Republic of the Philippines

Cotabato City State Polytechnic College

College of Engineering Technology and Computing
S.Y. 2020-2021

PROPOSED THREE (3) - STOREY RESIDENTIAL

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF PURLINS AND STEEL TRUS

In partial fulfillment for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineeri

CE 521 - Civil Engineering Project

Prepared by:

NORAIMIE A. MONTAK
s
College
d Computing

ESIDENTIAL BUILDING
S AND STEEL TRUSS

Science in Civil Engineering on

Project

AK
 Properties of Steel C-Purlins (AISC Table of Properties)
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF C-PURLINS

Figure 1-C. Physical Properties of Purlins

Designation: C4 X 4.5
Nominal Weight Wn = 6.697 kg/m
Area A = 890.321 mm²
Depth d = 101.6 mm
Web Thickness tw = 3.175 mm
Flange Width bf = 40.132 mm
Flange Thickness tf = 7.519 mm
rts = 13.31 mm
Distance Between Flange Centroho = 93.98 mm

Axis X-X:
Moment of Inertia Ix = 1519244.703 mm⁴
Figure 1. Roof Framing Plan Elastic Section Modulus Sx = 29988.327 mm³
Radius of Gyration rx = 41.402 mm
Plastic Section Modulus Zx = 34740.576 mm³
 Axis Y-Y:
Moment of Inertia Iy = 120290.882 mm⁴
Elastic Section Modulus Sy = 4342.572 mm³
Radius of Gyration ry = 11.608 mm
Plastic Section Modulus Zy = 5260.248 mm³
Torsional Properties
Torsional Constant J = 13402.652 mm⁴
Cw = 233894739.8 mm⁶

Grade of Steel ---> A36

Minimum Yield Strength Fy = 248 Mpa
Minimum Tensile Strength Fu = 400 MPa
Figure 2. 2D Model of of the Most Stressed Truss Modulus of Elasticity E = 200000 MPa

DESIGN DATA: All References are from NSCP 2015 unless

stated otherwise.
Type of Building: = Residential Building
Location: = Lapok, Shariff Aguak Maguindanao
Truss Parameters:
Type of Truss = Monoslope Truss
Span of Truss = 8.8 m
Rise of Truss = 1.6 m
Roof Angle, Ɵ = 10.305 degrees
Spacing between Trusses, Lb = 4 m
Spacing of purlins, Sp = 0.6 m
Hor. Dim. Normal to Wind, B = 1.6 m
Hor. Dim Parallel to Wind, L = 8.8 m
 Building Dimensions:
Total Height, Hs = 10.4 m
Windward Wall Height, z = 8.8 m
Mean Roof Height, h = 9.6 m
Least Horizontal Dimension, XL = 12 m

Classification of the Building

Occupancy Category

For all structures housing occupancies or having

dunctions not listed in Category I, II, III, and V
= IV Standard Occupancy Structure Table 103-1

Classification of Building Height

Enclosed or partially-enclosed building that comply
with the following conditions:
1.) h ≤ 18 m; and = Low-Rise
2.) h < XL = Low-Rise
Therefore = Low-Rise Building Sec. 207A.2

Enclosure Classification
Ao = 19.8 m² Sec. 207A.3
Aoi = 156.87 m²
Ag = 313.74 m²
Agi = 627.48 m²
For a building to be partially enclosed, both of the following
conditions shall be satisfied:
1.) Ao > 1.10 Aoi = Not OK! Thus, Enclosed
2.) Ao > smaller of (0.5 m² or 0.1Ag) and = Not OK! Thus, Enclosed
Aoi/Agi ≤ 0.20 = Not OK! Thus, Enclosed

For a building to be open, the following condition shall be satisfied:

 1.) Ao ≥ 0.8Ag = Not OK! Thus, Enclosed
Since the building does not comply with the requirements for open
or partially enclosed buildings,
Therefore = Enclosed Building Sec. 207A.2

Rigidity

If Hs ≤ 4XL, the structure can be assumed as rigid. = Rigid

Therefore = Rigid Structure ASCE 7-05 Commentary

Exposure Category = B Sec. 207A.7-3

Surface Roughness B: Urban and suburban areas, wooded

areas, or other terrain w/ numerous closely spaced
obstructions having the size of single family dwellings.

Gust Effect Factor, G

For rigid bldg or other structure,
G = 0.85 Sec. 207A.9.1
DESIGN CALCULATIONS:

I CALCULATION OF WIND LOAD, W

Steps to Determine MWFRS Wind Loads for Enclosed, Partially Enclosed, and Open Buildings Table 207B.2-1
of all heights.

Basic Wind Speed, V = 270 kph = 75 m/s Fig. 207A.5-1A

Wind Directionality Factor, Kd = 0.85 Table 207A.6-1

Topographic Factor, Kzt = 1 Fig. 207A. 8-1

Internal Pressure Coefficient, Gcpi = 0.18 Since the bldg is an Enclosed Bldg.
= -0.18

Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient, Kz or Kh

Windward Wall Height, z Table 207B.3-1
9 = 0.7
8.80 = Kz
12 = 0.76
By interpolation,
Kz = 0.696
Mean Roof Height, h Table 207B.3-1
9 = 0.7
9.60 = Kh
12 = 0.76
By interpolation,
Kh = 0.712
Velocity Pressure, qz and qh
qz = 0.613*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2 Eq. 207B.3-1
qz = 2.04 KPa

qh = 0.613*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2 Eq. 207B.3-1

qh = 2.09 KPa
External Pressure Coefficient, Cp:

Fig. 207B. 4-1

h/L = 1.09

Since h/L is greater than use:

At Windward Surface Cp1 = -1.3
Cp2 = -0.18
At Leeward Surface Cp = -0.7 Fig. 207B. 4-1
 Roof overhang,
The positive external pressure on the bottom surface of windward roof overhangs shall be Sec. 207B.4-4
determined using Cp = 0.8 and combined with the top surface pressures determined using
Figure 207B. 4-1
Cpo = 0.8

Design Wind Pressure, p

p = q*G*Cp-qi*(GCpi) Eq. 207B. 4-1

Where:
Note: Different values of Cp and GCpi shall be combined q=qz= 2.04 KPa
to obtain various results and come up with the most
critical wind pressure. qi=qh= 2.09 KPa
At Windward Surface
pw1 = -2.63 kPa
pw2 = -0.69 kPa
pw3 = -1.88 kPa
pw4 = 0.06 kPa
At Leeward Surface
p5 = -1.59 kPa Min= -2.62972632375
p6 = -0.84 kPa Max= 0.06351860025
Note 4. For monoslope roofs, entire roof surface is either a windward or leeward surface. Fig. 207B. 4-1
The Most Critical Wind Pressure, p = -2.63 KPa

Wind Load, W = p * Sp
Wind Load, W = -2.62972632375KPa x 0.6m
Wind Load, W = -1.58 kN/m
II CALCULATION OF DEAD LOAD, D

Dead loads to be carried by the purlins:

1.) Weight of Roof Covering, Wr
2.) Self-weight of Purlins, Wp
3.) Weight of Insulation

Therefore,
D=Wr+Wp+Wi

Weight of Roof Covering, Wr:

Material = Asphalt Shingles
Weight, Wrc = 0.10 KPa

Wr = Wrc* Sp
Wr = 0.1KPa x 0.6m
Wr = 0.06 kN/m

Weight of Purlins, Wp:

Wp = Nominal Weight of Purlins x 9.81 N/kg
Wp = 6.697kg/m x 9.81 N/kg
Wp = 0.07 kN/m

Weight of Insulation, Wi:

Using: Urethane Foam with skin
t = 10 mm
Weight = 0.009 kPa/mm

Wi = Weight of insulation x thickness x Sp

Wi = 0.009kPa/mm x 10mm x 0.6m
Wi = 0.054 kN/m

Dead Load, D = Wr + Wp + Wi
 Dead Load, D = 0.06kN/m + 0.06569757kN/m + 0.054kN/m
Dead Load, D = 0.18 kN/m

III CALCULATION OF LIVE LOAD, L

The minimum roof live load under Method 2 - Analytical Procedure for flat or rise less than
1 unit vertical in 3 unit horizontal (33.3% slope) is:
Lr (min) = 1 kPa Table 205-3

Assume, Lr = 1.5 kPa

Live Load, L = Lr x Sp
Live Load, L = 1.5kPa x 0.6m
Live Load, L = 0.9 kN/m

IV CALCULATION OF NOMINAL FLEX STRENGTHS, Mnx and Mny

Sag rods are located at every c-purlins midspan
At Major Axis X-X'

For channels bent about their major axis, the nominal flexural strength,
Sec. 506.2
Mnx, shall be the lower value obtained according to the limit states of
yielding (plastic moment) and lateral torsional buckling.
1. Yielding Sec. 506.2.1
Mn = Mp = FyZx Eq. 506.2-1
Where:
Fy = specified minimum yield stress of the type of steel being
used, Mpa
Zx = Plastic section modulus about the x-axis, cu.mm
Mnx1 = 248Mpa x 34740.576mm³
Mnx1= Mpx1 = 8.62 kN-m
2. Lateral-Torsional Buckling
The following conditions shall be considered in
solving for Mnx:

1.) When Lb ≤ Lp, the limit state of lateral torsional buckling does not
apply.

