31 1.103 10
11 Material procurement process 3.28 0.992 11

As shown in Table 1, the respondents' response rate and levels was ranked as the third rank with the mean value of 4.33.
of awareness of materials' management practice were as Similarly, as discussed by kebede (2016) ‘‘assessment of
follows: materials management practices on construction sites’’ shows
As shown in Table 1, testing construction materials was a top- material handling and transportation was ranked at third level
level practice in material management. Hence, it is ranked as with mean value of 4.21. The researcher output (Table 1),
the most well-known material management practice in public Construction Material Distribution System, respondents' level
building construction projects with mean value of 4.18. This of awareness was ranked at the third level.
shows that the majority of construction professionals agree that As publicized in Table 1, handling of construction materials
testing materials on public building construction projects is was a common practice in the public building construction
common practice. As discussed by kebede (2016) testing of projects, and ranking as the fourth well-known material
construction materials was a ranked as top-level practice in management practice with mean value of 3.68. This was also
materials management. The researcher output was the same as confirmed by Bamidele (2016), Level of awareness of
with public building construction projects materials materials management practice on handling of construction
management practice. This shows that testing construction materials was ranked as the fourth rank with the mean value of
materials on public building construction projects is common 3.95. In addition to that as stated by kebede (2016) shows
practice. Material estimation, budgeting, planning and material handling and transportation was ranked at third level
programming system were the second most commonly used with mean value of 4.21. The economic order quantity of
material management practices in construction projects with materials refers to the order size those results in the lowest total
mean value of 3.88. As discussed by Bamidele material of ordering and carrying costs for an item of inventory. As
estimation, budgeting, planning & Programming practices was shown in Table 1, the level of awareness of public building
ranked as the second rank with the mean value of 4.43. construction projects was ranked as the fifth used materials
Similarly, as discussed by Kebede (2016) shows material management practice, with mean score of 3.42. Such result has
estimation, budgeting, planning & Programming has mean also been reported by earlier researchers (Bamidele, 2016)
value (4.66) follow by scheduling and procurement process observed that the respondent’s level of awareness on economic
(4.59). According to Table 1, Construction Material order quantity of materials was ranked at 8th rank with the
Distribution System, respondents' level of awareness was mean value of 2.81. This was consolidated through interviews
ranked at the third level, with mean value of 3.77. This was with facility and property administration staffs, quantity
also confirmed by Arijeloye (2016) transportation of materials surveyors, and storekeepers of the construction projects.

IJESC, January 2023 29925 http:// ijesc.org/


2.2. Root Cause of Ineffective Materials shown in Table 2. From the analyse results, each cause are
Management Problems: discussed below: Results from open-ended items, interview
Top six important root causes of materials management questions, and observation checklist were also analysed to
problems in the public building construction projects were supplement and/or triangulate the findings as necessary.

Table 2: Causes contributing to materials management problem


No. Root Cause of ineffective materials management RII Std. Deviation Rank
1 Slow response from the consultant engineer to the contractors inquiries 0.754 0.88 1
2 Ineffective public procurement process 0.735 0.954 2
3 Lack of coordination among crews on the construction project sites 0.714 0.984 3
Lack of adequate storage space of material on the construction project
4 0.702 1.017 5
sites
Unrelated public building construction materials with requested
5 0.702 1.002 4
materials (misuse of the specification)
6 Lack of proper work planning and scheduling 0.698 1.226 7
Errors in information about type and size of materials on design
8 0.698 1.161 6
documents at the construction project sites
9 Damage/loss of materials at the construction project sites 0.692 1.105 8
10 Poor handling of materials on the construction project site 0.686 1.075 9
KEY: RII=Relative importance index. Value