2.) When Lb < Lb ≤ Lr,

Eq. 506.2-2

Mn = 8.68 kN-m
3.) When Lb > Lr,

Eq. 506.2-3
Mn = 10.74 kN-m
Where:
Lb = Length between points that are either braced against lateral
displacement of compression flange or braced against
twistof the cross section, mm

Lb = 2000 mm

Eq. 506.2-4

Eq. 506.2-5

Lp = 580.18 mm
 Eq. 506.2-6

For channel:
Eq. 506.2-8b

Obtained values
c = 1.07
Lr = 3080.77 mm
Cb = 1.30 Table 3-1, AISC SCM 13E
Fcr = 358.04

Since Lp < Lb < Lr,

Therefore:
Cb = 1.30
Mnx2 = 8.68 kN-m
Mnx shall be the lower value obtained therefore,
Mnx = 8.62 kN-m

At Minor Axis Y-Y'

For channels bent about their minor axis, the nominal flexural strength,
Mny, shall be the lower value obtained according to the limit states of
yielding (plastic moment) and flange local buckling. Sec. 506.6

1. Yielding Sec. 506.6.1

Eq. 506.6.1
1.6*Fy*Sy = 1.72 kN-m
Mpy = Fy*Zy
Mpy = 1.30 kN-m
 Since Mpy < 1.6*Fy*Sy
Mny = Mpy
Mny = 1.30 kN-m

2.) Flange Local Buckling

Checking if Flange is Compact:
Case 1: Flexure in flanges of rolled I-shaped sections and channels Table 502.4.1
Width-Thickness ratio, WR = bf/tf
Width-Thickness ratio, WR = 5.34

Limiting Width-Thickness ratio, LR =

Limiting Width-Thickness ratio, LR = 10.79

Since WR < LR, the flange is COMPACT

Therefore, Mny = 1.30 kN-m

V CALCULATION OF DESIGN FLEXURAL STRESSES, Fbx and Fby

Fb = ØMn/S Where: Ø= 0.9 Sec 508.2

At Major Axis X-X'
Fbx = ØMnx/Sx
Fbx = 258.57 MPa
At Minor Axis Y-Y'
Fbx = ØMny/Sy
Fby = 270.37 MPa

VI LRFD LOAD COMBINATIONS

Basic Load Combinations Sec. 203.3.1

1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.5W Eq. 203-3
1.2D + 1.0W + 0.5Lr Eq. 203-4
 At Major Axis (Normal Load, Wx) At Minor Axis (Tangential Load, Wy)
Wx1 = 1.2Dcosθ + 1.6Lrcosθ + 0.5W Wy = 1.2Dsinθ + 1.6Lrsinθ
Wx2 = 1.2Dcosθ + 1.0W + 0.5 Lrcosθ

1.2Dcosθ = 0.21 kN/m 1.2Dsinθ = 0.04 kN/m

1.6Lrcosθ = 1.42 kN/m 1.6Lrsinθ = 0.26 kN/m
0.5W = -0.79 kN/m
1.0W = -1.58 kN/m
0.5 Lrcosθ = 0.44 kN/m

Wx1 = 0.84 kN/m Wy = 0.30 kN/m

Wx2 = -0.92 kN/m

Use: Wx = 0.92 kN/m

VII CALCULATION OF REQUIRED FLEXURAL STRENGTHS, Mnxr and Mnyr

Fig. 10.12 of Steel

Design 5th Ed by
McCormac and
Csernak
 For Flexural Strength at Major Axis, Mnxr:
Refer to Fig. 10.12.d Mnxr = (Wx * L^2)/8
Mnxr = 1.85 kN-m

For Flexural Strength at Minor Axis, Mnyr:

No sagrad is provided, (Wy * L^2)/8
Sagrods are provided at midpoints, (Wy * L^2)/32
Sagrods are provided at third points, (Wy * L^2)/90
Since sagrods are provided at midpoints,
use: Mnyr = (Wy * L^2)/32
Mnyr = 0.15 kN-m

VIII CALCULATION OF REQUIRED FLEXURAL STRESSES, fbx and fby

fb = M/S
At Major Axis:
fbx = Mnxr/Sx
fbx = 61.55 MPa
At Minor Axis:
fby = Mnyr/Sy
fby = 34.10 MPa

IX CHECKING FOR THE TRIAL SECTION

A. For Adequacy by Interaction Equation

fbx fby
+ ≤ 1.00
Fbx Fby Eq. 508.2-1
61.55 34.10
+ = 0.36
258.57 270.37

Since, 0.36 < 1.00

The trial section is adequate and safe against flexure!

 B. For Serviceability against Deflection
To be safe against deflection,
δmax.actual < δallowable
For allowable deflection, δallowable:
For roof members not supporting plaster ceiling, the most critical deflection limit is Table 10.1 Steel Design 5E. McCormac and
L/240. Csernak page 313
Thus,
δallowable = L/240
δallowable = 16.667 mm

For allowable deflection, δmax.actual:

δmax.actual = ( (δx² + δy²)^0.5)
For uniformly loaded simply-supported purlins,
5WL⁴
δ =
384EI
where: L = unbraced length
At major axis:
5WxL⁴
δx =
384EIx
δx = 10.12 mm
At minor axis:
5WyL⁴
δy =
384EIy
δy = 2.56 mm

δmax.actual = ( (δx² + δy²)^0.5)

δmax.actual = 10.44 mm

Since, δmax.actual < δallowable

The trial section is safe against deflection!

X DESIGN SUMMARY

Use C4 X 4.5-A36 steel purlins spaced at 0.6 m on center with sagrods provided at midspans.
-1.589371841 -0.83812195
 PROPERTIES OF C-PURLINS ADOPTED FROM AISC STEEL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL 13TH EDITION
Designation Nominal
Area Depth Web Flange Axis X-X Axis Y-Y Torsional Properties
Weight rts ho
W A d tw bf tf I S r Z I S r Z J Cw
kg/m mm² mm mm mm mm mm mm mm⁴ mm³ mm mm³ mm⁴ mm³ mm mm³ mm⁴ mm⁶
C3 X 3.5 5.209 703.224 76.2 3.353 34.798 6.934 11.557 69.342 653483.338 17042.547 30.48 20319.959 70343.111 2982.446 10.008 5964.891 9406.83 74115899.17
C3 x 4.1 6.101 774.192 76.2 4.318 35.814 6.934 11.913 69.342 686781.852 18025.77 29.718 21630.924 79500.202 3211.865 10.109 6538.439 11196.625 82440511.03
C3 x 5 7.441 948.385 76.2 6.553 38.100 6.934 12.573 69.342 770028.137 20156.089 28.448 24908.337 100311.774 3736.251 10.287 7603.598 17689.836 101775093.4
C3 x 6 8.929 1135.482 76.2 9.042 40.640 6.934 13.183 69.342 861599.051 22614.148 35.052 28513.491 124869.428 4309.798 10.490 8898.176 30176.778 124063570.3
C4 X 4.5 6.697 890.321 101.6 3.175 40.132 7.519 13.31 93.98 1519244.703 29988.327 41.402 34740.576 120290.882 4342.572 11.608 5260.248 13402.652 233894739.8
C4 X 5.4 8.036 1019.353 101.6 4.674 40.132 7.519 13.411 93.98 1602490.989 31463.163 39.624 37526.377 129864.205 4539.217 11.278 9258.692 16607.634 247321533.1
C4 X 7.2 10.715 1374.191 101.6 8.153 43.688 7.519 14.3 93.98 1906339.929 37526.377 37.338 46539.262 176898.356 5522.441 11.354 11389.009 34006.107 332984474.5
C5 x 6.7 9.971 1270.965 127 4.826 44.450 8.128 14.834 118.872 3113411.063 48997.321 49.53 58174.077 195628.77 6095.988 12.421 12405.007 22851.105 596149623.7
C5 x 9 13.393 1722.577 127 8.255 48.006 8.128 15.672 118.872 3700297.374 58337.948 46.482 71939.211 259728.41 7275.856 12.344 14961.389 45369.225 1.21787E+11

Fy = 248
Fu = 400
E = 200000

Note:

In the AISC Construction Manual, the

properties are expressed in English units
and are converted to SI units through
proper conversion and rounding-off to
achieve uniformity in calculation.

Function Type
Essential Facilities: I
Hazardous Facilities: II
Special Occupancy Structures: III
Standard Occupancy Structures: IV
Miscellaneous Structures: V

Sag Rods
None
Midspan
Third Points
 DESIGN OF SAGRODS AND TIE RODS All References are from NSCP 2015 unless
stated otherwise.

Principles:

1.) Sag rods are tension members used to provide lateral support for the purlins.

Steel Design, 5th Edition, Segui

2.) Sag rods can be located at the midpoint, the third points, or at more frequent intervals along the purlins, depending
on the amount of support needed. The interval is a function of the truss spacing, the slope of the top chord, the
resistance of the purlin to bending (most shapes used for purlins are very weak in this respect), and the amount of
support furnished by the roofing.

3.) If sag rods are used, they are designed to support the component of roof loads parallel to the roof.

In addition to being advantageous in reducing moments about the web axes of purlins, sag rods can serve other useful
purposes. First,they can provide lateral support for the purlins; second, they are useful in keeping the purlins in proper Structural Steel Design, 5th Ed., Mc Cormac,
P. 328.329
alignment during erection until the roof deck is installed and connected to the purlins.

Required Design Data:

Truss Parameters:
Location: = Lapok, Shariff Aguak Maguindanao
Spacing Between Trusses, Lb = 4.00 m
Span of Truss, Lt = 8.8 m
Length of Top Chord, Ltc = 8.94 m
Spacing of purlins, Sp = 0.6 m
Roof Slope, Ɵ = 10.305 degrees
No. of Purlins n = 16 pcs.
 Material Weights:
Weight of Roof Cover, Wrc Wrc = 0.10 kPa
Nominal Weight of Purlins, Wn Wn = 6.697 kg/m
Weight of Insulation, Wi Wi = 0.009 kPa/mm
Thickness of Insulation t = 10 mm
Assumed Roof Live Load Lr = 1.5 kPa
Critical Wind Pressure= p = -2.63 kPa

Solving for Tributray Width and Areas:

1.) Tributary Width for each Sag Rod, Lsr
Since sag rods are to be placed at midspans,
Lsr = Lb/ 2
Lsr = 2.00 m
2.) Tributary Area (Roof Surface), TArs
TArs = Ltc (Lsr)
TArs = 17.88 m²
3.) Tributary Area (Horizontal Surface), TAhs
TAhs = Lt (Lsr)
TAhs = 17.6 m²
Load Calculations (Dead Load, Live Load, Wind Load)
1.) Dead Load, Ds
a. Roof Covering Weight, Wr = Wrc (TArs)
Wr = 1.788 kN

b. Purlin Weight, Wp = n*Lsr*Wn*9.81

= 2.09 kN
 c. Insulation Weight Win = Wi*t*Tars
= 1.61 kN
Ds = Wr + Wp + Win
Ds = 5.49 kN
2.) Roof Live Load, Ls
Ls = Lr*TAhs
Ls = 26.4 kN
3.) Wind Load, Ws
Ws = p*TArs
Ws = -47.02 kN

Basic Load Combinations: Sec. 203.3.1

1.2Ds + 1.6Ls + 0.5Ws = 25.31 kN Eq. 203-3
1.2Ds + 1.0Ws + 0.5Ls = -27.24 kN Eq. 203-4

Therefore, Wu = 25.31 kN

Wuy = Wu*sinθ
Wuy = 4.53 kN

Solving for the required area of sagrod, As:

Wuy Where, Φ= 0.75
As =
Φ(0.75Fu) Fu= 400 MPa
As = 20.13 mm²
Solving for the required diameter of sagrod, Ds:
Ds = ((4*As)/pi)^0.5
Ds = 5.06 mm say, 10 mm
Therefore,
Use 10 mm diameter threaded sagrods
Solving for the required area of tie rod, At:
Wuy
P =
cos Ɵ
P = 4.60 kN

P Where, Φ= 0.75
At =
Φ(0.75Fu) Fu= 400 MPa
As = 20.46 mm²
Solving for the required diameter of sagrod, Ds:
Ds = ((4*As)/pi)^0.5
Ds = 5.10 mm say, 10 mm
Therefore,
Use 10 mm diameter threaded tie rods

DESIGN SUMMARY

Use 10 mm diameter threaded sagrods

and
Use 10 mm diameter threaded tie rods
 TRUSS PARAMETERS
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF TRUSS
Span of Truss Lt = 8.8 m
Rise of Truss Ht = 1.60 m
Spacing Between Trusses Lb = 4.00 m
Total Length of Top Chord Ltc = 8.94 m
Spacing of Purlins Sp = 0.60 m
Roof Slope θ = 10.31 deg
sin θ = 0.18 deg
cos θ = 0.98 deg
Total No. of Purlins n = 16
No. of Sag Rods nsr = 1

Tributary Width for each Joint, Tw:

A = 0.41 m
B = 0.91 m
C = 1.02 m
D = 1.02 m
E = 1.02 m
F = 1.02 m
G = 1.02 m
H = 1.02 m
I = 1.02 m
J = 0.51 m
Figure 1. Roof Framing Plan K = 0.50 m
 L = 1.00 m
M = 1.00 m
N = 1.00 m
O = 1.00 m
P = 1.00 m
Q = 1.00 m
R = 1.00 m
S = 0.90 m
For overhang: A-S = 0.4 m

Lengths per panel

Tc1 = 1.02 m
Tc2 = 0.81 m
Figure 2. 2D Model of of the Most Stressed Truss Bc1 = 1m
Bc2 = 0.8 m
 DESIGN DATA: All References are from NSCP 2015 unless
stated otherwise.

I. CALCULATION OF TRUSS DEAD LOAD, D

The Dead Loads to be carried by the truss are composed of the
following:
1.) Weight of Roof Covering, Wrc
Material used: = Asphalt Shingles Table 204-2
Weight, W = 0.10 kPa
Wrc = W (Ltc) (Lb)
Wrc = 3.58 kN
2.) Weight of Purlins, Wp
Material used: = C4 X 4.5 A36 Steel
Weight, W = 6.697 kg/m
Wp = n (W)(Lb)(9.81N/kg)(1kN/1000N)
Wp = 4.18 kN
3.) Weight of Insulation, Wi
Material used: = Urethane Foam with skin
Weight, W = 0.009 kPa/mm
thickness, t = 10 mm
Wi = W (t)(Lb)(Ltc)
Wi= 3.22 kN
4.) Weight of Sag Rods and Tie Rods, Wsr
Material used: = 10 mm dia. A36 Steel
Weight, W = 0.56 kg/m
Wsr = nsr (W)(Ltc)(9.81N/kg)(1kN/1000N)
Wsr = 0.05 kN
 5.) Self-Weight of Truss, Wt
Using Fuller's Formula:
(15Lb+550) kN/m (Lt)
Wt =
100
Wt = 53.68 kN
6.) Weight of Gutter, Wg
Material used: = Prefabricated Gage 20 K-Style Aluminum Gutter
Weight, W = 2.207 kg/m²
Perimeter of Cross-Section, Pg = 0.5 m
Wg = W (Lb)(Pg)(9.81N/kg)(1kN/1000N)
Wg = 0.04 kN
7.) Weight of Ceiling, Wc
Material used: = Suspended metal lath & gypsum plaster Table 204-2
Weight, W = 0.48 kPa
Wc = W (Lt) (Lb)
Wc = 16.90 kN

Solving for point load at top chord joints: Solving for point load at bottom chord joints:
For Panel Load at Joint A: For Panel Load at Joint K to S:
Wpanel =((Wrc + Wp + Wi + Wt + Wsr+Wg) (Tw/Lt)) Wpanel =(Wc) (Tw/Lt)
For Panel Load at Joint B to J:
Wpanel = (Wrc + Wp + Wi + Wt +Wsr) (Tw/Lt) 5.) Panel Load at Joint K:
Wpanel = 0.96 kN
1.) Panel Load at Joint A: 6.) Panel Load at Joint L to R:
Wpanel = 2.99 kN Wpanel = 1.92 kN
2.) Panel Load at Joint B: 7.) Panel Load at Joint S:
Wpanel = 6.73 kN Wpanel = 1.73 kN
3.) Panel Load at Joint C to I: 8.) Panel Load at Joint A:
Wpanel = 7.47 kN Wpanel = 0.77 kN
4.) Panel Load at Joint J:
Wpanel = 3.74 kN
Solving for reactions at supports:
Converting the concentrated loads to uniform load,
Wu = Total Load/Lt
Wu = 9.39 KN/m

Wu = 9.39 KN/m

Fig. 1. 2D Model of uniform distributed Dead Load for Truss

From the Moment Distribution Method Table, the following moments at supports were obtained:

MBA = 3.0058 kN-m

MBC = -3.0058 kN-m
MCB = 18.0351 kN-m
MCD = -18.0351 kN-m
MDC = 0.0000 kN-m

Considering segment A-B: Considering segment B-C: Considering segment D-C:

L1= 0.8 m L2= 4m L3= 4m

+ ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+) + ∑ Moment at C = 0 Clockwise is (+) + ∑ Moment at C = 0
 RB1 = 7.51 kN RB2 = 15.03 kN Clockwise is (+)
+ ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+) RC2 = 23.30 kN
RC1 = 22.54 kN + ∑ Fv = 0
upward is (+)
RD = 14.28 kN
Therefore, the reactions are as follows:
RB = RB1 + RB2 Checking:
RB = 22.54 kN UP + ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+)
RC = RC1 + RC2 RB + RC + RD = Wu (Lt)
RC = 45.84 kN UP 82.66 = 82.66
RD = 14.28 kN UP Okay! :)
From the Maxwell Diagram, the following dead load effects on truss members were obtained:
At Top Chord Members:
FAB = 21.10 kN At Diagonal Members
FBC = 22.70 kN FBR = 43.50 kN
FCD = 16.40 kN FCQ = 6.50 kN
FDE = 0.40 kN FDP = 18.50 kN
FEF = 21.10 kN FEO = 24.80 kN
FFG = 0.50 kN FFN = 28.10 kN
FGH = 8.00 kN FGM = 10.70 kN
FHI = 6.80 kN FHL = 1.80 kN
FIJ = 0.00 kN FIK = 11.70 kN

At Bottom Chord Members At Vertical Members

FAS = -20.70 kN FBS = -20.80 kN
FSR = -20.70 kN FCR = -4.30 kN
FRQ = -22.30 kN FDQ = -3.90 kN
FQP = -16.10 kN FEP = -10.30 kN
FPO = -0.40 kN FFO = -29.80 kN
FON = -20.80 kN FGN = -16.60 kN
FNM = -0.40 kN FHM = -5.90 kN
FML = -7.80 kN FIL = -3.30 kN
FLK = -6.70 kN FJK = -3.80 kN
II. CALCULATION OF TRUSS LIVE LOAD, L

Assumed Roof Live Load = 1.5 kPa

Solving for roof live load considering tributary area of truss,

WLr = Lr (Lb) (Lt)
WLr = 52.8 kN

Solving for point load at top chord joints:

Wpanel = (WLr) (Tw/Lt)
1.) Panel Load at Joint A:
Wpanel = 2.44 kN
2.) Panel Load at Joint B:
Wpanel = 5.49 kN
3.) Panel Load at Joint C to I:
Wpanel = 6.10 kN
4.) Panel Load at Joint J:
Wpanel = 3.05 kN

Solving for reactions at supports:

Converting the concentrated loads to uniform load,
Wu = Total Load/Lt
Wu = 6.10 KN/m

Wu = 6.10 KN/m

Fig. 2. 2D Model of uniform distributed Live Load for Truss

From the Moment Distribution Method Table, the following moments at supports were obtained:

MBA = 1.9515 kN-m

MBC = -1.9515 kN-m
MCB = 11.7089 kN-m
MCD = -11.7089 kN-m
MDC = 0.0000 kN-m

Considering segment A-B: Considering segment B-C: Considering segment D-C:

L1= 0.8 m L2= 4m L3= 4m

+ ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+) + ∑ Moment at C = 0 Clockwise is (+) + ∑ Moment at C = 0
RB1 = 4.88 kN RB2 = 9.76 kN Clockwise is (+)
+ ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+) RC2 = 15.12 kN
RC1 = 14.64 kN + ∑ Fv = 0
upward is (+)
RD = 9.27 kN
Therefore, the reactions are as follows:
RB = RB1 + RB2 Checking:
RB = 14.64 kN UP + ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+)
RC = RC1 + RC2 RB + RC + RD = Wu (Lt)
RC = 29.76 kN UP 53.67 = 53.67
RD = 9.27 kN UP Okay! :)
From the Maxwell Diagram, the following live load effects on truss members were obtained:
At Top Chord Members:
FAB = 13.60 kN At Diagonal Members
FBC = 14.80 kN FBR = 28.30 kN
FCD = 10.80 kN FCQ = 4.20 kN
FDE = 0.10 kN FDP = 12.00 kN
FEF = 13.60 kN FEO = 16.10 kN
FFG = 0.40 kN FFN = 18.30 kN
FGH = 5.30 kN FGM = 6.90 kN
FHI = 4.50 kN FHL = 1.20 kN
FIJ = 0.00 kN FIK = 7.60 kN

At Bottom Chord Members At Vertical Members

FAS = -13.40 kN FBS = -14.70 kN
FSR = -13.40 kN FCR = -4.10 kN
FRQ = -14.60 kN FDQ = -1.30 kN
FQP = -10.60 kN FEP = -5.50 kN
FPO = -0.10 kN FFO = -20.60 kN
FON = -13.40 kN FGN = -12.00 kN
FNM = -0.40 kN FHM = -5.00 kN
FML = -5.20 kN FIL = -0.90 kN
FLK = -4.40 kN FJK = -3.00 kN
III. CALCULATION OF TRUSS WIND LOAD, W

Note 4. For monoslope roofs, entire roof surface is either a windward or leeward surface. Fig. 207B. 4-1

Design Data:
Wind Load at Windward Surface, WW = -1.58 kN/m
Length of Long Chord, Ltc = 8.94 m
Spacing between Trusses, Lb = 4.00 m
Length of Overhang, Lo = 0.8 m

For overhangs:

Note: The following data (except for Cp) are obtained from the determination of wind load in the design calculation of purlins.

Basic Wind Speed, V

V = 270 kph = 75 m/s Fig. 207A.5-1A
Wind Directionality Factor, Kd
Kd = 0.85 Table 207A.6-1
Exposure Category = B Sec. 207A.7-3
Velocity Exposure Coefficients, Kh and Kz
Kz = 0.696 Table 207B.3-1
Kh = 0.712 Table 207B.3-1
Topographic Factor, Kzt
Kzt = 1 Fig. 207A. 8-1
Gust Effect Factor, G
G = 0.85 Sec. 207A.9.1
Internal Pressure Coefficient, GCpi
Gcpi = 0.18
= -0.18
 Velocity Pressures, qz and qh
q=qz = 2.04 kPa Eq. 207B.3-1
qi=qh = 2.09 kPa Eq. 207B.3-1
External Pressure Coefficient, Cp
Note: Roof overhangs shall be designed for a positive pressure on the bottom surface of windward roof overhangs corresponding to
Cp = 0.8. Sec. 207B.4-4
Cp = 0.8
Solving for overhang wind pressure, po:
po = q*G*Cp-qi*(GCpi) Eq. 207B. 4-1
Solving for po1 (using positive value of GCpi),
po1 = 1.01 kPa
Solving for po2 (using positive value of GCpi),
po2 = 1.76 kPa
Note: The highest obtained value for po shall be considered for the design. Therefore, po2 governs.
Use: po = 1.76 kPa
Solving for total wind loads,
1.) At Windward Surface, Wuw
Wuw = WW (Ltc)
Wuw = -14.11 kN
2.) Overhang at Windward Surface, Wuo
Wuo = p (Lo) (Lb)
Wuo = 5.641 kN
Solving for point load at top chord joints (Windward Surface): Solving for point load at overhang joints:
For Panel Load at Joint A to J: For Panel Load at Joint A to S:
Wpanel =(Wuw) (Tw/Lt) Wpanel =(Wuo) (Tw/Lt)
1.) Panel Load at Joint A: 5.) Panel Load at Joint A and S:
Wpanel = -0.65 kN Wpanel = 0.26 kN
2.) Panel Load at Joint B:
Wpanel = -1.47 kN
3.) Panel Load at Joint C to I:
Wpanel = -1.63 kN
4.) Panel Load at Joint J:
Wpanel = -0.81 kN
Solving for the reactions at supports,
Converting the concentrated loads to uniformly distributed load,
At Windward Surface,
Ww = Total Load/Ltc
Ww = -1.6037045 kN/m

At Windward Overhang,
Wo = Total Load/Lo
Wo = 0.64100518 kN/m
Moments due to wind load obtained using MDM: Moments due to overhang obtained using MDM:

MBA = -0.4754 kN-m MBA = 0.2051 kN-m

MBC = 0.4754 kN-m MBC = -0.2051 kN-m
MCB = -2.9762 kN-m MCB = -0.0513 kN-m
MCD = 2.9762 kN-m MCD = 0.0513 kN-m
MDC = -0.0674 kN-m MDC = 0.0000 kN-m
MDE = 0.0674 kN-m

Solving for support reactions: Solving for support reactions:

At segment A-B: At segment A-B:

L1 = 0.77 m L1 = 0.8 m
+ ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+) + ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+)
RB1 = -1.23 kN RB1 = -0.51 kN
RB1 = 1.23 kN DOWN RB1 = 0.51 kN DOWN

At segment B-C: At segment B-C:

L2 = 3.94 m L2 = 4m
+ ∑ Moment at C = 0 Clockwise is (+) + ∑ Moment at C = 0 Clockwise is (+)
RB2 = -2.52 kN RB2 = 0.06 kN
RB2 = 2.52 kN DOWN RB2 = 0.06 kN UP
+ ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+) + ∑ Moment at D = 0 Clockwise is (+)
RC1 = -3.79 kN RC1 = -0.06 kN
RC1 = 3.79 kN DOWN RC1 = 0.06 kN DOWN
At segment C-D: At segment C-D:
L3 = 3.94 m L3 = 4m
+ ∑ Moment at C = 0 Clockwise is (+) + ∑ Moment at C = 0 Clockwise is (+)
RC2 = -3.90 kN RC2 = -0.01 kN
RC2 = 3.90 kN DOWN RC2 = 0.01 kN DOWN
+ ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+) + ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+)
RD1 = -2.42 kN RD1 = 0.01 kN
RD1 = 2.42 kN DOWN RD1 = 0.01 kN UP