As shown in Table 2, the slow response from the consultant public building construction project were public procurement
engineer to the contractor’s inquiries was the top and the first procedure with mean value of 4.47. In this case public
root cause that contributed to material management problems, procurement procedure on the construction project sites were
with an aggregated RII value of 0.754. This was also confirmed ranked as 2nd in the relative importance index value.
by Kebede (2016), from the most common factors related to As exposed, unrelated construction materials with requested
materials management on a public building construction materials were material management problems with RII value
project based on mean rank were congestion at the loading area of 0.702 (70.2%). Such result has also been reported by earlier
and the first rank within the mean score value. In the researchers (Asmara, 2015).
researchers output, congestion in the loading area on the .According to the authors the main factors that had impacts was
construction project sites was ranked as 11th in the relative Ambiguities mistakes, and inconsistencies in drawings, wrong
importance index value. specifications, rework that don't comply with drawings and
As revealed in Table 2 above, ineffective procurement specifications etc. None of the studies is comparable to any
processes were the second root cause that contributed to other studies and each study has different rankings for the
material management problems, with an RII value of 0.735 unrelated construction materials with requested materials and
(73.5 %).This shows that numerous respondents agree with the project characteristics are unique and may even be region
ineffective procurement processes, as shown in Table 2. specific.
According to the respondents, the current challenges with 2.3 Measures for Materials Management
ineffective procurement processes are related to procurement Top five important Measures for Materials Management
time consumption, a lack of storage space for procurement problems on public building construction projects were shown
documents, and an increase in corruption (document in Table 3.Results from open-ended items, interview questions,
manipulation). This was also confirmed by Kebede (2016) the and observation checklists were also qualitatively analysed to
most common factors related to materials management on supplement and/or triangulate the findings as necessary.

Table 3: Measures for Materials Management on public building construction


Measurements of material management problems RII SD Rank
Preparation of adequate stacking, and storage of materials 0.843 1.068 1
Accessibility, and preparation of site layout 0.837 0.983 2
Inventory control of materials 0.828 0.583 3
Ensuring proper planning, monitoring and controlling 0.822 0.904 4
Materials recording methods 0.815 1.02 5
Training of Staffs, and Management members 0.803 1.125 6
Employment of inventory keeper or store keeper and security personnel 0.775 1.097 7
Introducing material management at the design stage 0.769 1.019 8
Procurement requisition to specify quality, quantity and delivery time 0.766 1.069 10
Materials schedule and delivery 0.766 1.084 11
IJESC, January 2023 29926 http:// ijesc.org/
Table 3, above shows that preparation of adequate stacking measurement of material management on public building
and storage of materials were ranked as the highest mitigating construction projects with an RII Value of 0.83
measurement of material management problems with an RII Ensuring proper planning, monitoring, and control were
Value of 0.84 (84%). The result also supported by Arijeloye, ranked as the 4th mitigation measurement of material
(2016) provision of adequate storage of materials was the 6th management with an RII Value of 0.82 (82%). Material
rank of mitigating measure of material management problems recording entails keeping track of the materials used and
in building construction projects with mean value of 4.39. inventorying them for public building construction projects. In
Kebede (2016): also shared this idea that, Storage & issuing of Table 5, results show that materials recording methods were
materials to construction site were measures for effective ranked as the 5th mitigating measurement of material
materials management at the 7th rank level with mean value of management on public building construction projects, with an
3.98. RII value of 0.81 (81%). Regarding, the majority of the
In Table 3, accessibility and preparation of site layout of respondents 29 (45%) indicated agreement. Table 3, shows
materials are ranked as the second mitigating measures of that training of staff and management members were ranked
material management on public building construction projects, in the 6th position for mitigating the measurement of material
with RII values of 0.83 (83%). This was also confirmed by management problems with an RII Value of 0.80 (80%). In
Arijeloye(2016) from the Table 3, the results reveal the this regard, the majority of respondents (28%) agreed. The
measures for managing materials on building projects which relative importance index value and level of agreement
are monitoring of materials distribution, proper organization indicate that training of both management and staff is the
of documentation on the construction project sites with mean mitigating measurement of material management problems in
score of 4.182 and 4.215 respectively with relative importance the public building construction projects (see Table 3).
index value rank of 1st and 2nd level. In the researcher output 2.4 Framework for reducing materials
accessibility and preparation of site layout of materials on the management problems
construction project sites were ranked as 2nd in the relative Hence, the practice of public building materials' management
importance index value. is a fundamental aspect of construction project
As shown in Table 3, inventory control of materials was implementation. The future framework emphasizes how the
ranked as the 3rd mitigating measurement s, with an RII value doctrine could be applied in Debre Markos Town to mitigate
of 0.83 (83%). Bamidele(2016) also shows that, taking materials management problems in public building
inventory of materials on construction projects were measures construction projects. The objective of the framework is to
for managing building materials at the fourth rank level with enable stakeholders in public building construction to: How
mean value of 4.43. In the researcher output proper planning, these issues can be overcome (how to do it?) and what can be
monitoring, and control were ranked as the 3 rd mitigation done to fix these problems (what to do?), Realizing the future
outcome (results).