At segment D-E:
L4 = 0.29 m
+ ∑ Moment at C = 0 Clockwise is (+)
RD2 = -0.47 kN
RD2 = 0.47 kN DOWN

Therefore, the reactions are as follows: Therefore, the reactions are as follows:
RB = RB1 + RB2 RB = RB1 + RB2
RB = -3.76 kN DOWN RB = -0.449 kN DOWN
RC = RC1 + RC2 RC = RC1 + RC2
RC = -7.69 kN DOWN RC = -0.077 kN DOWN
RD = RD1 + RD2
RD = -2.89 kN DOWN RD = 0.013 kN UP
Checking: Checking:
+ ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+) + ∑ Fv = 0 upward is (+)
RB + RC + RD = Wu (Lt) RB + RC + RD = Wu (Lt)
-14.34 = -14.34 -0.51 = -0.51
Okay! :) Okay! :)

Vertical Reaction (y) = R cosθ

Horizontal Reaction (x) = R sinθ
cos θ = 0.98 deg
sin θ = 0.18 deg
Therefore,
RBy = -3.70 kN
RBx = -0.67 kN

RCy = -7.57 kN
RCx = -1.38 kN

RDy = -2.84 kN
RDx = -0.52 kN
From the Maxwell Diagram, the following wind load (windward/leeward) effects on truss members were obtained:
At Top Chord Members:
FAB = -2.82 kN At Diagonal Members
FBC = -3.61 kN FBR = -6.15 kN
FCD = -2.13 kN FCQ = -1.82 kN
FDE = -0.51 kN FDP = -3.22 kN
FEF = -3.59 kN FEO = -3.97 kN
FFG = 0.00 kN FFN = -4.21 kN
FGH = -1.14 kN FGM = -1.18 kN
FHI = -0.87 kN FHL = -0.87 kN
FIJ = -0.28 kN FIK = -2.42 kN
At Bottom Chord Members At Vertical Members
FAS = 2.93 kN FBS = 3.70 kN
FSR = 3.82 kN FCR = 0.89 kN
FRQ = 2.09 kN FDQ = 0.57 kN
FQP = 0.78 kN FEP = 1.46 kN
FPO = 2.68 kN FFO = 5.33 kN
FON = 0.49 kN FGN = 2.77 kN
FNM = 1.31 kN FHM = 0.86 kN
FML = 0.76 kN FIL = 0.67 kN
FLK = 0.13 kN FJK = 0.84 kN
From the Maxwell Diagram, the following wind load (overhang) effects on truss members were obtained:
At Top Chord Members:
FAB = -0.11 kN At Diagonal Members
FBC = -0.91 kN FBR = -0.80 kN
FCD = -1.14 kN FCQ = -0.24 kN
FDE = -1.25 kN FDP = -0.12 kN
FEF = -1.32 kN FEO = -0.08 kN
FFG = -1.11 kN FFN = -0.28 kN
FGH = -0.96 kN FGM = 0.22 kN
FHI = -0.85 kN FHL = -0.18 kN
FIJ = -0.77 kN FIK = -0.15 kN

At Bottom Chord Members At Vertical Members

FAS = 0.10 kN FBS = 0.26 kN
FSR = 0.10 kN FCR = 0.12 kN
FRQ = 0.90 kN FDQ = 0.07 kN
FQP = 1.13 kN FEP = 0.05 kN
FPO = 1.23 kN FFO = 0.22 kN
FON = 1.30 kN FGN = 0.19 kN
FNM = 1.09 kN FHM = 0.16 kN
FML = 0.95 kN FIL = 0.14 kN
FLK = 0.84 kN FJK = 0.12 kN
 DESIGN OF TRUSS MEMBERS All References are from NSCP 2015 unless
stated otherwise.

For Tension Members Sec. 504

Tensile Strength: 504.2

The design tensile strength, φtPn, shall be the lower value obtained
according to the limit states of tensile yielding in the gross section
and tensile rupture in the net section.

1.) For tensile yielding in the gross section:

Pn = Fy (Ag) Eq. 504.2-1
φt = 0.90

2.) For tensile rupture in the net section: Eq. 504.2-2

Pn = Fu (Ae)
φt = 0.75

For welded connections, the reduced area Ae is defined as the

effective area (rather than the effective net area), and it is given by

Ae = AgU
where:
Case 1: U= 1.0 for all tension members where the tension load is transmitted Table 504.3.1
directly to each of cross-sectional elements by fasteners or
welds
 For Compression Members Sec. 505

The nominal compressive strength, Pn, shall be determined based on

the limit state of flexural buckling.

Pn = Fcr (Ag) Eq. 505.3-1

Pu = φPn
φ = 0.90
The flexural buckling stress, Fcr is determine as follows:

1.) when KL/r ≤ 4.71√(E/Fy)

Eq. 505.3-2

2.) when KL/r > 4.71√(E/Fy)

Eq. 505.3-3

where:
Fe = elastic critical buckling stress

Eq. 505.3-4

Recommended Design Coefficient, k (Assumin Rotation-Fixed and Translation-Fixed) Fundamentals of Structural Steel Design,
k = 0.65 Gillesania
I. DESIGN OF TOP CHORD MEMBERS
Nature of Member: Tension Member
Design Data:
Maximum Actual Tensile Load, Pact
Pact = 48.65965 kN
Material Properties
Grade of Steel = A36
Minimum Yield Strength Fy = 248 MPa
Minimum Tensile Strength Fu = 400 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity E = 200000 MPa

Trial Section = L30X30X5

Ag = 278 mm²

1.) For tensile yielding in the gross section:

Pn = Fy (Ag)
Pn = 248(278)/1000
Pn = 68.944 kN
φt Pn = 0.9(Pn)
φt Pn = 0.9(68.944)
φt Pn = 62.05 kN
2.) For tensile rupture in the net section:
Pn = Fu (Ae)
Pn = Fu (Ag * U)
Pn = 400(278)(1)/1000
Pn = 111.20 kN
φt Pn = 0.75(Pn)
φt Pn = 0.75(111.2)
φt Pn = 83.40 kN
 Therefore,
The limit state of tensile yielding governs.
φt Pn = 62.05 kN
Hence,
Since φtPn<Pact, the trial section is inadequate!

Use L30X30X5 A36 steel for the top chord members.

II. DESIGN OF BOTTOM CHORD MEMBERS

Nature of Member: Compression Member
Design Data:
Maximum Actual Compressive Load, Pact
Pact = 44.76325 kN
Material Properties
Grade of Steel = A36
Minimum Yield Strength Fy = 248 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity E = 200000 MPa
Length of the Most
Stressed Member L = 1.00 m

Trial Section = L30X30X5

Ag = 278 mm²
r = 8.83 mm
Nominal Compressive Strength
Pn = Fcr (Ag)

Solving for KL/r and 4.71√(E/Fy):

KL/r = 73.61
4.71√(E/Fy) = 133.755012
Solving for Elastic critical buckling stress, Fe:

Eq. 505.3-4
= 364.270863 MPa

Fcr = (0.658^(Fy/Fe))(Fy) Eq. 505.3-2

Fcr = 186.50809 MPa

Fcr = 0.877(Fe) Eq. 505.3-3

Fcr = 319.465547 MPa

Since KL/r < 4.71√(E/Fy), obtained value from Eq. 505.3-2 applies.
Therefore, Fcr = 186.51 MPa

Pn = Fcr (Ag)
Pn = 186.508090359053(278)/1000
Pn = 51.85 kN

Pu = φPn
Pu = 0.9(51.8492491198167)
Pu = 46.66 kN

Hence,
Since Pu>Pact, the trial section is adequate.

Use L30X30X5 A36 steel for the bottom chord members.

III. DESIGN OF VERTICAL MEMBERS
Nature of Member: Compression Member
Design Data:
Maximum Actual Compressive Load, Pact
Pact = 65.94615 kN
Material Properties
Grade of Steel = A36
Minimum Yield Strength Fy = 248 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity E = 200000 MPa
Length of the Most L = 1.60 m
Stressed Member

Trial Section = L50x50x5

Ag = 480 mm²
r = 15.11 mm
Nominal Compressive Strength
Pn = Fcr (Ag)

Solving for KL/r and 4.71√(E/Fy):

KL/r = 68.83
4.71√(E/Fy) = 133.755012

Solving for Elastic critical buckling stress, Fe:

Eq. 505.3-4
= 416.669768 MPa
 Fcr = (0.658^(Fy/Fe))(Fy) Eq. 505.3-2
Fcr = 193.312767 MPa

Fcr = 0.877(Fe) Eq. 505.3-3

Fcr = 365.419387 MPa

Since KL/r < 4.71√(E/Fy), obtained value from Eq. 505.3-2 applies.
Therefore, Fcr = 193.31 MPa

Pn = Fcr (Ag)
Pn = 193.312767393961(480)/1000
Pn = 92.79 kN

Pu = φPn
Pu = 0.9(92.790128349101)
Pu = 83.51 kN

Hence,
Since Pu>Pact, the trial section is adequate.

Use L50x50x5 A36 steel for the vertical members.

IV. DESIGN OF DIAGONAL MEMBERS
Nature of Member: Tension Member
Design Data:
Maximum Actual Tensile Load, Pact
Pact = 94.0016 kN
Material Properties
Grade of Steel = A36
Minimum Yield Strength Fy = 248 MPa
Minimum Tensile Strength Fu = 400 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity E = 200000 MPa

Trial Section = L50x50x5

Ag = 480 mm²

1.) For tensile yielding in the gross section:

Pn = Fy (Ag)
Pn = 248(480)/1000
Pn = 119.04 kN
φt Pn = 0.9(Pn)
φt Pn = 0.9(119.04)
φt Pn = 107.14 kN
 2.) For tensile rupture in the net section:
Pn = Fu (Ae)
Pn = Fu (Ag * U)
Pn = 400(480)(1)/1000
Pn = 192.00 kN
φt Pn = 0.75(Pn)
φt Pn = 0.75(192)
φt Pn = 144.00 kN
Therefore,
The limit state of tensile yielding governs.
φt Pn = 107.14 kN
Hence,
Since φtPn<Pact, the trial section is inadequate!

Use L50x50x5 A36 steel for the diagonal members.

V DESIGN SUMMARY

Truss member Truss section to be used Weight

Top Chord L30X30X5 A36 steel 2.18 kg/m
Bottom Chord L30X30X5 A36 steel 2.18 kg/m
Vertical L50x50x5 A36 steel 3.77 kg/m
Diagonal L50x50x5 A36 steel 3.77 kg/m
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD FOR DEAD LOAD: Stiffness Factor, K
With constant values of E = 200,000 MPa and I,
Joint B C D relative stiffness factor may be used generally as
K. Thus,
Member BA BC CB CD DC
Length, L in m 0.8 4 4 4 4 K=I/L
Uniform Load, Wu in kN/m 9.39 9.39 9.39 9.39 9.39 I= 1.00 Table 208-1
Stiffness (K) 0.0000 0.1875 0.2500 0.2500 0.1875
Cycle DF 0.0000 1.0000 0.5000 0.5000 1.0000 for hinged or roller ends, multiply K by 3/4 to 0.75
eliminate further distribution of moment on
FEM 3.0058 -12.5243 12.5243 -12.5243 12.5243 that support
1
Bal 0.0000 9.5185 0.0000 0.0000 -12.5243
COM 0.0000 0.0000 4.7593 -6.2622 0.0000 Distribution Factor, DF:
2
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.7515 0.7515 0.0000 DF = K/ΣK
COM 0.0000 0.3757 0.0000 0.0000 0.3757 where:
3
Bal 0.0000 -0.3757 0.0000 0.0000 -0.3757 DF = 0 at fixed end
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.1879 -0.1879 0.0000 DF = 1 at hinged or roller end
4
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.1879 0.1879 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0939 0.0000 0.0000 0.0939 Fixed End Moment (FEM):
5
Bal 0.0000 -0.0939 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0939 FEM = (WL^2)/12
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0470 -0.0470 0.0000 FEM = (WL^2)/2 <--- at overhang
6
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0470 0.0470 0.0000
 COM 0.0000 0.0235 0.0000 0.0000 0.0235
7
Bal 0.0000 -0.0235 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0235
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0117 -0.0117 0.0000
8
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0117 0.0117 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0059 0.0000 0.0000 0.0059
9
Bal 0.0000 -0.0059 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0059
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0029 -0.0029 0.0000
10
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0029 0.0029 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0015 0.0000 0.0000 0.0015
11
Bal 0.0000 -0.0015 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0015
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0007 -0.0007 0.0000
12
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0007 0.0007 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0004 0.0000 0.0000 0.0004
13
Bal 0.0000 -0.0004 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0004
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0002 -0.0002 0.0000
14
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002 0.0002 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001
15
Bal 0.0000 -0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0001
COM 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
16
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

3.0058 -3.0058 18.0351 -18.0351 0.0000

ΣM
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
7.515 15.029 22.544 23.295 14.278
Shear
kN kN kN kN kN
22.544 45.839 14.278
Reaction
kN kN kN kN kN
Total Reaction: Total Loads:
Checking ---- OK
82.66 kN. 82.66 kN.
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD FOR LIVE LOAD: Stiffness Factor, K
With constant values of E = 200,000 MPa and I,
Joint B C D relative stiffness factor may be used generally as
K. Thus,
Member BA BC CB CD DC
Length, L in m 0.8 4 4 4 4 K=I/L
Uniform Load, Wu in kN/m 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 I= 1.00 Table 208-1
Stiffness (K) 0.0000 0.1875 0.2500 0.2500 0.1875
for hinged or roller ends, multiply K by 3/4 to 0.75
Cycle DF 0.0000 1.0000 0.5000 0.5000 1.0000 eliminate further distribution of moment on
FEM 1.9515 -8.1312 8.1312 -8.1312 8.1312 that support
1
Bal 0.0000 6.1797 0.0000 0.0000 -8.1312
COM 0.0000 0.0000 3.0898 -4.0656 0.0000 Distribution Factor, DF:
2
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.4879 0.4879 0.0000 DF = K/ΣK
COM 0.0000 0.2439 0.0000 0.0000 0.2439 where:
3
Bal 0.0000 -0.2439 0.0000 0.0000 -0.2439 DF = 0 at fixed end
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.1220 -0.1220 0.0000 DF = 1 at hinged or roller end
4
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.1220 0.1220 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0610 0.0000 0.0000 0.0610 Fixed End Moment (FEM):
5
Bal 0.0000 -0.0610 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0610 FEM = (WL^2)/12
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0305 -0.0305 0.0000 FEM = (WL^2)/2 <--- at overhang
6
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0305 0.0305 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0152 0.0000 0.0000 0.0152
7
Bal 0.0000 -0.0152 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0152
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0076 -0.0076 0.0000
8
8
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0076 0.0076 0.0000
 COM 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038
9
Bal 0.0000 -0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0038
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0019 -0.0019 0.0000
10
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0019 0.0019 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0010 0.0000 0.0000 0.0010
11
Bal 0.0000 -0.0010 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0010
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0005 -0.0005 0.0000
12
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0005 0.0005 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002
13
Bal 0.0000 -0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0002
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0001 -0.0001 0.0000
14
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0001 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001
15
Bal 0.0000 -0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0001
COM 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
16
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

1.9515 -1.9515 11.7089 -11.7089 0.0000

ΣM
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
4.879 9.757 14.636 15.124 9.270
Shear
kN kN kN kN kN
14.636 29.760 9.270
Reaction
kN kN kN
Total Reaction: Total Loads:
Checking ---- OK
53.67 kN. 53.67 kN.
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD FOR WIND LOAD (WINDWARD): Stiffness Factor, K
With constant values of E = 200,000 MPa and I,
Joint B C D relative stiffness factor may be used generally as
K. Thus,
Member BA BC CB CD DC DE
Length, L in m 0.77 3.94 3.94 3.94 3.94 0.29 K=I/L
Uniform Load, Wu in kN/m -1.60 -1.60 -1.60 -1.60 -1.60 -1.60 I= 1.00 Table 208-1
Stiffness (K) 0.0000 0.1904 0.2538 0.2538 0.1904 0.0000
for hinged or roller ends, multiply K by 3/4 to 0.75
Cycle DF 0.0000 1.0000 0.5000 0.5000 1.0000 0.0000
eliminate further distribution of moment on
FEM -0.4754 2.0746 -2.0746 2.0746 -2.0746 0.0674 that support
1
Bal 0.0000 -1.5992 0.0000 0.0000 2.0072 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.7996 1.0036 0.0000 0.0000 Distribution Factor, DF:
2
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 -0.1020 -0.1020 0.0000 0.0000 DF = K/ΣK
COM 0.0000 -0.0510 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0510 0.0000 where:
3
Bal 0.0000 0.0510 0.0000 0.0000 0.0510 0.0000 DF = 0 at fixed end
COM 0.0000 0.0000 0.0255 0.0255 0.0000 0.0000 DF = 1 at hinged or roller end
4
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0255 -0.0255 0.0000 0.0000
COM 0.0000 -0.0127 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0127 0.0000 Fixed End Moment (FEM):
5
Bal 0.0000 0.0127 0.0000 0.0000 0.0127 0.0000 FEM = (WL^2)/12
COM 0.0000 0.0000 0.0064 0.0064 0.0000 0.0000 FEM = (WL^2)/2 <--- at overhang
6
6
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0064 -0.0064 0.0000 0.0000
 COM 0.0000 -0.0032 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0032 0.0000
7
Bal 0.0000 0.0032 0.0000 0.0000 0.0032 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0000 0.0016 0.0016 0.0000 0.0000
8
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0016 -0.0016 0.0000 0.0000
COM 0.0000 -0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0008 0.0000
9
Bal 0.0000 0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 0.0008 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0000 0.0004 0.0004 0.0000 0.0000
10
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0004 -0.0004 0.0000 0.0000
COM 0.0000 -0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0002 0.0000
11
Bal 0.0000 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000
12
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0001 -0.0001 0.0000 0.0000