Table 4: The future framework for reducing materials management problem

Major root
What to do to
causes of
reduce problem of
materials
materials How to do it Result
management
management?
problems?

slow response from fast response Avoiding the consultant team's slow response to the contractor's
the consultant from the inquiries, The consultant team should adept inspections and
management
materials
Effective
engineer to the consultant testing, Early purchase order, Strong transport system, Present
project inquiries engineer to the details according to quality, quantity, and specifications, monitoring
project inquiries of materials distribution systems

Ineffective effective Early and complete deliveries Responsibility to procure materials,


Procurement Procurement Using procurement policies and guild lines, Availability of storage
Effective materials

process process space for procurement documents and Reducing the characters of
management

corruption (document manipulation),usage of updated information


regarding material procurement, purchases with checking the
specification of materials, and selecting the best option of
procurement methods

IJESC, January 2023 29927 http:// ijesc.org/


Lack of Prepare good Establish harmony and good coordination between all the employees

manageme
materials
Effective
coordination among communication of the material management department, Good coordination and

nt
crews and communication with crews, and clients on the basic construction
coordination process, Better coordination among purchase and finance department
among crews
lack of adequate Adequate Coding and cataloging of materials/ stores classification, Use the

manageme
Effective
materials
storage space of storage space of clear set of material return technique, Not be store in the walkways,

nt
materials materials veranda, and everywhere, Arranged based on KAIZEN principles,
stacked as per the specification of the vendor or manufacturer

unrelated Related Having accurate and good specifications for materials, provides better

Effective materials
construction materials construction control of the site and more protection for work during the early

management
with requested materials with stages of the contract, Minimizing design changes, Complete contract
materials (misuse of requested documents at commencement of project
the specification) materials (use
of standard
specification)

Errors in type and size of reduce errors in Good attention paid to standard sizes, and design documents,

management
materials on design type and size of reduce mistakes and changes in specifications and good

materials
Effective
documents materials on information in the drawings & construction techniques
design documents during design activities, good understanding of construction
techniques, Promote standard construction elements

Lack of proper work Proper work Quantifying, ordering, and scheduling construction project

managem
Effective
materials
planning and scheduling planning and activities, adopting a good materials requirement planning,

ent
scheduling and should be progressively updated

Damage/loss of materials Reparation of Proper materials handling on-site, Maintain the damaged

management
construction materials as soon as possible, identifying the level of

materials
Effective
materials damaged and depreciated materials, Damaged/depreciated
materials are stored separately, appropriate disposal of
obsolete material resources, Create awareness of effective
materials management through education and training.
Lack of supervision and Supervision and Excellent qualification of consultant engineers assigned to
delay of inspections inspection of the the project, Good coordination and communication between

management
materials
Effective
construction the consultant engineer, contactor and client, Inspection of
project materials or manufactured products prior to delivery to the
job site, Only be ordered after the material quality has been
approved, Checking for its compatibility, Ensure the quality
and durability of the final product.

3. CONCLUSION materials, material estimation, budgeting, planning and


Based on the findings of the questions raised in this research, programming systems, construction material distribution/or
the following conclusions were drawn. The researchers have transportation systems, construction material handling
studied materials management practices for public building systems, economic order quantity of materials, control of
construction projects. The assessment shows that effective stock and waste management systems, whereas the most
material management brings positive results in achieving common root causes of materials management problems are a
public building construction project objectives. This study has slow response from the consultant engineer to submittals, an
practical implications for the service providers in public ineffective procurement process, a lack of coordination, and a
building construction and other places. Professionals in lack of communication. Consequently, these problems might
construction projects can also implement the identified lead to public building construction projects not being
practices to enhance the productivity of their public building profitable and incompetent in the construction world.
projects. However, practices can vary from project to project The mitigation measures practiced for minimizing materials
and from place to place. The following materials management management problems in public building construction projects
practices were found to be the most effective in public are preparation of adequate stocking and storage of materials,
building construction projects: testing of construction accessibility, and preparation of site layout, inventory control
IJESC, January 2023 29928 http:// ijesc.org/
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