-0.4754 0.4754 -2.9762 2.9762 -0.0674 0.0674

ΣM
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-1.235 -2.525 -3.794 -3.898 -2.421 -0.465
Shear
kN kN kN kN kN kN
-3.759 -7.692 -2.886
Reaction
kN kN kN
Total Reaction: Total Loads:
Checking ---- OK
-14.34 kN. -14.34 kN.
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD FOR OVERHANG: Stiffness Factor, K
With constant values of E = 200,000 MPa and I,
Joint B C D relative stiffness factor may be used generally as
K. Thus,
Member BA BC CB CD DC
Length, L in m 0.8 4 4 4 4 K=I/L
Uniform Load, Wu in kN/m 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 I= 1.00 Table 208-1
Stiffness (K) 0.0000 0.1875 0.2500 0.2500 0.1875
Cycle DF 0.0000 1.0000 0.5000 0.5000 1.0000 for hinged or roller ends, multiply K by 3/4 to 0.75
eliminate further distribution of moment on
FEM 0.2051 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 that support
1
Bal 0.0000 -0.2051 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.1026 0.0000 0.0000 Distribution Factor, DF:
2
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0513 0.0513 0.0000 DF = K/ΣK
COM 0.0000 0.0256 0.0000 0.0000 0.0256 where:
3
Bal 0.0000 -0.0256 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0256 DF = 0 at fixed end
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0128 -0.0128 0.0000 DF = 1 at hinged or roller end
4
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0128 0.0128 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0064 0.0000 0.0000 0.0064 Fixed End Moment (FEM):
5
Bal 0.0000 -0.0064 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0064 FEM = (WL^2)/12
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0032 -0.0032 0.0000 FEM = (WL^2)/2 <--- at overhang
6
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0032 0.0032 0.0000
 COM 0.0000 0.0016 0.0000 0.0000 0.0016
7
Bal 0.0000 -0.0016 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0016
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0008 -0.0008 0.0000
8
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0008 0.0008 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0004 0.0000 0.0000 0.0004
9
Bal 0.0000 -0.0004 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0004
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0002 -0.0002 0.0000
10
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002 0.0002 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001
11
Bal 0.0000 -0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0001
COM 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0001 -0.0001 0.0000
12
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0001 0.0000
COM 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
13
Bal 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

0.2051 -0.2051 -0.0513 0.0513 0.0000

ΣM
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
 DETERMINATION OF THE MOST CRITICAL LOADS TO BE USED FOR THE DESIGN OF TRUSS MEMBERS

WIND LOAD, W
PART OF LOAD CASES DEAD LOAD, D ROOF LIVE LOAD, Lr LRFD LOAD COMBINATIONS, NSCP 2015 MOST CRITICAL DESIGN LOAD PART OF LENGTH
TRUSS
LOAD
(kN) NATURE TRUSS MEMBER (m)
WIND WARD OVERHANG TOTAL COMBINATION
NATURE
MEMBER INTERNAL FORCE (kN) NATURE INTERNAL FORCE (kN) NATURE INTERNAL FORCE (kN) INTERNAL FORCE (kN) INTERNAL FORCE (kN) 1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.5W 1.2D + 1.0W + 0.5Lr

AB 21.100 T 13.600 T -2.815 -0.106 -2.921 C 45.619 29.199 45.619 AB 0.81

BC 22.700 T 14.800 T -3.607 -0.914 -4.521 C 48.660 30.119 48.660 BC 1.02
CD 16.400 T 10.800 T -2.129 -1.144 -3.273 C 35.323 21.807 35.323 CD 1.02
DE 0.400 T 0.100 T -0.511 -1.254 -1.765 C -0.242 -1.235 -1.235 DE 1.02
TOP CHORD EF 21.100 T 13.600 T -3.586 -1.317 -4.903 C 44.628 27.217 44.628 48.660 T TOP CHORD EF 1.02
FG 0.500 T 0.400 T 0.000 -1.109 -1.109 C 0.686 -0.309 0.686 FG 1.02
GH 8.000 T 5.300 T -1.140 -0.961 -2.101 C 17.029 10.149 17.029 GH 1.02
HI 6.800 T 4.500 T -0.870 -0.852 -1.722 C 14.499 8.688 14.499 HI 1.02
IJ 0.000 C 0.000 C -0.278 -0.767 -1.045 C -0.522 -1.045 -1.045 IJ 1.02
AS -20.700 C -13.400 C 2.929 0.105 3.034 T -44.763 -28.507 -44.763 AS 0.80
SR -20.700 C -1.864 C 3.820 0.105 3.925 T -25.860 -21.848 -25.860 SR 1.00
RQ -22.300 C -1.740 C 2.090 0.899 2.989 T -28.050 -24.641 -28.050 RQ 1.00
QP -16.100 C -8.281 C 0.776 1.126 1.902 T -31.619 -21.559 -31.619 QP 1.00
BOTTOM BOTTOM
CHORD PO -0.400 C -9.617 C 2.679 1.230 3.909 T -13.913 -1.379 -13.913 -44.763 C
CHORD PO 1.00
ON -20.800 C -11.606 C 0.491 1.296 1.787 T -42.636 -28.976 -42.636 ON 1.00
NM -0.400 C -11.606 C 1.305 1.091 2.396 T -17.852 -3.887 -17.852 NM 1.00
ML -7.800 C 0.000 C 0.760 0.946 1.706 T -8.507 -7.654 -8.507 ML 1.00
LK -6.700 C -9.094 C 0.126 0.838 0.964 T -22.109 -11.623 -22.109 LK 1.00
BS -20.800 C -14.700 C 3.702 0.260 3.962 T -46.499 -28.348 -46.499 BS 0.15
CR -4.300 C -4.100 C 0.886 0.116 1.002 T -11.219 -6.208 -11.219 CR 0.32
DQ -3.900 C -1.300 C 0.566 0.074 0.640 T -6.440 -4.690 -6.440 DQ 0.51
EP -10.300 C -5.500 C 1.459 0.055 1.514 T -20.403 -13.597 -20.403 EP 0.69
VERTICAL FO -29.800 C -20.600 C 5.325 0.223 5.548 T -65.946 -40.512 -65.946 -65.946 C VERTICAL FO 0.87
GN -16.600 C -12.000 C 2.766 0.185 2.951 T -37.644 -22.969 -37.644 GN 1.05
HM -5.900 C -5.000 C 0.858 0.159 1.017 T -14.572 -8.563 -14.572 HM 1.24
IL -3.300 C -0.900 C 0.674 0.139 0.813 T -4.993 -3.597 -4.993 IL 1.42
JK -3.800 C -3.000 C 0.843 0.124 0.967 T -8.876 -5.093 -8.876 JK 1.6
BR 43.500 T 28.300 T -6.154 -0.803 -6.957 C 94.002 59.393 94.002 BR 1.01
CQ 6.500 T 4.200 T -1.821 -0.239 -2.060 C 13.490 7.840 13.490 CQ 1.05
DP 18.500 T 12.000 T -3.216 -0.121 -3.337 C 39.732 24.863 39.732 DP 1.12
EO 24.800 T 16.100 T -3.966 -0.076 -4.042 C 53.499 33.768 53.499 EO 1.22
DIAGONAL 94.002 T DIAGONAL
FN 28.100 T 18.300 T -4.208 -0.277 -4.485 C 60.758 38.385 60.758 FN 1.33
GM 10.700 T 6.900 T -1.183 0.215 -0.968 C 23.396 15.322 23.396 GM 1.45
HL 1.800 T 1.200 T -0.867 -0.176 -1.043 C 3.558 1.717 3.558 HL 1.59
IK 11.700 T 7.600 T -2.415 -0.150 -2.565 C 24.918 15.275 24.918 IK 1.74
RBy 22.544 U 14.636 U -3.699 -0.449 -4.147 D 48.397 30.223 48.397
RCy 45.839 U 29.760 U -7.568 -0.077 -7.644 D 98.801 62.243 98.801 98.801 U
REACTION RDy 14.278 U 9.270 U -2.840 0.013 -2.827 D 30.551 18.941 30.551 REACTION AT
AT
SUPPORTS --- ---
SUPPORTS RBx 0.000 --- 0.000 --- -0.673 0.000 -0.673 L -0.336 -0.673 -0.673
RCx 0.000 --- 0.000 --- -1.376 0.000 -1.376 L -0.688 -1.376 -1.376 -1.376 L
RDx 0.000 --- 0.000 --- -0.516 0.000 -0.516 L -0.258 -0.516 -0.516
NOTES:

1.) The design loads shall be used as the actual loads in

the design of truss members.

2.) The design reactions shall be considered in the

design of base plates and anchor bolts.

LEGEND:

T Tension
C Compression
R To the Right
L To the Left
U Upward
D Downward
 Designation Weight Gross Area Radius of Gyration
W Ag r Depth y x
kg/m mm² mm mm mm mm
L20X20X3 0.88 112 5.9 20 5.98 5.98
L25X25X3 1.12 142 7.51 25 7.23 7.23
L30X30X3 1.36 174 8.99 30 8.35 8.35
L30X30X5 2.18 278 8.83 30 9.18 9.18
L30X30X6 2.56 327 8.74 30 9.56 9.56
L40X40X3 1.84 235 12.11 40 10.73 10.73
L40X40X5 2.97 379 11.97 40 11.62 11.62
L40x40x6 3.52 448 11.87 40 12.02 12.02
L50x50x3 2.33 296 15.22 50 13.08 13.08
L50x50x5 3.77 480 15.11 50 14.04 14.04
L50x50x6 4.47 569 15.02 50 14.45 14.45
L50x50x8 5.82 741 14.82 50 15.24 15.24
L50x50x10 7.11 905 14.62 50 15.98 15.98
L65x65x5 4.97 634 19.11 65 17.58 17.58
L65x65x6 5.91 753 19.31 65 18.04 18.04
L65x65x8 7.73 985 19.51 65 18.88 18.88
L65x65x10 9.49 1209 19.69 65 19.66 19.66
L65x65x12 11.18 1425 19.76 65 20.41 20.41
L75X75X5 5.78 736 22.88 75 19.95 19.95
L75X75X6 6.87 875 22.62 75 20.43 20.43
 1 L20X20X3 112 L20X20X3
2 L25X25X3 142 L25X25X3
3 L30X30X3 174 L30X30X3
4 L30X30X5 278 L30X30X5
5 L30X30X6 327 L30X30X6
6 L40X40X3 235 L40X40X3
7 L40X40X5 379 L40X40X5
8 L40x40x6 448 L40x40x6
9 L50x50x3 296 L50x50x3
10 L50x50x5 480 L50x50x5
11 L50x50x6 569 L50x50x6
12 L50x50x8 741 L50x50x8
13 L50x50x10 905 L50x50x10
14 L65x65x5 634 L65x65x5
15 L65x65x6 753 L65x65x6
16 L65x65x8 985 L65x65x8
17 L65x65x10 1209 L65x65x10
18 L65x65x12 1425 L65x65x12
19 L75X75X5 736 L75X75X5
20 L75X75X6 875 L75X75X6
 DESIGN OF WELDED CONNECTIONS

I. TOP CHORD MEMBERS:

Design Data:
Maximum Actual Compressive Load, Pact
Pact = 48.65965 kN
Pact = 48659.65 N
Materials used = L30X30X5
t = 5 mm
y = 9.18 mm
d = 30 mm
Material Properties
Grade of Steel = A36
Gusset plate thickness = 10 mm
Using SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) Method
Electrode: = E80XX
Fy = 460 MPa
Fu = 550 MPa
FEXX = 550 MPa
Weld size w = 5 mm

Considering Weld Shear Strength

φRn = 0.75 ( 0.707wLFw)
where: w = weld size
Fw = 0.60FEXX
Fw = 330 MPa
φRn = 874.91 N per mm length

Considering Base Metal Shear Strength

Shear Yield Strength
φRn = φ0.60(Fyt) ;φ=1.00
φRn = 1380.00 N per mm length
Shear Rupture Strength
φRn = φ0.60(FutL) ;φ=0.75
φRn = 1237.50 N per mm length

Note: Smaller value of φRn governs the strength of the weld.

Therefore, use:
φRn = 874.91 N per mm length

Solving for the required length of weld,

L = Pact/φRn
L = 55.62 mm
Therefore, L = 56.00 mm
For Balance Condition:
 L1y1 = L2y2
L1 + L2 = 56.00
where,
y1 = 9.18 mm
y2 = d - y1 = 20.82 mm
Solving simultaneously:
L1 = 38.86 mm
L2 = 17.14 mm

II.BOTTOM CHORD MEMBERS

Design Data:
Maximum Actual Compressive Load, Pact
Pact = 44.76325 kN
Pact = 44763.25 N
Materials used = L30X30X5
t = 5 mm
y = 9.18 mm
d = 30 mm
Material Properties
Grade of Steel = A36
Gusset plate thickness = 10 mm
Using SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) Method
Electrode: = E80XX
Fy = 460 MPa
Fu = 550 MPa
FEXX = 550 MPa
Weld size w = 5 mm

Considering Weld Shear Strength

φRn = 0.75 ( 0.707wLFw)
where: w = weld size
Fw = 0.60FEXX
Fw = 330 MPa
φRn = 874.91 N per mm length

Considering Base Metal Shear Strength

Shear Yield Strength
φRn = φ0.60(Fyt) ;φ=1.00
φRn = 1380.00 N per mm length
Shear Rupture Strength
φRn = φ0.60(FutL) ;φ=0.75
φRn = 1237.50 N per mm length

Note: Smaller value of φRn governs the strength of the weld.

Therefore, use:
φRn = 874.91 N per mm length
 Solving for the required length of weld,

L = Pact/φRn
L = 51.16 mm
Therefore, L = 52.00 mm
For Balance Condition:
L1y1 = L2y2
L1 + L2 = 52.00
where,
y1 = 9.18 mm
y2 = d - y1 = 20.82 mm
Solving simultaneously:
L1 = 36.09 mm
L2 = 15.91 mm

III. VERTICAL MEMBERS

Design Data:
Maximum Actual Compressive Load, Pact
Pact = 65.94615 kN
Pact = 65946.15 N
Materials used = L50x50x5
t = 5 mm
y = 14.04 mm
d = 50 mm
Material Properties
Grade of Steel = A36
Gusset plate thickness = 10 mm
Using SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) Method
Electrode: = E80XX
Fy = 460 MPa
Fu = 550 MPa
FEXX = 550 MPa
Weld size w = 5 mm

Considering Weld Shear Strength

φRn = 0.75 ( 0.707wLFw)
where: w = weld size
Fw = 0.60FEXX
Fw = 330 MPa
φRn = 874.91 N per mm length

Considering Base Metal Shear Strength

Shear Yield Strength
φRn = φ0.60(Fyt) ;φ=1.00
φRn = 1380.00 N per mm length
Shear Rupture Strength
φRn = φ0.60(FutL) ;φ=0.75
 φRn = 1237.50 N per mm length

Note: Smaller value of φRn governs the strength of the weld.

Therefore, use:
φRn = 874.91 N per mm length

Solving for the required length of weld,

L = Pact/φRn
L = 75.37 mm
Therefore, L = 76.00 mm
For Balance Condition:
L1y1 = L2y2
L1 + L2 = 76.00
where,
y1 = 14.04 mm
y2 = d - y1 = 35.96 mm
Solving simultaneously:
L1 = 54.66 mm
L2 = 21.34 mm

IV. DIAGONAL MEMBERS

Design Data:
Maximum Actual Compressive Load, Pact
Pact = 94.0016 kN
Pact = 94001.6 N
Materials used = L50x50x5
t = 5 mm
y = 14.04 mm
d = 50 mm
Material Properties
Grade of Steel = A36
Gusset plate thickness = 10 mm
Using SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) Method
Electrode: = E80XX
Fy = 460 MPa
Fu = 550 MPa
FEXX = 550 MPa
Weld size w = 5 mm

Considering Weld Shear Strength

φRn = 0.75 ( 0.707wLFw)
where: w = weld size
Fw = 0.60FEXX
Fw = 330 MPa
φRn = 874.91 N per mm length
 Considering Base Metal Shear Strength
Shear Yield Strength
φRn = φ0.60(Fyt) ;φ=1.00
φRn = 1380.00 N per mm length
Shear Rupture Strength
φRn = φ0.60(FutL) ;φ=0.75
φRn = 1237.50 N per mm length

Note: Smaller value of φRn governs the strength of the weld.

Therefore, use:
φRn = 874.91 N per mm length

Solving for the required length of weld,

L = Pact/φRn
L = 107.44 mm
Therefore, L = 108.00 mm
For Balance Condition:
L1y1 = L2y2
L1 + L2 = 108.00
where,
y1 = 14.04 mm
y2 = d - y1 = 35.96 mm
Solving simultaneously:
L1 = 77.67 mm
L2 = 30.33 mm

X DESIGN SUMMARY

Truss member Length of weld

Top Chord L1= 39.00 mm
L2= 18.00 mm
Bottom Chord L1= 37.00 mm
L2= 16.00 mm
Vertical L1= 55.00 mm
L2= 22.00 mm
Diagonal L1= 78.00 mm
L2= 31.00 mm
ILLUSTRATIONS / FIGURES
Grade of Steel = A36
Gusset plate thickness = 10 mm
Using SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) Method
Electrode: = E80XX
Weld size = 5 mm